1802–03 United States House of Representatives elections

United States House of Representatives elections, 1802
All 142 seats to the United States House of Representatives ; 72 seats were needed for a majority
Speaker before election; Nathaniel Macon; Democratic-Republican	Elected Speaker ; Nathaniel Macon; Democratic-Republican

Elections to the United States House of Representatives for the 8th Congress were held at various dates in each state, from April 26, 1802 (in New York) to December 14, 1803 (in New Jersey). It was common in the early years of the United Congress for some states to elect representatives to a Congress after it had already convened. In the case of the 8th Congress, the representatives from New Jersey were only elected after its first meeting on October 17, 1803.

The membership of the House increased significantly as a result of population gains revealed in the United States Census of 1800. The greatest growth was in territories that constituted the western regions of the country at the time, a tremendous boost for Democratic-Republican candidates. Nearly all of the new seats created as a result of the Census of 1800 went to Democratic-Republicans, closely aligned as they were with the agrarian interests of Western farmers. As a result, the Democratic-Republicans won the largest proportion of seats that either they or the competing Federalists had ever been able to secure in any earlier Congress, a supermajority greater than two-thirds of the total number.

Election summaries

The 1802 elections were the first elections following reapportionment after the 1800 Census. Thirty-five new seats were added in reapportionment,^[1] with three States having no change in apportionment, and thirteen States gaining between 1 and 7 seats. One further seat was added for the new state of Ohio.^[2]

↓
103	39
Democratic-Republican	Federalist

State	Type	Date	Total seats		Democratic- Republican		Federalist
State	Type	Date	Seats	Change	Seats	Change	Seats	Change
Connecticut	At-large	August 20, 1802	7		0		7
Delaware	At-large	October 5, 1802	1		1	1	0	1
Georgia	At-large	October 4, 1802	4	2	4	2	0
Massachusetts	District	November 1, 1802^{[Note 1]}	17	3	7		10	3
New Hampshire	At-large	August 30, 1802	5	1	0		5	1
New York	District (17)	April 26–29, 1802	17	7	12	6	5	1
Pennsylvania	District (11^{[Note 2]})	October 12, 1802	18	5	18	8	0	3
Rhode Island	At-large	August 31, 1802	2		2		0
Vermont	District (4)	December 13, 1802^{[Note 3]}	4	2	1		3	2
1803 elections
Kentucky	District (6)	August 2, 1803	6	4	6	4	0
Maryland	District (8^{[Note 4]})	January 1, 1803	9	1	6	1	3
New Jersey	At-large	December 14, 1803	6	1	6	1	0
North Carolina	District (12)	August 15, 1803	12	2	11	5	1	3
Ohio^{[Note 5]}	At-large	June 21, 1803	1	1	1	1	0
South Carolina	District (8)	February 3, 1803	8	2	6	3	2	1
Tennessee	At-large	August 5, 1803	3	2	3	2	0
Virginia^{[Note 6]}	District (22)	April, 1803	22	3	18		4	3
Total			142	36	103 72.5%	35	39 27.5%	1

House seats

D-R			72.54%
Federalist			27.46%

The first session of the 8th Congress began October 17, 1803, before New Jersey had elected its Representatives. New Jersey was therefore unrepresented for part of the 1st session of the 8th Congress.

Complete returns

Connecticut

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
Connecticut at-large 7 seats on a general ticket	Benjamin Tallmadge	Federalist	1801 (special)	Re-elected	John Cotton Smith (F) 15.8% Benjamin Tallmadge (F) 13.3% Samuel W. Dana (F) 13.1% Elias Perkins (F) 12.6% Calvin Goddard (F) 12.2% Roger Griswold (F) 11.9% John Davenport (F) 9.7% Simeon Baldwin^{[Note 8]} (F) 7.3% Timothy Pitkin (F) 1.5%
	Elias Perkins	Federalist	1800	Re-elected
	John Cotton Smith	Federalist	1800	Re-elected
	Roger Griswold	Federalist	1794	Re-elected
	Calvin Goddard	Federalist	1801 (special)	Re-elected
	John Davenport	Federalist	1798	Re-elected
	Samuel W. Dana	Federalist	1796	Re-elected

Elias Perkins (F) declined to serve a second term and was replaced by Simeon Baldwin (F)

Delaware

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Delaware at-large	James A. Bayard	Federalist	1796	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain	Caesar A. Rodney (DR) 50.1% James A. Bayard (F) 49.9%

