Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA
Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA Fœderatarum Civitatum Americæ Septemtrionalis | |
---|---|
![]() The coat of arms of the Archdiocese for the Military Services | |
Location | |
Country | United States of America |
Coordinates | 38°56′07″N 76°59′32″W / 38.935399°N 76.992086°W |
Information | |
Denomination | Catholic |
Sui iuris church | Latin Church |
Rite | Roman Rite |
Established | July 21, 1986 (38 years ago) |
Current leadership | |
Pope | Francis |
Archbishop | Timothy Broglio |
Auxiliary Bishops | F. Richard Spencer Neal Buckon Joseph L. Coffey William Muhm |
Bishops emeritus | Richard Higgins |
Website | |
www.milarch.org |
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA (formally the Military Ordinariate of Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States), provides the Roman Catholic Church's pastoral and spiritual services to those serving in the armed forces of the United States and their dependents and to all military and naval bases, to the facilities of the Veterans Administration,[1] and to other federal services overseas.
It was originally established as a military vicariate, with the Archbishop of New York also serving as the military vicar. It was reorganized as an archdiocese, with its own archbishop and its see relocated to the District of Columbia by Pope John Paul II in 1986.
The current diocesan bishop is Archbishop Timothy P. Broglio. He is assisted by several auxiliary bishops. Together, they oversee Catholic priests serving as chaplains throughout the world. Each chaplain remains incardinated into the diocese or religious institute for which he was ordained.
The Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA is a personal jurisdiction, meaning that it has no defined territory and that its jurisdiction extends to those whom it serves throughout the world. It has jurisdiction wherever American men and women in uniform serve. The jurisdiction of the Archdiocese extends to all United States government property in the United States and abroad, including U.S. military installations, embassies, consulates and other diplomatic missions.
History
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e1/OCallahan_JT_g49132.jpg/250px-OCallahan_JT_g49132.jpg)
Prior to the creation of the Military Ordinariate and then the Archdiocese for the Military Services, the armed forces of the United States was served by an informal corps of volunteer priests. Beginning in 1917, the spiritual care of those in military service fell to the Military Vicariate, the equivalent of a personal vicariate apostolic, that is, a particular church the membership of which is defined by some personal quality (as in this case being a member or a dependent of a member of the armed services) that is headed by a legate of the pope. Originally, the ordinariate was headed by then-Bishop Patrick Hayes, an auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of New York who served double duty as papal military vicar for the United States beginning on November 24, 1917.
Hayes was chosen because New York was the primary port of embarkation for U.S. troops leaving for Europe and therefore a convenient contact point for Catholic chaplains serving with them. When Cardinal John Farley, Archbishop of New York, died, Hayes was appointed as his successor and kept the additional title and duty of military vicar. In November 1939, the Holy See established the Military Vicariate of the United States of America. The post remained an additional duty of the archbishop of New York from Hayes' time until Cardinal Terence Cooke began plans to separate it as its own jurisdiction in the early 1980s, plans he was unable to carry out before his death in 1983. Cardinal John Joseph O'Connor—a retired Navy chaplain with the rank of Rear Admiral, having served as chief of Navy chaplains (the military's title for its own senior chaplain officer) subsequently served as an auxiliary bishop for the Military Vicariate.[2] He succeeded Cardinal Cooke as Archbishop of New York and Apostolic Administrator of the Military Vicariate. He oversaw the completion of the transition. On July 21, 1986, Pope John Paul II reconstituted the military vicariate as the present Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA,[3] naming Archbishop Joseph T. Ryan its first archbishop.
