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| name = Siemens AG
| name = Siemens AG
| logo = [[File:Siemens AG logo.svg|200px|Siemens logo]]
| logo = [[File:Siemens AG logo.svg|200px|Siemens logo]]
| type = [[Aktiengesellschaft]]
| traded_as = {{FWB|SIE}}
| founder = [[Werner von Siemens]]
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1847|10|01}}<br />([[Berlin]], [[Kingdom of Prussia]])
| location = [[Berlin]] and [[Munich]], Germany
| area_served = Worldwide
| key_people = [[Joe Kaeser]]<br />(President & CEO)<br />[[:de:Gerhard Cromme|Gerhard Cromme]]<br />(Chairman of the Supervisory Board)
| industry = [[Conglomerate (company)|Conglomerate]]
| products = [[Power generation]] technology, industrial and buildings [[automation]], [[medical technology]], [[Train|railway vehicles]], [[water treatment]] systems, [[fire alarm]]s, [[Siemens PLM Software|PLM software]]
| services = [[Tertiary sector of the economy|Business services]], [[financing]], [[project engineer]]ing and [[construction]]
| revenue = {{Decrease}} €71.920 billion (2014)<ref name="AR2011">{{cite web |url=http://www.siemens.com/annual/13/en/key-figures/ |title=Siemens Financial Statements |accessdate=23 January 2013 |publisher=Siemens}}</ref>
| operating_income = {{Decrease}} €4.212 billion (2013)<ref name="AR2011" />
| net_income = {{Increase}} €5.507 billion (2014)<ref name="AR2011" />
| assets = {{Increase}} €104.879 billion (2014)<ref name="AR2011" />
| equity = {{Increase}} €31.514 billion (2014)<ref name="AR2011" />
| num_employees = 362,000 (2013)<ref name="AR2011" />
| divisions = Industry, Energy, Healthcare, Infrastructure and Cities
| homepage = {{URL|http://www.siemens.com/}}
}}

'''Siemens AG''' ({{IPA-de|ˈziːmɛns}}) is a German [[Multinational corporation|multinational]] [[Conglomerate (company)|conglomerate]] company headquartered in [[Berlin]] and [[Munich]]. It is the largest engineering company in [[Europe]]. The principal divisions of the company are ''Industry'', ''Energy'', ''Healthcare'', and ''Infrastructure & Cities'', which represent the main activities of the company. The company is a prominent maker of medical diagnostics equipment and its medical health-care division, which generates about 12 percent of the company's total sales, is its second-most profitable unit, after the industrial automation division.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=20601100&sid=agxq4nZkE.lc&refer=germany | title=Bloomberg.com | accessdate=2008-01-12 | date=20 May 2007}}</ref>

Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 362,000 people worldwide and reported global revenue of around €71.9 billion in 2014 according to their annual report.

==History==<!-- Siemens and Halske historical links make here... -->
[[File:Werner-von-Siemens.png|thumb|[[Werner von Siemens]]]]

===1847 to 1901===
[[Siemens & Halske]] was founded by [[Werner von Siemens]] and [[Johann Georg Halske]] on 12 October 1847. Based on the [[telegraph]], his invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using [[Morse code]]. The company, then called ''Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske'', opened its first workshop on October 12.

In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500&nbsp;km from Berlin to [[Frankfurt am Main]]. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens later [[Carl Wilhelm Siemens|Sir William Siemens]] started to represent the company in London. The [[Siemens Brothers|London agency]] became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, [[Carl Heinrich von Siemens]], opened in [[St Petersburg]], Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European ([[Kolkata|Calcutta]] to [[London]]) telegraph line.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://w4.siemens.de/archiv/en/laender/asien/indien.html | title=Siemens history | accessdate=2008-01-12}}</ref>

In 1867, Werner von Siemens described a [[dynamo]] without permanent magnets (independently invented also by [[Charles Wheatstone]]), and Siemens became the first company to build such devices.

In 1881, a Siemens [[Alternating current|AC]] [[Alternator]] driven by a [[watermill]] was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of [[Godalming]], United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into [[electric trains]] and [[light bulbs]]. In 1890, the founder retired and left running the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm. In 1887 it opened its first office in Japan.<ref>Siemens website [http://www.siemens.com/history/en/news/1125_japan.htm August 1, 2012 – 125 Years Siemens in Japan (1887–2012)] Retrieved on August 12, 2013</ref>

===1901 to 1933===
Siemens & Halske (S & H) was incorporated in 1897, and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert & Co., Nuremberg in 1903 to become [[Siemens-Schuckert]].

In 1907, Siemens ([[Siemens & Halske]] and [[Siemens-Schuckert]]) had 34,324 employees and was the seventh-largest company in the German empire by number of employees.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Fiedler|first=Martin|year=1999|title=Die 100 größten Unternehmen in Deutschland – nach der Zahl ihrer Beschäftigten – 1907, 1938, 1973 und 1995|journal=Zeitschrift für Unternehmensgeschichte|publisher=Verlag C.H. Beck|location=[[Munich]]|volume=1|pages=32–66|language=German}}</ref> (see [[List of German companies by employees in 1907]])

In 1919, S & H and two other companies jointly formed the [[Osram]] [[lightbulb]] company.