Georgia

Georgia gained 2 seats from the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
Georgia at-large 4 seats on a general ticket	John Milledge	Democratic-Republican	1801 (special)	Re-elected	John Milledge (DR) 21.2% David Meriwether^{[Note 9]} (DR) 20.2% Peter Early^{[Note 9]} (DR) 19.0% Samuel Hammond (DR) 13.2% Joseph Bryan^{[Note 8]} (DR) 11.7% Francis Willis (DR) 8.1% Matthew MacAlister 6.6%
	Previous incumbent Benjamin Taliaferro (DR) resigned May, 1802			Democratic-Republican hold
	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain
	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain

John Milledge (DR) did not serve as he was elected Governor of Georgia in November, 1802, he was replaced in a special election by Joseph Bryan. Samuel Hammond (DR) resigned February 2, 1805 after being appointed Governor of Upper Louisiana Territory, his seat remained vacant for the remainder of the 8th Congress.

Kentucky

Kentucky's representation in Congress increased from 2 seats to 6 after the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Kentucky 1	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Matthew Lyon (DR) 51.0% David Walker (DR) 49.0%
Kentucky 2	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John Boyle^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Kentucky 3	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Matthew Walton^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Kentucky 4	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Thomas Sandford 43.2% (DR) William Henry (DR) 27.5% Richard M. Johnson (DR) 24.9% Joseph H. Daviess (F) 4.4%
Kentucky 5	John Fowler Redistricted from the 2nd district	Democratic-Republican	1796	Re-elected	John Fowler^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Kentucky 6	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	George M. Bedinger (DR) 57.8% Philemon Thomas (DR) 32.0% George Culp (DR) 10.2%

Maryland

Maryland gained 1 seat as a result of the Census of 1800. Rather than increasing the number of districts, however, Maryland made the 5th district a plural district with 2 seats.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
Maryland 1	John Campbell	Federalist	1801	Re-elected	John Campbell (F) 79.5% William Thomas (DR) 20.5%
Maryland 2	Walter Bowie	Democratic-Republican	1802 (special)	Re-elected	Walter Bowie (DR) 99.5% Others 0.5%
Maryland 3	Thomas Plater	Federalist	1801	Re-elected	Thomas Plater (F) 51.9% Patrick Magruder (DR) 41.7% Richard Wooten (F) 6.4%
Maryland 4	Daniel Hiester	Democratic-Republican	1788^{[Note 11]} 1801	Re-elected	Daniel Hiester (DR) 60.0% Eli Williams (F) 40.0%
Maryland 5 Plural district with 2 seats	Samuel Smith	Democratic-Republican	1792	Ran for Senate Democratic-Republican hold	Nicholas R. Moore (DR) 53.8% William McCreery (DR) 38.3% George Buchanan (F) 7.8%
Maryland 5 Plural district with 2 seats	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain
Maryland 6	John Archer	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Archer (DR) 100.0%
Maryland 7	Joseph H. Nicholson	Democratic-Republican	1798 (special)	Re-elected	Joseph H. Nicholson (DR) 99.6% Others 0.4%
Maryland 8	John Dennis	Federalist	1796	Re-elected	John Dennis (F) 94.9% Joshua Prideaux (DR) 3.4% Samuel Heath 1.1% Others 0.7%

Daniel Hiester (DR) of the 4th district died March 7, 1804. A special election was held concurrent with the general election to the 9th Congress electing Roger Nelson (DR) in his place.

Massachusetts

Massachusetts increased its representation in Congress from 14 seats to 17 after the Census of 1800. Two of the new seats were in Massachusetts proper and one was in the District of Maine. Massachusetts electoral law at the time required a majority for election to an office, which requirement was not met in the 6th district, requiring two additional ballots to elect a Representative.

