Voskhod (rocket)

Voskhod (R-7 11A57)
	Voskhod rocket
Function	Man-rated LEO carrier rocket
Manufacturer	OKB-1
Country of origin	Soviet Union
Size
Height	30.84 m (101.18 ft)
Diameter	2.99 m (9.8 ft)
Mass	298,400 kg (657,800 lb)
Stages	2
Capacity
Payload to LEO	5,900 kg (13,000 lb)
Associated rockets
Family	R-7
Launch history
Status	Retired
Launch sites	LC-1 & LC-31, Baikonur; LC-41, Plesetsk
Total launches	300
Success(es)	287
Failure(s)	13
First flight	16 November 1963
Last flight	29 June 1976
Type of passengers/cargo	Voskhod spacecraft; Zenit
Boosters
No. boosters	4
Engines	1 RD-107-8D74K
Thrust	995.3 kN (223,752 lbf)
Specific impulse	257 sec
Burn time	119 seconds
Propellant	RP-1/LOX
First stage
Engines	1 RD-107-8D75K
Thrust	941 kN (221,500 lbf)
Specific impulse	248 sec
Burn time	301 seconds
Propellant	RP-1/LOX
Second stage
Engines	1 RD-0108
Thrust	294 kN (66,093 lbf)
Specific impulse	330 sec
Burn time	240 seconds
Propellant	RP-1/LOX
	[edit on Wikidata]

The Voskhod rocket (Russian: Восход, "ascent", "dawn") was a derivative of the Soviet R-7 ICBM designed for the human spaceflight programme but later used for launching Zenit reconnaissance satellites.^[1]^[2] It consisted of the Molniya 8K78M third stage minus the Blok L.^[3] In 1966, all R-7 variants were equipped with the uprated core stage and strap-ons of the Soyuz 11A511. The Blok I stage in the Voskhod booster used the RD-107 engine rather than the RD-110 in the Soyuz, which was more powerful and also man-rated. The sole exception to this were the two manned Voskhod launches, which had RD-108 engines, a man-rated RD-107 but with the same performance.

All 11A57s launched after 1965 were functionally an 11A511 without the Soyuz's payload shroud and launch escape system (with the exception of the third stage propulsion system as noted above). Around 300 were flown from Baikonur and Plesetsk through 1976 (various payloads, but Zenith PHOTINT satellites were the most common). The newer 11A511U core had been introduced in 1973, but the existing stock of 11A57s took another three years to use up.

Voskhod 11A57

Stage Number: 0 - Strap-on boosters; 4 x Voskhod 11A57-0
- Gross Mass: 43,400 kg
- Empty Mass: 3,800 kg.
- Thrust (vac): 4 x 995.4 kN = 3,981.5 kN
- Isp: 314 s (3.08 kN·s/kg)
- Burn time: 119 s
- Isp(sl): 257 s (2.52 kN·s/kg)
- Diameter: 2.68 m
- Span: 8 m
- Length: 19.00 m
- Propellants: Lox/Kerosene
- Engines: 4 x RD-107-8D74K
Stage Number: 1 - Core stage; 1 x Voskhod 11A57-1
- Gross Mass: 100,500 kg
- Empty Mass: 6,800 kg
- Thrust (vac): 941.4 kN
- Isp: 315 s (3.09 kN·s/kg)
- Burn time: 301 s
- Isp(sl): 248 s (2.43 kN·s/kg)
- Diameter: 2.99 m
- Span: 2.60 m
- Length: 28.00 m
- Propellants: Lox/Kerosene
- Engine: 1 x RD-108-8D75K
Stage Number: 2 - Final Stage; 1 x Voskhod 11A57-2
- Gross Mass: 24,300 kg
- Empty Mass: 2,000 kg
- Thrust (vac): 294.2 kN
- Isp: 330 s (3.24 kN·s/kg)
- Burn time: 240 s
- Diameter: 2.56 m
- Length: 2.84 m
- Propellants: Lox/Kerosene
- Engine: 1 x RD-0108

References

^ Barensky, C. Lardier, Stefan (2013). The Soyuz launch vehicle the two lives of an engineering triumph. New York: Springer. p. 160. ISBN 146145459X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Hall, Rex; Shayler, David J. (2001). The rocket men : Vostok & Voskhod, the first Soviet manned spaceflights. London [u.a.]: Springer [u.a.] p. 226. ISBN 185233391X.
^ Kruse, Richard. "Historic Spacecraft - Soviet and Russian Rockets". HistoricSpacecraft.com. Historic Spacecraft. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

[1] Barensky, C. Lardier, Stefan (2013). The Soyuz launch vehicle the two lives of an engineering triumph. New York: Springer. p. 160. ISBN 146145459X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] Hall, Rex; Shayler, David J. (2001). The rocket men : Vostok & Voskhod, the first Soviet manned spaceflights. London [u.a.]: Springer [u.a.] p. 226. ISBN 185233391X.