During the 1920s and 1930s, S & H started to manufacture [[radios]], [[television set]]s, and [[electron microscopes]].

In 1932, [[:de:Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall|Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall]] (Erlangen), [[Phönix AG]] (Rudolstadt) and [[Siemens-Reiniger-Veifa mbH]] (Berlin) merged to form the [[Siemens-Reiniger-Werke AG]] (SRW), the third of the so-called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present-day Siemens AG.<ref name="historysite">
{{cite web
| url = http://www.siemens.com/history/en/siemens_corporate_archives/profile.htm
| title = Siemens history site – Profile
| author =
| archiveurl = http://www.webcitation.org/5uABpY0NJ
| archivedate = 2010-11-11
| accessdate = 2010-11-11
}}
</ref>

In the 1920s, Siemens constructed the [[Ardnacrusha power plant|Ardnacrusha]] Hydro Power station on the [[River Shannon]] in the then [[Irish Free State]], and it was a world first for its design. The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its under-paid workers only to be overruled by the [[Cumann na nGaedheal]] government.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qn4161/is_20020804/ai_n12846719 |title=Ardnacrusha – Dam hard job |author= |date=4 August 2002 |work=[[Sunday Mirror]] |accessdate=18 September 2010 | first=Andrew | last=Bushe}}</ref>

===1933 to 1945===
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 183-R97782, Berlin, Wahlwerbung der NSDAP in.jpg|right|210px|thumb|A Siemens truck being used as a [[Nazi]] [[public address]] vehicle in 1932]]

Siemens (at the time: [[Siemens-Schuckert]]) employed some skilled labor among deported people in [[extermination camps]]. The company owned a plant in [[Auschwitz concentration camp]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Arendt|first1=Hannah|title=Eichmann in Jerusalem. Ein Bericht von der Banalität des Bösen|date=1964|location=München|isbn=978-3-492-24822-8|pages=163}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Guilpin|first1=Anaïs|title=Le travail forcé dans les camps|url=http://www.histoire-image.org/site/oeuvre/analyse.php?i=1217|website=L'Histoire par l'image|accessdate=24 January 2015|language=French}}</ref>

During the final years of [[World War II]], numerous plants and factories in Berlin and other major cities were destroyed by Allied air raids. To prevent further losses, manufacturing was therefore moved to alternative places and regions not affected by the air war. The goal was to secure continued production of important war-related and everyday goods. According to records, Siemens was operating almost 400 alternative or relocated manufacturing plants at the end of 1944 and in early 1945.

In 1972, Siemens sued German satirist F.C. Delius for his satirical history of the company, ''Unsere Siemenswelt'', and it was determined much of the book contained false claims although the trial itself publicized Siemens' history in Nazi Germany.<ref>[http://www.adl.org/braun/dim_13_2_forgetting_print.asp German Industry and the Third Reich: Fifty Years of Forgetting and Remembering]. Adl.org. Retrieved on 2013-09-19.</ref> The company supplied electrical parts to [[Nazi concentration camps]] and [[death camps]]. The factories had poor working conditions, where malnutrition and death were common. Also, the scholarship has shown that the camp factories were created, run, and supplied by the [[SS]], in conjunction with company officials, sometimes high-level officials.<ref>Anna Vavak: Siemens & Halske AG in the women's concentration camp at Ravensbrück</ref><ref>[http://www.rosalux.de/publication/14103/siemens-amp-halske-im-frauenkonzentrationslager RLS - Siemens & Halske im Frauenkonzentrationslager Ravensbrück]. Rosalux.de. Retrieved on 2013-09-19.</ref><ref>Bärbel Schindler-Saefkow – Jg. 1943, Dr. phil., Historikerin, Leiterin des Projekts »Gedenkbuch Ravensbrück".</ref><ref>Margarete Buber: 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler, Frankf / Main, Berlin 1993</ref>

Siemens businessman and [[Nazi Party]] member [[John Rabe]] is, however, credited with saving many Chinese lives during the infamous [[Nanking Massacre]]. He later toured Germany lecturing on the atrocities committed by Japanese forces in Nanking.<ref name="John Rabe">[http://www.moreorless.au.com/heroes/rabe.html John Rabe], moreorless</ref>

===1945 to 2001===
[[File:Siemens-electron-microscope.jpg|thumb|upright|A 1973 Siemens [[electron microscope]] on display at the [[Musée des Arts et Métiers]] in Paris]]
In the 1950s and from their new base in [[Bavaria]], S&H started to manufacture [[computer]]s, [[semiconductor device]]s, [[washing machines]], and [[Artificial pacemaker|pacemakers]].

