Soyuz MS-23
 | |
| Names | ISS 69S |
|---|---|
| Mission type | Uncrewed spacecraft replacement mission to ISS |
| Operator | Roscosmos |
| COSPAR ID | 2023-024A |
| SATCAT no. | 55688 |
| Mission duration | 215 days, 10 hours and 53 minutes |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz MS No.754 |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz MS |
| Manufacturer | RSC Energia |
| Crew | |
| Crew size | 0 up 3 down |
| Landing | |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 24 February 2023, 00:24 UTC |
| Rocket | Soyuz-2.1a |
| Launch site | Baikonur Cosmodrome, Site 31 |
| Contractor | Progress Rocket Space Centre |
| End of mission | |
| Landing date | 27 September 2023, 11:17 UTC |
| Landing site | Kazakh Steppe, Kazakhstan |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric orbit |
| Regime | Low Earth orbit |
| Inclination | 51.66° |
| Docking with ISS | |
| Docking port | Poisk zenith |
| Docking date | 26 February 2023, 00:58 UTC |
| Undocking date | 6 April 2023, 08:45 UTC |
| Time docked | 39 days, 7 hours and 47 minutes |
| Docking with ISS (Relocation) | |
| Docking port | Prichal nadir[a] |
| Docking date | 6 April 2023, 09:22 UTC |
| Undocking date | 27 September 2023, 07:54 UTC[1] |
| Time docked | 173 days, 22 hours and 32 minutes |
| Cargo | |
| Mass | ~430 kg (950 lb) |
| Pressurised | ~430 kg (950 lb) |
Soyuz MS-23 was an uncrewed Russian Soyuz spaceflight that launched from Baikonur on 24 February 2023 to the International Space Station, to replace the Soyuz MS spacecraft for landing that the three Soyuz MS-22 crew members launched onboard, with a new spacecraft.[2]
Background
Due to the 0.8 mm (0.031 in)-diameter hole punctured in the radiator of Soyuz MS-22 due to micro-meteoroid impact,[3] there were doubts over the safety of Soyuz MS-22. So, it was returned MS-22 uncrewed like Soyuz 32 and MS-23 was launched uncrewed like Soyuz 34 as a replacement.[4][5] As it was launched uncrewed, it carried ~430 kg (950 lb) dry cargo and equipment in its pressurized section, like a Progress MS spacecraft.
Until the replacement MS-23 docked with the ISS, SpaceX Crew-5 was considered among the options to return the MS-22 crew, in case of emergency. This is due to the fact that SpaceX originally designed the Crew Dragon to host a crew of seven at a time. Due to these reasons, the International Space Station mission management team decided to move NASA astronaut Francisco Rubio's Soyuz seat liner from the Soyuz MS-22 spacecraft to Dragon Endurance, to provide lifeboat capabilities in the event Rubio would need to return to Earth because of an emergency evacuation from the space station. The seat liner was moved on 17 January 2023, with installation and configuration continuing through most of the day, 18 January 2023. This seat liner swapping is not new between two Soyuz, but this was the first time swapping from Soyuz to Crew Dragon.[6] The change allowed for increased crew protection by reducing the heat load inside the MS-22 spacecraft for cosmonauts Prokopyev and Petelin in the event of an emergency return to Earth. Alongside SpaceX Crew-6 space capsule is designed to bring back crew serving as an emergency evacuation after Crew-5.[7]
As the MS-23 arrived at the space station on 26 February, Rubio's seat liner was transferred to the new Soyuz on 6 March and the seat liners for Sergey Prokopyev and Dmitry Petelin were moved from MS-22 to MS-23 on 2 March, ahead of their return in the Soyuz.[6]
Crew
Original scenario
The original three-Russian member crew for this scenario was named in May 2021. American astronaut Loral O'Hara replaced Andrey Fedyaev as a part of the Soyuz-Dragon crew swap system of keeping at least one NASA astronaut and one Roscosmos cosmonaut on each of the crew rotation missions. This allows continuous space station occupation by US and Russia and keep backup crew scenarios to prevent vehicle either vehicle grounding like Soyuz MS-10 launch failure or to compensate for delays in launch of crew rotation missions of either vehicles like SpaceX Crew-3, that was delayed due to unfavorable launch weather conditions.[8]
Primary Crew
| Position | Launching Crew member | Landing Crew member |
|---|---|---|
| Commander |  Oleg Kononenko, RoscosmosExpedition 68/69 Fifth spaceflight | |
| Flight Engineer | Nikolai Chub, Roscosmos Expedition 68/69/70 First spaceflight |
 Loral O'Hara, NASAExpedition 68/69 First spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer / Spaceflight Participant | Loral O'Hara, NASA Expedition 68/69 First spaceflight |
 Marina Vasilevskaya[9]First spaceflight |
Backup crew
| Position | Crew member | |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | Aleksey Ovchinin, Roscosmos
| |
| Flight Engineer 1 | Oleg Platonov, Roscosmos
| |
| Flight Engineer 2 | Tracy Caldwell-Dyson[10], NASA
| |
New scenario
As Soyuz MS-22 was unable to perform crew return, it reentered uncrewed like Soyuz 32 and MS-23 was launched empty like Soyuz 34 to return the MS-22 crew.[11] The original crewed mission was delayed and reassigned to the MS-24 mission.
Crew
| Position | Launching Crew member | Landing Crew member |
|---|---|---|
| Commander | None | Sergey Prokopyev, Roscosmos Expedition 67/68/69 Second spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | None | Dmitry Petelin, Roscosmos Expedition 67/68/69 First spaceflight |
| Flight Engineer | None | Francisco Rubio, NASA Expedition 67/68/69 First spaceflight |
References
- ^ because Poisk Module needs to be clear for depressurization during spacewalks
- ^ Graf, Author Abby (27 September 2023). "Crewed Soyuz Spacecraft Undocking Live on NASA TV". blogs.nasa.gov. Retrieved 27 September 2023.
{{cite web}}:|first=has generic name (help) - ^ Zak, Anatoly (16 February 2023). "Space exploration in 2023". RussianSpaceWeb. Retrieved 17 February 2023.
- ^ "Госкорпорация "Роскосмос"".
- ^ Pavlushchenko, Katya [@katlinegrey] (19 December 2022). "A big update on the incident with #SoyuzMS22 appeared on the Roscosmos website: https://t.co/cJGMOhh9Xr. Quick summary in the thread below. ⤵️ https://t.co/Gj1SCTG49j" (Tweet). Archived from the original on 19 December 2022. Retrieved 20 December 2022 – via Twitter.
- ^ Jeff Foust (26 February 2023). "Replacement Soyuz arrives at space station". Space News. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
- ^ a b Garcia, Mark (13 January 2023). "Spacewalk Preps Continue as Soyuz Seat Move Planned as Precaution". blogs.nasa.gov. Retrieved 14 January 2023.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ Expedition 68 NASA's SpaceX Crew-6 Leaders Discuss Mission – Jan. 25, 2023. NASA Video. 25 January 2023. Archived from the original on 14 February 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2023 – via YouTube.
- ^ "Rogozin says Crew Dragon safe for Russian cosmonauts". SpaceNews. 26 October 2021. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
- ^ "Belarusian female astronaut to go ISS in March 2024 — Roscosmos". TASS. Retrieved 30 May 2023.
- ^ Imgur. "imgur.com". Imgur. Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- ^ "Russia to launch new capsule to return space station crew". WJXT. Associated Press. 11 January 2023. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
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