In 2012, Catholic Extension approved a $56,000 two year grant to the Archdiocese for the Military Services to support faith formation programs for Catholics in the United States military.[4] As of April 2013, about 25% of the U.S. armed forces are Catholic.[5]
As of 2017, the Archdiocese had 208 priests on active duty serving approximately 1.8 million people.[6]
Bishops
The lists of bishops, archbishops and auxiliary bishops and their tenure of service:
Apostolic Vicar of the United States Armed Forces
- Cardinal Patrick Joseph Hayes (1917-1938), concurrently served as Auxiliary Bishop of New York and later Archbishop of New York
- Cardinal Francis Joseph Spellman (1939-1967), concurrently served as Archbishop of New York
- Cardinal Terence James Cooke (1968-1983), concurrently served as Archbishop of New York
Apostolic Delegate for the United States Armed Forces
- John Francis O'Hara, C.S.C. (1939-1945), appointed Bishop of Buffalo and later Archbishop of Philadelphia (elevated to Cardinal in 1958)
- William Richard Arnold (1945-1965)
Archbishop for the Military Services, USA
- John Joseph Thomas Ryan (1985-1991)
- Joseph Thomas Dimino (1991-1997)
- Edwin Frederick O'Brien (1997-2007), appointed Archbishop of Baltimore and later Pro-Grand Master and Grand Master of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre (elevated to Cardinal in 2012)
- Timothy P. Broglio (2008–present)
Coadjutor Archbishops
- John Joseph Thomas Ryan (1975-1985)
- Edwin Frederick O'Brien (1997)
Auxiliary Bishops
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Military_chaplain2.jpg/220px-Military_chaplain2.jpg)
- William Tibertus McCarty, C.Ss.R. (1943–1947), appointed Bishop of Rapid City
- James Henry Ambrose Griffiths (1949–1955), concurrently served as Auxiliary Bishop of New York
- Philip Joseph Furlong (1955–1971)
- William Joseph Moran (1965–1981)
- James Jerome Killeen (1975–1978)
- John Joseph O'Connor (1979–1983), appointed Bishop of Scranton and later Archbishop of New York (elevated to Cardinal in 1985)
- Lawrence Joyce Kenney (1983–1990)
- Angelo Thomas Acerra, O.S.B. (1983–1990)
- Joseph Thomas Dimino (1983–1991), appointed Archbishop for the Military Services, USA
- Francis Xavier Roque (1983–2004)
- John Gavin Nolan (1987–1997)
- John Joseph Glynn (1991–2002)
- José de Jesús Madera Uribe, M.Sp.S. (1991–2004)
- John Joseph Kaising (2000–2007)
- Joseph W. Estabrook (2004–2012)
- Richard Brendan Higgins (2004–2020)
- F. Richard Spencer (2010–present)
- Neal James Buckon (2011–present)
- Robert J. Coyle (2013–2018), appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Rockville Centre
- Joseph L. Coffey (2019–present)
- William Muhm (2019–present)
Seat
The diocesan chancery is located in Washington, D.C.[7] The Archdiocese for the Military Services is the only US diocese without a cathedral, but celebrates its major functions at the Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception.
Noncombatant status
The Geneva Conventions state (Protocol I, June 8, 1977, Art 43.2) that chaplains are noncombatants: they do not have the right to participate directly in hostilities. Captured chaplains are not considered Prisoners of War (Third Convention, August 12, 1949, Chapter IV Art 33) and must be returned to their home nation unless retained to minister to prisoners of war.
