List of R-7 launches (1960–1964)
This is a list of launches made by the R-7 Semyorka ICBM, and its derivatives between 1960 and 1964. All launches are orbital satellite launches, unless stated otherwise.
| Date and Time (GMT) | Configuration | Serial Number | Launch Site | Result | Payload | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1960[edit] | ||||||
| 20 January 1960, 16:35 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-2 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test Battleship upper stage |
| 24 January 1960, 16:15 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-3 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | N/A | ICBM test. Longitudinal vibration led to combustion chamber failure and explosion in the Blok V strap-on. Missile disintegrated T+31 seconds. |
| 31 January 1960, 16:17 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-2 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test Battleship upper stage |
| 17 March 1960, 23:55 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-5 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 24 March 1960, 02:06 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
L1-5 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 15 April 1960, 15:06 | Luna (8K72) |
I1-9 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Luna E-3 No.1 | Third stage premature shutdown due to ground crews forgetting to fill the RP-1 tank completely. |
| 16 April 1960, 16:07 | Luna (8K72) |
L1-9A | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Luna E-3 No.2 | Blok B strapon developed insufficient thrust and tore away from the booster at liftoff. The vehicle disintegrated. |
| 15 May 1960, 00:00 | Vostok-L (8K72L) |
L1-11 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Korabl-Sputnik 1 (Vostok) | Maiden flight of Vostok-L 8K72L |
| 4 June 1960, 15:49 | R-7 Semyorka (8K71) |
L1-9 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 5 July 1960, 15:56 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-6 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 7 July 1960, 16:15 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-7 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 28 July 1960, 09:31 | Vostok-L (8K72L) |
L1-10 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Korabl-Sputnik (Vostok) | Longitudinal vibration caused a breakdown of the combustion chamber and explosion in the Blok G strap-on. The launch vehicle disintegrated. |
| 19 August 1960, 08:44 | Vostok-L (8K72L) |
L1-12 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Korabl-Sputnik 2 (Vostok) | |
| 10 October 1960, 14:27 | Molniya (8K78) |
L1-4M | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Mars 1M No.1 | 3rd stage guidance failure Maiden flight of Molniya 8K78 |
| 14 October 1960, 13:51 | Molniya (8K78) |
L1-5M | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Mars 1M No.2 | 3rd stage failed to ignite |
| 1 December 1960, 07:30 | Vostok-L (8K72L) |
L1-13 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Korabl-Sputnik 3 (Vostok) | Spacecraft failed and disintegrated during re-entry |
| 22 December 1960, 07:45 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
L1-13A | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Korabl-Sputnik (Vostok) | Third stage gas generator failure Maiden flight of Vostok-K 8K72K |
1961[edit] | ||||||
| 14 January 1961, 16:15 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test, First launch from LC-31 | |
| 4 February 1961, 01:18 | Molniya (8K78) |
L1-7 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Tyazhely Sputnik (Venera) | Venus probe Fourth stage ignition failed, achieved Earth orbit |
| 12 February 1961, 00:34 | Molniya (8K78) |
L1-6 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Venera 1 | First successful Venus mission |
| 13 February 1961, 04:39 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I1-3T | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 27 February 1961, 00:52 | R-7 Semyorka (8K71) |
L2-1 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test Final flight of R-7 Semyorka 8K71. |
| 9 March 1961, 06:29 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-14 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Korabl-Sputnik 4 (Vostok) | |
| 25 March 1961, 05:54 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-15 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Korabl-Sputnik 5 (Vostok) | |
| 12 April 1961, 06:07 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-16 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Vostok 1 | First crewed spaceflight, 1 cosmonaut, Yuri Gagarin |
| 14 April 1961, 19:24 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Failure | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 15 June 1961, 05:45 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
E15001-06 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 4 July 1961, 04:00 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I2-4 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 4 July 1961, 20:20 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
I2-2 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 6 August 1961, 06:00 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-17 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Vostok 2 | Crewed orbital flight, 1 cosmonaut, Gherman Titov |
| 21 September 1961, 16:30 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
E15003-03 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test |
| 29 November 1961, 08:15 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 11 December 1961, 09:39 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-21 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Zenit-2 | Premature third stage cutoff. Spacecraft intentionally blown up by self-destruct system. |
