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Austria–Denmark relations

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Austrian-Danish relations
Map indicating locations of Denmark and Austria

Denmark
Austria

Austria–Denmark relations are the foreign relations between Austria and Denmark. Austria has an embassy in Copenhagen and Denmark has an embassy in Vienna.[1][2] Both countries are full members of the Council of Europe, of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, and of the European Union. Diplomatic relations were established on 19 December 1925.[3]

History

Austria and Denmark were allies against Sweden in 1643-45 and 1657-60. Austria established a legation in Copenhagen in 1691. The Austrian Archduke has the Order of the Elephant, the highest Danish order of chivalry.[4]

In 1927, an agreement on free visas was signed in Berlin.[5]

Second Schleswig War

Austrian veterans from the Second Schleswig War of 1864.
Main article: Second Schleswig War

The Second Schleswig War was the second military conflict as a result of the Schleswig-Holstein Question. It began on 1 February 1864, when Prussian forces crossed the border into Schleswig.

Denmark fought Prussia and Austria. Like the First Schleswig War (1848–51), it was fought for control of the duchies because of succession disputes concerning the duchies of Holstein and Lauenburg when the Danish king died without an heir acceptable to the German Confederation. Decisive controversy arose due to the passing of the November Constitution, which integrated the Duchy of Schleswig into the Danish kingdom in violation of the London Protocol.

Reasons for the war were the ethnic controversy in Schleswig and the co-existence of conflicting political systems within the Danish unitary state.

The war ended on 30 October 1864, when the Treaty of Vienna caused Denmark's cession of the Duchies of Schleswig, Holstein, and Saxe-Lauenburg to Prussia and Austria. It was the last victorious conflict of the Austrian Empire/Austria-Hungary in its history.[6]

Austrian war refugees

After the First World War, 25,000 children from Vienna fled to Denmark, and 12,000 did so after the Second World War.[7]

Trade

Austria has a trade delegation in Copenhagen.[8]

The Danish pastry was created (accidentally) in Denmark by bakers from Vienna, who were brought in to fill a labor shortage created by striking Copenhagen bakers.[9][10]

The trade between Austria and Denmark increased from January to August 2010. Austrian exports to Denmark increased by almost 4%, mainly due to export growth in industrial sectors. Exports of pharmaceutical products increased by 8% and 20%.[11]

Melchior Lorck

Main article: Melchior Lorck

Melchior Lorck was a renaissance painter, draughtsman, and printmaker of Danish-German origin. He produced the most thorough visual record of the life and customs of Turkey in the 16th century, to this day a unique source. He was also the first Danish artist of whom a substantial biography is reconstructable and a substantial body of artworks is attributable. Lorck returned to Western Europe in the autumn of 1559. In 1560 he is documented in Vienna, where he stayed until 1566.[12]

Expatriates

806 Danes lived in Austria in 2001, and 1307 Austrians lived in Denmark in 2005.[13]

Tourism

301,449 Danes visited Austria in 2007.[14]

References

  1. ^ "Austrian representatives in Denmark". Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs (Austria) (in German). Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  2. ^ "Danish embassy in Vienna, Austria". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark) (in Danish and German). Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  3. ^ "Bilateral relations between Austria and Denmark (Treaties)". Federal Ministry for European and International Affairs (Austria) (in German). Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  4. ^ Athanasius Kircher (14 January 1654). "Athanasius Kircher to King Frederik III of Denmark, from Rome, 14 January 1654". Archived from the original on 11 July 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  5. ^ "Exchange of Notes constituting an Agreement relating to the Abolition of Passports Visas for the Nationals of the two States. Berlin, June 9, and Copenhagen, June 11, 1927" (PDF). United Nations Treaty Series. World Legal Information Institute. 11 June 1927. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  6. ^ "Prussia and Austria fights Denmark 1864". Archived from the original on 14 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  7. ^ Anne-Marie Mohr Nielsen (15 May 2007). "Vienna children remember Denmark". Kristeligt Dagblad (in Danish). Kristeligt Dagblad. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  8. ^ "Austrian trade delegation in Denmark". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark) (in German). Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  9. ^ "Wienerbrød". Arbejdsgiverforeningen Konditorer, Bagere og Chocolademagere. Archived from the original on 2013-01-16. Retrieved 2012-01-17.
  10. ^ Inger Abildgaard (1 February 2007). "De danske kager er en fantastisk historie". Samvirke (in Danish). Retrieved 16 October 2014. Interview with Bi Skaarup, a Danish food-historian and former president of "Det Danske Gastronomiske Akademi" (The Danish Gastronomical Academy).
  11. ^ "Newsletter Austrian embassy - Commercial Section" (PDF). Austrian Federal Economic Chamber. Austrian Federal Economic Chamber. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
  12. ^ Fischer, Bencard and Rasmussen (2009-2010)
  13. ^ "Ties between Austria and Denmark". Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark) (in German). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark). Archived from the original on 13 November 2011. Retrieved 12 February 2011.
  14. ^ "Danish Tourism in Austria" (PDF). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark) (in Danish). Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark). Retrieved 12 February 2011.[permanent dead link]
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