Reports of sexual abuse
Army
In 1985. Catholic US Army chaplain Alvin L. Campbell plead guilty to sex abuse and received a 14 year prison sentence.[8] He served 7 years of this sentence and was removed from public ministry. He died in 2002.[9]
In 2000, Catholic army chaplain Mark Matson was convicted and sentenced to 20 years in prison for molesting a 13 year old boy while serving at an US Army hospital.[10][9]
In 2005, Catholic chaplain Gregory Arflack was sentenced to five years in prison after pleading guilty to sexually assaulting members of the US Army.[11]
Air Force
In 1991, US Air Force priest Thomas Chleboski pled guilty to five counts of molesting a 13 year old boy in 1989 and received a 20 year prison sentence.[12][13] He was accused of luring his victim with tours of Andrews Air Force Base.[14]
Barry Ryan, who served two years in prison for separate acts of sex abuse he committed in 2003, was removed from the archdiocese in 1995 after allegations surfaced that he committed acts of sex abuse against a minor in 1994.[9][15]
On April 12, 2019, Arthur Perrault, a former Roman Catholic priest who served as a US Air Force chaplain, was found guilty of sexually abusing an altar boy at an Air Force base and a veterans' cemetery in New Mexico in the early 1990s.[13][16] On September 15, 2019, Perrault, who was extradited in September 2018 years after he fled the country,[13] received a 30 year prison sentence.[17] Perrault was serving in the Air National Guard when the abuse took place.[9]
Notable chaplains by conflict
- For historic photographs of Army chaplains in World War I, World War II, Korean War, and Vietnam War, see Army Chaplain Corps Museum.
- See footnote[18]
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Catholic_Mass_aboard_USS_Ronald_Reagan.jpg/180px-Catholic_Mass_aboard_USS_Ronald_Reagan.jpg)
Mexican–American War
- John McElroy, S.J. – One of two of the Army's first Catholic chaplains. Founder of Boston College.[19]
- Anthony Rey, S.J. – One of two of the Army's first Catholic chaplains. Vice president of Georgetown College (1845).[19] First Catholic chaplain killed during service with the U.S. military.
Civil War
- For Civil War chaplains, see footnote.[20]
- Emmeran M. Bliemel, OSB – He was the first Catholic chaplain killed in action during the Civil War.[21]
- William Corby – He is famous for giving a general absolution to the Irish Brigade at the Battle of Gettysburg.
- John Ireland – He served as a chaplain of the 5th Minnesota Volunteer Infantry Regiment.
- Bernard John McQuaid – He volunteered as a chaplain and accompanied the New Jersey Brigade to the seat of war, during which service he was captured by the Confederates.
Spanish–American War
- John P. Chidwick – A priest of the Archdiocese of New York and the third Catholic chaplain in the history of the Navy, he was the chaplain on USS Maine when it was destroyed by an explosion on February 15, 1898 (which led to the Spanish–American War of April 8 to August 13, 1898); he helped coordinate the burial of sailors and their later reburials at Arlington National Cemetery[22]
World War I
- John B. DeValles
- Francis P. Duffy – Chaplain for the 69th Infantry Regiment (a military unit from New York City and part of the New York Army National Guard) – known as "The Fighting 69th" – which had been federalized and redesignated the 165th U.S. Infantry Regiment.
- John Joseph Mitty – In 1919, he was assigned as Catholic chaplain at the U.S. Military Academy; during his tenure at West Point, General Douglas MacArthur served as superintendent.
- Colman O'Flaherty – Chaplain with the 1st Infantry Division; was killed in action, in France; posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross.
- Barry O'Toole
World War II
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80.%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_2%D1%81%D0%B2.%D0%B2..jpg/250px-%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80.%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BF%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BD_2%D1%81%D0%B2.%D0%B2..jpg)
![A tall stone monument stands on a grassy hill in a graveyard](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/78/Catholic_Chaplains_Monument_Arlington.jpg/220px-Catholic_Chaplains_Monument_Arlington.jpg)
- See footnote[23]
- William R. Arnold (first Catholic Army Chief of Chaplains; later served as Apostolic Vicar for the U.S.Armed Forces)
- Thomas J. Barrett [23]
- Frederic P. Gehring, C.M.