1962[edit] | ||||||
| 26 April 1962, 10:02 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-20 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 4 (Zenit-2) |
|
| 1 June 1962, 09:38 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
E15000-01 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Zenit-2 | First use of Vostok-2 8A92. Blok D strap-on shut down at liftoff. The launch vehicle crashed near the pad. |
| 2 June 1962, 16:36 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 28 July 1962, 09:18 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
T15000-07 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 7 (Zenit-2) |
|
| 11 August 1962, 08:30 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-23 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Vostok 3 | Crewed orbital flight, 1 cosmonaut, Andrian Nikolayev |
| 12 August 1962, 08:02 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-22 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Vostok 4 | Crewed orbital flight, 1 cosmonaut, Pavel Popovich |
| 25 August 1962, 02:56 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-12 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Venera 2MV-1 No.1 (Venera) | After a coast phase, the upper stage fired its ullage motors in preparation for ignition, but one of the motors failed to fire. When the main engine fired to place the spacecraft in a heliocentric orbit, the stage tumbled out of control. The main engine then cut off 45 seconds later, leaving the spacecraft stranded in Earth orbit. |
| 1 September 1962, 02:12 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-13 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Venera 2MV-1 No.2 (Venera) | After a coast phase, a command was given to fire the upper stage engine at 61 minutes and 30 seconds after launch, but this command did not reach the engine and the fuel valves did not open, so the upper stage engine failed to ignite. |
| 12 September 1962, 00:59 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-14 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Venera 2MV-2 No.1 (Venera) | Following cutoff of the Blok I stage, one of the oxidizer valves failed to close, allowing LOX to flow into the combustion chamber of one of the vernier thrusters. The thruster then exploded, causing the rocket to tumble out of control. Resultant cavitation in the upper stage turbopump caused the upper stage engine to fail less than a second after ignition. |
| 27 September 1962, 09:40 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
T15000-06 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 9 (Zenit-2) |
|
| 17 October 1962, 09:21 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
E15000-03 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 10 (Zenit-2) | |
| 24 October 1962, 17:55 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-15 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Mars 2MV-4 No.1 (Mars) | After reaching LEO, the turbopump in the upper stage seized and disintegrated when lubricant leaked out. The main engine exploded, destroying the spacecraft and upper stage. |
| 1 November 1962, 16:14 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-16 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Mars 1 | Spacecraft later failed due to loss of signal. No data returned during Mars fly-by |
| 4 November 1962, 15:35 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-17 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Mars 2MV-3 No.1 (Mars) | Fuel pump cavitation in the Blok A core stage starting at T+260 seconds. The upper stages and payload reached orbit, but suffered damage from vibration and could not be restarted to boost the probe out of LEO. |
| 22 December 1962, 09:24 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
T15000-10 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 12 (Zenit-2) | |
1963[edit] | ||||||
| 4 January 1963, 07:49 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-09 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Luna E-6 No.2 (Luna) | Trans Lunar Injection failed |
| 3 February 1963, 09:29 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-10 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Luna E-6 No.3 | Upper stage gyro failure |
| 21 March 1963, 08:24 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
T15001-01 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 13 (Zenit-2) | |
| 2 April 1963, 08:16 | Molniya (8K78) |
T103-11 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Luna 4 | Spacecraft later failed to land on Moon |
| 22 April 1963, 08:24 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
T15000-08 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 15 (Zenit-2) | |
| 22 April 1963, 12:32 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 28 April 1963, 08:50 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
E15000-02 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 16 (Zenit-2) | |
| 18 May 1963, 07:41 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 24 May 1963, 10:34 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
E15000-12 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 18 (Zenit-2) | |
| 14 June 1963, 11:59 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-24 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Vostok 5 | Crewed orbital flight, 1 cosmonaut, Valery Bykovsky |
| 16 June 1963, 09:29 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
E103-25 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Vostok 6 | Crewed orbital flight, 1 cosmonaut, Valentina Tereshkova First woman in space |
| 10 July 1963 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