District		Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
District		Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	First ballot	Second ballot	Third ballot
Massachusetts 1 Known as the Suffolk district		William Eustis Redistricted from the 8th district	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	William Eustis (DR) 50.8% John Quincy Adams (F) 49.2%
Massachusetts 2 Known as the Essex South district		None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Jacob Crowninshield (DR) 51.9% Timothy Pickering (F) 48.0%
Massachusetts 3 Known as the Essex North district		Manasseh Cutler Redistricted from the 11th district	Federalist	1801	Re-elected	Manasseh Cutler (F) 75.5% Thomas Kitteridge (DR) 21.4% Others 3.1%
Massachusetts 4 Known as the Middlesex district		Joseph Bradley Varnum Redistricted from the 9th district	Democratic-Republican	1794	Re-elected	Joseph Bradley Varnum (DR) 70.1% Timothy Bigelow (F) 27.7% Samuel Kendall (F) 1.8%
Massachusetts 5 Known as the Hampshire South district		None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Thomas Dwight (F) 78.0% Samuel Fowler (DR) 9.5% Jonathan Smith (DR) 5.8% Scattering 6.7%
Massachusetts 6 Known as the Hampshire North district		None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Hugh McClallan (F) 29.5% John Williams (F) 15.2% Samuel Taggart (F) 14.9% Solomon Snead (DR) 12.3% Joseph Lyman (F) 10.1% Solomon Nose (F) 8.0% Edward Upham (DR) 5.2% Zebina Montague 4.8%	Hugh McClallan (F) 36.9% Samuel Taggart (F) 27.5% Solomon Snead (DR) 21.2% John Williams (F) 14.4%	Samuel Taggart (F) 73.2% Hugh McClallan (F) 26.8%
Massachusetts 7 Known as the Plymouth district		None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Nahum Mitchell (F) 58.3% Henry Warren (DR) 41.6%
Massachusetts 8 Known as the Barnstable district		Lemuel Williams Redistricted from the 5th district	Federalist	1798	Re-elected	Lemuel Williams (F) 55.5% Isaiah L. Green (DR) 44.5%
Massachusetts 9 Known as the Bristol district		Phanuel Bishop Redistricted from the 7th district	Democratic-Republican	1798	Re-elected	Phanuel Bishop (DR) 57.3% Laban Wheaton (F) 42.4%
Massachusetts 10 Known as the Worcester South district		Seth Hastings Redistricted from the 4th district	Federalist	1801 (special)	Re-elected	Seth Hastings (F) 62.2% Edward Bangs (DR) 37.3%
Massachusetts 11 Known as the Worcester North district		None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	William Stedman (F) 71.7% John Whiting (DR) 27.9%
Massachusetts 12 Known as the Berkshire district		None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Thomson J. Skinner (DR) 58.4% Daniel Dewey (F) 41.0%
Massachusetts 13 Known as the Norfolk district		None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Ebenezer Seaver (DR) 65.1% Oliver N. Everett (F) 29.4% Samuel Dexter (DR) 2.8% Benjamin Hitchbourne (DR) 2.8%
District of Maine	Massachusetts 14 Known as the York district	Richard Cutts	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	Richard Cutts (DR) 52.3% John Lord (F) 44.4% Moses Sweat (F) 3.2%
	Massachusetts 15 Known as the Cumberland district	Peleg Wadsworth Redistricted from the 13th district	Federalist	1792	Re-elected	Peleg Wadsworth (F) 88.5% Isaac Parsons 8.5% Scattering 3.0%
	Massachusetts 16 Known as the Lincoln district	Samuel Thatcher Redistricted from the 12th district	Federalist	1802 (special)	Re-elected	Samuel Thatcher (F) 63.7% William King (DR) 18.1% John Farley (DR) 12.7% Scattering 5.5%
	Massachusetts 17 Known as the Kennebec district	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Phineas Bruce (F) 57.5% Martin Kinsley (DR) 42.5%

There was one vacancy during the 8th Congress, in the 12th district, caused by the resignation of Thomson J. Skinner, which vacancy was filled in a special election by Simon Larned while in the 17th district, Phineas Bruce (F) did not qualify due to illness, but was never replaced^[3]

New Hampshire

New Hampshire increased its representation in Congress from 4 seats to 5 as a result of the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
New Hampshire at-large 5 seats on a general ticket	George B. Upham	Federalist	1800	Retired Federalist hold	Samuel Tenney (F) 12.6% Samuel Hunt^{[Note 9]} (F) 12.0% David Hough (F) 11.8% Silas Betton (F) 11.6% Clifton Clagett (F) 11.3% Nahum Parker (DR) 8.4% Clement Storer (DR) 8.0% Jonathan Smith (DR)8.0% Moody Bedell (DR) 7.1% Thomas Cogswell (DR) 4.5% Obed Hall (DR) 2.1% Scattering 2.7%
	Previous incumbent Joseph Peirce had resigned earlier in 1802			Federalist hold
	Samuel Tenney	Federalist	1800	Re-elected
	Abiel Foster	Federalist	1794	Retired Federalist hold
	None (Seat created)			Federalist gain