[3] Kruse, Richard. "Historic Spacecraft - Soviet and Russian Rockets". HistoricSpacecraft.com. Historic Spacecraft. Retrieved 19 July 2014.

[1]

[2]

[3]

v t e Soviet and Russian launch vehicles
Active	Angara 1.2 A5 Soyuz-2 2.1a 2.1b 2-1v UR Proton-M
In development	Amur Irtysh Yenisei
Retired	Dnepr Energia Kosmos 1 2I 3 3M N1 R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original L M U U2 FG Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna Start-1 Tsyklon original 2 3 UR UR-500 Proton-K Rokot Strela Zenit 2 2M 3SL 3SLB 3F
Cancelled (no launch attempts)	Tsyklon-4 Proton Light Medium

v t e Orbital launch systems
List of orbital launch systems Comparison of orbital launch systems
Current	Angara 1.2 A5 Ariane 6 Atlas V Ceres 1 1S Chollima-1 Electron Falcon 9 Block 5 Falcon Heavy Firefly Alpha Gravity-1 GSLV H-IIA H3 Hyperbola-1 Jielong 1 3 KAIROS^† Kaituozhe 2 Kinetica 1 Kuaizhou 1 1A 11 Long March 2C 2D 2F 3A 3B/E 3C 4B 4C 5 5B 6 6A 7 7A 8 11 11H LVM3 Minotaur I IV V C Nuri OS-M1^† Pegasus XL Proton-M PSLV Qaem 100 Qased RS1^† Shavit 2 Simorgh SLS Block 1 Soyuz-2 2.1a / STA 2.1b / STB 2-1v SSLV Starship Tianlong-2 Unha Vega C Vulcan Centaur Zhuque 2
In development	Antares 330 Bloostar Cyclone-4M Deca Epsilon S Eris Gravity-2 Hyperbola-2 Irtysh Kuaizhou 21 31 Long March 9 10 12 Miura 5 MLV Neutron New Glenn New Line 1 NGLV Nova OS-M 2 4 Orbex Prime Pallas-1 Red Dwarf SLS Block 1B Block 2 Soyuz-7 Terran R Tianlong-3 VLM Vega E Zero Zhuque 3 Zuljanah
Retired	Antares 110 120 130^† 230 230+ Ariane 1 2 3 4 5 ASLV Athena I II Atlas B D E/F G H I II III LV-3B SLV-3 Able^† Agena Centaur Black Arrow Conestoga^† Delta A B C D E G J L M N 0100 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 II III IV IV Heavy Diamant Dnepr Energia Epsilon Europa I^† II^† Falcon 1 Falcon 9 v1.0 v1.1 v1.2 "Full Thrust" Feng Bao 1 GSLV Mk I H-I H-II H-IIB Juno I Juno II Kaituozhe-1 Kosmos original 1 2/2I 3 3M Lambda 4S LauncherOne Long March 1 1D^† 2A 2E 3 3B 4A Mu 4S 3C 3H 3S 3SII V N1^† N-I N-II Naro-1 Paektusan^† Pilot-2^† R-7 Luna Molniya M L Polyot Soyuz original FG L M U U2 Soyuz/Vostok Sputnik Voskhod Vostok L K 2 2M R-29 Shtil' Volna^† Rocket 3 Safir 1 1A 1B Saturn I IB V Scout X-1 Blue Scout II^† X-2^† X-2M X-3 X-3M X-4 X-2B^† B A B-1 D-1 A-1 E-1 F-1 G-1 Shavit original 1 SLV Space Shuttle SPARK^† Sparta SS-520 Start-1 Terran 1^† Thor Able Ablestar 1 2 Agena A B D Burner 1 2 Delta DSV-2U Thorad-Agena SLV-2G SLV-2H Titan II GLV IIIA IIIB IIIC IIID IIIE 34D 23G CT-3 IV Tsyklon R-36-O original 2 3 Universal Rocket UR-500 Proton Proton-K Rokot Strela Vanguard Vega original VLS-1^† Zenit 2 2M 2FG 3SL 3SLB 3F Zhuque 1^†
Classes	Sounding rocket Small-lift launch vehicle Medium-lift launch vehicle Heavy-lift launch vehicle Super heavy-lift launch vehicle
This Template lists historical, current, and future space rockets that at least once attempted (but not necessarily succeeded in) an orbital launch or that are planned to attempt such a launch in the future Symbol ^† indicates past or current rockets that attempted orbital launches but never succeeded (never did or has yet to perform a successful orbital launch)

Voskhod 11A57

See also

References