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Oceana County, Michigan

Coordinates: 43°40′N 86°32′W / 43.66°N 86.53°W / 43.66; -86.53
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Oceana County
County
Oceana County Courthouse
Oceana County Courthouse
Official seal of Oceana County
Seal
Map of Michigan highlighting Oceana County
Location within the U.S. state of Michigan
Map of the United States highlighting Michigan
Michigan's location within the U.S.
Coordinates: 43°40′N 86°32′W / 43.66°N 86.53°W / 43.66; -86.53
Country United States
State Michigan
Founded1840 (created)
1855 (organized)[1]
SeatHart
Largest cityPentwater (village)
Hart (city)
Area
 • Total1,306 sq mi (3,380 km2)
 • Land512 sq mi (1,330 km2)
 • Water794 sq mi (2,060 km2)  61%
Population
 (2020)
 • Total26,659
 • Density52/sq mi (20/km2)
Time zoneUTC−5 (Eastern)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−4 (EDT)
Congressional district2nd

Oceana County (/ˌoʊʃiˈænə/ OH-shee-AN-ə) is a county located in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of the 2020 Census, the population was 26,659.[2] The county seat is Hart.[3] Long known as part of the large Ojibwe territory, the county was founded by European Americans in 1840 and organized in 1855.[1]

Settlers were attracted by access along the White River, which reaches its mouth on Lake Michigan in Muskegon County to the south. Two possibilities have been put forward to explain the county's name: Oceana County may have been named for Lake Michigan, a freshwater "ocean," which forms its western border;[4] or it was named for the book Oceana, written by English author James Harrington in 1656.[1]

Oceana County is famous as the "Asparagus Capital of the World" for its high production of asparagus. The annual Asparagus Festival includes a parade and crowning of the Asparagus Queen.

History

In the 1850s about 1400 Odawa were relocated here from Ionia County, Michigan by the federal government.[5]

The county economy was first built on the lumber trade, with logs floated downriver. It later was developed for agriculture. In the 21st century, it is known for its commodity crop of asparagus.

Geography

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the county has a total area of 1,306 square miles (3,380 km2), of which 512 square miles (1,330 km2) is land and 794 square miles (2,060 km2) (61%) is water.[6] The county is considered to be part of West Michigan. The county's western border is formed by Lake Michigan.

Adjacent counties

National protected area

Major highways

  • US 31 is the main route for Oceana County. The freeway runs north–south through the western part of county. It passes Pentwater, Hart, Shelby, Rothbury.

  •  Bus. US 31 are two business routes in Oceana County; one of the versions is a business loop that runs west of US 31 through Pentwater, while the other version is a business spur running through Hart.
  • M-20 is a highway that runs east–west through the southern part of Oceana County. It enters east line at Hesperia, runs west to terminate at US 31 west of New Era.
  • M-120 is a highway that runs along the eastern Oceana County line, from the county tri-point with Muskegon, Newaygo, and Oceana counties to an intersection with M-20 at Hesperia.

County designated highways

Demographics

File:Oceana County, Michigan, Population by Decades.png
Graphic showing Oceana County, Michigan, Population by Decades

This rural county reached a peak of population in 2000. It has attracted Hispanic or Latino immigrants who mostly work as farm laborers; in 2010 nearly 14% of the population was Hispanic.

Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
1840496—
1850300−39.5%
18601,816505.3%
18707,222297.7%
188011,69962.0%
189015,69834.2%
190016,6446.0%
191018,37910.4%
192015,601−15.1%
193013,805−11.5%
194014,8127.3%
195016,1058.7%
196016,5472.7%
197017,9848.7%
198022,00222.3%
199022,4542.1%
200026,87319.7%
201026,570−1.1%
202026,6590.3%
US Decennial Census[7]
1790-1960[8] 1900-1990[9]
1990-2000[10] 2010-2018[2]

The 2010 United States Census[11] indicates Oceana County had a 2010 population of 26,570. This decrease of 303 people from the 2000 United States Census represents a 1.1% population decrease in the decade. In 2010 there were 10,174 households and 7,239 families in the county. The population density was 51.9 per square mile (20.0 square kilometers). There were 15,944 housing units at an average density of 31.1 per square mile (12.0 square kilometers). The racial and ethnic makeup of the county was 83.7% White, 0.4% Black or African American, 0.8% Native American, 0.2% Asian, 13.7% Hispanic or Latino, 0.1% from other races, and 1.2% from two or more races.

There were 10,174 households, out of which 30.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 56.6% were husband and wife families, 9.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 28.8% were non-families, and 24.6% were made up of individuals. The average household size was 2.58 and the average family size was 3.04.

The county population contained 24.9% under age of 18, 7.5% from 18 to 24, 21.5% from 25 to 44, 29.0% from 45 to 64, and 17.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females there were 100.9 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 99.3 males.

The 2010 American Community Survey 3-year estimate[11] indicates the median income for a household in the county was $39,043 and the median income for a family was $46,816. Males had a median income of $21,774 versus $14,186 for females. The per capita income for the county was $18,065. About 1.9% of families and 19.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 30.4% of those under the age 18 and 11.3% of those age 65 or over.

Religion

Tourism

The Electric Forest Festival (formerly the Rothbury Music Festival) has been held annually in Rothbury, Michigan since 2008, except 2019 and 2020, due to COVID.[14]

Camping is a popular summer activity in Oceana County. Areas on the lakeshore such as Silver Lake, Pentwater, and Stony Lake are popular tourist sites.

