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'''ZK-93426''' (ethyl-5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate) is a drug from the [[beta-carboline]] family. It acts as a weak partial [[inverse agonist]] of [[benzodiazepine receptor]]s,<ref>Camerman A, Mastropaolo D, Hempel A, Camerman N. Ethyl 5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate: structural determinants of benzodiazepine-receptor antagonism. ''Acta Crystallographica Section C''. 2005 Apr;61(Pt 4):o265-6. PMID 15805647</ref> meaning that it causes the opposite effects to the [[benzodiazepine]] class of drugs and has [[anxiogenic]] properties,<ref>File SE, Pellow S, Jensen LH. Actions of the beta-carboline ZK 93426 in an animal test of anxiety and the holeboard: interactions with Ro 15-1788. ''Journal of Neural Transmission''. 1986;65(2):103-14. PMID 3009709</ref> although unlike most benzodiazepine antagonists it is not a [[convulsant]] and actually has weak anticonvulsant effects.<ref>Jensen LH, Petersen EN, Braestrup C, Honoré T, Kehr W, Stephens DN, Schneider H, Seidelmann D, Schmiechen R. Evaluation of the beta-carboline ZK 93 426 as a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist. ''Psychopharmacology (Berlin)''. 1984;83(3):249-56. PMID 6089247</ref> In human tests it produced alertness, restlessness and feelings of apprehension, and reversed the effect of the benzodiazepine [[lormetazepam]].<ref>Dorow R, Duka T, Höller L, Sauerbrey N. Clinical perspectives of beta-carbolines from first studies in humans. ''Brain Research Bulletin''. 1987 Sep;19(3):319-26. PMID 2890423</ref><ref>Duka T, Goerke D, Dorow R, Höller L, Fichte K. Human studies on the benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK 93 426: antagonism of lormetazepam's psychotropic effects. ''Psychopharmacology (Berlin)''. 1988;95(4):463-71. PMID 2905500</ref> It was also shown to produce [[nootropic]] effects<ref>Duka T, Edelmann V, Schütt B, Dorow R. Beta-carbolines as tools in memory research: human data with the beta-carboline ZK 93426. ''Psychopharmacol Series''. 1988;6:246-60. PMID 3064085</ref><ref>Duka T, Ott H, Rohloff A, Voet B. The effects of a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist beta-carboline ZK-93426 on scopolamine-induced impairment on attention, memory and psychomotor skills. ''Psychopharmacology (Berlin)''. 1996 Feb;123(4):361-73. PMID 8867876</ref> and increased release of [[acetylcholine]].<ref>Moore H, Sarter M, Bruno JP. Age-dependent modulation of in vivo cortical acetylcholine release by benzodiazepine receptor ligands. ''Brain Research''. 1992 Nov 20;596(1-2):17-29. PMID 1334777</ref><ref>Moore H, Sarter M, Bruno JP. Bidirectional modulation of stimulated cortical acetylcholine release by benzodiazepine receptor ligands. ''Brain Research''. 1993 Nov 12;627(2):267-74. PMID 8298971</ref>
'''ZK-93426''' (ethyl-5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate) is a drug from the [[beta-carboline]] family. It acts as a weak partial [[inverse agonist]] of [[benzodiazepine receptor]]s,<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 15805647 }}</ref> meaning that it causes the opposite effects to the [[benzodiazepine]] class of drugs and has [[anxiogenic]] properties,<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 3009709 }}</ref> although unlike most benzodiazepine antagonists it is not a [[convulsant]] and actually has weak anticonvulsant effects.<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 6089247 }}</ref> In human tests it produced alertness, restlessness and feelings of apprehension, and reversed the effect of the benzodiazepine [[lormetazepam]].<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 2890423 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 2905500 }}</ref> It was also shown to produce [[nootropic]] effects<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 3064085 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 8867876 }}</ref> and increased release of [[acetylcholine]].<ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 1334777 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | pmid = 8298971 }}</ref>


==See also==
==See also==

Revision as of 19:46, 14 November 2010

ZK-93426
Names
IUPAC name
ethyl 5-​isopropoxy-​4-​methyl-​9H-​β-​carboline-​3-​carboxylate
Other names
ZK-93426; ethyl 4-methyl-5-propan-2-yloxy-9H-pyrido[5,4-b]indole-3-carboxylate
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
  • CCOC(=O)C1=NC=C2C(=C1C)C3=C(N2)C=CC=C3OC(C)C
Properties
C18H20N2O3
Molar mass 314.336 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).

ZK-93426 (ethyl-5-isopropoxy-4-methyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate) is a drug from the beta-carboline family. It acts as a weak partial inverse agonist of benzodiazepine receptors,[1] meaning that it causes the opposite effects to the benzodiazepine class of drugs and has anxiogenic properties,[2] although unlike most benzodiazepine antagonists it is not a convulsant and actually has weak anticonvulsant effects.[3] In human tests it produced alertness, restlessness and feelings of apprehension, and reversed the effect of the benzodiazepine lormetazepam.[4][5] It was also shown to produce nootropic effects[6][7] and increased release of acetylcholine.[8][9]

See also

References

  1. ^ . PMID 15805647. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ^ . PMID 3009709. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  3. ^ . PMID 6089247. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  4. ^ . PMID 2890423. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ^ . PMID 2905500. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  6. ^ . PMID 3064085. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  7. ^ . PMID 8867876. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  8. ^ . PMID 1334777. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ^ . PMID 8298971. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)