Korolyov, Moscow Oblast
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Korolyov
Королёв | |
|---|---|
 Entrance to the city (October 2003) | |
.gif) Flag .png) Coat of arms | |
Location of Korolyov  | |
  Korolyov Location of Korolyov  Korolyov Korolyov (Moscow Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 55°55′N 37°49′E / 55.917°N 37.817°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Moscow Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1938 |
| Government | |
| • Head[2] | Valery Minakov[2] |
| Area | |
| • Total | 51.95 km2 (20.06 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 160 m (520 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 183,452 |
| • Estimate (2018)[4] | 222,952 (+21.5%) |
| • Rank | 98th in 2010 |
| • Density | 3,500/km2 (9,100/sq mi) |
| • Subordinated to | Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Capital of | Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Urban okrug | Korolev Urban Okrug[5] |
| • Capital of | Korolev Urban Okrug[5] |
| Time zone | UTC+3 (MSK  [6]) |
| Postal code(s)[7] | 141070–141080 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 495 |
| OKTMO ID | 46734000001 |
| Website | korolev |
Korolyov or Korolev (Russian: Королёв, IPA: [kərɐˈlʲɵf]) is an industrial city in Moscow Oblast, Russia, well known as the cradle of Soviet and Russian space exploration. Population: Template:Ru-census2010prelim
It was originally founded as Kaliningrad (Калинингра́д) in 1938 by Vasily Boldyrev, Naum Nosovsky, and Mikhail Loginov as the leading Soviet center for production of anti-tank and air-defense guns. In 1946, in the aftermath of World War II, the artillery plant was reconstructed for production of rockets, launch vehicles, and spacecraft, under the guidance of Russian scientist and academician Sergei Korolev, who envisioned, consolidated and guided the activities of many people in the Soviet space-exploration program. The plant later became known as RKK Energia. Mission Control Center is also located in Korolyov. While the Vostok space vehicle was being developed this research center was designated as NII-88 or POB 989. In July 1996, the city was renamed in commemoration of Sergei Korolev, who died in 1966. Since 1997 Korolyov has hosted the International Space Olympics, an annual competition for young people, to promote space related research.
History
In the 12th century, a Slavic settlement was located on the site of modern Korolyov. The settlement stood on a junction of trade routes between the Moscow and Vladimir-Suzdal principalities. After the Mongol invasion in the 13th century, the region was in decline. In the 18th century, one of the first textile factories in Russia was established here.
In 1924, the first OGPU working commune in the Soviet Union was established here. In 1938, the town of Kaliningrad was founded in place of the Kalininsky settlement near an artillery plant, which had previously been evacuated from Leningrad.
The area was a place of elite dachas at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Many famous people, such as Konstantin Stanislavski, Anton Chekhov, Valery Bryusov, Boris Pasternak, Anna Akhmatova, Isaac Levitan, Pavel Tretyakov, Marina Tsvetaeva, and Vladimir Lenin, lived here.
Administrative and municipal status
Administratively, it is incorporated as Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[1] Municipally, Korolyov City Under Oblast Jurisdiction is incorporated as Korolev Urban Okrug.[5]
Demographics
As of 2002, Korolyov was the seventh-largest city in Moscow Oblast, with a population of 142,568 (2002 Census)—[8]down from 159,363 recorded in the 1989 Census.[9] In 2007, it became the fourth-largest one in the oblast with a population of 173,600,[10] mostly because of an influx of new inhabitants considering it one of the most attractive places to live near Moscow. As of the 2010 Census, the city population is 183,452.[3]
Economy
The main enterprise of the city is the RKK Energia, but there are several kinds of industry in the city. This naukograd (science city) is the place in which was built the first Youth Residential Complex in the Soviet Union. Another notable company located in the city is OAO Kompozit, which is engaged in the field of materials science.
Sports
The bandy club Vympel [1] plays in the second-highest division of the Russian Bandy League.[11]
References
Notes
- ^ a b c d e Law #12/2001-OZ
- ^ a b "Head of the City. Valery Alexandrovich Minakov" (in Russian). City of Korolyov. Retrieved February 29, 2012.
- ^ a b Invalid reference parameter
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c Law #20/2005-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ a b Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian). Cite error: The named reference "PopCensus" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ "Регионы России. Основные социально-экономические показатели городов. Центральный федеральный округ, Московская область, стр. 54" (in Russian language). Федеральная служба государственной статистики. Retrieved May 19, 2009.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link) - ^ "КАЛЕНДАРЬ —игр Первенства России по хоккею с мячом среди команд первой лиги — на сезон 2008/09 г.г." (in Russian language).
Sources
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №11/2013-ОЗ от 31 января 2013 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области», в ред. Закона №249/2019-ОЗ от 29 ноября 2019 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Московской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Московской области"». Вступил в силу на следующий день после официального опубликования (13 января 2013 г.). Опубликован: "Ежедневные Новости. Подмосковье", №24, 12 февраля 2013 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #11/2013-OZ of January 31, 2013 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast, as amended by the Law #249/2019-OZ of November 29, 2019 On amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Moscow Oblast". Effective as of the day following the day of the official publication (January 13, 2013).).
- Московская областная Дума. Закон №53/2014-ОЗ от 21 мая 2014 г. «О преобразовании городского округа Королёв и городского округа Юбилейный, о статусе и установлении границы вновь образованного муниципального образования», в ред. Закона №87/2014-ОЗ от 15 июля 2014 г. «О внесении изменения в Закон Московской области "О преобразовании городского округа Королёв и городского округа Юбилейный, о статусе и установлении границы вновь образованного муниципального образования"». Вступил в силу через десять дней после официального опубликования, за исключением статей 4 и 5. Опубликован: Официальный Интернет-портал Правительства Московской области http://www.mosreg.ru, 23 мая 2014 г. (Moscow Oblast Duma. Law #53/2014-OZ of May 21, 2014 On the Transformation of Korolyov Urban Okrug and Yubileyny Urban Okrug, on the Status and the Border of the Newly Established Municipal Formation, as amended by the Law #87/2014-OZ of July 15, 2014 On Amending the Law of Moscow Oblast "On the Transformation of Korolyov Urban Okrug and Yubileyny Urban Okrug, on the Status and the Border of the Newly Established Municipal Formation". Effective as of the day which is ten days after the official publication, with the exception of Articles 4 and 5.).