Hoxhaism
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"Hoxhaism" is an informal term used to refer to a variant of anti-revisionist Marxism-Leninism that developed in the late 1970s due to a split in the Maoist movement, appearing after the ideological row between the Communist Party of China and the Party of Labour of Albania in 1978.
The Albanians rallied a new separate international tendency. This tendency would demarcate itself by a strict defense of the legacy of Joseph Stalin and fierce criticism of virtually all other Communist groupings as revisionist. Critical of the United States, the Soviet Union, China, and Yugoslavia, Enver Hoxha declared the latter three to be social-imperialist and condemned the Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia by withdrawing from the Warsaw Pact in response.
Hoxha declared Albania to be the world's only state legitimately adhering to Marxism-Leninism after 1978. The Albanians were able to win over a large share of the Maoists, mainly in Latin America such as the Popular Liberation Army and Marxist-Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador, as well as the Communist Party of Brazil, but also had a significant international following in general. This tendency has occasionally been labeled as 'Hoxhaism' after him.
After the fall of the Communist government in Albania, the pro-Albanian parties are grouped around an international conference and the publication Unity and Struggle.
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[edit] List of "Hoxhaist" parties
[edit] Active
- Party of Labour of Albania
- American Party of Labor
- One of several Communist Parties of Germany
- Labour Party of Iran
- Malian Party of Labour
- Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Turkey
- Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Ecuador
- Marxist–Leninist Communist Party of Venezuela
- Communist Platform (Italy)
- Revolutionary Communist Party (Brazil)
- U.S. Marxist–Leninist Organization
- Workers Party of the Netherlands
- Tunisian Workers' Communist Party
[edit] Historical
- Benin: Communist Party of Dahomey
- Brazil: Communist Party of Brazil
- Ethiopia: Marxist-Leninist League of Tigray
- Britain: Communist League of Great Britain, Revolutionary Communist Party of Britain (Marxist-Leninist)
- Burkina Faso: Voltaic Revolutionary Communist Party
- Canada: Communist Party of Canada (Marxist-Leninist)
- Chile: Chilean Communist Party (Proletarian Action)
- Colombia: Communist Party of Colombia (marxist-leninist)
- Denmark: Communist Party of Denmark/Marxist-Leninists
- Dominican Republic: Partido Comunista del Trabajo
- Faroe Islands: Advancement for the Islands (m-l)
- Iceland: Communist Unity (Marxist-Leninist)
- Germany: Communist Party of Germany (Roter Morgen)
- West Germany/East Germany: Communist Party of Germany/Marxists-Leninists
- Greece: Organisation of Communists Marxists-Leninists of Greece
- India: Communist Ghadar Party of India
- Ireland: Communist Party of Ireland (Marxist-Leninist)
- Japan: Japan Communist Party (Left Faction)
- Mexico: Communist Party of Mexico (Marxist-Leninist)
- Netherlands: Workers Party of the Netherlands (build-up organisation)
- Nicaragua: Marxist-Leninist Party of Nicaragua
- Norway : Communist Workers League (Norway) and Marxist–Leninist League (Norway)
- Portugal: Communist Party (Reconstructed)
- Spain: Communist Party of Spain (marxist-leninist)
- Sweden: Communist Party in Sweden
- Togo: Communist Party of Togo
- Trinidad and Tobago: Communist Party of Trinidad and Tobago
- Turkey: Communist Party of Turkey/Marxist-Leninist - Hareketi
- Turkey: Revolutionary Communist Party of Turkey
- USA: Ray O. Light Group, Marxist–Leninist Party, U.S. Marxist-Leninist Organization
- Venezuela: Red Flag Party
- New Zealand: Communist Party of New Zealand
