Sport in Kosovo
Sport in Kosovo has a long tradition and plays a prominent role in the society. Popular sports in Kosovo are among others football, basketball, volleyball, handball, and wrestling. Whereas, major individual sports include wrestling, judo, swimming, boxing, karate and skiing.
Whereas, individual sports are the ones who brought Kosovo's biggest successes. The outstanding wrestlers and boxers such as Aziz Salihu, Mehmet Bogujevci, Sami Buzolli, Majlinda Kelmendi and Nora Gjakova have brought medals from major international competitions. Some of the federations that are part of the international associations are Kosovo Taekwondo Federation, Boxing Federation, Handball Federation, Judo Federation, and Kosovo Ski Federation. Nevertheless, athletes who were born and raised in European countries, had the opportunity to be successful in the international area. The boxer Luan Krasniqi, who appeared under the German flag, has achieved many success among others by winning the European Championship title.
Association football
The most popular sport in Kosovo, football was first codified in 1946. The playing of football in Kosovo is documented since at least 1914. However, only in 1922 were formed the two first football clubs FC Gjakova and FC Prishtina. During the years 1945 until 1991 the football in the former Yugoslavia was advancing so fast that in 1946 it was formed even the Football Federation of Kosovo, as a subsidiary of the Football Federation of Yugoslavia. The most successful team from Kosovo in the first league of Yugoslavia was FC Prishtina, while KF Trepça was part of the league for one year. Though, in 1991 was first found the Football Federation of Kosovo after all football players from Kosovo were banned from the First League in Yugoslavia. The first game was held in the stadium of KF Flamurtari on September 13, 1991 in Prishtina which marked in the same time the start of the first independent championship in Kosovo. The governing body in Kosovo is mainly responsible for national team and for the most main cup competitions.[1]
Currently, Kosovo has a football league system which incorporates a lot of clubs. The top division, the Raiffeisen Super League has 12 teams.[2] The league was found in 1945 and it is organized by the Football Federation of Kosovo.[1] The other three professional division are the first league that includes 16 teams, and the second and third league. There are also semi-professional and amateur football clubs that are active as well. The main Cup competition in Kosovo is the Republic of Kosovo Cup, which is open to every men's football team that are part of the Football Federation of Kosovo. The most successful clubs are FC Prishtina (14 championship titles), KF Vëllaznimi (8 championship titles), KF Trepça (7 championship titles), KF Liria (5 championship titles), and KF Besa (3 championship titles).[3]
The two main clubs in football are FC Prishtina and KF Trepça who have achieved great success in football so far. The football Club Prishtina FC was founded in 1922, while KF Trepça was founded ten years later in 1932. KF Trepça was part of the 1976-77 championship in the former Yugoslavia League in Football. One year later they reached a huge success since they were able to play in the final for the former Yugoslavia Cup. FC Prishtina became the first member of the League in 1983, and it achieved the biggest victory after they beat Red Star in Belgrade. During this time Fadil Vokrri has impressed all by his talent as it was part of so-called “Golden Generation” of Prishtina.
Some football clubs, especially from North Kosovo, refuse to enter the Republic of Kosovo's institutions and they are still part of Football Association of Serbia. In Serbian Zone League, fourth football league are two sections with clubs from Kosovo: Morava Zone League and League of North Kosovo. At the end of the seasons the top club will be promoted to Serbian League level.