New Jersey

New Jersey increased its representation in Congress from 5 seats to 6 as a result of the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
New Jersey at-large 6 seats on a general ticket	John Condit	Democratic-Republican	1798	Retired (Elected to Senate) Democratic-Republican hold	James Mott (DR) 16.5% Henry Southard (DR) 16.4% William Helms (DR) 16.4% Ebenezer Elmer (DR) 16.3% Adam Boyd (DR) 16.3% James Sloan (DR) 16.3% Aaron Ogden (F) 0.5% Frederick Frelinghuysen (F) 0.4% William Coxe (F) 0.3% James H. Imlay (F) 0.3% Richard Stockton (F) 0.3% Jonathan Elmer (F) 0.2%
	Ebenezer Elmer	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	William Helms	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	James Mott	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	Henry Southard	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
	None (Seat created)			Democratic-Republican gain

The Federalists did not run any official candidates in 1802, but a few Federalists did receive scattered votes.

New York

New York's Congressional apportionment increased from 10 seats to 17 seats as a result of the Census of 1800. The state was subsequently redistricted. 11 open seats were available due to the increase in apportionment and retirement of incumbents.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
New York 1	John Smith	Democratic-Republican	1799 (special)	Re-elected	John Smith (DR) 100%
New York 2	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Joshua Sands (F) 51.3% John Broome (DR) 48.7%
New York 3	Samuel L. Mitchill Redistricted from the 2nd district	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	Samuel L. Mitchill (DR) 96.5% Joshua Sands (F) 3.5%
New York 4	Philip Van Courtlandt Redistricted from the 3rd district	Democratic-Republican	1793	Re-elected	Philip Van Courtlandt (DR) 83.5% Peter Taulman (DR) 16.5%
New York 5	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Andrew McCord (DR) 84.4% John Hathorn (F) 15.6%
New York 6	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Isaac Bloom (DR) 55.4% Samuel Mott (F) 44.6%
New York 7	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John Cantine (DR) 48.8% Conrad C. Elmendorf (F) 46.3% Conrad E. Elmendorf 4.9%
New York 8	John P. Van Ness Redistricted from the 6th district	Democratic-Republican	1801 (special)	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Henry W. Livingston (F) 51.5% John P. Van Ness (DR) 48.5%
New York 9	Killian Van Rensselaer Redistricted from the 8th district	Federalist	1800	Re-elected	Killian Van Rensselaer (F) 62.4% Abraham G. Lansing (DR) 37.6%
New York 10	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	George Tibbits (F) 51.2% Josiah Masters (DR) 48.8%
New York 11	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Beriah Palmer (DR) 74.2% Guert Van Schoonhoven (F) 25.8%
New York 12	David Thomas Redistricted from the 7th district	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	David Thomas (DR) 64.1% John Williams 35.9%
New York 13	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Thomas Sammons (DR) 68.3% Robert McFarlan (F) 31.7%
New York 14	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Erastus Root (DR) 57.4% Benjamin Gilbert (F) 42.8%
New York 15	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Gaylord Griswold (F) 53.5% Francis A. Bloodgood (DR) 46.5%
New York 16	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John Paterson (DR) 55.4% Comfort Tyler (F) 44.6%
New York 17	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Oliver Phelps (DR) 41.5% Nathaniel W. Howell (F) 37.1% William Stuart (DR) 21.4%

John Smith (DR) of the 1st district resigned February 23, 1804 upon being elected to the Senate and was replaced in a special election by Samuel Riker (DR).

Samuel L. Mitchill (DR) of the 3rd district resigned November 22, 1804 upon being elected to the Senate and was replaced in a special election by George Clinton, Jr. (DR).

Isaac Bloom (DR) of the 6th district died April 26, 1803 and was replaced in a special election by Daniel C. Verplanck (DR).

John Cantine (DR) of the 7th district resigned before the start of the 8th Congress and was replaced in a special election by Josiah Hasbrouck (DR).

