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* {{flag|North Korea}} - Democratic People's Republic of Korea (''Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk'') (since [[1948]]) <ref>[http://www.novexcn.com/dprk_constitution_98.html Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]:"The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a socialist fatherland of Juche which embodies the idea of and guidance by the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung."</ref> (see [[Constitution of North Korea]])
* {{flag|North Korea}} - Democratic People's Republic of Korea (''Chosŏn Minjujuŭi Inmin Konghwaguk'') (since [[1948]]) <ref>[http://www.novexcn.com/dprk_constitution_98.html Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea]:"The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a socialist fatherland of Juche which embodies the idea of and guidance by the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung."</ref> (see [[Constitution of North Korea]])
* {{flag|Vietnam}} - Socialist Republic of Vietnam (''Cộng hòa Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Việt Nam'') (officially in unified Vietnam since [[July 2]], [[1976]], but in the north since 1954) <ref>[http://www.vietnamlaws.com/freelaws/Constitution92(aa01).pdf/ Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]: "The Communist party of Vietnam (...), who adheres to Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's thought, is the force assuming leadership of the state and society."</ref>
* {{flag|Vietnam}} - Socialist Republic of Vietnam (''Cộng hòa Xã hội Chủ nghĩa Việt Nam'') (officially in unified Vietnam since [[July 2]], [[1976]], but in the north since 1954) <ref>[http://www.vietnamlaws.com/freelaws/Constitution92(aa01).pdf/ Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam]: "The Communist party of Vietnam (...), who adheres to Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's thought, is the force assuming leadership of the state and society."</ref>
* {{flag|Nepal}} - Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal (''संघीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल'') The country have a free and democratic state. The monarchy is gone after a revolution done by the communist in Nepal. Now it is free democracy. The country have been communist since July 19, 2008.
* {{flag|Moldova}} - Republic of Moldova (''Republica Moldova'') The country have a democratic state. It has been a communist state since January 15, 1997.
* {{flag|Belarus}} - Republic of Belaris (''Республика Беларусь'') Since the Soviet Unions and the East Blocks fall, and before that it was a communist state in the East Block.





=== Former ===
=== Former ===
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==== Constitutional references ====
==== Constitutional references ====
* {{flag|Bangladesh}} - People's Republic of Bangladesh (since [[16 December]] [[1972]]) (''Gônoprojatontri Bangladesh'') (see [[Constitution of Bangladesh]])
* {{flag|Egypt}} - Arab Republic of Egypt (Gumhūriyyet Maṣr el-ʿArabiyyah) (since [[11 September]] [[1971]]) (see [[Constitution of Egypt]])
* {{flag|Egypt}} - Arab Republic of Egypt (Gumhūriyyet Maṣr el-ʿArabiyyah) (since [[11 September]] [[1971]]) (see [[Constitution of Egypt]])
* {{flag|India}} - Republic of India (since [[2 November]] [[1976]]) (see [[Constitution of India]])
* {{flag|Libya}} - Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (''Al-Jamāhīriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah al-Lībiyyah aš-Šaʿbiyyah al-Ištirākiyyah al-ʿUẓmā'') (since [[1 September]] [[1969]])
* {{flag|Libya}} - Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya (''Al-Jamāhīriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah al-Lībiyyah aš-Šaʿbiyyah al-Ištirākiyyah al-ʿUẓmā'') (since [[1 September]] [[1969]])
⚫
* {{flag|Portugal}} - Portuguese Republic (''República Portuguesa'') (since [[1976]]) (see [[Constitution of Portugal]])
* {{flag|Sri Lanka}} Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (since [[7 September]] [[1978]]) (''see [[Constitution of Sri Lanka]]'')
* {{flag|Sri Lanka}} Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (since [[7 September]] [[1978]]) (''see [[Constitution of Sri Lanka]]'')
* {{flag|Syria}} - Syrian Arab Republic (''Al-Jumhūriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah as-Sūriyyah'') (since [[1973]]) (''see [[Constitution of Syria]])
* {{flag|Syria}} - Syrian Arab Republic (''Al-Jumhūriyyah al-ʿArabiyyah as-Sūriyyah'') (since [[1973]]) (''see [[Constitution of Syria]])
* {{flag|Venezuela}} - Bolivarian Republic Of Venezuela (''República Bolivariana de Venezuela'') (since [[1998]])
* {{flag|Tanzania}} - United Republic of Tanzania (since [[26 April]] [[1964]]) (see [[Constitution of Tanzania]])