In 1966, [[Siemens & Halske]] (S&H, founded in 1847), [[Siemens-Schuckert]]werke (SSW, founded in 1903) and [[Siemens-Reiniger-Werke]] (SRW, founded in 1932) merged to form Siemens AG.<ref name="historysite"/>

In 1969, Siemens formed Kraftwerk Union with [[AEG]] by pooling their nuclear power businesses.<ref name=WSJ110415>{{cite news|url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704547804576260953845777640.html |title=Siemens Rethinks Nuclear Ambitions |date=2011-04-15 |author= Vanessa Fuhrmans |publisher=The Wall Street Journal }}</ref>

The company's first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980. In 1988 Siemens and [[General Electric Company plc|GEC]] acquired the UK defence and technology company [[Plessey]]. Plessey's holdings were split, and Siemens took over the [[avionics]], [[radar]] and traffic control businesses — as [[Siemens Plessey]].

In 1985, Siemens bought [[Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company|Allis-Chalmers]]' interest in the partnership company [[Siemens-Allis]] (formed 1978) which supplied electrical control equipment. It was incorporated into Siemens' Energy and Automation division.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.accontroldirect.com/ |title=Allis-Chalmers & Siemens-Allis Electrical Control Parts |author= |work=information about Siemens-Allis |publisher=Accontroldirect.com |accessdate= }}</ref>

In 1987, Siemens reintegrated Kraftwerk Union, the unit overseeing nuclear power business.<ref name=WSJ110415/>

In 1991, Siemens acquired [[Nixdorf Computer AG]] and renamed it [[Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme]] AG, in order to produce [[personal computer]]s.

In October 1991, Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of [[Texas Instruments]], Inc, based in [[Johnson City, Tennessee]]. This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc., and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation, Inc.

In 1992, Siemens bought out [[IBM]]'s half of [[ROLM]] (Siemens had bought into ROLM 5 years earlier), thus creating SiemensROLM Communications; eventually dropping ROLM from the name later in the 1990s.

In 1997, Siemens agreed to sell the defence arm of [[Siemens Plessey]] to [[British Aerospace]] (BAe) and a German aerospace company, [[DaimlerChrysler Aerospace]]. BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://production.investis.com/heritage/nonflash/lineage/systems/1988_siemens_plessey_electonic_s/ | year=1988 |title=Siemens Plessey Electronic Systems |author= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=}}</ref>

In October 1997, Siemens Financial Services (SFS) was founded to act as competence center for financing issues and as a manager of financial risks within Siemens.

In 1998, Siemens acquired [[Westinghouse Electric Company|Westinghouse Power Generation]] for more than $1.5 billion from CBS corp and moving Siemens from third to second the world power generation market.<ref>{{cite news|last=Reuters|title=Siemens to Buy Power Unit From Westinghouse|url=http://articles.latimes.com/1997/nov/15/business/fi-53901|work=LA Times|publisher=Los Angeles Times|accessdate=2013-04-02|date=15 November 1997}}</ref>

In 1999, Siemens' semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company called [[Infineon Technologies]]. In the same year, Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG became part of [[Fujitsu Siemens Computers]] AG, with its [[retail banking]] technology group becoming [[Wincor Nixdorf]].

In 2000, [[Shared Medical Systems Corporation]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.answers.com/topic/shared-medical-systems-corporation |title=Company History: Shared Medical Systems Corporation |author=Dave Mote |work= |publisher=[[Answers.com]] |accessdate=}}</ref> was acquired by the Siemens' Medical Engineering Group,<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2000/05/02/business/company-news-siemens-to-acquire-shared-medical-systems.html |title=Company News: Siemans to acquire Shared Medical Systems |author= |date=2 May 2000 |work=[[The New York Times]] |accessdate=}}</ref> eventually becoming part of [[Siemens Medical Solutions]].

Also in 2000 [[Atecs-Mannesman]] was acquired by Siemens,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://geschichte.salzgitter-ag.com/en/history-of-the-divisions/business-unit-energy/history-of-mannesmann.html |title=Mannesmann Archive – brief history |author= |date=2000 |work= |publisher=Mannesmann-archiv.de |accessdate= |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/20150123115944/http://geschichte.salzgitter-ag.com/en/history-of-the-divisions/business-unit-energy/history-of-mannesmann.html |archivedate=January 23, 2015 }}</ref> The sale was finalised in April 2001 with 50% of the shares acquired, acquisition, ''Mannesmann VDO AG'' merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG, ''Atecs Mannesmann Dematic Systems'' merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dematic AG, ''Mannesmann Demag Delaval'' merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siemens.com/investor/pool/en/investor_relations/downloadcenter/36902clean.pdf |title=Report to Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. |author= |date=27 August 2002 |work= |publisher=Siemens.com |accessdate=}}</ref> Other parts of the company were acquired by [[Robert Bosch GmbH]] at the same time.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-63262128.html |title=Article: Bosch, Siemens to buy Atecs Mannesmann unit. (Brief Article) |author=Bruce Davis |date=1 June 2000 |work=European Rubber Journal Article |publisher=Highbeam.com |accessdate=}}</ref>