North Carolina

North Carolina increased its representation in Congress from 10 to 12 seats as a result of the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
North Carolina 1	Thomas Wynns Redistricted from the 8th district	Democratic-Republican	1802 (special)	Re-elected	Thomas Wynns^{[Note 10]} (DR)
North Carolina 2	Willis Alston Redistricted from the 9th district	Democratic-Republican	1798	Re-elected	Willis Alston (DR) 63.1% William R. Davie (F) 26.9%
North Carolina 3	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	William Kennedy (DR) 51.1% Thomas Blount (DR) 48.9%
North Carolina 4	John Stanly Redistricted from the 10th district	Federalist	1800	New seat Democratic-Republican gain	William Blackledge (DR) 59.9% John Stanly (F) 40.1%
North Carolina 5	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	James Gillespie (DR) 57.5% Alexander D. Moore (F) 42.5%
North Carolina 6	Nathaniel Macon Redistricted from the 5th district	Democratic-Republican	1791	Re-elected	Nathaniel Macon (DR) 99.8%
North Carolina 7	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Samuel D. Purviance (F) 42.3% Duncan McFarlan (DR) 33.0% Isaac Lanier (F) 23.6% John Hay (DR) 1.1%
North Carolina 8	Richard Stanford Redistricted from the 4th district	Democratic-Republican	1796	Re-elected	Richard Stanford (DR) 75.1% Nathaniel Jones (F) 24.9%
North Carolina 9	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Marmaduke Williams (DR) 53.8% Theophilus Lacy (DR) 28.3% William Nash (DR) 15.5% Anton Brown (F) 2.4%
North Carolina 10	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Nathaniel Alexander (DR) 55.8% Basil Gaither (F) 44.2%
North Carolina 11	James Holland Redistricted from the 1st district	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	James Holland (DR) 70.7% William Tate (F) 29.3%
North Carolina 12	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Joseph Winston (DR) 29.6% Meshack Franklin (DR) 28.6% William Lenoir (DR) 22.8% George Houser (DR) 9.7% Mussendine Matthews (F) 9.3%

Ohio

Ohio is considered to have been admitted to the Union near the end of the 7th Congress,^{[Note 12]} but did not elect representatives until the 8th Congress. For this reason, Ohio is considered to have had a vacant seat in the House and two vacant seats in the Senate in the 7th Congress.^[4]

District	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
Ohio at-large	Democratic-Republican win	Jeremiah Morrow (DR) 48.2% William McMillan^{[Note 13]} (F) 26.6% Michael Baldwin (DR) 11.7% Elias Langham (DR) 8.0% William Goforth (DR) 4.1% Others 1.4%

Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania increased its representation in Congress from 13 to 18 seats as a result of the Census of 1800. The state was re-districted from 12 into 11 districts, four of which were plural districts.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^[5]
Pennsylvania 1 Plural district with 3 seats	William Jones	Democratic-Republican	1800	Retired Democratic-Republican hold	Joseph Clay (DR) 20.2% Jacob Richards (DR) 20.0% Michael Leib (DR) 18.4% George Latimer (F) 13.4% Peter Brown (F) 13.3% Jonas Preston (F) 13.2% Elisha Gordon (F) 1.4%
	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain
	Michael Leib Redistricted from the 2nd district	Democratic- Republican	1798	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 2 Plural district with 3 seats	Robert Brown Redistricted from the 4th district	Democratic- Republican	1798 (Special)	Re-elected	Robert Brown (DR) 33.0% Isaac Van Horne (DR) 30.8% Frederick Conrad (DR) 17.9% Samuel Sitgreaves (F) 11.3% Nathaniel Borleau (F) 4.8% Lord Butler (F) 2.2%
	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain
	Isaac Van Horne Redistricted from the 4th district	Democratic- Republican	1801 (Special)	Re-elected
Pennsylvania 3 Plural district with 3 seats	Joseph Hemphill	Federalist	1800	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain	John Whitehill (DR) 22.1% Isaac Anderson (DR) 22.0% Joseph Hiester 21.7% Jacob Bower (F) 11.6% Joseph Hemphill (F) 11.4% Thomas Boude (F) 11.3%
	Joseph Hiester Redistricted from the 5th district	Democratic- Republican	1797 (Special)	Re-elected
	Thomas Boude Redistricted from the 7th district	Federalist	1800	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain
Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats	John A. Hanna Redistricted from the 6th district	Democratic- Republican	1796	Re-elected	John A. Hanna (DR) 50.5% David Bard (DR) 49.3% David Mitchell (F) 0.2%
Pennsylvania 4 Plural district with 2 seats	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain
Pennsylvania 5	Andrew Gregg Redistricted from the 9th district	Democratic- Republican	1791	Re-elected	Andrew Gregg (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 6	John Stewart Redistricted from the 8th district	Democratic- Republican	1800	Re-elected	John Stewart (DR) 56.7% John Edie (F) 43.3%
Pennsylvania 7	Henry Woods Redistricted from the 10th district	Federalist	1798	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain	John Rea (DR) 66.6% Henry Woods (F) 28.9% John McLene (DR) 4.5%
Pennsylvania 8	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	William Findley (DR) 53.9% Jacob Painter (DR) 46.1%
Pennsylvania 9	John Smilie Redistricted from the 11th district	Democratic- Republican	1792 1798	Re-elected	John Smilie (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 10	William Hoge Redistricted from the 12th district	Democratic- Republican	1801 (Special)	Re-elected	William Hoge (DR) 100%
Pennsylvania 11	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John Lucas (DR) 48.9% John Wilkins (F) 36.7% Alexander Foster (F) 14.4%

