Molala language

Molala
Molala
Molale
Native to	United States
Region	Central Oregon and Washington
Ethnicity	Molala people
Extinct	1958; with the death of Fred Yelkes (1885–1958)
Language family	Plateau Penutian Molala;
Language codes
ISO 639-3	mbe
Glottolog	mola1238

Molala (Molele, Molalla) is the extinct and poorly attested Plateau Penutian language of the Molala people of Oregon and Washington. It is first attested along the Deschutes River, and later moved to the Molalla and Santiam rivers, and to the headwaters of the Umpqua and Rogue rivers. It was once thought to be close to Cayuse.

Dialects

There were three known dialects:

Northern Molala, spoken in southern Oregon in the Cascade Range
Upper Santiam Molala, spoken along the upper Santiam River in the Cascades in central Oregon.
Southern Molala, spoken in southern Oregon in the Cascade Range

The phonology of the Molala language:

		Bilabial	Alveolar	Lateral	Palatal	Velar	Uvular	Glottal
Plosive	plain	p	t			k	q	ʔ
	aspirated	pʰ	tʰ			kʰ	qʰ
	ejective	pʼ	tʼ			kʼ	qʼ
Nasal		m	n			ŋ
Affricate	plain		ts	tɬ
Affricate	ejective		tsʼ
Fricative		ɸ	s	ɬ		x		h
Approximant		w		l	j

/i/ and /a/ can also shift to /ə/.^[3]

Molala is a verb-heavy polysynthetic language.

Molala nouns have seven cases:

^ Molala at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
^ Wurm, Stephen A.; Mühlhäusler, Peter; Tryon, Darrell T. (1996). Atlas of Languages of Intercultural Communication in the Pacific, Asia, and ... - Google Books. ISBN 9783110134179. Retrieved 7 March 2015.
^ Berman, Howard (1996). International Journal of American Linguistics Vol. 62, No. 1. The University of Chicago Press. pp. 3–5.