List of offshore wind farms
This article lists the largest offshore wind farms that are currently operational rated by nameplate capacity. It also lists the largest offshore wind farms currently under construction, the largest proposed offshore wind farms, and offshore wind farms with notability other than size.
As of 2022, Hornsea 2 in the United Kingdom is the largest offshore wind farm in the world at 1,386 MW.[1]
Largest operational offshore wind farms
This is a list of offshore wind farms with at least 300 MW nameplate capacity that are currently operational.
Wind farm | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) |
Turbines number |
Turbines model |
Commissioning date |
Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Hornsea Project Two | United Kingdom | 53°54′36.0″N 1°33′6.5″E / 53.910000°N 1.551806°E | 1,386 | 165 | Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2022 | [2][3] |
Hornsea Project One | United Kingdom | 53°53′06″N 1°47′28″E / 53.885°N 1.791°E | 1,218 | 174 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [4][5] |
Moray East | United Kingdom | 58°10′1.49″N 2°41′54.67″W / 58.1670806°N 2.6985194°W | 950 | 100 | MHI Vestas V164 9.5 MW | 2022 | [6] |
Triton Knoll | United Kingdom | 53°24′N 0°54′E / 53.400°N 0.900°E | 857 | 90 | MHI Vestas 9.5 MW | 2021 | [7][8] |
Borssele 1&2 | Netherlands | 51°42′10″N 3°4′34″E / 51.70278°N 3.07611°E | 752 | 94 | Siemens Gamesa 8MW | 2020 | [9][10] |
Borssele 3&4 | Netherlands | 51°42′25.2″N 2°54′44.6″E / 51.707000°N 2.912389°E | 731.5 | 77 | MHI Vestas V164 9.5MW | 2021 | [11][12] |
East Anglia ONE | United Kingdom | 52°39′57″N 2°17′44″E / 52.66583°N 2.29556°E | 714 | 102 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2020 | [13][14] |
Walney Extension | United Kingdom | 54°5′17″N 3°44′17″W / 54.08806°N 3.73806°W | 659 | 40+47 | MHI-Vestas 8.25 MW Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 |
2018 | [15] |
London Array | United Kingdom | 51°38′38″N 01°33′13″E / 51.64389°N 1.55361°E | 630 | 175 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 | 2013 | [16][17][18] |
Kriegers Flak | Denmark | 55°01′00″N 12°56′00″E / 55.01667°N 12.93333°E | 605 | 72 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-8.4-167 | 2021 | [19][20] |
Gemini Wind Farm | Netherlands | 54°2′10″N 05°57′47″E / 54.03611°N 5.96306°E | 600 | 150 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0 | 2017 | [21][22][23][24] |
Beatrice | United Kingdom | 58°7′48″N 3°4′12″W / 58.13000°N 3.07000°W | 588 | 84 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [25] |
Gode Wind (phases 1+2) | Germany | 54°04′N 7°02′E / 54.067°N 7.033°E | 582 | 97 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2017 | [26][27] |
Gwynt y Môr | United Kingdom | 53°27′00″N 03°35′00″W / 53.45000°N 3.58333°W | 576 | 160 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 | 2015 | [28] |
Race Bank | United Kingdom | 53°16′N 0°50′E / 53.267°N 0.833°E | 573 | 91 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2018 | [29][30] |
Greater Gabbard | United Kingdom | 51°52′48″N 1°56′24″E / 51.88000°N 1.94000°E | 504 | 140 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 | 2012 | [31][32][33] |
Jiangsu Qidong H1+H2 | China | 32°7′12″N 122°9′36″E / 32.12000°N 122.16000°E | 503 | 84 | Shanghai Electric | 2021 | [34][35] |
CGN Shanwei Jiazi I | China | 503 | 78 | MySE6.45-180 | 2022 | [36] | |
Hohe See | Germany | 54°26′N 6°19′E / 54.433°N 6.317°E | 497 | 71 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [37] |
Saint-Nazaire | France | 480 | 80 | GE Haliade 150-6MW | 2022 | [38] | |
