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18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party

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The 18th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), formally the Political Bureau of the 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected at the 1st plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the CCP on 15 November 2012 in the aftermath of the 18th National Congress. This electoral term was preceded by the 17th Politburo and succeeded by the 19th. Of the 25 members, seven served in the 18th Politburo Standing Committee.

At the beginning of its term, the 25 Politburo members held the following portfolios: seven members of the CCP Politburo Standing Committee, six regional party leaders, two military figures, five leaders of central party organs and commissions, three Vice Premiers, the Vice President, and the head of the national trade union federation. The internal composition was similar to the previous Politburo, with only a few portfolio changes. The number of Standing Committee members decreased from nine to seven. The party leaders of the direct-controlled municipalities of Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, and Chongqing, the province of Guangdong, and the far western region of Xinjiang were represented on the Politburo; this arrangement was unchanged from the previous Politburo. The two vice-chairmen of the Central Military Commission, the national trade union head, the head of the party's Organization and Propaganda departments, and all Vice-Premiers were represented on the Politburo; again this arrangement was totally consistent with the composition of the previous Politburo.[citation needed]

The long-term head of the Policy Research Office, Wang Huning, gained a seat on the Politburo. This was the first time the head of this office was represented at the Politburo level. Before starting his Politburo term, Wang sat on the Central Secretariat. Similarly, Li Zhanshu was appointed director of the party's General Office and was given a seat on the Politburo, while his predecessors generally did not enjoy this 'privilege'. The Secretary of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission, Meng Jianzhu, did not earn a seat on the Standing Committee, unlike his predecessor Zhou Yongkang. Moreover, no Politburo member directly took on the role that Li Changchun played as "propaganda chief" in the previous Politburo; instead, Standing Committee member Liu Yunshan was named both executive Secretary of the Secretariat in charge of party affairs, he was also seen as having 'taken over' Li Changchun's post as informal "propaganda chief". Liu Yandong, who continued her term from the 17th Politburo, was promoted from State Councilor to Vice-Premier; therefore, no State Councilors sat on the 18th Politburo. Apart from the seven Standing Committee members, only three others maintained their membership from the previous Politburo: Liu Yandong, Li Yuanchao, and Wang Yang, meaning that 15 out of the 25 members were newcomers. Li held the office of vice-president, which Xi Jinping previously held, and Wang was transferred from his post as Guangdong party secretary to become Vice Premier. Li and Wang theoretically meet the age requirements to advance one level higher to the Standing Committee at the 19th Party Congress, the only two-term Politburo members apart from Xi Jinping and Li Keqiang who met this requirement.[citation needed]

Two women, Sun Chunlan and Liu Yandong, sat on the Politburo, the first time this has happened since 1973 (when Ye Qun and Jiang Qing were part of the Politburo). No ethnic minorities had a seat on the council.[citation needed]