===2001 to 2011===
[[File:ICE 3 Oberhaider-Wald-Tunnel.jpg|thumb|A [[Siemens Velaro]] high speed train in service on the [[Köln–Frankfurt high-speed rail line]]]]
In 2001 Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group;<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chemtech.com.br/lportal/web/guest/nossa_empresa |title=Chemtech: A Siemens' company |author= |work= |publisher=Chemtech.com |accessdate=}}</ref> it provides industrial process optimisation, consultancy and other engineering services.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.energy.siemens.com/us/en/industries-utilities/oil-gas/consulting/chemtech.htm |title=Chemtech – A Siemens Company |author= |work= |publisher=energy.siemens.com |accessdate=}}</ref>

Also in 2001, Siemens formed joint venture Framatome with [[Areva|Areva SA]] of France by merging much of the companies' nuclear businesses.<ref name=WSJ110415/>

In 2002, Siemens sold some of its business activities to [[Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co.]] L.P. (KKR), with its metering business included in the sale package.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elp.com/articles/2002/09/siemens-completes-sale-of-business-activities-to-private-equity-house-kkr.html |title= Siemens completes sale of business activities to private equity house KKR |date=26 September 2002 |accessdate=27 July 2013}}</ref>

In 2003 Siemens acquired the flow division of [[Danfoss]] and incorporated it into the Automation and Drives division.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.automation.siemens.com/w1/sfi-as-nordborg-acquisition-of-flow-division-of-danfoss-successful-15340.htm |title=Acquisition of Flow Division of Danfoss successful |author= |date=6 September 2003 |work= |publisher=Automation.siemens.com |accessdate= }}</ref> Also in 2003 Siemens acquired IndX software (realtime data organisation and presentation).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.itworld.com/031202siemensindx |title=Siemens to buy IndX Software |author= |date=2 December 2003 |work= |publisher=ITworld.com |accessdate=18 September 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://finance.siemens.com/financialservices/venturecapital/Portfolio/Previous_Investments/Pages/Previous_Investments.aspx#IndX%20SOFTWARE%20CORPORATION |title=Siemens Venture Capital – Investments |author= |work=IndX Software Corporation |publisher=Finance.siemens.com |accessdate= }}</ref> The same year in an unrelated development Siemens reopened its office in [[Kabul]].<ref>{{UN document |docid=S-PV-4943 |body=Security Council |meeting=4943 |page=7 |anchor=pg006-bk02 |date=15 April 2004 |time=undefined |accessdate=2007-09-06 }}</ref> Also in 2003 agreed to buy Alstom Industrial Turbines; a manufacturer of small, medium and industrial gas turbines for €1.1 billion.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/2848464/Siemens-to-buy-Alstom-turbines.html |title=Siemens to buy Alstom turbines |author=Malcolm Moore |date=7 April 2003 |work= |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk |accessdate=18 September 2010 | location=London}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alstom.com/pr_corp_v2/2003/20477.EN.php?languageId=EN&dir=/pr_corp_v2/2003/&idRubriqueCourante=23132 |title=Alstom completes the sale of its medium gas turbines and industrial steam turbines businesses to Siemens |author= |date=1 August 2003 |work= |publisher=Alstom.com |accessdate=}}</ref>
On February 11, 2003, Siemens planned to shorten phones' shelf life by bringing out annual Xelibri lines, with new devices launched as spring -summer and autumn-winter collections.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scmp.com/article/405881/siemens-covets-style-over-substance |title= Siemens covets style over substance
}}</ref> On March 6, 2003, the company opened an office in San Jose.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://connection.ebscohost.com/c/articles/9261279/siemens-vc-unit-opens-u-s-headquarters |title= SIEMENS UNIT OPENS OFFICE IN SAN JOSE
}}</ref> On March 7, 2003, the company announced that it planned to gain 10 per cent of the mainland China market for handsets.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scmp.com/article/408382/siemens-targets-10pc-handsets |title= SIEMENS TARGETS 10pc OF HANDSETS}}</ref> On March 18, 2003, the company unveiled the latest in its series of Xelibri fashion phones.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lexis.com/research/retrieve?_m=8dc459dfd49cb2ea7f1585d02aea62c7&docnum=42&_fmtstr=FULL&_startdoc=1&wchp=dGLzVzB-zSkAz&_md5=27adfb9df67dc2638416c88bbfb87e50 |title= Siemens puts fashion way out in front
}}</ref>