Borkum Riffgrund 2 | Germany | 53°57′7″N 6°29′17″E / 53.95194°N 6.48806°E | 450 | 56 | MHI Vestas V164-8.0 MW | 2019 | [39] |
Horns Rev 3 | Denmark | 55°49′N 7°42′E / 55.817°N 7.700°E | 407 | 49 | MHI Vestas V164-8.3 MW | 2019 | [40] |
CGN Shanwei Jiazi II | China | 403 | 62 | MySE6.45-180 | 2022 | [36][41] | |
Dudgeon | United Kingdom | 53°14′56″N 1°23′24″E / 53.24889°N 1.39000°E | 402 | 67 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2017 | [42] |
Veja Mate | Germany | 54°19′1″N 5°52′15″E / 54.31694°N 5.87083°E | 402 | 67 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2017 | [43][44] |
Anholt | Denmark | 56°36′00″N 11°12′36″E / 56.60000°N 11.21000°E | 400 | 111 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 | 2013 | [45][46][47][48] |
BARD Offshore 1 | Germany | 54°22′0″N 5°59′0″E / 54.36667°N 5.98333°E | 400 | 80 | BARD 5.0MW | 2013 | [49][50][51] |
Global Tech I | Germany | 54°30′00″N 6°21′30″E / 54.50000°N 6.35833°E | 400 | 80 | Areva Multibrid M5000 5.0MW | 2015 | [52] |
Rampion | United Kingdom | 50°40′N 0°06′W / 50.667°N 0.100°W | 400 | 116 | MHI Vestas V112-3.45 MW | 2018 | [53] |
Binhai North H2 | China | 34°30′00″N 120°20′00″E / 34.50000°N 120.33333°E | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-120 | 2018 | [54] |
CGN Yangjiang Nanpeng Island | China | 400 | 75 | Mingyang MY-5.5 MW | 2020 | [55][56] | |
CTGNE Yangjiang Shapa - phase II | China | 400 | 62 | Mingyang MySE6.45-180 | 2021 | [57][58] | |
Rudong H6 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [59][57] | |
Rudong H10 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [60][57] | |
SPIC Rudong H7 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [61] | |
SPIC Rudong H4 | China | 400 | 100 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [62] | |
Merkur | Germany | 54°2′N 6°33′E / 54.033°N 6.550°E | 396 | 66 | GE Haliade 150-6 MW | 2019 | [63] |
West of Duddon Sands | United Kingdom | 53°59′02″N 3°27′50″W / 53.98389°N 3.46389°W | 389 | 108 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 | 2014 | [64][65] |
Arkona | Germany | 54°46′55.200″N 14°7′15.600″E / 54.78200000°N 14.12100000°E | 385 | 60 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2019 | [66][67] |
Windpark Fryslân | Netherlands | 53°0′0″N 5°16′0″E / 53.00000°N 5.26667°E | 382 | 89 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.3-130 | 2021 | [68][69] |
Norther Offshore Wind Farm | Belgium | 51°31′40″N 3°1′55″E / 51.52778°N 3.03194°E | 370 | 44 | Vestas V164-8.4 MW | 2019 | |
Walney (phases 1&2) |
United Kingdom | 54°02′38″N 3°31′19″W / 54.04389°N 3.52194°W | 367 | 102 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 | 2011 (phase 1) 2012 (phase 2) |
[70][71] |
Galloper | United Kingdom | 51°52′48″N 1°56′24″E / 51.88000°N 1.94000°E | 353 | 56 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-6.0-154 | 2018 | [72][73] |
Wikinger | Germany | 54°50′2″N 14°4′5″E / 54.83389°N 14.06806°E | 350 | 70 | Adwen AD 5-135 | 2018 | [74] |
Rudong H2 | China | 350 | 70 | Haizhuang H171-5.0MW | 2022 | [75] | |
Nordsee One | Germany | 53°58′0″N 06°48′00″E / 53.96667°N 6.80000°E | 332 | 54 | Senvion 6.2M126 | 2017 | [76] |
Thorntonbank (phases 1–3) |
Belgium | 51°33′00″N 2°56′00″E / 51.55000°N 2.93333°E | 325 | 6+48 | Senvion 5MW Senvion 6.15MW |
2009 (phase 1) 2012 (phase 2) 2013 (phase 3) |
[77][78][79][80] |
Sheringham Shoal | United Kingdom | 53°7′0″N 1°8′0″E / 53.11667°N 1.13333°E | 315 | 88 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-107 | 2012 | [81][82][83][84] |
Borkum Riffgrund 1 | Germany | 53°58′0″N 06°33′00″E / 53.96667°N 6.55000°E | 312 | 78 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-120 | 2015 | [85] |