- Joseph Gilmore [23]
- William Guilfoyle [23]
- Philip M. Hannan
- William A. Irwin [23] a
- Alfred W. Johnson [23]
- Francis J. McManus [23]
- Joseph T. O'Callahan – served on USS Franklin; awarded the Medal of Honor
- John A. Ryan [23]
- Joseph T. Ryan[24]
- Aloysius H. Schmitt – first US chaplain to die in WW II; on USS Oklahoma[25]
- John P. Washington – one of the Four Chaplains[23]
- Joseph Verbis Lafleur, recipient of the Distinguished Service Cross, Bronze Star, and Purple Heart
Korean War
- See footnote[23]
- Herman G. Felhoelter – chaplain with the 19th Infantry Regiment, 24th Infantry Division; executed, along with 30 critically wounded soldiers; posthumously awarded the Distinguished Service Cross
- Emil J. Kapaun – awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously[26][23]
- Dennis Murphy [27]
- John J. O'Connor (later served as Navy Chief of Chaplains, 1975–1979, and as auxiliary bishop of the Military Vicariate, 1979–1983)
Cold War (pre-Vietnam)
- Terence P. Finnegan (first Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
- Patrick J. Ryan (second Catholic Army Chief of Chaplains)
Vietnam War
- See footnote[23]
- Robert R. Brett, S.M. – killed during Tet offensive, after declining his seat on a departing helicopter[28][23]
- Vincent R. Capodanno, M.M. – awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously[23]
- Edwin R. Chess (second Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
- John F. Laboon, Jr., S.J.
- Charles Liteky
- Francis L. Sampson (third Catholic Army Chief of Chaplains)
- Charles J. Watters [23] – awarded the Medal of Honor posthumously
Cold War (post-Vietnam)
- John A. Collins (fourth Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
- William Joseph Dendinger (seventh Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
- Patrick J. Hessian (fourth Catholic Army Chief of Chaplains)
- John P. McDonough (fifth Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
- Henry J. Meade (third Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
- Donald W. Shea (fifth Catholic Army Chief of Chaplains)
- Arthur S. Thomas (sixth Catholic Air Force Chief of Chaplains)
Iraq War/War on Terror
- Donald L. Rutherford (sixth Catholic Army Chief of Chaplains)
- H. Timothy Vakoc – only US chaplain to die from wounds received during the Iraq War
Fiction and literature portraying Catholic military chaplains
- The Fighting 69th
- The Longest Day (book)
- The Longest Day (film)
- MASH: A Novel About Three Army Doctors
- MASH (film)
- M*A*S*H (TV series)
See also
- Chaplain Assistant (Army)
- Chaplain of the Coast Guard
- Chaplain of the United States Marine Corps
- Chaplain's Medal for Heroism
- Insignia of Chaplain Schools in the US Military
- International Military Chiefs of Chaplains Conference
- List of Catholic bishops of the United States: Archdiocese for the Military Services[29]
- National Catholic Community Service
- National Catholic Welfare Council
- New Testament military metaphors
- Religious Program Specialist (Navy)
- Religious symbolism in the United States military
- United States Air Force Chaplain Corps
- United States Army Chaplain Corps
- United States military chaplains
- United States Navy Chaplain Corps
- U.S. Army Chaplain Museum – includes link to historic photographs of Army chaplains in World War I, World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War
Footnotes
- ^ Bunson, Matthew (July 4, 2017). "Shepherding God's Military Flock". National Catholic Register. EWTN News, Inc. Retrieved July 4, 2017.
- ^ Steinfels, Peter (May 4, 2000). "Death of a Cardinal; Cardinal O'Connor, 80, Dies; Forceful Voice for Vatican". The New York Times. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
- ^ Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States. GCatholic. Retrieved August 20, 2010.[self-published source]
- ^ "AMS Named Recipient of $56,000 Grant from Catholic Extension". August 1, 2012. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ Karen Jowers (April 5, 2013). "Training material listing Catholics as 'extremists' angers archdiocese". Army Times. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
- ^ Christopher White (June 24, 2017). "White, Christopher. "Military Archdiocese faces uphill battle to serve troops", ''Crux'', Jun 24, 2017". Cruxnow.com. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA, official website. Retrieved August 20, 2010.