Three football players born in Kosovo (Milutin Šoškić, Fahrudin Jusufi, Vladimir Durković) was part of Yugoslavia national football team, who won gold medal at the 1960 Summer Olympics and silver medal at the 1960 European Championship. Stevan Stojanović from Kosovo, who played for Yugoslavia was part of Red Star Belgrade and they won 1990–91 European Cup. Nowadays, in many European teams there are players from Kosovo how had the opportunity to show their talents and values. Thus, Lorik Cana was the captain of Olympique de Marseille and Sunderland A.F.C, while Valon Behrami who played for West Ham United F.C., and currently is playing for Watford FC. There are other players who had the opportunity to play for European Football Teams such as Xherdan Shaqiri, who plays as a midfielder for Stoke City and for the Switzerland national football team.[4]
Nowadays, the Kosovo Football Federation is preparing for the first national friendly match against Haiti. Kosovo's national football team will play their first official friendly match in the northern city of Mitrovica on March 5. The friendly match against Haiti will be Kosovo's first match after FIFA gave the permission to play friendly matches on 13 January 2014.[5][6]
In May 2016, Kosovo became the 55th member of UEFA and the 210th member of FIFA.[7][8]
Basketball
Basketball is one of the most popular sports in Kosovo. The first championship was held in 1991 with the participation of eight teams. The first champion was KB Prishtina. The Basketball Federation of Kosovo was accepted as a full member of FIBA on 13 March 2015.[9] Notable players born in Kosovo who played for very successful Yugoslavia and Serbia national teams include Zyfer Avdiu, Marko Simonović, Dejan Musli. Some of them are continued to competing for Serbia after recognition of Kosovo from FIBA.
Since 2013 two teams from Kosovo KB Sigal Prishtina and KB Peja are participating in Balkan International Basketball League (BIBL-Balkan International Basketball League).[10] Kosovo Basketball Federation organizes competitions in different categories for men and women. Major league of basketball called ETC Super league following, first league, junior's league, cadet's league and pioneer's league. Also part of competitions of Kosovo Basketball Federation is Cup of Kosovo. Current winner is Peja[11] Participating teams in ETC Super league are : Sigal Prishtina, Peja, Trepça, Bashkimi, Drita, Besa, RTV 21, Kastrioti.[12] The current champion is Sigal Prishtina.[13]
One of the most famous club in basketball was called Elektricisti as they were part of the second division of the former Yugoslavia, while Zyfer Avdiu, a basketball player of the Eleketricisti has played for the basketball national team of Yugoslavia when they were part of European Basketball League. Women's competition has been much more successful as team Universititi was ranked among the best teams.
Judo
Judo is a martial sport that brought Kosovo its first gold medal. The organization of games between the clubs is controlled by the Judo Federation of Kosovo. The Kosovo Judo Federation was accepted in 2012 as a full member of the International Judo Federation.[14] Presently, there are 12 clubs active from different cites of Kosovo. The number of participants from all the clubs is 750 Males and 250 Females. Whereas the number of active coaches is 25.[15]
The most successful one is Driton Kuka who was a champion for many years. He won the bronze medal at the European Championship in 1990, and the World Cup in Hungary in 1991. Nowadays, Driton Kuka is the coach of the Majlinda Kelmendi, a judoka from Pejë the represents Kosovo in all competition in judo.[16] Majlinda Kelmendi who won the gold medal at the 2009 World Junior Championships in Paris, France.[17] She finished the fifth in the 2010 World Junior Championships in Morocco, and ninth in the 52 category at the 2010 World Judo Championships in Tokyo, Japan.[18] However, she was not allowed to represent Kosovo at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London due to the resistance of International Olympic Committee and the United Nations. Majlinda Kelmendi gave Kosovo the first judo world title on 27 August 2013, as she beat Erika Miranda, a Brazilian judoka in the 52 kilograms gold medal match in Rio de Janeiro. In 2013, she was ranked first in the international rankings by the International Judo Federation in the 52 kg category.[19]
Nora Gjakova won first medal for Kosovo at the European Games, when she earned bronze in 57 kg category.
Handball
First big handball teams were formed during 1948 as Milicionar (Milicionari), Jedinstvo Đakovica (Jedinstvo e Gjakovës), Budućnost Peć (Buduçnosti i Pejës), Trepča Mitrovica (Trepça e Mitrovicës), Kosovo (Kosova), Priština (Prishtinës), etc. While small handball (today's handball) was introduced during 1950–1951. Handball teams did succeed to join the first and second leagues of the former Yugoslavia, that time (1970–1980) was among the strongest leagues in the world.
From 13 to 23 October 1979 in Kosovo was held women’s World Junior Championships “Kosova ‘79”. The participants were: Austria, USSR, Denmark, France, the Netherlands, Hungary, Italy, Japan, Yugoslavia, Norway, DR Germany, FR Germany and United States.[20]
Teams such as Borci, Prishtina and Trepca reached to play in the first league of the former Yugoslavia. Some of the players that played for the Yugoslav national team were Aziz Makiqi, Hasan Bajrami, and Tahir Sojeva.