A vacancy occurred in the 10th district when William Hoge (DR) resigned October 15, 1804, which was filled in a special election by John Hoge (DR)

Rhode Island

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket	Thomas Tillinghast	Democratic-Republican	1800	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	Joseph Stanton, Jr. (DR) 30.7% Nehemiah Knight (DR) 30.6% Thomas Tillinghast (F^{[Note 14]}) 19.4% Elisha Potter (F) 19.3%
Rhode Island at-large 2 seats on a general ticket	Joseph Stanton, Jr.	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected

South Carolina

South Carolina increased its representation in Congress from 6 seats to 8 as a result of the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
South Carolina 1 Also known as the Charleston district	Thomas Lowndes	Federalist	1800	Re-elected	Thomas Lowndes (F) 52.3% Robert Marion (DR) 47.7%
South Carolina 2 Also known as the Beaufort and Edgefield district	John Rutledge, Jr.	Federalist	1796	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican gain	William Butler, Sr. (DR) 93.3% John Rutledge, Jr. (F) 6.7%
	William Butler, Sr. Redistricted from the 5th district	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected
South Carolina 3 Also known as the Georgetown district	Benjamin Huger	Federalist	1798	Re-elected	Benjamin Huger (F) 50.9% Lemuel Benton (DR) 49.1%
South Carolina 4 Also known as the Orangeburgh district	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Wade Hampton (DR) 50.9% John Taylor (F) 49.1%
South Carolina 5 Also known as the Sumter district	Richard Winn Redistricted from the 4th district	Democratic-Republican	1802 (special)	Re-elected	Richard Winn (DR) 52.1% John Kershaw (F) 47.9%
South Carolina 6 Also known as the Abbeville district	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Levi Casey (DR) 43.5% John Calhoun (DR) 29.8% Robert Creswell (F) 14.1% James Saxon (F) 10.3% Benjamin Herndon (F) 2.4%
South Carolina 7 Also known as the Chester district	Thomas Moore Redistricted from the 6th district	Democratic-Republican	1800	Re-elected	Thomas Moore (DR) 60.5% William Hill (F) 25.8% William Smith (DR) 13.8%
South Carolina 8 Also known as the Pendleton district	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John B. Earle (DR) 71.8% Eliab Moore (F) 28.2%

Tennessee

Tennessee increased its representation in Congress from 1 seat to 3 seats as a result of the Census of 1800.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Tennessee at-large 3 seats on a general ticket	William Dickson	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	William Dickson (DR) 30.2% George W. Campbell (DR) 29.7% John Rhea (DR) 23.0% John Cocke (DR) 17.2%
	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain
	None (Seat created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain

Vermont

Vermont increased its representation in Congress from 2 seats to 4 as a result of the Census of 1800. Vermont law at the time required a majority of votes to win an office, which frequently necessitated additional ballots.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates^{[Note 7]}
District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	First ballot	Second ballot	Third ballot
Vermont 1 Known as the Southwest district	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Gideon Olin (DR) 54.3% Jonas Galusha (DR) 18.1% Abel Spencer (F) 14.0% Chauncey Langdon (F) 10.2% Daniel Fay 1.9% Others 1.5%
Vermont 2 Known as the Southeast district	Lewis R. Morris	Federalist	1797 (special)	Lost re-election Federalist hold	Lewis R. Morris (F) 45.6% James Elliot (F) 42.7% Paul Brigham (DR) 5.4% Amasa Paine (F) 2.9% Others 3.4%	James Elliot (F) 54.1% Daniel Farrand (F) 37.6% Aaron Leland (DR) 4.4% Lewis R. Morris (F) 1.5% Others 2.3%
Vermont 3 Known as the northeast district	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	William Chamberlain (F) 53.9% Nathaniel Niles (DR) 38.2% James Fisk (DR) 7.3% Others 0.5%
Vermont 4 Known as the northwest district	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Udney Hay (DR) 45.3% Martin Chittenden (F) 28.2% Amos Marsh (F) 19.6% Daniel Chipman (F) 2.3% William C. Harrington (F) 1.9% Others 2.7%	Udney Hay (DR) 49.2% Martin Chittenden (F) 29.8% Amos Marsh (F) 19.9% Others 1.1%	Martin Chittenden (F) 54.0% Udney Hay (DR) 44.8% Others 1.2%

