Timeline of Bucharest
The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Bucharest, Romania.
Prior to 19th century
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- 1459 – Bucharest chartered by Drăculeşti Vlad III, Prince of Wallachia.[1]
- 1559 - Old Court Church built by Mircea Ciobanul
- 1587 – Mărcuța Church built.
- 1633 – Bucharest Bărăția (church) built.
- 1658 – Metropolitan Church consecrated.
- 1667 – Slobozia Church built.
- 1688 – Romanian-language Bucharest Bible published.
- 1692 – Podul Mogoșoaiei paved with wood.
- 1694 – Princely Academy of Bucharest founded.
- 1698 – Capital of Wallachia relocated to Bucharest from Târgoviște.[citation needed]
- 1702 – Mogoşoaia Palace built near city.
- 1715 – Antim Monastery built.
- 1722 – Kretzulescu Church built.[citation needed]
- 1724 – Stavropoleos Church built.[2]
- 1739 – Gabroveni Inn built.
- 1757 – Lutheran church established.[3]
- 1769 – City taken by Russians.[4]
- 1789 – City taken by Austrians.[4]
19th century
- 1808 – Manuc's Inn built.
- 1812 – 28 May: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1812).[5][6]
- 1813 – Plague.[7]
- 1821 – Greek uprising.[3]
- 1828 – City taken by Russians.[3]
- 1847
- Great Fire of Bucharest.[3]
- Cișmigiu Gardens inaugurated.
- 1848
- 1852
- Grand Theatre inaugurated.[8]
- Casa Capșa confectionery in business.
- 1853
- 1856 – Austrian occupation ends.[4]
- 1857 – Street lighting installed.[9]
- 1858 – Bellu cemetery in use.
- 1861 – City becomes capital of Romania.[10]
- 1862 – Orphanage founded.[3]
- 1863 – Music and Drama Conservatory established.
- 1864
- University of Bucharest,[11] School of Bridges and Roads, Mines and Architecture,[12] and National Museum of Antiquities[13] founded.
- Barbu Vlădoianu becomes mayor.
- 1865 - 1865 flooding of Bucharest
- 1866 – Romanian Academy founded.
- 1867
- Templul Coral (synagogue) built.[14]
- Population: 141,754.[3]
- 1871 – Societatea Română de Tramvaiuri (tram society) established.
- 1872 – Gara Târgoviștei (railway station) built.
- 1880 – Bukarester Tagblatt German-language newspaper begins publication.[15]
- 1883
- Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Bucharest established.
- Orient Express (Paris-Bucharest) begins operating.[1]
- 1884 – Doamna Balasa church built.[2]
- 1886
- Romanian Philharmonic Society founded.
- Capșa Hotel in business.
- City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1886).
- 1888
- Romanian Athenaeum built.
- Pache Protopopescu becomes mayor.[16]
- Piața Rosetti laid out.[citation needed]
- 1890 – League for the Cultural Unity of All Romanians founded.
- 1891 – Bucharest Botanical Garden opens.
- 1894
- Electric tram begins operating.
- Central School for Girls built.[17]
- 1895 – Central University Library of Bucharest established.[18]
- 1900
20th century
- 1906 – Bucharest Jubilee Exhibition held.[17]
- 1909 – Bucharest Russian Church built.
- 1912 – Military Circle built.[1]
- 1913 – City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1913).
- 1914 – Anglican Church (Bucharest) built.
- 1916
- 6 December: German occupation of city begins.[10][19]
- August: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1916).
- 1918
- German occupation of city ends.[10]
- May: City hosts signing of the Treaty of Bucharest (1918).
- 1925 – Dramă şi Comedie (theatre troupe) active.
- 1929 – Dem I. Dobrescu becomes mayor.
- 1930 – Italian Church built.
- 1931 – Scînteia newspaper begins publication.
- 1933
- 1936
- Herăstrău Park opens.
- Arcul de Triumf erected on Kiseleff Road.
- Dimitrie Gusti National Village Museum in Bucharest established.
- 1937
- 1938 – Cașin Church built.
- 1940
- Political unrest.[10]
- Germans in power.[13]
- November: 1940 Vrancea earthquake.[21]
- 1941 – January: Legionnaires' rebellion and Bucharest pogrom.
- 1944
- Bombing of Bucharest in World War II begins.
- 31 August: City occupied by Russian forces.[10]
- Geography Institute founded.[22]
- 1945 – Bombing of Bucharest in World War II ends.
- 1946 – Textile school founded.[13]
- 1947 – City becomes capital of the newly formed Romanian People's Republic.
- 1948
- Information Bureau of the Communist and Workers' Parties headquarters relocated to Bucharest from Belgrade, Yugoslavia.[13]
- City streets renamed.[23]
- Population: 886,110; metro 1,041,807.[13]
- 1952 – Băneasa Airport terminal opens.
- 1953
- August: City hosts 4th World Festival of Youth and Students.
- National Stadium opens.
- 1956
- 1958
- World Festival of Puppet Theatres held.[24]
- George Enescu Festival of music begins.[25]
- 1959
- Basarab railway station built.