After the Kosovo War, many attempts were made for the internationalization of handball however this did not happen until December 18, 2004 when Kosovo handball federation was accepted in the European handball federation with conditional rights. After that year, Kosovo’s teams such as KH Prishtina, KH Besa Famiglia and KH Kastrioti participated in European competitions.[21] The greatest success so far was achieved in Cell Cup tournament in Hungary in 2013, where the Kosovo U18 team took second place in a competition with teams from across Europe.[22]
Nowadays in Kosovo exists handball super league (major league), cup of Kosovo, first league, junior’s league, cadet’s league in both categories women and man. Another part of Kosovo Handball Federation is beach handball. Participating clubs in super league are: Besa Famiglia, Prishtina, Kosova, Kastrioti, Zhegra, Drenica, Vëllaznimi, Trepça, Samadrexha, Llapi, Drita. The 2014 champion was KH Prishtina.[23]
Volleyball
Volleyball another sport that is played by hand, first appeared in Kosovo in 1936 in the high schools of cities like: Prishtinë, Pejë, Prizren etc. The first championship was held in Pristina on October 24 to 26 1948, six teams participated as: Proleteri, Buduçnosti, Trepça, Borac, Metohia, Brastvo. During 1966–1967, four teams from Kosovo took part in the second division of the league of former Yugoslavia. In 1990 KV Prishtina-Elektroekonomia took part in qualification to enter the first division of the former Yugoslavia but did not succeed. First League of Women was organized in 1975. Universiteti from Prishtina was the first team of women who took part in the second division league of Yugoslavia.[24] Now volleyball federation of Kosovo organizes competitions in the category of women and men. Major league called Superleague of Kosovo then come cup of Kosovo, the first league and junior's league. Also part of the Volleyball Federation of Kosovo are competitions : Cup of Kosovo and beach volley. Teams participating in Super league of Kosovo are: Theranda, KV Drenica, KV R&Rukolli, KV Besa, KV Luboteni, KV Ferizaji.[25] The current champion is KV Luboteni.[26]
Athletics
Athletics is a sport that includes running, walking, jumping, and throwing and is evidenced since the Illyrian period. Athletics Federation of Kosovo is an association of athletes and their clubs that organize sports competitions in the discipline of athletics in Kosovo.[27] Athletics Federation of Kosovo was founded on 25 September 1991, Prishtine. Some of the main responsibilities for the federation are to promote athletics in Kosovo, lead the development of athletics, coordinate the progress of the quality of athletics, and to adapt and implement short and long curriculum development in athletics.[28] This association would not be so successful without the important achievement from their respective clubs. There are 13 active clubs, but the most successful ones are Atberia, Besa, Juniku, Llapi, Prishtina, Prizreni, and Trepca.[29] From 25 clubs there are 196 males registered and 125 females registered assembling a total of 330 active athletics in Kosovo.[30] Among many other activates, the ones in which athletics from their respective clubs were part recently are "Krosi i Bardhe" in Prishtina, "Vrapimi i Paversise" in Junik, "Pranvera Studentore" in Gjilan, and "Kampionati i Kosoves ne Kros" in Prishtina. Currently, the association is preparing for the half marathon in Prishtina, one of the most important events that will be held on 11 May 2014.[31]
Sonja Stolić is a middle distance and long-distance runner. She won some medals in international competitions and she competed at the 2000 Summer Olympics as part of Serbia and Montenegro Team.