In 2004 the wind energy company Bonus Energy in [[Brande]], Denmark was acquired,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://guidedtour.windpower.org/composite-324.htm |title=Siemens buys Bonus Energy |author=Eva Balslev |date=20 October 2004 |work= |publisher=Guidedtour.windpower.org |accessdate=}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.edubourse.com/finance/actualites.php?actu=16515 |title=Siemens to acquire Bonus Energy A/S in Denmark and enter wind energy business |author= |date=20 October 2004 |work= |publisher=Edubourse.com |accessdate=18 September 2010}}</ref> forming [[Siemens Wind Power]] division.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.energy.siemens.com/hq/pool/hq/energy-topics/venture/Venture2.pdf |title=Siemens Venture magazine |author= |date = May 2005|page=5 |work= |publisher=energy.siemens.com |accessdate=}}</ref> Also in 2004 Siemens invested in Dasan Networks (South Korea, broadband network equipment) acquiring ~40% of the shares,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.totaltele.com/view.aspx?ID=377131 |title=Siemens ICN to invest E100m in Korean unit Dasan |author=Michael Newlands |date=17 June 2004 |work=Total Telecom |publisher=Totaltele.com |accessdate=}}</ref> [[Nokia Siemens]] disinvested itself of the shares in 2008.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/articleshow/3415437.cms |title=Nokia Siemens Networks sells 56 pc stake in Dasan |author= |date=28 August 2008 |agency=[[Reuters]] |publisher=Economictimes.indiatimes.com |accessdate= |deadurl=yes}} {{Dead link|date=May 2011|bot=RjwilmsiBot}}</ref> The same year Siemens acquired Photo-Scan (UK, [[CCTV]] systems)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-14639150_ITM |title=Siemens hits the UK market running with Photo-Scan takeover |author= |date=1 November 2004 |work= |publisher=CCTV Today |accessdate=}}</ref> US Filter Corporation (water and Waste Water Treatment Technologies/ Solutions, acquired from [[Veolia]]),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-21319562_ITM |title=Siemens acquires US Filter Corp (Siemens setzt auf Wasser und plant weitere Zukaufe) |author= |date=13 May 2004 |work=Europe Intelligence Wire |publisher=Accessmylibrary.com |accessdate=18 September 2010}}</ref> Hunstville Electronics Corporation (automobile electronics, acquired from [[Chrysler]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.emsnow.com/newsarchives/archivedetails.cfm?ID=4018 |title=Chrysler Group's Huntsville electronics ops to be acquired by Siemens VDO Automotive |author= |date=10 February 2004 |work= |publisher=Emsnow.com |accessdate= }}</ref> and Chantry Networks ([[WLAN]] equipment)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.techworld.com/mobile-wireless/2789/siemens-swallows-start-up-chantry/ |title=Siemens swallows start-up Chantry |author=John Cox |date=10 December 2004 |work=Network World Fusion Network World US |publisher=News.techworld.com |accessdate=18 September 2010}}</ref>

In 2005 Siemens sold the [[Siemens mobile]] manufacturing business to [[BenQ]], forming the [[BenQ-Siemens]] division. Also in 2005 Siemens acquired Flender Holding GmbH ([[Bocholt, Germany|Bocholt]], Germany, gears/industrial drives),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.flender.com/content_manager/page.php?ID=6026959&dbc=9bcf52d140b1851dc151087510875506 |title=Company History: Flender |author= |work= |publisher=Flender.com |accessdate= }}</ref> Bewator AB (building security systems),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.buildingtechnologies.siemens.com/bt/uk/News_and_Events/Electronic_Security_Products/Documents/Name_change.pdf |title=Bewator: a bright future with a brand new name |author= |date = April 2008|work= |publisher=buildingtechnologies.siemens.com'' |accessdate= }}</ref> Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control, Inc. (Industrial and power station dust control systems),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m0EIN/is_2005_Oct_5/ai_n15676372/ |title=Siemens Power Generation Acquires Pittsburgh-Based Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control, Inc.; Business Portfolio Expanded to Include Emission Prevention and Control Solutions |author= |date=5 October 2005 |work=[[Business Wire]] |publisher=Findarticles.com |accessdate= }}</ref> AN Windenegrie GmbH. (Wind energy),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.windmesse.de/presse/1989.html |title=Siemens uebernimmt AN Windenergie GmbH |author= |date=3 November 2005 |work= |publisher=Windmesse.de |accessdate=}}</ref> Power Technologies Inc. ([[Schenectady]], USA, energy industry software and training),<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/article-1G1-126906008/german-conglomerate-siemens-buys.html |title=German conglomerate Siemens buys Schenectady, N.Y.-based energy software firm |author= |date=11 January 2005 |work=Times Union (Albany, New York) |publisher=Accesssmylibrary.com |accessdate= | first=Dan | last=Higgins}}</ref> CTI Molecular Imaging ([[Positron emission tomography]] and [[molecular imaging]] systems),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.allbusiness.com/specialty-businesses/855501-1.html |title=Siemens buys CTI molecular imaging |author= |date=15 May 2005 |work=Instrument Business Outlook |publisher=Allbusiness.com |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Siemens+acquires+CTI+Molecular+Imaging.-a0209239134 |title=Siemens acquires CTI Molecular Imaging |author= |work= |publisher=Thefreelibrary.com |accessdate= }}</ref> Myrio ([[IPTV]] systems),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.crunchbase.com/company/myrio |title=Myrio |author= |work= |publisher=Crunchbase.com |accessdate= }}</ref> Shaw Power Technologoes International Ltd (UK/USA, electrical engineering consulting, acquired from [[Shaw Group]]),<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.alacrastore.com/storecontent/Thomson_M&A/Siemens_Power_Transmission_acquires_Shaw_Power_Tech_Int_Ltd_from_Shaw_Group_Inc-1630172040 |title=Siemens Power Transmission acquires Shaw Power Tech Int Ltd from Shaw Group Inc |author= |date = December 2004|work=Thomson Financial Mergers & Acquisitions |publisher=Alacrastore.com |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.accessmylibrary.com/coms2/summary_0286-18980280_ITM |title=Siemens Power Transmission & Distribution has acquired the business activities of Shaw Power Technologies Inc. in the U.S. and Shaw Power Technologies Limited in the U.K. |author= |date=1 January 2005 |work=Utility Automation & Engineering T&D |publisher=Alacrastore.com |accessdate=}}</ref> and Transmitton ([[Ashby de la Zouch]] UK, rail and other industry control and asset management).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siemenstransportation.co.uk/press/PR_SiemensAcquiresTransmitton_15_09_05.pdf |title=Siemens acquires Transmitton |author= |date=15 August 2005 |work=Press release |publisher=Siemenstransportation.co.uk |accessdate=}}</ref>