Virginia

Virginia increased its representation in Congress from 19 to 22 seats as a result of the Census of 1800. Virginia's congressional delegation remained the largest of any state, but would lose this distinction permanently after the Census of 1810. Elections were held over three days in April 1803.

District	Incumbent	Party	First elected	Result	Candidates
Virginia 1	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John G. Jackson^{[Note 10]} (DR) Thomas Wilson (F)
Virginia 2	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	James Stephenson (F) 53.6% Osborn Sprigg (DR) 46.4%
Virginia 3	John Smith Redistricted from the 1st district	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Smith (DR) 89.9% Joseph Sexton (DR) 10.1%
Virginia 4	David Holmes Redistricted from the 2nd district	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	David Holmes^{[Note 10]} (DR) Isaac Van Meter (F)
Virginia 5	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Thomas Lewis, Jr. (F) 44.4%^{[Note 15]} Andrew Moore^{[Note 16]} (DR) 36.8^{[Note 15]}% John Woodward (F) 18.7%
Virginia 6	Abram Trigg Redistricted from the 4th district	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	Abram Trigg^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Virginia 7	Richard Brent Redistricted from the 17th district	Democratic-Republican	1801	Lost re-election Federalist gain	Joseph Lewis, Jr. (F) 56.5% Richard Brent (DR) 43.5%
Virginia 8	None (District created)			Democratic-Republican gain	Walter Jones^{[Note 10]}^{[Note 17]} (DR) James Ball (F)
Virginia 9	Philip R. Thompson Redistricted from the 18th district	Democratic-Republican	1793	Re-elected	Philip R. Thompson^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Virginia 10	John Dawson Redistricted from the 15th district	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	John Dawson^{[Note 10]} (DR) William I. Callis (F)
Virginia 11	Anthony New Redistricted from the 16th district	Democratic-Republican	1793	Re-elected	Anthony New (DR) 71.4% John Taylor (F) 28.6%
Virginia 12	None (District created)			New seat Federalist gain	Thomas Griffin (F) 50.8% Burwell Bassett (DR) 49.2%
Virginia 13	John J. Trigg Redistricted from the 5th district	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	John J. Trigg^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Virginia 14	Matthew Clay Redistricted from the 6th district	Democratic-Republican	1797	Re-elected	Matthew Clay (DR) 88.9% James Hurt (F) 11.1%
Virginia 15	John Randolph Redistricted from the 7th district	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	John Randolph^{[Note 10]} (DR) Paul Carrington (F) Abraham B. Venable (DR) Ischaxner Woodson
Virginia 16	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	John W. Eppes^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Virginia 17	Thomas Claiborne Redistricted from the 8th district	Democratic-Republican	1793 1801	Re-elected	Thomas Claiborne (DR) 51.3% Richard Field (F) 48.7%
Virginia 18	None (District created)			New seat Democratic-Republican gain	Peterson Goodwyn (DR) 66.9% James Jones (F) 33.1%
Virginia 19	Edwin Gray Redistricted from the 10th district	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	Edwin Gray^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Virginia 20	Thomas Newton, Jr. Redistricted from the 11th district	Democratic-Republican	1799	Re-elected	Thomas Newton, Jr.^{[Note 10]} (DR)
Virginia 21	Samuel J. Cabell Redistricted from the 14th district	Democratic-Republican	1795	Lost re-election Democratic-Republican hold	Thomas M. Randolph (DR) 50.4% Samuel J. Cabell (DR) 49.6%
Virginia 22	John Clopton Redistricted from the 13th district	Democratic-Republican	1801	Re-elected	John Clopton^{[Note 10]} (DR) James Rind (F)