Chess
Chess, a strategic game played by two players on a square table is a very common sport in Kosovo. Most of the events in chess are organized by the Federation of Chess in Kosovo. Some of the events organized recently by the association are the traditional competition of chess "Java e Minatoreve -89", "Pervjetori i Pavaresis 2014", and "Hyzri Talla 2013". The winners of the competitions are Nderim Saraci, Llambi Pasku, and Naim Sahitaj respectively.[32] The champions mention above are part of the clubs divided by the federation into two categories: The first category is the First League, where some of the clubs are Minatori, NLB Prishtina, Hyzri Talla, Istogu, and Lamkos.[33] Whereas, clubs in the Second League are Ferizaji, Shpeta, Vitia and Shara.[34]
Tennis
Tennis in Kosovo is governed by the Federation of Tennis in Kosovo. Kosovo Tennis Federation, founded in 1992, has 300 active players belonging to different age group. KT Prishtina was founded on the 27 June 1992 and is the oldest club in Kosovo. It has many players who are ranked pretty high in the Kosovo rankings list and it has its own tennis school and many coaches. The club consists of 230 members, 55% of which are females. Whereas, KT Trepca was founded on 15 July 2003, as it has its own tennis school which consists of 47 students. The main objectives of the association is to group the teams and organized games between the clubs.[35] Presently, there are 10 clubs such as KT Prishtina, KT DielliX, KT Trepca, and KT Rahoveci.[36] The federation is officially accepted in the International Tennis Federations (ITF) as the players from Kosovo are permitted to play in international games under the banner of ITF.[37] This is a huge step toward the internationalization of tennis. The most famous with the highest participation tourneys are Sporek Open, Dielli Open, Trepca Open, Drenica Open, Prishtina Open and Masters.[38]
Traditional sports
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Albaniada is an event that is aimed to be traditional-gathers together people from all Albanian territories, where young and old people play traditional games and sports the main goal of this event is to 'bring back to life' games and sports that Albanian ancestors have been playing many years ago.[39] Some of the traditional sports are Hats (Kapuça), Measure and Stick (Kut e Kleçkë), Crouch (Guxhas), Ball-on-Horse (top-n-kali), Arm Wrestling (rrëzim i duarve), Bag Hopping (vrapim me thes), Leg Wrestling (rrëzim i këmbëve), Boards (rrasash), Capture the Handkerchief (kapja e shamise), Rope Pull (tërheqja e litarit), Stone Throwing Sideways (gurapesh me dy duar anash), Overhead Stone Throwing (gurapesh prapa), Single-Hand Stone Throwing and Swords (Shpatash).[40] This kind of sports can be played in an indoor environment like Oda or outside.[41]
Sports fan clubs
Kosovan people are known for the support they show for their local teams. There are three big fan clubs: Plisat supporting Pristina, Shqiponjat supporting Peja and Intelektualet supporting Gjilan teams.
Plisat
| Plisat | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1987 |
| Arena | City Stadium (Pristina) |
| Location | Pristina, Kosovo |
| Team colors | White and blue |
This fan club was founded in 1987 from the supporters of FC Prishtina back in that time and got their name by the traditional Albanian cap called Plis. Usually the members of this fan club stand in the east side of the City Stadium (Pristina) while supporting their team in football.[42] They are known also for the public as "the 12th player" of FC Prishtina just from their massive support they do during the game-no matter losing or winning. They have traveled to Cacak in the early 1980s, they have been more than 7000 in Marakana, Beograd in 1983 in the famous victory against Crvena zvezda.
Plisat were supporting the team also before the Kosovo war. After the war ended Plisat started to support also their basketball team and handball teams, then they started to shape their 'support style' cheering their teams in different ways-followed by different choreography in the stands of the city stadium in Prishtina. Plisat these days are the most famous fan club in Kosovo.[43]
Shqiponjat
| Shqiponjat | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1993 |
| Arena | Karagaq Pejë |
| Location | Pejë, Kosovo |
| Team colors | Black and yellow |
Shqiponjat (English:The Eagles) fan club is founded on 13 of December 1993 in Peć. This fan club got their name by the symbol of the Albanian mountains - the Albanian Eagle. They are supporting the Peć teams like in KF Besa in football, KB Peja in basketball and KH Besa in handball.
Intelektualët
| Intelektualët | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 1998 |
| Arena | City Stadium , Gjilan |
| Location | Gjilan, Kosovo |
| Team colors | White and blue |
This fan club got this name (English:The Intellectuals) after the club was founded in 1947 from intellectuals and the society of the city in Gjilan. They support all the 10 clubs that "flow" under the same name 'DRITA'. Mostly this fan club supports the biggest club of Gjilan-the football club Drita in the matches organized in the City Stadium of Gjilan, but the Intellectuals are present cheering also for the teams in basketball, volleyball and handball for both genres.