Rentel | Belgium | 51°35′27.6″N 2°56′38.4″E / 51.591000°N 2.944000°E | 308.7 | 42 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2019 | [86] |
SPIC Jiangsu Dafeng | China | 33°30′50″N 121°06′18″E / 33.514°N 121.105°E | 302.4 | 72 | Envision 4.2MW | 2018 | [87] |
Dongtai Four | China | 302.4 | 63+10 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-130 Envision EN136/4.2 MW |
2019 | [88] | |
Longyuan Jiangsu Dafeng H4 | China | 302.4 | 47 | 47 x GW184-6.45MW | 2021 | [36][89] | |
Amrumbank West | Germany | 54°30′0″N 07°48′00″E / 54.50000°N 7.80000°E | 302 | 80 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-3.6-120 | 2015 | [90][91] |
Datang Jiangsu Binhai | China | 34°15′32″N 120°34′34″E / 34.259°N 120.576°E | 301.8 | 50+46 | Mingyang MySE3.0-135 Jinfeng 3.3 MW |
2019 | [92][93] |
Thanet | United Kingdom | 51°26′0″N 01°38′0″E / 51.43333°N 1.63333°E | 300 | 100 | Vestas V90-3.0MW | 2010 | [94][95] |
Huaneng Rudong | China | 32°40′48″N 121°19′23″E / 32.680°N 121.323°E | 300 | 38+19+1+12 | Siemens Gamesa 4.0MW Haizhuang 5MW (H154) Haizhuang 5MW (H171) Envision 4.2MW (EN-136) |
2017 | [96] |
Jiangsu Longyuan Chiang Sand | China | 32°48′58″N 121°30′58″E / 32.816°N 121.516°E | 300 | 75 | Envision EN136/4.0 MW | 2018 | [97] |
Laoting Bodhi Island | China | 38°59′10″N 118°48′14″E / 38.986°N 118.804°E | 300 | 75 | Siemens Gamesa SWT-4.0-130 | 2020 | [98] |
Zhanjiang Xuwen-South | China | 300 | 47 | 47 x GW171-6.45MW | 2022 | [36][99] | |
Yuedian Yangjiang Shapa | China | 300 | 47 | 47 x MySE6.45-180 | 2022 | [36][100] | |
Zhejiang Jiaxing 2 | China | 300 | 50 | 50 x SWT-6.0-154 | 2021 | [36][101] | |
Rudong H5 | China | 300 | 75 | 75 x SWT-4.0-146 | 2021 | [36][102] | |
Dafeng H6 | China | 300 | 47 | 47 x GW184-6.45MW | 2021 | [36][103] |
Largest under construction
This is a list of wind farms with a nameplate capacity of more than 300MW currently under construction.
Wind farm | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) |
Turbines & model | Completion | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dogger Bank A | United Kingdom | 1,200 | 95 × GE Haliade-X 13MW | 2023 | [104] | |
Dogger Bank B | United Kingdom | 1,200 | 95 × GE Haliade-X 13MW | 2024 | [104] | |
Seagreen (Alpha & Bravo) | United Kingdom | 1,140 | 114 × MHI Vestas V164-10 MW | 2023 | [105][106] | |
Greater Changhua | Taiwan | 900 | 111 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2022 | [107] | |
Vineyard Wind | United States | 41°02′00″N 70°37′00″W / 41.03325°N 70.61667°W | 800 | 62 x 13.6MW GE Haliade-X | 2023 | [108][109][110][111] |
Hollandse Kust Zuid I-II | Netherlands | 770 | 70 × Siemens Gamesa 11MW | 2022-2023 | [112] | |
Hollandse Kust Zuid III-IV | Netherlands | 770 | 70 × Siemens Gamesa 11MW | 2023 | [113] | |
Hollandse Kust Noord | Netherlands | 759 | 69 x SG 11.0-200 DD | 2023 | [36][114] | |
Yunlin | Taiwan | 640 | 80 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2023 | [115][116] | |
Changfang | Taiwan | 589 | 62 × MHI Vestas V174-9.5 MW | 2023 | [117][118][119] | |
Guodian Xiangshan 1 phase 2 | China | 500 | 41 x 12MW units | 2025 | [36][120] | |
Fécamp | France | 497 | 71 × Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2023 | [121] | |
Saint-Brieuc | France | 496 | 62 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2023 | [122][123] | |
Calvados | France | 448 | 64 × Siemens Gamesa SWT-7.0-154 | 2024 | [124] | |
The Neart na Gaoithe (NnG) | United Kingdom | 450 | 54 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2023 | [125][126] | |