In 2006, Siemens announced the purchase of Bayer Diagnostics, which was incorporated into the Medical Solutions Diagnostics division on 1 January 2007,{{Citation needed|date=August 2010}} also in 2006 Siemens acquired Controlotron (New York) (ultrasonic flow meters)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://impeller.net/magazine/news_en/doc3511x.asp |title=Siemens Acquires Controlotron |author= |work= |publisher=Impeller.net |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sea.siemens.com/us/Products/Process-Instrumentation/Support/Pages/Controlotron-Clamp-on-Reference.aspx |title=Controlotron Company Reference |author= |work= |publisher=Sea.siemens.com |accessdate=}} []</ref> Also in 2006 Siemens acquired Diagnostic Products Corp., Kadon Electro Mechanical Services Ltd. (now TurboCare Canada Ltd.), Kühnle, Kopp, & Kausch AG, Opto Control, and VistaScape Security Systems<ref>[http://www.buildingtechnologies.siemens.com/bt/us/Press/press_release/2006/Pages/2006SBTAcquiresVistascape.aspx ] {{wayback|url=http://www.buildingtechnologies.siemens.com/bt/us/Press/press_release/2006/Pages/2006SBTAcquiresVistascape.aspx |date=20150415162533 }}</ref>

[[File:Wildorado Wind Ranch, Oldham County, TX IMG 4919.JPG|thumb|Siemens power generating wind turbine towers]]
In March 2007 a Siemens board member was temporarily arrested and accused of illegally financing a business-friendly labour association which competes against the union [[IG Metall]]. He has been released on bail. Offices of the labour union and of Siemens have been searched. Siemens denies any wrongdoing.<ref name="ftcom">{{cite web|title=Board member arrested in new blow for Siemens|url=http://www.ft.com/cms/s/75295b46-dcc9-11db-a21d-000b5df10621.html}}</ref> In April the Fixed Networks, Mobile Networks and Carrier Services divisions of Siemens merged with [[Nokia]]'s Network Business Group in a 50/50 joint venture, creating a fixed and mobile network company called [[Nokia Siemens Networks]]. Nokia delayed the merger<ref>[[Associated Press]] quoted by [[Forbes]]: [http://www.forbes.com/feeds/ap/2007/03/15/ap3519507.html ''Nokia-Siemens Venture to Start in April''], March 15, 2007</ref> due to bribery investigations against Siemens.<ref name="iht0">[[International Herald Tribune]]: [http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/03/13/business/siemens.php ''Bribery trial deepens Siemens woes''], March 13, 2007</ref> In October 2007, a court in Munich found that the company had bribed public officials in Libya, Russia, and Nigeria in return for the awarding of contracts; four former Nigerian Ministers of Communications were among those named as recipients of the payments. The company admitted to having paid the bribes and agreed to pay a fine of 201 million euros. In December 2007, the Nigerian government cancelled a contract with Siemens due to the bribery findings.<ref>{{Cite news|first=Ben |last= Agande |authorlink= |author2=Miebi Senge |title=Bribe: FG blacklists Siemens |url= http://www.vanguardngr.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=2621&Itemid=41 |work= Vanguard |publisher= Vanguard Media |date=2007-12-05 |accessdate=2007-12-07 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|first=Juliana |last=Taiwo |title= FG Blacklists Siemens, Cancels Contract |url=http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=97185 |work=Thisday |publisher=Leaders & Company |date=2007-12-06 |accessdate=2007-12-07 |archiveurl = http://web.archive.org/web/20071208042202/http://www.thisdayonline.com/nview.php?id=97185 |archivedate = 2007-12-08}}</ref>

Also in 2007 Siemens acquired Vai Ingdesi Automation (Argentina, Industrial Automation), [[UGS Corp.]], Dade Behring, Sidelco ([[Quebec]], Canada), S/D Engineers Inc., and Gesellschaft für Systemforschung und Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen mbH (GSD) (Germany).