The colors that characterize this fan club are white and blue, all the clubs that run under the name Drita are "dressed" in white and blue.[44]
About the name of the fan club, there are some theories like the one says that the name came from the good behavior and the well-organized matches in comparison with other clubs at that time in Kosovo. The second theory says that they got the name from the patriotic fractions inside the club-because they used the structures of the club as a camouflage to meet with other patriots to do patriotic movements. The fan clubs existed also early that time but not with an exact name, but after 1998 they were well organized also with names, also the club created subgroups which helped the team and the club with different activities, most powerful subgroups in 2000–2002 were "Holy Blue" and "White and Blue Hooligans". Nowadays, only the subgroup 'Ultras Hyena' and 'East Blue Boys' are active.
Arpagjik't
| Arpagjik't | |
|---|---|
| Founded | 2000 |
| Arena | "Përparim Thaçi" Stadium , Prizren |
| Location | Prizren, Kosovo |
| Team colors | Black and orange |
The fan clubs in Prizren started when the local football club, KF Liria played matches in the second League of the former Yugoslavia, people from the city organized with traditional songs, costumes and traditional dances headed the local stadium that now is called "Përparim Thaçi", just to support their football club at that time.
After the war in Kosovo the appearances started and the fans started to call their selves Arpagjik't. After the first season groups like Arpagjik't and The Panthers merged their forces under the same name - Arpagjik't.
The first flag within the Panthers was the one prepared in 2001, 20 by 7 meters, in which was written "Go Bashkimi, Go Panthers". The first days under the name Arpagjik't were very successful because the fan club distributed over 400 fan membership cards, with whom the fans could watch the matches without paying anything. This was a new era for the ultras in Prizren under one name. The aim of the fan club is to prepare the city stadium and the local indoor arenas in which the local clubs play games, prepare the stands with requisites, flags and club scarfs.
Arpagjik't is one of the biggest fanclubs in the after war era in Kosovo.[45]
Sports venues
Source:[46]
| Rank | Stadium | Capacity | City | Home team |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Olympic Stadium Adem Jashari | 28,500 | Mitrovica | KF Trepça |
| 2 | City Stadium (Pristina) | 16,200 | Pristina | FC Prishtina |
| 3 | Gjilan City Stadium | 15,000 | Gjilan | KF Drita & KF Gjilani |
| 4 | Përparim Thaçi Stadium | 15,000 | Prizren | KF Liria |
| 5 | Riza Lushta Stadium | 12,000 | Mitrovica | KF Trepça'89 |
| 6 | Agron Rama Stadium | 10,000 | Obiliq | KF KEK |
| 7 | Shahin Haxhiislami Stadium | 8,500 | Pejë | KF Besa |
| 8 | City Stadium (Gjakova) | 6,000 | Gjakova | KF Vëllaznimi |
| 9 | Demush Mavraj Stadium | 6,000 | Istok | KF Istogu |
| 10 | Ferki Aliu Stadium | 5,000 | Vushtrri | KF Kosova Vushtrri |
| 11 | Llukar Stadium | 3,000 | Pristina | KF Beselidhja |
| 12 | Ismet Shabani Stadium | 2,000 | Ferizaj | KF Ferizaj |
| 13 | City Stadium (Besianë) | 2,000 | Podujevë | KF Llapi |
| 14 | Merdare Stadium | 2,000 | Podujevë | KF Hysi |
| 15 | Flamurtari Stadium | 2,000 | Prishtina | KF Flamurtari |
| 16 | Bajram Aliu Stadium | 2,000 | Skënderaj | KF Drenica |
International sports membership
For a long time in Kosovo the people have missed international activities, so it has been a vacuum about organizing international sports events and the opportunity to represent the quality of the young athletes of Kosovo in the international level, who would give a positive impact in advancing in the local sport.[47] Kosovo was a part of several international sports federations in the 1990s and has applied to become a member of many more after its 17 February 2008 unilateral declaration of independence from Serbia. Currently Kosovo federations are full members of seven international federations, provisional members of four international federations, associated members of two international federations and members of 1 European federation. On 22 October 2014 the International Olympic Committee announced that it had granted provisional recognition to the Kosovo Olympic Committee and proposed that it be granted full recognition at the IOC Session to be held in December 2014.[48] On 8 December, 2014, Olympic Committee of Kosovo became a full member of International Olympic Committee.[49] The acceptance of Kosovo in the International Olympic Committee can have a significant positive impact in accepting other sport federations in the international level.