Formosa II | Taiwan | 376 | 47 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2022 | [127] | |
Kaskasi | Germany | 54°29′0″N 7°41′0″E / 54.48333°N 7.68333°E | 342 | 38 × Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD | 2022 | [128] |
Fujian Putian City Flat Bay Three Zone C | China | 308 | 44 x SWT-7.0-154 | 2022 | [36] | |
Changle Area A | China | 300 | 36 x DEW-D10000-185 & GW175-8.0MW | 2022 | [36] | |
Changle Area C 2 | China | 300 | 37 x DEW-D10000-185 & SG 10.0-193 DD | 2022 | [36] | |
Mingyang Yangjiang Shapa | China | 300 | 46 x MySE6.45-180 | 2022 | [36] |
Largest proposed
The following table lists largest offshore wind farm areas (by nameplate capacity) that are only at a proposal stage, and have achieved at least some of the formal consents required before construction can begin.
Wind farm | Location | Coordinates | Capacity (MW) |
Projected completion | Consents | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Chaozhou | China | 43,300 | Projected to start work before 2025 | [129] | ||
Sinan Korea Offshore | South Korea | 8,200 | 2030 | Project approved in 2021. Estimated cost: 36 billion €. | [130][131][132] | |
Berwick Bank | United Kingdom | 4,100 | 2027 | SSE merged Berwick Bank (2.3GW) and Marr Bank (1.85GW) into single project.[133] Planning application will be sent to Scottish government in Spring 2022. If accepted, project will be shovel ready by 2024 and will be generating electricity by 2027[134] | [135][136][137][138][139] | |
IJmuiden Ver | Netherlands | 52°55′08″N 3°34′03″E / 52.918970°N 3.567385°E | 4,000 | Has been in the spatial planning since (at least) 2014. Research on ecological impact of grid connection started in 2019.
Tenders are planned for 2023 (phase 1 & 2) and 2025 (phase 3 & 4). |
[140][141][142] | |
East Anglia Hub
(formerly Norfolk Bank) |
United Kingdom | 3,100 | 2026 | ScottishPower Renewables merged East Anglia TWO (900 MW), East Anglia THREE (1,400 MW) and East Anglia ONE North (800MW) into single hub.
Anticipated project start in 2022. Project completion anticipated in 2026. |
[143][144] | |
Med Wind | Italy | 2,800 | 2030 |
Floating offshore wind farm. Scoping procedure completed in 2021. Construction to start in 2025. Expected project completion in 2030. |
[145][146] | |
Coastal Virginia
Offshore Wind |
United States | 36°53′16″N 75°29′50″W / 36.8878333°N 75.4973333°W | 2,640 | Phase 1 (880 MW), Phase 2 (880 MW), Phase 3 (880 MW) | [147][148][149][150][151] | |
Korea Offshore | South Korea | 2,500 | Korean government approved. | [152] | ||
Hornsea Project Three | United Kingdom | 2,400 | Crown Estate Round 3 | [153] | ||
Mayflower Wind | United States | 2,400 in two phases | TBA | BOEM | ||
Formosa III | Taiwan | 2,000 | Undergoing environmental impact assessment and approvals which are expected to be completed between 2021 and 2025. | [154] | ||
Moray Firth | United Kingdom | 1,866 | Moray West - minimum 850 MW, currently seeking to remove capacity limit, as well as increase rotor diameter. | [155][156][157] | ||
Norfolk Vanguard | United Kingdom | 1,800 | Planning Consent Granted on 11 February 2022. Offshore works expected to begin in 2025 | [158][159][160][161][162] | ||
Norfolk Boreas | United Kingdom | 1,800 | Planning Consent Granted on 10 December 2021. Offshore works are expected to begin in 2025. | [163][164][165][161] | ||
OWF Bałtyk I | Poland | 1,560 | Connection to national grid approved in 2021[166] | [167][168] | ||
Atlantic Shores | United States | 1,510 | 2028 | NJBPU | [169][170] | |