In July 2008, Siemens AG announced a joint venture of the Enterprise Communications business with the Gores Group. The Gores Group holding a majority interest of 51% stake, with Siemens AG holding a minority interest of 49%.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/oilRpt/idUKL928141920080729 |title=Siemens to spin off SEN into JV with Gores Group |author= |date=29 July 2008|agency=Reuters|publisher= |accessdate= }}</ref>

In August 2008, Siemens Project Ventures invested $15 million in the [[Arava Power Company]]. In a press release published that month, [[Peter Löscher]], President and CEO of Siemens AG said: “This investment is another consequential step in further strengthening our green and sustainable technologies”. Siemens now holds a 40% stake in the company.
<ref>{{Cite press release | title = Siemens invests $ 15 million in Israeli solar company Arava Power | publisher = Siemens AG | date = August 28, 2009 | url = https://finance.siemens.com/financialservices/global/en/press/press_releases/Documents/Press_Release_Arava_Power_eng.pdf | accessdate =June 27, 2011}}</ref>

In January 2009, Siemens announced to sell its 34% stake in Framatome, complaining limited managerial influence. In March, it announced to form an alliance with [[Rosatom]] of Russia to engage in nuclear-power activities.<ref name=WSJ110415/>

In April 2009, [[Fujitsu Siemens Computers]] became [[Fujitsu Technology Solutions]] as a result of Fujitsu buying out Siemens' share of the company.

In October 2009, Siemens signed a $418 million contract to buy [[Solel|Solel Solar Systems]] an Israeli company in the solar thermal power business.<ref name="Siemens ERE200910.13e">{{cite press release |title= Siemens to decisively strengthen its position in the growth market solar thermal power.Reference number: Siemens ERE200910.13e |publisher= Siemens AG. Press Office Energy Sector – Renewable Energy Division|date=15 October 2009|url= http://w1.siemens.com/press/pool/de/pressemitteilungen/2009/renewable_energy/ERE20091013e.pdf|format= PDF|accessdate= |quote= }} Retrieved 4 May 2011.</ref>

In December 2010 Siemens agreed to sell its IT Solutions and Services subsidiary for €850 million to [[Atos]]. As part of the deal, Siemens agreed to take a 15% stake in the enlarged Atos, to be held for a minimum of five years. In addition, Siemens concluded a seven-year outsourcing contract worth around €5.5 billion, under which Atos will provide managed services and systems integration to Siemens.

===2011 to present===
In March 2011, it was decided to list [[Osram]] on the stock market in the autumn, but CEO Peter Löscher said Siemens intended to retain a long-term interest in the company, which was already independent from the technological and managerial viewpoints.

In September 2011 Siemens, which had been responsible for constructing all 17 of Germany's existing nuclear power plants, announced that it would exit the [[nuclear sector]] following the [[Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster|Fukushima disaster]] and the subsequent changes to German energy policy. Chief executive Peter Löscher has supported the German government's planned ''[[Energiewende]]'', its transition to renewable energy technologies, calling it a "project of the century" and saying Berlin's target of reaching 35% renewable energy sources by 2020 was feasible.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-14963575 | work=BBC News | title=Siemens to quit nuclear industry | date=18 September 2011}}</ref>

In November 2012, Siemens acquired the Rail division of [[Invensys]] for £1.7 billion. In the same month, Siemens made the announcement of acquiring a [[privately held company]], LMS International NV.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rttnews.com/2001055/siemens-to-acquire-lms-international-quick-facts.aspx |title= Siemens To Acquire LMS International - Quick Facts |date=8 November 2012 |accessdate=31 July 2013}}</ref>

In August 2013, Nokia acquired 100% of the company Nokia Siemens Networks, with a buy-out of Siemens AG, ending Siemens role in telecommunication.<ref>{{cite web|last=Ewing |first=Adam |url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2013-06-30/nokia-said-to-agree-to-buy-siemens-stake-in-nsn-networks-venture |title=Nokia Buys Out Siemens in Equipment Venture for $2.2 Billion (4) |publisher=Businessweek |date=2013-07-01 |accessdate=2013-08-05}}</ref>

In August 2013, Siemens won a $966.8 million order for power plant components from oil firm [[Saudi Aramco]], the largest bid it has ever received from the Saudi company.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/08/06/us-siemens-orders-saudi-idUSBRE97508X20130806| title=Siemens wins $967 million order from Saudi Aramco | author=Maria Sheahan | publisher=Reuters | date=6 August 2013}}</ref>

In 2014, Siemens plans to build a $264 million facility for making offshore wind turbines in Paull, England, as Britain’s wind power rapidly expands. Siemens chose the Hull area on the east coast of England because it is close to other large offshore projects planned in coming years. The new plant is expected to begin producing turbine rotor blades in 2016. The plant and the associated service center, in [[Green Port Hull]] nearby, will employ about 1,000 workers. The facilities will serve the UK market, where the electricity that major power producers generate from wind grew by about 38 percent in 2013, representing about 6 percent of total electricity, according to government figures. There are also plans to increase Britain’s wind-generating capacity at least threefold by 2020, to 14 gigawatts.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/26/business/international/siemens-to-invest-264-million-in-british-wind-turbine-project.html?_r=0 |title=Siemens to Invest $264 Million in British Wind Turbine Project |author=Stanley Reedmarch |date=25 March 2014 |work=New York Times }}</ref>