Composition

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Members of the Political Bureau of the 18th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
[1]
Name Hanzi 17th POL 19th POL Birth PM Birthplace Academic attainment Gender No. of offices Ref.
Fan Changlong 范长龙 New Not 1947 1969 Liaoning
Not made public
 Male
One
 [2]
Guo Jinlong 郭金龙 New Not 1947 1979 Nanjing
Graduate
 Male
One
 [3]
Han Zheng 韩正 New Reelected 1954 1979 Shanghai
Graduate
 Male
One
 [4]
Hu Chunhua 胡春华 New Reelected 1963 1983 Hubei
Graduate
 Male
One
 [5]
Li Jianguo 李建国 New Not 1946 1971 Shandong
Graduate
 Male
Two
 [6]
Li Keqiang 李克强 Old Reelected 1955 1974 Hefei
Graduate
 Male
Seven
 [7]
Li Yuanchao 李源潮 Old Not 1950 1978 Jiangsu
Graduate
 Male
One
 [8]
Li Zhanshu 栗战书 New Reelected 1950 1975 Hebei
Graduate
 Male
One
 [9]
Liu Qibao 刘奇葆 New Not 1953 1971 Anhui
Graduate
 Male
One
 [10]
Liu Yandong 刘延东 Old Not 1945 1964 Jiangsu
Graduate
 Female
One
 [11]
Liu Yunshan 刘云山 Old Not 1947 1971 Shanxi
Not made public
 Male
Three
 [12]
Ma Kai 马凯 New Not 1946 1965 Shanghai
Graduate
 Male
One
 [13]
Meng Jianzhu 孟建柱 New Not 1947 1968 Jiangsu
Graduate
 Male
One
 [14]
Sun Chunlan 孙春兰 New Reelected 1950 1973 Hebei
Graduate
 Female
One
 [15]
Sun Zhengcai 孙政才 New Removed 1963 1988 Shandong
Graduate
 Male
One
 [16]
Wang Huning 王沪宁 New Reelected 1955 1984 Shanghai
Graduate
 Male
One
 [17]
Wang Qishan 王岐山 Old Not 1948 1983 Shanxi
Undergraduate
 Male
Two
 [18]
Wang Yang 汪洋 Old Reelected 1955 1975 Anhui
Graduate
 Male
One
 [19]
Xi Jinping 习近平 Old Reelected 1953 1974 Beijing
Graduate
 Male
Eleven
 [20]
Xu Qiliang 许其亮 New Reelected 1950 1967 Shandong
Graduate
 Male
One
 [21]
Yu Zhengsheng 俞正声 Old Not 1945 1964 Zhejiang
Graduate
 Male
Two
 [22]
Zhang Chunxian 张春贤 New Not 1953 1973 Henan
Graduate
 Male
One
 [23]
Zhang Dejiang 张德江 Old Not 1946 1971 Liaoning
Graduate
 Male
Two
 [24]
Zhang Gaoli 张高丽 Old Not 1946 1973 Fujian
Graduate
 Male
Nine
 [25]
Zhao Leji 赵乐际 New Reelected 1957 1975 Shandong
Graduate
 Male
One
 [26]

References

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  1. ^ "List of Political Bureau members of 18th CPC Central Committee". People's Daily. 15 November 2012. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  2. ^ "Fan Changlong". China Internet Information Center. 15 November 2022. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  3. ^ "Guo Jinlong 郭金龙". China Internet Information Center. 15 November 2022. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  4. ^ Li, Cheng. "Han Zheng 韩正" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  5. ^ Li, Cheng. "Hu Chunhua 胡春华" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  6. ^ "Li Jianguo 李建国". China Internet Information Center. 16 March 2013. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  7. ^ Li, Cheng. "Li Keqiang 李克强" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 November 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  8. ^ "Li Yuanchao 李源潮". China Internet Information Center. 16 March 2013. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  9. ^ Li, Cheng. "Li Zhanshu 栗战书" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 15 March 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  10. ^ "Liu Qibao 刘奇葆". China Internet Information Center. 24 July 2013. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  11. ^ "Liu Yandong". China Internet Information Center. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  12. ^ "Liu Yunshan 刘云山". China Vitae. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  13. ^ "Ma Kai 马凯". China Vitae. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  14. ^ "Meng Jianzhu". China Internet Information Center. 15 November 2022. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  15. ^ Li, Cheng. "Sun Chunlan 孙春兰" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 October 2022. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  16. ^ "Sun Zhengcai - Member of the Political Bureau of CPC Central Committee". China Daily. 15 November 2012. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  17. ^ Li, Cheng. "Wang Huning 王沪宁" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 November 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  18. ^ Pletcher, Kenneth. "Wang Qishan". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  19. ^ Li, Cheng. "Wang Yang 汪洋" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 May 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  20. ^ Li, Cheng. "Xi Jinping 习近平" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  21. ^ Li, Cheng. "Xu Qiliang 许其亮" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 October 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
  22. ^ "Yu Zhengsheng 俞正声". China Vitae. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  23. ^ "Zhang Chunxian 张春贤". China Internet Information Center. 16 March 2013. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  24. ^ "Zhang Dejiang 张德江". China Vitae. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  25. ^ "Zhang Gaoli 张高丽". China Vitae. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 23 July 2023.
  26. ^ Li, Cheng. "Zhao Leji 赵乐际" (PDF). Brookings Institution. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 December 2022. Retrieved 21 July 2023.
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