Sofia Offshore (formerly Teesside B) | United Kingdom | 1,400 | Work commenced at the onshore converter station site in Teesside (due completion in early 2022). Siemens SG 14-222 DD 14MW turbines for the Sofia offshore will be market ready in 2024. Offshore construction expected to commence in 2023. Project completion expected in Q4 2026. | [171][172][173][174] | ||
Dogger Bank C
(formerly Teesside A) |
United Kingdom | 1,200 | Offshore export cable installation will commence in Q1 2024; Offshore platform installation will commence in Q2, 2024; foundation installation will commence in Q3, 2024; Turbine installation will commence in Q2, 2025. First power is anticipated in Q3, 2025 and full power in Q1, 2026. | [104] | ||
Rampion 2 | United Kingdom | 1,200 | Concept/Early Planning. Planning application expected 2022[175] | [176] | ||
Ocean Wind 2 | United States | 1,148 | 2027 | NJBPU | [169][177] | |
Ocean Wind 1 | United States | 39°21′58″N 74°24′51″W / 39.366111°N 74.414167°W | 1,100 | 2024 | NJBPU | [178][179][180][181][182] |
Inch Cape | United Kingdom | 1,000 | Consent Authorised. Up to 72 wind turbines | [183] | ||
Sunrise Wind | United States | 880 | 2024 | NYSERDA | [184][185][186] | |
Empire Wind | United States | 40°19′45″N 73°30′28″W / 40.329226°N 73.507861°W | 816 | 2024 | NYSERDA | [187][188][189][185][186] |
Park City Wind | United States | 804 | 2025 | Connecticut DEEP | [190] | |
Kitty Hawk Wind | United States | 800 | 2026 | 800 MW in Phase 1, proposed total of 2500 MW BOEM | [191][192] | |
OWF Bałtyk II | Poland | 720 | Construction anticipated in 2025/2026[193] | [167] | ||
OWF Bałtyk III | Poland | 720 | Construction anticipated in 2025/2026[194] | [167] | ||
Revolution Wind | United States | 700 | 2023 | Connecticut DEEPRhode Island PUC | [195][196] | |
Noirmoutier | France | 496 | 2023 | Delivery and commissioning expected for 2023. Project will consist of 62 Siemens Gamesa 8.0-167 DD.[197] | [198] | |
Seagreen 1A | United Kingdom | 360 | 2023 | Scottish government has consented its Marine Licence application. Connecting 36 turbines to the grid at the Cockenzie substation. | [199][200] |
Other notable offshore wind farms
Wind Farm | Country | Coordinates | Year | Notability | Refs |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Vindeby | Denmark | 1991 | First offshore wind farm; 11 × Bonus 450 kW. Decommissioned in 2017. | [201][202][203][204][205][206][207] | |
Beatrice | United Kingdom | 58°7′48″N 3°4′12″W / 58.13000°N 3.07000°W | 2007 | 2 × Senvion 5MW prototype turbines, deepest fixed-foundation at 45-metre water depth | [208][209][210] |
Yttre Stengrund | Sweden | 2001 | First offshore wind farm to be decommissioned (in November 2015) | ||
Hywind | Norway | 2009 | First full-scale, deep-water floating turbine: Siemens 2.3 MW turbine in 220 meter-deep water | [211][212] | |
WindFloat 1 | Portugal | 2011 | First full-scale, semi-submersible platform with a Vestas V80-2MW turbine installed in a dry-dock | [213] | |
Hywind Scotland | United Kingdom | 2017 | First full-scale, deep-water floating wind farm, at 30 MW capacity | [214] |
See also
References
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External links
- 4C Offshore's Global Offshore Wind Farm Map and Database
- North American Offshore Wind Project List
- The Crown Estate's interactive UK marine estates map
- LORC Knowledge - Offshore Renewables Map
- Offshore Center List of offshore wind farms
- Renewable UK offshore wind page
- Tethys Map Viewer A compilation of documents, U.S. permitting sites, and international Annex IV project sites and research studies on offshore wind developments that are associated with a geographic location.