In the 5th district, Thomas Lewis, Jr. (F) was initially declared the winner with 1,004 votes for Lewis, 832 for Andrew Moore (DR), and 423 for John Woodward (F). However, upon investigation by the House Committee on Elections, it was determined that 355 votes for Lewis and 124 votes for Moore were cast by individuals who did not meet Virginia's voter qualifications, making the adjusted totals 708 legal votes for Moore and 649 legal votes for Lewis, thus, the Committee awarded this seat to Moore on March 5, 1804.^[6]

Two vacancies occurred during the 8th Congress. The first was in the 5th district when Andrew Moore (DR) resigned upon being elected to the Senate, which vacancy was filled by Alexander Wilson. The second occurred in the 13th district, when John J. Trigg (DR) died in office May 17, 1804, and was replaced in a special election by Christopher H. Clark (DR).

Notes

^ Majority required for election, which requirement was not met in one district, necessitating two additional trials held on January 24 and April 3, 1803
^ Includes 4 plural districts
^ Majority required for election, which was not met in two districts. Two additional elections were required to achieve a majority, held on March 1 and May 9, 1803
^ Includes 1 plural district
^ New state
^ The 5th district was initially awarded to the Federalists, but that election was successfully challenged so that after the seat was awarded to the rightful winner, there were 19 DR and 3 F
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed
^ ^a ^b Elected in subsequent special election
^ ^a ^b ^c Also elected to fill vacancy in 7th Congress
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source
^ In Pennsylvania
^ The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the 83rd Congress passed legislation retroactively designating the date of the first meeting of the Ohio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802 the 7th Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat. 173). On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat. 201) The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.
^ Former delegate for the Northwest Territory
^ Changed parties
^ ^a ^b Initial returns, votes were successfully challenged
^ Successfully challenged Lewis' election
^ Only the two top candidates listed here, partial returns suggest Jones won by a very large majority

References

Bibliography

"A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787-1825". Tufts Digital Library, Tufts University. Retrieved January 17, 2015.
Dubin, Michael J. (March 1, 1998). United States Congressional Elections, 1788-1997: The Official Results of the Elections of the 1st Through 105th Congresses. McFarland and Company. ISBN 978-0786402830.
Martis, Kenneth C. (January 1, 1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress, 1789-1989. Macmillan Publishing Company. ISBN 978-0029201701.
"Party Divisions of the House of Representatives* 1789–Present". Office of the Historian, United States House of Representatives. Retrieved January 21, 2015.

External links

Office of the Historian (Office of Art & Archives, Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives)

[3] Majority required for election, which requirement was not met in one district, necessitating two additional trials held on January 24 and April 3, 1803

[4] Includes 4 plural districts

[5] Majority required for election, which was not met in two districts. Two additional elections were required to achieve a majority, held on March 1 and May 9, 1803

[6] Includes 1 plural district

[7] New state

[8] The 5th district was initially awarded to the Federalists, but that election was successfully challenged so that after the seat was awarded to the rightful winner, there were 19 DR and 3 F

[m1-9] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Only candidates with at least 1% of the vote listed

[se-10] Elected in subsequent special election

[vac-11] Also elected to fill vacancy in 7th Congress

[nr-12] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p Numbers of votes missing or incomplete in source

[13] In Pennsylvania

[15] The official date when Ohio became a state was not set until 1953, when the 83rd Congress passed legislation retroactively designating the date of the first meeting of the Ohio state legislature, March 1, 1803, as that date. However, on April 30, 1802 the 7th Congress had passed an act "authorizing the inhabitants of Ohio to form a Constitution and state government, and admission of Ohio into the Union." (Sess. 1, ch. 40, 2 Stat. 173). On February 19, 1803, the same Congress passed an act "providing for the execution of the laws of the United States in the State of Ohio." (Sess. 2, ch. 7, 2 Stat. 201) The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress states that Ohio was admitted to the Union on November 29, 1802, and counts its seats as vacant from that date.

[17] Former delegate for the Northwest Territory

[19] Changed parties

[int-20] Initial returns, votes were successfully challenged

[21] Successfully challenged Lewis' election

[22] Only the two top candidates listed here, partial returns suggest Jones won by a very large majority

[1] 2 Stat. 128

[2] 2 Stat. 175

[14] Eighth Congress (membership roster) – see footnote 15

[16] Seventh Congress (membership roster)

[18] Wilkes University Elections Statistics Project

[23] A New Nation Votes: American Elections Returns 1787-1825: Virginia 1803 House of Representatives District 5

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[2]

[Note 1]

[Note 2]

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