Accepted membership applications
The following sports federations have either admitted or have received the application from Republic of Kosovo to be admitted into their membership.
| Entity | Notes | Status | Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| International Olympic Committee (IOC) | Kosovo to compete in Olympics at Rio 2016 after IOC recognition.[50] | Member | 8 December 2014 |
| Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) | Kosovo became the 210th member of FIFA as of May 13, 2016. | Member | 13 May 2016 |
| International Basketball Federation (FIBA) | Kosovo became a full member of the FIBA, March 2015 [51] | Member | 13 March 2015 |
| European Minigolfsport Federation (EMF) | Kosovo became a member of the EMF, April 2012.[52][53] | Member | 20 April 2012 |
| International Archery Federation (FITA) | FITA admitted Kosovo as a full member.[54][55] | Member | 1 July 2011 |
| International Boxing Association (AIBA) | Kosovo became AIBA's 195th federation in July 2012. Full membership status will be confirmed at a future meeting.[56] | Provisional | 9 July 2012 |
| International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles (FILA) | FILA admitted Kosovo as not full member but an associated federation.[57] | Associate | 9 June 2008 |
| European Handball Federation (EHF) | Kosovo became an associated federation of the European Handball Federation in 2004, prior to its declaration of independence with only clubs alloved to compete in EHF cups.,[58] The EHF admitted Kosovo as a full member in September 2014 [59] | Member | 2014 |
| International Judo Federation (IJF) | The IJF admitted Kosovo as a full member.[60][61] | Member | 10 April 2012 |
| International Sailing Federation (ISAF) | The ISAF admitted Kosovo as a full member.[62] | Member | 8 May 2012 |
| International Ski Federation (FIS) | Kosovo has had observer status in the ISF since 2004, prior to DOI.[58][63] | Member | 7 November 2011 |
| International Softball Federation (ISF) | The ISF admitted Kosovo as a full member.[64] | Member | 12 August 2008 |
| International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) | Kosovo became a full member in 2003, prior to its declaration of independence.[58][65] | Member | 21 May 2003 |
| International Weightlifting Federation (IWF) | The IWF admitted Kosovo as a full member.[66][67] | Member | 18 June 2008 |
| World Curling Federation (WCF) | The WCF admitted the Kosovo Curling Federation as a provisional member at its 2012 annual general assembly in Scotland.[68] | Member | 21 October 2012 |
| International Modern Pentathlon Union (UIPM) | The UIPM admitted the Kosovo Pentathlon Union as a full member at its 2013 Annual Congress in Cyprus.[69] | Member | 29 November 2013 |
| Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI) | The UCI admitted the Kosovo Cycling Federation as a provisional member in 2015 following the decision at the 127th International Olympic Committee (IOC) Session in December 2014 to fully recognise the Kosovo Olympic Committee. Provisional membership will enable Kosovo to participate in UCI activities while awaiting a decision on its full membership request which will be considered at the 2015 UCI Congress in September.[70] | Provisional | 30 January 2015 |
| World Taekwondo Federation (WTF) | The WTF admitted the Kosovo Taekwondo Federation at its 2013 Annual Congress.[71] | Provisional | 14 July 2013 |
| Fédération Internationale de Natation (FINA) | Kosovo is the 208th FINA member.[72] | Member | 17 February 2015 |
| Union des Associations Européennes de Football (UEFA) | Kosovo is the 55th UEFA member.[73] | Member | 3 May 2016 |
Kosovar sportspeople
Yugoslavia / Serbia and Montenegro / Serbia
Other countries
See also
- Football Federation of Kosovo
- Kosovo national football team
- Football Superleague of Kosovo
- Kosovo national basketball team
- Basketball Federation of Kosovo
References
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- ^ Began to represent Serbia prior to 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence and continued after
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- ^ Began to represent Serbia prior to 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence and continued after
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