- ^ "Future Pope Refused to Defrock Convicted Priest". www.cbsnews.com. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ a b c d "Military Chaplains Accused of Sexual Misconduct". www.bishop-accountability.org. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ "Jailed Hawaii priest accused of mainland sex assault". https://www.hawaiinewsnow.com. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
{{cite web}}
: External link in
(help)|website=
- ^ "Army chaplain gets five years for sex assaults". Stars and Stripes. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ Griffith, Stephanie (May 24, 1991). "D.C. PRIEST GETS 22 YEARS FOR MOLESTING VA. BOY, 13". Retrieved April 16, 2020 – via www.washingtonpost.com.
- ^ a b c Lee, Morgan; Hudetz, Mary (April 12, 2019). "Former Air Force chaplain, a retired colonel, found guilty of sex abuse in New Mexico". Air Force Times. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ Burns, Mary (February 19, 1995). "UNSACRED TRUST". Retrieved April 16, 2020 – via www.washingtonpost.com.
- ^ "Fr. Barry E. Ryan | Priest". Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ 'Few acts more horrific': former US priest jailed for 30 years for child sexual abuse The Guardian, 2019
- ^ Lee, Morgan; Hudetz, Mary (September 16, 2019). "Retired Air Force chaplain, a fugitive for 20 years, sentenced in Kirtland AFB sex abuse case". Air Force Times. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ Military Heroes. Mission Capodanno website. Catholics in the Military. Retrieved August 11, 2011.
- ^ a b O'Conner, Thomas H. "Breaking the religious barrier", The Boston Globe, Boston, May 10, 2004.
- ^ On the following page, go to the link for "Chaplains" and then click on the "USA Chaplains" link or the "CSA Chaplains" link."Home page". The National Civil War Chaplains Museum. Archived from the original on November 15, 2011. Retrieved October 20, 2011.
- ^ "Rev. Emmeran M. Bliemel – Hero of Battle of Jonesboro: 10th Tennessee Regiment: The first American Catholic Chaplain to die on the battlefield". The National Civil War Chaplains Museum. 2008. Archived from the original on April 25, 2012. Retrieved October 19, 2011.
Chaplain of the 10th Tennessee Regiment, he courageously and unselfishly ministered to the spiritual needs of all the wounded, both under fire and behind the lines. He died while giving the last rites to his Commanding Officer, Colonel William Grace. Rev. Bliemel also ministered to the men of the 4th Kentucky Regiment (the Orphan Brigade).
- ^ McClarey, Donald R. (October 3, 2016). "Hero of the Maine: Father John Chidwick". CatholicStand. Retrieved December 2, 2016.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o On Chaplains Hill in Arlington National Cemetery is a monument for 83 Catholic chaplains who died in World War II, the Korean War, and the Vietnam War.
- ^ Ryan was a Navy chaplain from 1943 to 1946 and took part in the Marine landing at Okinawa. He served as chancellor of the U.S. Military Vicariate from 1957 to 1958. On February 7, 1966, he was appointed the first archbishop of Anchorage, Alaska, by Pope Paul VI. He was consecrated a bishop on March 25 by Cardinal Spellman. On November 4, 1975, Ryan was named coadjutor archbishop for the Military Vicariate and Titular Archbishop of Gabii. After the death of Cardinal Cooke, Pope John Paul II elevated the Military Vicariate (which had been run by the Archdiocese of New York) to the rank of an archdiocese and named Ryan the first archbishop of the Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA, on March 16, 1985.
- ^ "Sunday in Paradise". March 11, 2009. Retrieved April 16, 2020.
- ^ A Servant of God, Father Kapaun died in a POW camp and was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor on April 11, 2013 by President Barack Obama. Milburn, John, "Army says Kansas Army chaplain Rev. Kapaun worthy of Medal of Honor for service in Korean War"[permanent dead link], Associated Press, October 13, 2009. Baltimore Sun website. Retrieved October 15, 2009. The article includes an undated photo (released by the Catholic Diocese of Wichita), showing Fr. Kapaun saying Mass in the field.