Government

Oceana County has largely voted Republican through the years. Since 1884 its voters have selected the Republican Party nominee in 82% (28 of 35) of the national elections through 2020.

United States presidential election results for Oceana County, Michigan[15]
Year Republican Democratic Third party(ies)
No.  % No.  % No.  %
2020 8,892 63.15% 4,944 35.11% 244 1.73%
2016 7,228 60.59% 3,973 33.30% 729 6.11%
2012 6,239 54.49% 5,063 44.22% 148 1.29%
2008 5,860 46.85% 6,405 51.20% 244 1.95%
2004 6,677 54.30% 5,441 44.25% 179 1.46%
2000 5,913 54.89% 4,597 42.68% 262 2.43%
1996 3,947 40.52% 4,419 45.36% 1,376 14.12%
1992 3,944 37.36% 3,846 36.43% 2,767 26.21%
1988 5,693 62.46% 3,356 36.82% 65 0.71%
1984 6,405 68.69% 2,865 30.72% 55 0.59%
1980 5,465 57.14% 3,386 35.40% 713 7.46%
1976 5,236 59.51% 3,427 38.95% 135 1.53%
1972 4,992 64.20% 2,525 32.47% 259 3.33%
1968 3,911 56.22% 2,152 30.93% 894 12.85%
1964 2,958 43.87% 3,773 55.95% 12 0.18%
1960 4,418 62.38% 2,651 37.43% 13 0.18%
1956 4,479 70.29% 1,868 29.32% 25 0.39%
1952 4,704 71.04% 1,799 27.17% 119 1.80%
1948 2,943 60.07% 1,714 34.99% 242 4.94%
1944 3,534 66.24% 1,738 32.58% 63 1.18%
1940 3,711 60.57% 2,379 38.83% 37 0.60%
1936 2,663 45.44% 2,902 49.51% 296 5.05%
1932 2,481 43.47% 3,051 53.46% 175 3.07%
1928 3,555 79.55% 871 19.49% 43 0.96%
1924 3,335 74.94% 650 14.61% 465 10.45%
1920 3,535 77.85% 785 17.29% 221 4.87%
1916 1,957 54.27% 1,387 38.46% 262 7.27%
1912 857 23.00% 796 21.36% 2,073 55.64%
1908 2,445 68.51% 799 22.39% 325 9.11%
1904 2,653 75.65% 591 16.85% 263 7.50%
1900 2,407 63.08% 1,199 31.42% 210 5.50%
1896 2,534 58.09% 1,637 37.53% 191 4.38%
1892 1,635 47.38% 1,416 41.03% 400 11.59%
1888 1,726 47.82% 1,426 39.51% 457 12.66%
1884 1,637 51.04% 1,213 37.82% 357 11.13%

Oceana County operates the County jail, maintains rural roads, operates the major local courts, records deeds, mortgages, and vital records, administers public health regulations, and participates with the state in the provision of social services. The county board of commissioners controls the budget and has limited authority to make laws or ordinances. In Michigan, most local government functions – police and fire, building and zoning, tax assessment, street maintenance etc. – are the responsibility of individual cities and townships.

Elected officials

(information as of May 2021)[16]

Education

Public schools in Oceana County:

Private schools in Oceana County:

  • New Era Christian School
  • Oceana Christian School [17]

Communities

City

Villages

Unincorporated communities

Townships

Oceana County, Michigan, Townships Population Chart
Oceana County, Michigan, Townships - Median Age Chart
Oceana County, Michigan, Townships - High School Graduates or Higher Chart
Oceana County, Michigan, Townships - Total Housing Units Chart
Oceana County, Michigan, Townships - Median House Income Chart
Oceana County Townships - Percent Individuals Under Poverty Level

See also

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c "Bibliography on Oceana County". Clarke Historical Library, Central Michigan University. Retrieved January 20, 2013.
  2. ^ a b "State & County QuickFacts". US Census Bureau. Retrieved September 15, 2021.
  3. ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved June 7, 2011.
  4. ^ "Michigan county names per Michigan government". michigan.gov. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  5. ^ Romig 1986, p. 122.
  6. ^ "2010 Census Gazetteer Files". US Census Bureau. August 22, 2012. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  7. ^ "US Decennial Census". US Census Bureau. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  8. ^ "Historical Census Browser". University of Virginia Library. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  9. ^ "Population of Counties by Decennial Census: 1900 to 1990". US Census Bureau. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  10. ^ "Census 2000 PHC-T-4. Ranking Tables for Counties: 1990 and 2000" (PDF). US Census Bureau. Archived (PDF) from the original on March 27, 2010. Retrieved September 27, 2014.
  11. ^ a b "U.S. Census website". US Census Bureau. Retrieved March 11, 2012.
  12. ^ Diocese of Grand Rapids, Michigan (accessed 3 March 2008)
  13. ^ Worship With Us: Church Locator ComeUntoChrist.org (accessed 22 September 2018)
  14. ^ "Electric Forest". Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  15. ^ Leip, David. "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". Retrieved April 10, 2018.
  16. ^ Oceana County website: Government (accessed 22 September 2018)
  17. ^ "Oceana County MI". www.oceanacounty.net. Retrieved April 10, 2018.

Sources

43°40′N 86°32′W / 43.66°N 86.53°W / 43.66; -86.53

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