E15000-04 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Zenit-2 | Blok B strap-on shut down at liftoff. Vehicle crashed near the pad. |
| 14 October 1963, 13:56 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 18 October 1963, 09:30 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
G15001-01 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 20 (Zenit-2) | |
| 1 November 1963, 08:56 | Polyot (11A59) |
E15003-02A | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Polyot 1 | Maiden flight of Polyot 11A59 |
| 11 November 1963, 06:23 | Molniya (8K78) |
G15000-17 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Kosmos 21 (Venera) | Upper stage failed |
| 16 November 1963, 10:34 | Voskhod (11A57) |
G15000-06 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 22 (Zenit-4) | Maiden flight of Voskhod 11A57 |
| 28 November 1963, 09:20 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
G15001-02 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Zenit-2 | Upper stage failed |
| 19 December 1963, 09:29 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
G15001-03 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 24 (Zenit-2) | |
1964[edit] | ||||||
| 30 January 1964, 09:45 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
G103-18 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Elektron-1 | |
| Elektron-2 | ||||||
| 19 February 1964, 05:37 | Molniya-M (8K78M) |
T15000-26 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Zond 3MV-1 No.2 | Maiden flight of Molniya-M 8K78M LOX leak in a fuel duct led to an explosion at Blok I ignition. |
| 21 March 1964, 08:14 | Molniya-M (8K78M) |
T15000-20 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Luna E-6 No.6 | Stuck engine valve in the Blok I stage caused low thrust and premature shutdown at T+489 seconds. |
| 27 March 1964, 03:24 | Molniya-M (8K78M) |
G15000-27 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Kosmos 27 (Venera) | Gyroscope malfunction caused loss of pitch control during Blok I burn. |
| 2 April 1964, 02:42 | Molniya-M (8K78M) |
G15000-28 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Zond 1 | |
| 4 April 1964, 09:45 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
G15001-04 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 28 (Zenit-2) | |
| 12 April 1964, 09:31 | Polyot (11A59) |
T15001-04A | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Polyot-2 | Final flight of Polyot 11A59 |
| 20 April 1964, 08:08 | Molniya-M (8K78M) |
T15000-21 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Luna E-6 No.5 | Blok I power failure caused premature engine shutdown T+340 seconds |
| 25 April 1964, 10:21 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15001-01 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 29 (Zenit-2) | |
| 18 May 1964, 09:42 | Voskhod (11A57) |
G15000-12 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 30 (Zenit-4) | |
| 3 June 1964, 06:04 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 4 June 1964, 04:00 | Molniya (8K78) |
G103-18 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Failure | Molniya-1 | Electrical circuit in the Blok A throttle control failed, causing loss of thrust at T+104 seconds. Also identified as Zond 1964A, a failed Lunar flyby |
| 10 June 1964, 10:48 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15001-02 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 32 (Zenit-2) | |
| 23 June 1964, 10:19 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
G15001-05 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 33 (Zenit-2) | |
| 1 July 1964, 11:16 | Voskhod (11A57) |
T15000-04 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 34 (Zenit-4) | |
| 10 July 1964, 21:51 | Vostok-K (8K72K) |
G103-19 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Elektron-3 | Final flight of Vostok-K 8K72K |
| Elektron-4 | ||||||
| 15 July 1964, 11:27 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15001-03 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 35 (Zenit-2) | |
| 27 July 1964, 14:00 | R-7A Semyorka (8K74) |
LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | N/A | ICBM test | |
| 14 August 1964, 09:36 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15001-04 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 37 (Zenit-2) | |
| 22 August 1964, 07:21 | Molniya (8K78) |
G103-19 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 41 (Molniya-1) | |
| 28 August 1964, 16:19 | Vostok-2M (8A92M) |
T15000-05 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 44 (Meteor) | Maiden flight of Vostok-2M 8A92M |
| 13 September 1964, 09:45 | Voskhod (11A57) |
R15001-01 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 45 (Zenit-4) | |
| 24 September 1964, 12:04 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15001-05 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 46 (Zenit-2) | |
| 6 October 1964, 07:12 | Voskhod (11A57) |
R15000-02 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 47 (Voskhod) | |
| 12 October 1964, 07:30 | Voskhod (11A57) |
R15000-04 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Voskhod 1 | Crewed orbital flight, 3 cosmonauts First multi-person spaceflight |
| 14 October 1964, 09:50 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15002-01 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 48 (Zenit-2) | |
| 28 October 1964, 10:48 | Vostok-2 (8A92) |
R15002-02 | LC-31/6, Baikonur | Successful | Kosmos 50 (Zenit-2) | |
| 30 November 1964, 13:25 | Molniya (8K78) |
G15000-29 | LC-1/5, Baikonur | Successful | Zond 2 | |
References[edit]
- McDowell, Jonathan. "Launch List – R-7 Family". Jonathan's Space Page. Retrieved 21 December 2008.
- Wade, Mark. "Soyuz". Encyclopedia Astronautica. Retrieved 3 November 2022.
