Gunjala Gondi script
| Gunjala Gondi Lipi | |
|---|---|
| File:Gondi Lipi.png "Gondi Lipi" written in Gunjala Gondi script | |
| Script type | |
Time period | c. 1750-Present |
| Direction | Left-to-right  |
| Languages | Gondi |
| Related scripts | |
Parent systems | |
Sister systems | Unknown, thought to be similar to Devanagari and Modi |
[a] The Semitic origin of the Brahmic scripts is not universally agreed upon. [b] The exact lineage of the Gunjala Gondi script is a subject of ongoing research, and no lineage has yet been officiated by linguistic authorities. | |
The Gunjala Gondi lipi or Gunjala Gondi script is a recently[when?] discovered script used to write the Gondi language, a Dravidian language spoken by the Gond people of northern Telangana, eastern Maharashtra, southeastern Madhya Pradesh, and Chhattisgarh. Approximately a dozen manuscripts in the script were recovered from Gunjala, a Gond village in Adilabad district of Telangana by a team of researchers from the University of Hyderabad, led by Professor Jayadheer Tirumala Rao.[1] The script and preliminary font were unveiled in early 2014.[2]
History of Manuscripts
The manuscripts have been dated to approximately 1750, based on knowledge from Gondi pundits and researchers at the Center of Dalit and Adivasi Studies and Translation (CDAST).[3] The information contained in the manuscripts includes that of the names of the months and days, a horoscope chart, grammar, and numbers. Additionally, manuscripts were found on "knowledge of the seasons, history, and the Gondi code of ethics and literature." Of the historical information that has been discovered, the following cases have been reported: the 6th-7th century trade relationship between the Pardhan community and civilizations in Myanmar; the origins of the Indravelli mandal; the early eighteenth century rebellions of the Chandrapur Gond kings against the British, with the support of the Rohilla community, all of this among other pieces of information.
Characters
The characters themselves, while bearing resemblance to similar phonemes found in other Indian scripts, are in a different, "native" order, as the script starts with the letter "ya" instead of the traditional "ka" for other Indian scripts. The script includes 12 vowels and 25 consonants.[4]
Response to Discovery, Education, and Spread
The script has seen a very welcoming response by the various government agencies in Andhra Pradesh, at the national level, and local agencies in the region.[5] The existence of the manuscripts has allegedly been known for 5–9 years, but were not prioritized until 2013, when Prof. Jayadheer Tirumala Rao discovered that only four elders in the village were still able to read the script. Currently, approximately eighty students are able to read the script, with students devising stories and elder Kotnak Jangu writing an autobiography. Plans are in place for the expansion of the script to fifteen other government schools in villages with a high Gond population. A reader for the script in Telugu was released for Standard I students.[6] Efforts are being undertaken to get the script into the Unicode Standard. In 2015, a Unicode proposal was written by Anshuman Pandey from the Department of Linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley. The proposal was approved by the Unicode Technical Committee in November 2015.[7]
References
- ^ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/andhra-pradesh/chance-discovery-of-gondi-script-opens-new-vistas-of-tribal-culture/article4359780.ece
- ^ http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Hyderabad/gondi-script-and-font-unveiled/article5714329.ece
- ^ http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/gondi-manuscript-translation-to-reveal-gondwana-history/article5594658.ece
- ^ http://www.typoday.in/spk_papers14/sridhar-typo14.pdf
- ^ http://www.newindianexpress.com/education/edex/He-Gave-Colour-to-a-Fading-Script/2014/04/21/article2170394.ece
- ^ http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/telugu-reader-for-gondi-language-released/article5625582.ece
- ^ "UTC 145 Draft Minutes". www.unicode.org. Retrieved 2016-04-27.