Timeline of Caen
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Caen, France.
Prior to 19th century
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- 912 - Caen becomes western capital of Normandy.[1]
- 1060 - Château de Caen (castle) built (approximate date).
- 1077 - Saint Stephen's Church, Caen consecrated.[2]
- 1087 - Burial of William the Conqueror.[1]
- 1314 - Public clock installed.[3]
- 1346 - Battle of Caen (1346).[2]
- 1417 - Siege of Caen (1417) by English forces.[1]
- 1432 - University of Caen Normandy founded.
- 1450 - Siege of Caen (1450); French in power.[1]
- 1460s - Maison des Quatrans (residence) construction begins.[4]
- 1480 - Printing press in operation.[5]
- 1527 - Hôtel de Than (mansion) built (approximate date).[4]
- 1540 - Hôtel d'Escoville (mansion) built.[2]
- 1652 - Académie des Sciences, Arts et Belles-Lettres de Caen founded.[6]
- 1710 - Hôtel de Blangy (mansion) construction begins (approximate date).
- 1736 - Jardin des plantes de Caen (garden) established.[7]
- 1790 - Caen becomes part of the Calvados souveraineté.[8]
- 1793 - Population: 34,805.[8]
- 1796 - Archives départementales du Calvados established.[9]
19th century
- 1809 - Musée des Beaux-Arts de Caen and Bibliothèque de Caen[10][11] open.
- 1820 - Société de médecine de Caen (medical society) founded.[6]
- 1821 - Caen Chamber of Commerce established.[12]
- 1823 - Société linnéenne de Normandie (learned society) founded.[6]
- 1824 - Société des antiquaires de Normandie (historical society) founded.[6]
- 1828 - Journal de Caen et de la Normandie newspaper begins publication.[13](fr)
- 1843 - Paris-Caen railway begins operating.[14]
- 1855 - Société des beaux-arts de Caen (art society) founded.[6]
- 1857
- Caen Canal opens.
- Gare de Caen opens
- Mantes-la-Jolie–Cherbourg railway begins operating.
- 1860 - Séminaire des Eudistes de Caen built.
- 1875
- Compagnie du Chemin de Fer de Caen à la Mer railway begins operating.
- Gare de Caen Saint-Martin (rail station) opens.
- 1886 - Population: 43,809.[15]
20th century
- 1901 - Tram begins operating.
- 1911 - Population: 46,934.[16]
- 1913 - Stade Malherbe Caen association football club formed.
- 1925 - Stade de Venoix (stadium) opens.
- 1934 - Gare de Caen (railway station) rebuilt.
- 1939 - Military Caen-Carpiquet Air Base established.
- 1940 - German occupation begins.
- 1944
- June–August: Battle for Caen fought, during the Battle of Normandy.
- 19 July: German forces ousted from city.
- 1945 - Rebuilding of Caen begins.
- Yves Guillou becomes mayor
- 1954 - Population: 67,851.[8]
- 1959 - Jean-Marie Louvel becomes mayor.
- 1961 - Lycée Malherbe built.
- 1962
- Lycée Augustin-Fresnel (Lycée) opens in La Grâce de Dieu (Caen) neighborhood.
- Caen twinned with Würzburg, Germany.[17]
- 1965 - City Hall moves into the Abbey of Saint-Étienne building.
- 1967 - Civilian Caen – Carpiquet Airport in use.
- 1968 - Population: 110,262.[8]
- 1970 - Jean-Marie Girault becomes mayor.
- 1973 - Canton of Caen-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 created.[8]
- 1982 - Orchestre Régional de Basse-Normandie established in nearby Mondeville.
- 1986 - Postal Museum opens.[18]
- 1987 - Caen twinned with Portsmouth, United Kingdom.[17]
- 1988 - Mémorial de Caen opens.
- 1991 - Caen twinned with Alexandria, Virginia and Nashville, USA.[17]
- 1992 - Caen twinned with Thiès, Senegal.[17]
- 1993 - Stade Michel d'Ornano (stadium) opens.
- 1999 - Population: 113,987.[8]
21st century
- 2001 - Brigitte Le Brethon becomes mayor
- 2002 - Caen Guided Light Transit (TVR) begins operating.