- 500th anniversary of city founding.[26]
- 1964 - Population: 1,239,458 city; 1,372,130 urban agglomeration.[27]
- 1970 – Otopeni Airport terminal built.
- 1971 – St. Elefterie Church consecrated.
- 1976
- Unirea Shopping Center opens.
- Ion Dincă becomes mayor.
- 1977
- March: 1977 Vrancea earthquake.[28]
- Population: 1,807,044 city; 1,934,025 urban agglomeration.[29]
- 1979
- Bucharest Metro begins operating.
- Piața Unirii metro station opens.
- 1981 – Republica metro station opens.
- 1985
- Victory of Socialism Boulevard laid out.[30]
- Palace of the People construction begins.[30]
- 1989
- December: Romanian Revolution.
- 21 December: Ceaușescu's final speech takes place at Palace Square.
- 22 December: Ceaușescu flees city.[31]
- Adevărul newspaper in publication.[15]
- 1990
- April: Golaniad protest begins.
- June 1990 Mineriad protest.[32]
- 1993 – Basarab metro station opens.
- 1994 – Coat of arms of Bucharest re-adopted.
- 1996 – Victor Ciorbea becomes mayor.
- 1997 – Palace of the Parliament built.
- 2000
- Pavilion Unicredit (art centre) established.[33]
- Traian Băsescu becomes mayor.
- Centre for Defence and Security Strategic Studies headquartered in city.[34]
21st century
- 2002
- Bamboo Club (nightclub) opens.
- Chamber of Commerce and Industry of Romania building constructed.
- 2005
- Bucharest Biennale begins.
- Adriean Videanu becomes mayor.
- 2007 – January: Romania becomes part of the European Union.
- 2008
- Sorin Oprescu becomes mayor.
- April: City hosts NATO summit.
- 1st Infantry Division (Romania) headquartered in Bucharest.
- 2009 – City Gate Towers built.
- 2010
- May: Economic protest.[28]
- Nusco Tower built.
- 2011
- Basarab Overpass opens.
- National Stadium rebuilt.
- Population: 1,883,425; metro 2,272,163.
- 2012
- 5 March: 2012 Bucharest hair salon shooting.
- 2012 Romanian protests.[35][36]
- National Library of Romania new building opens.
- 2013
- Dinamo Polyvalent Hall (arena) opens.
- Floreasca City Center built.
- 2015
- Colectiv nightclub fire kills at least 26 people; deadliest-ever nightclub fire in Romania and one of the deadliest incidents in the city and the country since the end of the civil war in 1989
See also
References
- ^ a b c d Verona 2007.
- ^ a b Baedeker 1911.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Ripley 1879.
- ^ a b c d e f Townsend 1867.
- ^ Haydn 1910.
- ^ Brill 1913.
- ^ a b Britannica 1910.
- ^ Florin Muresanu and Monica Muresanu (2013). "Cannibal architecture hates BANANAs: post-Communist rebranding of historical sites". In Stephan Sonnenburg and Laura Baker (ed.). Branded Spaces: Experience Enactments and Entanglements. Springer. p. 229+. ISBN 978-3-658-01561-9.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ Danta 1993.
- ^ a b c d e Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Springfield, Massachusetts, USA: G. & C. Merriam Co., 1960, p. 166, OL 5812502M
- ^ Robert G. Carlton (1965). "Centenary of the University of Bucharest". Quarterly Journal of the Library of Congress. 22 (3). USA: 265–269. JSTOR 29781178.
- ^ Machedon 1999.
- ^ a b c d e f Leon E. Seltzer, ed. (1952), Columbia Lippincott Gazetteer of the World, New York: Columbia University Press, p. 282, OL 6112221M
- ^ "Bucharest". Yivo Institute for Jewish Research. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|encyclopedia=ignored (help) - ^ a b "Global Resources Network". Chicago, USA: Center for Research Libraries. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ Corneliu Diaconovich [in Romanian], ed. (1904). Enciclopedia Română [Romanian Encyclopedia] (in Romanian). Vol. 3. Sibiiu: W. Krafft.
- ^ a b Shona Kallestrup (2002). "Romanian 'National Style' and the 1906 Bucharest Jubilee Exhibition". Journal of Design History. 15 (3): 147–162. doi:10.1093/jdh/15.3.147. JSTOR 3527076.
- ^ "Romania". Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science. Vol. 26. NY: Dekker. 1979. ISBN 978-0-8247-2026-1.
- ^ Stephen Pope; Elizabeth-Anne Wheal (1995). "Select Chronology". Dictionary of the First World War. Macmillan. ISBN 978-0-85052-979-1.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - ^ "Movie Theaters in Bucharest, Romania". CinemaTreasures.org. Los Angeles: Cinema Treasures LLC. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ New York Times, 11 November 1940
- ^ David Turnock (1994). "Geographical Research in Romania: The Fiftieth Anniversary of the Bucharest Geography Institute". GeoJournal. 34 (4): 514. JSTOR 41146344.