* {{flag|Bolivia}} - Plurinational State of Bolivia (''Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia '') (since [[2005]])
==== Informal ====
⚫
* {{flag|Nicaragua}} - Republic of Nicaragua (''República de Nicaragua'') (since [[2006]])
* {{flag|Paraguay}} - Republic of Paraguay (''República de Paraguay'') (since [[2008]])
* {{flag|Nicaragua}} - Republic of Nicaragua (''República de Nicaragua'') (see [[Sandinista]])
* {{flag|Brazil}} - Federative Republic of Brazil (''República Federativa do Brasil'') (since [[2002]])
* {{flag|Venezuela}} - Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (''República Bolivariana de Venezuela'') (see [[Bolivarianism]])
* {{flag|Uruguay}} - Eastern Republic of Uruguay (''República Oriental del Uruguay'') (since [[2004]])
⚫
* {{flag|Chile}} - Republic of Chile (''República de Chile '') (since [[2006]])
* {{flag|Ecuador}} - Republic of Ecuador (''República del Ecuador '') (since [[2007]])
* {{flag|El Salvador}} - Republic of El Salvador (''República de El Salvador '') (since [[2009]])
⚫
* {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria]] (''Al-Jumhūrīyah al-Jazā’irīyah ad-Dīmuqrāṭīyah ash-Sha’bīyah'') ([[15 September]] [[1963]])
* {{flag|South Africa}} - Republic of South Africa (''Republic Of South Africa '') (since [[1994]])
* {{flag|Angola}} - Republic of Angola (''República de Angola '') (since [[1975]])
* {{flag|Mozambique}} - Republic of Mozambique (''República de Moçambique '') (since [[1975]])
* {{flag|Bulgaria}} - Republic of Bulgaria (''Република България '') (since [[2002]])
* {{flag|Mongolia}} - Mongolia (''Mongol uls '') (since [[2005]])
* {{flag|Pakistan}} - Islamic Republic of Pakistan (''اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان '') (since [[2008]])
* {{flag|Tajikistan}} - Republic of Tajikistan (''Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон'') (since [[1992]])


=== Former ===
=== Former ===
⚫
* {{flagicon|Algeria}} [[People's Democratic Republic of Algeria]] (''Al-Jumhūrīyah al-Jazā’irīyah ad-Dīmuqrāṭīyah ash-Sha’bīyah'') ([[15 September]] [[1963]] - [[23 February]] [[1989]])
* {{flagicon|Burkina Faso}} [[Burkina Faso]] {{Fact|date=December 2008}}
* {{flagicon|Burkina Faso}} [[Burkina Faso]] {{Fact|date=December 2008}}
* {{flagicon|Burma}} [[Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma]] ([[1974]]–[[2008]])<ref>[http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/constmyanmar.html The constitution of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma. 1974.</ref>
* {{flagicon|Burma}} [[Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma]] ([[1974]]–[[2008]])<ref>[http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/constmyanmar.html The constitution of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma. 1974.</ref>
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* {{flagicon|Madagascar}} [[Madagascar|Democratic Republic of Madagascar]] (''Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy'') ([[21 December]] [[1975]] - [[19 August]] [[1992]])
* {{flagicon|Madagascar}} [[Madagascar|Democratic Republic of Madagascar]] (''Repoblika Demokratika Malagasy'') ([[21 December]] [[1975]] - [[19 August]] [[1992]])
* {{flagicon|Mali}} [[Republic of Mali]] (''République du Mali'') ([[6 December]] [[1968]] - [[12 January]] [[1992]])
* {{flagicon|Mali}} [[Republic of Mali]] (''République du Mali'') ([[6 December]] [[1968]] - [[12 January]] [[1992]])
⚫
* {{flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Republic of Nicaragua]] (''República de Nicaragua'')
* {{flagicon|São Tomé and Príncipe}} [[Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe]] (''República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe''){{Fact|date=December 2008}}
* {{flagicon|São Tomé and Príncipe}} [[Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe]] (''República Democrática de São Tomé e Príncipe''){{Fact|date=December 2008}}
* {{flagicon|Senegal}} [[Republic of Senegal]] (''République du Sénégal''){{Fact|date=December 2008}}
* {{flagicon|Senegal}} [[Republic of Senegal]] (''République du Sénégal''){{Fact|date=December 2008}}