- 2008 - Philippe Duron becomes mayor
- 2012 - Population: 108,365.
- 2014 - Joël Bruneau becomes mayor.
- 2015 - December: Normandy regional election, 2015 held.
- 2016 - Caen becomes part of Normandy.
- 2017 - Caen Guided Light Transit ends operating.
- 2019 - Caen tramway begins operating.
See also
- History of Caen
- History of Caen
- List of mayors of Caen
- List of heritage sites in Caen
- History of Normandy region
- other cities in the Normandy region
References
- ^ a b c d Haydn 1910.
- ^ a b c Britannica 1910.
- ^ "Caen". Encyclopédie Larousse (in French). Éditions Larousse. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ a b Gloton 1957.
- ^ Henri Bouchot (1890). H. Grevel (ed.). The book: its printers, illustrators, and binders, from Gutenberg to the present time. London: H. Grevel & Co. pp. 368–374.
- ^ a b c d e "Sociétés savantes de France (Caen)" (in French). Paris: Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ "Garden Search: France". London: Botanic Gardens Conservation International. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f "Notice communale: Caen". Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui (in French). France: School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ Charles-Victor Langlois; Henri Stein (1891), "Archives départementales: Calvados", Les archives de l'histoire de France (in French), Paris: Alphonse Picard
{{citation}}: Check|author2=value (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ Bibliothèque municipale 1880.
- ^ Henry R. Tedder; E.C. Thomas (1882), "Libraries: France", Encyclopædia Britannica, vol. 14 (9th ed.), New York
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (list of cities) - ^ United States Department of Commerce; Archibald J. Wolfe (1915). "List of Chambers". Commercial Organizations in France. USA: Government Printing Office.
- ^ Frère 1860, p. 113.
- ^ "History: Timeline". Normandy. Green Guide. Michelin. 2012. ISBN 978-2-06-718264-6.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1890.
- ^ "France: Area and Population: Principal Towns". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1921.
- ^ a b c d "Les sept villes partenaires de Caen". Caen.fr (in French). Ville de Caen. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ "(Caen)". Muséofile: Répertoire des musées français (in French). Ministry of Culture (France). Retrieved 30 December 2015.
This article incorporates information from the French Wikipedia.
Bibliography
in English
- "Caen". Traveller's Guide through France (2nd ed.). Paris: Galignani. 1819.
- "Caen". Traveller's Classical Guide Through France. Paris: Maison, successeur de Audin. 1840.
Translated from the French
- "Caen", Handbook for Travellers in France, London: John Murray, 1861
- C. B. Black (1876), "Caen", Guide to the North of France, Edinburgh: Adam and Charles Black
- "Caen", Northern France (4th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1905, OCLC 01820283
- "Caen", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Caen", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
in French
See also: Bibliography of Caen
- Pierre Daniel Huet (1706). Les origines de la ville de Caen (in French) (2nd ed.). Rouen: Maurry.
- Heinrich August Ottokar Reichard (1816). "Caen". Guide des voyageurs en Europe (in French). Vol. France (8th ed.). Paris: Hyacinthe Langlois.
- Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Champagnac [in French] (1839). "Caen". Manuel des dates, en forme de dictionnaire. Perisse frères.
- Gervais de La Rue (1842). Nouveaux essais historiques sur la ville de Caen. Mancel.
- Édouard Frère (1860). "Journaux: Calvados". Manuel du bibliographie normand (in French). Vol. 2. Rouen. p. 113.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Barthelemy Pont (1866). Histoire de la ville de Caen (in French).
- Catalogue des manuscrits de la Bibliothèque municipale de Caen (in French). F. Le Blanc-Hardel. 1880.
- "Caen". Normandie. Guides Joanne (in French). 1901.
- "Caen". Dictionnaire Bouillet (in French) (34th ed.). 1914.
- Henri Prentout (1921). Caen et Bayeux (in French).
- Jean-Jacques Gloton (1957). "Orientation de l'architecture civile à Caen au temps de la Renaissance". Annales de Normandie (in French). 7 (1) – via Persée (web portal).
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Caen.
- Items related to Caen, various dates (via Europeana).
- Items related to Caen, various dates (via Digital Public Library of America).