- ^ Light 2002.
- ^ Don Rubin; et al., eds. (1994). World Encyclopedia of Contemporary Theatre: Europe. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-40289-0.
- ^ "European Festivals Association". Gent, Belgium. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ "Rumania Capital is 500 Years Old", New York Times, 5 June 1959
- ^ "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". Demographic Yearbook 1965. New York: Statistical Office of the United Nations. 1966.
Bucuresti
- ^ a b "Romania Profile: Timeline". BBC News. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Statistical Office (1987). "Population of capital cities and cities of 100,000 and more inhabitants". 1985 Demographic Yearbook. New York. pp. 247–289.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ a b Vachon 1993.
- ^ "Ceausescu flees a revolt in Rumania". New York Times. 23 December 1989.
- ^ "Romanian Miners Invade Bucharest". New York Times. 15 June 1990.
- ^ "Romania". Art Spaces Directory. New York: New Museum. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ "Think Tank Directory". Philadelphia, USA: Foreign Policy Research Institute. Archived from the original on 10 November 2013. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ "Global Nonviolent Action Database". Pennsylvania, USA: Swarthmore College. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica Book of the Year. 2013. ISBN 978-1-62513-103-4.
This article incorporates information from the German Wikipedia and Romanian Wikipedia.
Bibliography
Published in 19th century
- David Brewster, ed. (1830). "Bucharest". Edinburgh Encyclopaedia. Edinburgh: William Blackwood.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - John Thomson (1845), "Bucharest", New Universal Gazetteer and Geographical Dictionary, London: H.G. Bohn
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Bucharest", A Handbook for Travellers in Turkey (3rd ed.), London: J. Murray, 1854, OCLC 2145740
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "From Pera to Bucharest". Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine. 81 (496). 1857.
- Charles Knight, ed. (1866). "Buchorest". Geography. English Cyclopaedia. Vol. 2. London: Bradbury, Evans, & Co.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - George Henry Townsend (1867), "Bucharest", Manual of Dates (2nd ed.), London: Frederick Warne & Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Florence K. Berger (1877), "Bucharest", A Winter in the City of Pleasure, London: R. Bentley & Son, OCLC 4538535
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - George Ripley; Charles A. Dana, eds. (1879). "Bucharest". American Cyclopedia (2nd ed.). New York: D. Appleton and Company.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Archibald Wilberforce (1893). "Bucharest". Capitals of the Globe. NY: Peter Fenelon Collier.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - I.S. Floru (1896). "Bucuresci". In Corneliu Diaconovich [in Romanian] (ed.). Enciclopedia Română [Romanian Encyclopedia] (in Romanian). Vol. 1. Sibiiu: W. Krafft. pp. 606–619.
{{cite book}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)
Published in 20th century
- "Bucharest", Chambers's Encyclopaedia, London: W. & R. Chambers, 1901
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Bukarest", Türkei, Rumänien, Serbien, Bulgarien [Turkey, Romania, Serbia, Bulgaria], Meyers Reisebücher (in German) (6th ed.), Leipzig: Bibliographisches Institut, 1902
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Bucharest", Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.), New York, 1910, OCLC 14782424 – via Internet Archive
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Bucharest", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co.
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Bucharest", Austria-Hungary, with Excursions to Cetinje, Belgrade, and Bucharest (11th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1911
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - "Bucharest". Encyclopaedia of Islam. E.J. Brill. 1913.
- Winifred Gordon (1918), "Latin Oasis", Roumania, London: John Lane
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Paul Morand (1935), Bucarest (in French), Paris: Plon, OCLC 3510578
- Darrick Danta (1993). "Ceausescu's Bucharest". Geographical Review. 83 (2): 170–182. doi:10.2307/215255. JSTOR 215255.
- Michael Vachon (1993). "Bucharest: The House of the People". World Policy Journal. 10 (4): 59–63. JSTOR 40209336.
- "Romania: Bucharest", Eastern and Central Europe (17th ed.), Fodor's, 1996, OL 7697674M
{{citation}}: External link in|chapterurl=|chapterurl=ignored (|chapter-url=suggested) (help) - Luminita Machedon; Ernie Scoffham (1999). Romanian Modernism: The Architecture of Bucharest 1920-1940. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-13348-7.
Published in 21st century
- Duncan Light; et al. (2002). "Toponymy and the Communist city: Street names in Bucharest, 1948-1965". GeoJournal. 56 (2): 135–144. doi:10.1023/A:1022469601470. JSTOR 41147676.
- Roxana Verona (2007). "Bucharest at the Crossroads". PMLA. 122 (1): 275–280. doi:10.1632/pmla.2007.122.1.275. JSTOR 25501688.
- Laurențiu Rădvan [in Romanian] (2010), "Towns in Wallachia: Bucharest", At Europe's Borders: Medieval Towns in the Romanian Principalities, Translated by Valentin Cîrdei, Leiden: Brill, p. 255+, ISBN 9789004180109
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to History of Bucharest.
- Map of Bucharest, 1980
- Europeana. Items related to Bucharest, various dates.
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