- ^ Chaplain Dennis Murphy celebrates mass for the men of 65th AAA Bn., at Bolo Point, Okinawa. July 19, 1951. http://www.reporternews.com/photos/galleries/2010/jun/24/look-back-korean-war/18954 Retrieved September 6, 2013.
- ^ For information about Father Brett, go to "United States Navy Chaplain Corps § Notable chaplains" and click on the three footnotes next to his name.
- ^ Scroll down – through the 32 ecclesiastical provinces (in alphabetical order) – to the Washington archdiocese, below which is the Military Services archdiocese and its archbishop and auxiliary bishops.
Further reading
- Books
- See: Military chaplain § Further reading
- Crosby, Donald F., 1994. Battlefield Chaplains: Catholic Priests in World War II. Lawrence, Kansas: University Press of Kansas. ISBN 0-7006-0814-1
- O'Brien, Steve. Blackrobe in Blue: The Naval Chaplaincy of John P. Foley, S.J. 1942-1946 (see external link, below)
- O'Rahilly, Alfred. The Padre of Trench Street (about Jesuit Father William Doyle). ISBN 1-905363-15-X
- O'Malley, Mark Francis. An History of the Development of Catholic Military Chaplaincy in the United States. Gregorian University, 2009 (dissertation).
- Internet
- Boyle, Maureen (October 28, 2011). "Priests in Uniform: Twice Called to Serve: A growing number of men bravely fill a crucial need as Catholic military chaplains". Columbia. Knights of Columbus. Retrieved November 5, 2011.
- O'Neill, Eddie (November 7, 2010). "Keeping faith alive on the front line: Ministry hopes MP3 players with spiritual content strike chord with troops". Our Sunday Visitor newsweekly. Retrieved November 3, 2010.
- Weatherbe, Steve (September 20, 2010). "Spiritual Sustenance: New Organization Feeds Sacramentally Starved Troops". National Catholic Register (print edition). Retrieved September 25, 2010.
- O'Neill, Eddie (February 7, 2010). "In the face of weakness, strength in the Spirit: Diagnosed with the terminal illness commonly known as Lou Gehrig's disease, one priest shares his experience and understanding of suffering". Our Sunday Visitor. Retrieved November 3, 2010.. Fr. Dan Farley is a fifteen-year veteran of the U.S. Army chaplain corps. He retired as a chaplain and returned to St. Maximilian Kolbe Parish in Portage County, Wisconsin, in the Diocese of La Crosse, in June 2009.
- Daigle, Fr. David, "Snapshot of a shipmate: LTJG Philip Johnson", Catholic News Agency, Washington D.C., June 21, 2008. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
- "Vicar General for the Diocese of Fargo to return to active duty", Catholic News Agency, Fargo, N.D., February 11, 2008. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
- "Chaplains are entrusted with spreading Gospel of peace in military, Pope says", Catholic News Agency, Vancouver, Canada, October 26, 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
- "Colombian priest to provide chaplain services to Hispanic US troops in Iraq", Catholic News Agency, Orlando, Fla., June 8, 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-13.
External links
- Archdiocese for the Military Services, USA, official website
- Archdiocese for the Military Services of the United States. GCatholic.org
- Military Ordinariate of United States of America, Military. David M. Cheney (Catholic-Hierarchy.org)
- Mission Capodanno website (Catholics in the Military; serving personnel, chaplains and families of those in the U.S. military)
- Global Catholic Statistics: 1905 and Today by Albert J. Fritsch, SJ, PhD
- Organizational Profile – National Center for Charitable Statistics (Urban Institute)
- American military chaplains
- Catholic Church in Washington, D.C.
- Religion in the United States military
- United States military chaplaincy
- United States military support organizations
- Military ordinariates
- Roman Catholic dioceses in the United States
- Roman Catholic dioceses and prelatures established in the 20th century
- Christian organizations established in 1957
- 1957 establishments in the United States