Kosmos 133
_drawing.png) Soyuz 7K-OK(A) spacecraft with an active docking unit. | |
| Mission type | Uncrewed spacecraft |
|---|---|
| Operator | OKB-1 |
| COSPAR ID | 1966-107A |
| SATCAT no. | 02601 |
| Mission duration | 1 day, 23 hours and 19 minutes |
| Spacecraft properties | |
| Spacecraft | Soyuz 7K-OK No.2 |
| Spacecraft type | Soyuz 7K-OK |
| Manufacturer | OKB-1 |
| Launch mass | 6450 kg [1] |
| Start of mission | |
| Launch date | 28 November 1966 11:02:00 GMT [2] |
| Rocket | Soyuz 11A511 s/n U15000-02 |
| Launch site | Baikonour, Site 31/6 |
| Contractor | OKB-1 |
| End of mission | |
| Disposal | Exploded: on the self-destruct command of ground |
| Landing date | 30 November 1966, 10:21 GMT |
| Orbital parameters | |
| Reference system | Geocentric [2] |
| Regime | Low Earth |
| Perigee altitude | 171 km |
| Apogee altitude | 223 km |
| Inclination | 51.9° |
| Period | 88.4 minutes |
| Epoch | 28 November 1966 |
Kosmos 133 (Template:Lang-ru, meaning "Cosmos 133"), Soyuz 7K-OK No.2, was the first uncrewed test flight of the Soyuz spacecraft, and first mission of the Soyuz programme, as part of the Soviet space programme.
Launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome aboard the maiden flight of the Soyuz 11A511 s/n U15000-02 [3] carrier rocket, Kosmos 133 was planned "all up" test, to include an automated docking with a second Soyuz (Soyuz 7K-OK No.1), which was scheduled for launch the day after Kosmos 133.
Kosmos 133 was operated in a low Earth orbit, at an epoch of 28 November 1966, it had a perigee of 171 kilometres (106 mi), an apogee of 223 kilometres (139 mi), an inclination of 51.9°, and an orbital period of 88.4 minutes.[2]
Problems found during ground testing of the second spacecraft resulted in its launch being delayed, and it was destroyed when its carrier rocket exploded on its launch pad following a scrubbed launch attempt in December. Before this, the attitude control system of Kosmos 133 malfunctioned, resulting in rapid consumption of orientation fuel, leaving it spinning at 2 rpm. After large efforts by ground control and 5 attempts at retrofire over two days, the craft was finally coming down for a landing. Due to the inaccuracy of the reentry burn, it was determined that the capsule would land in China. The self-destruct command was given and the satellite exploded 30 November 1966 at 10:21 GMT.[1]
The fireball passed over west Japan and was recorded by photos and a sketch. Kōichirō Tomita identified that it was the Kosmos 133 spacecraft (30 November 1966).[4]
References
- ^ a b "Cosmos 133: Display 1966-107A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.
- ^ a b c "Cosmos 133: Trajectory 1966-107A". nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov. NASA. 27 February 2020. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ^ McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch Log". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
- ^ 加茂昭, Kamo, Akira (2012). 空とぶマネキン人形 [Flying Mannequin Doll / Mannequin Cosmonaut]. Japan: Seikosha 星湖舎. ISBN 9784863720275.
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Uncrewed missions are designated as Kosmos instead of Soyuz; exceptions are noted "(uncrewed)". The † sign designates failed missions. Italics designates cancelled missions. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||