Revision as of 18:55, 16 April 2009

This is a combined map of all countries who declared themselves to be socialist states under any definition, color-coded for the number of years that the territory in question claimed to be socialist:
  Over 60 years
  50 - 60 years
  40 - 50 years
  30 - 40 years
  20 - 30 years
  10 - 20 years
  Under 10 years
Click on image to magnify.
A map of all countries who declared themselves to be socialist states, under any definition, at some point in their history.

This is a list of countries, past and present, that declared themselves socialist either in their names or their constitutions. No other criteria are used; thus, some or all of these countries may not fit any specific definition of socialism. Their only common feature is using the label "socialist" for themselves, under any interpretation. There are few, if any, definitions of socialism that could fit all the countries on this list. However, most definitions of socialism fit at least some of these countries at some points in their histories.

There are many countries that have been ruled by socialist political parties for extended periods of time without ever adopting socialism as an official ideology in their names or constitutions. Such countries are not listed here. However, see the article on the Socialist International for an up-to-date list of countries that are currently ruled by member parties of the SI (the largest present day organization of socialist political parties).

Conversely, there are some countries that maintain constitutional references to socialism without being currently ruled by a socialist political party. Those countries are included on this list.

Marxist-Leninist

These contries known as "Communist states" in the West, because their ruling parties generally use the name "Communist Party of [country]." However, the countries themselves are referred to as socialist republics, not communist, in their own constitutions. They are defined by a form of government in which the state operates under a one-party system and declares allegiance to the ideology of Marxism-Leninism. In accordance with Marxism-Leninism, the constitutions of these countries claim that all power belongs to the working class, that a democratic dictatorship of the proletariat has been implemented within their borders, and that they are building socialism, with the goal of achieving communism one day.

Current

Main article: List of current communist states
A map showing states who currently declare themselves to be Marxist-Leninist.

Former

A map of countries who declared themselves to be socialist states under the Marxist-Leninist definition (in the west known as, "Communist states") at some point in their history. The map uses present-day borders. Note that not all of these countries were Marxist-Leninist at the same time.

Non-Marxist-Leninist

These are countries whose constitutions make references to socialism, but do not subscribe to Marxist-Leninist ideology. As such, they represent a wide variety of different interpretations of the term socialism.

Map showing countries whose constitutions contained some references to socialism (under a non-Marxist definition) at some point in their history.

Current

Constitutional references

Informal

Former

Former states

Ephemeral

These are short-lived political entities that emerged during wars or revolutions (mostly in the aftermath of World War I) and declared themselves to be socialist under some interpretation of the term, but did not survive long enough to create a stable government or achieve international recognition.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Constitution of the People's Republic of China: "Both the victory of China's new-democratic revolution and the successes of its socialist cause have been achieved by the Chinese people of all nationalities under the leadership of the Communist Party of China and the guidance of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought, and by upholding truth, correcting errors and overcoming numerous difficulties and hardships."
  2. ^ Constitution of the Republic of Cuba: WE, CUBAN CITIZENS, heirs and continuators of the creative work and the traditions of combativity, firmness, heroism and sacrifice fostered (...) by those who promoted, joined and developed the first organizations of workers and peasants, spread socialist ideas and founded the first Marxist and Marxist-Leninist movements."
  3. ^ Constitution of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea:"The Democratic People's Republic of Korea is a socialist fatherland of Juche which embodies the idea of and guidance by the great leader Comrade Kim Il Sung."
  4. ^ Constitution of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam: "The Communist party of Vietnam (...), who adheres to Marxism-Leninism and Ho Chi Minh's thought, is the force assuming leadership of the state and society."
  5. ^ [http://www.thailawforum.com/database1/constmyanmar.html The constitution of the Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma. 1974.
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