In May 2014, Rolls-Royce agreed to sell its gas turbine and compressor energy business to Siemens for £1 Billion.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/newsbysector/energy/10812390/Rolls-Royce-sells-energy-arm-to-Siemens-in-1bn-deal.html |title=Rolls-Royce sells energy arm to Siemens in £1bn deal |date=7 May 2014 |work=The Telegraph |location=London}}</ref> In June 2014 Siemens and [[Mitsubishi Heavy Industries]] announced their formation of joint ventures to bid for [[Alstom]]'s troubled energy and transportation businesses (in locomotives, steam turbines, and aircraft engines). A rival bid by [[General Electric]] (GE) has been criticized by French government sources, who consider Alstom's operations as a "vital national interest" at a moment when the French unemployment level stands above 10% and some voters are turning towards the far-right.<ref>[http://www.reuters.com/article/2014/06/16/us-alstom-siemens-offer-idUSKBN0ER0MC20140616 Jens Hack and Natalie Huet, "Siemens and Mitsubishi challenge GE with Alstom offer", ''Reuters'' (June 16 2014).]</ref>

In September 2014,Siemens said it would buy U.S. oilfield equipment maker [[Dresser-Rand Group]] Inc for $7.6 billion<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.investing.com/news/stock-market-news/siemens-in-agreed-$7.6-billion-deal-to-buy-dresser-rand-310253| title=Siemens in agreed $7.6 billion deal to buy Dresser-Rand | author=Ludwig Burger | publisher=Investing.com | date=22 September 2014}}</ref>

==Products, services & contribution==
Siemens offers a wide range of electrical engineering- and electronics-related products and services.<ref name=reutprof>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/finance/stocks/companyProfile?symbol=SI|title=Profile: Siemens AG|accessdate=3 September 2012|publisher=Reuters}}</ref> Its products can be broadly divided into the following categories: buildings-related products; drives, automation and industrial plant-related products; energy-related products; lighting; medical products; and transportation and logistics-related products.<ref name=reutprof/>

Siemens buildings-related products include building-automation equipment and systems; building-operations equipment and systems; building fire-safety equipment and systems; building-security equipment and systems; and low-voltage switchgear including circuit protection and distribution products.<ref name=reutprof/>

Siemens drives, automation and industrial plant-related products include motors and drives for conveyor belts; pumps and compressors; heavy duty motors and drives for rolling steel mills; compressors for oil and gas pipelines; mechanical components including gears for wind turbines and cement mills; automation equipment and systems and controls for production machinery and machine tools; and industrial plant for water processing and raw material processing.<ref name=reutprof/>

Siemens energy-related products include gas and steam turbines; generators; compressors; on- and offshore wind turbines; high-voltage transmission products; power transformers; high-voltage switching products and systems; alternating and direct current transmission systems; medium-voltage components and systems; and power automation products.<ref name=reutprof/>

Siemens OSRAM subsidiary produces lighting products including incandescent, halogen, compact fluorescent, fluorescent, high-intensity discharge and Xenon lamps; opto-electronic semiconductor light sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs, high power laser diodes, LED systems and LED luminaires; electronic equipment including electronic ballasts; lighting control and management systems; and related precision components.<ref name=reutprof/>

Siemens medical products include clinical information technology systems; hearing instruments; in-vitro diagnostics equipment; imaging equipment including angiography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, magnetic resonance, mammography, molecular imaging ultrasound, and x-ray equipment; and radiation oncology and particle therapy equipment.<ref name=reutprof/> {{As of|2014}}, Siemens was considering selling the hearing-aid (hearing instruments) business.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://online.wsj.com/articles/siemens-in-talks-to-sell-hearing-aid-business-1413920934 | title=Siemens In Talks To Sell Hearing-Aid Business | work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] | date=22 October 2014<!--might be a couple of days off--> | author=Henning, Eyk | author2=Alessi, Christopher | department=European Business News | deadurl=no<!--failure to capture at archive.org-->}}{{closed access}}</ref>

Siemens transportation and logistics-related products include equipment and systems for rail transportation including rail vehicles for mass transit, regional and long-distance transportation, locomotives, equipment and systems for rail electrification, central control systems, interlockings, and automated train controls; equipment and systems for road traffic including traffic detection, information and guidance; equipment and systems for airport logistics including cargo tracking and baggage handling; and equipment and systems for postal automation including letter parcel sorting.<ref name=reutprof/>
<gallery mode=packed>
File:High-voltage in Iraq.jpg|A Siemens high-voltage transformer
File:SPECT CT.JPG|A Siemens SPECT/CT scanner in operation
File:Hannover-Messe 2012 by-RaBoe 098.jpg|A Siemens wind power generator
File:Dampfturbine Laeufer01.jpg|A Siemens steam turbine rotor
File:Lausitzbahn Connex in Weißwasser.JPG|A Siemens train in operation
File:Bangkok Skytrain 03.jpg|[[Bangkok Skytrain]] built by Siemens
</gallery>

==Operations==
Siemens is incorporated in Germany and has its corporate headquarters in Munich.<ref name=annrep2011>{{cite web|url=http://www.siemens.com/investor/pool/en/investor_relations/siemens_ar_2011.pdf|title=Annual Report 2011|accessdate=3 September 2012|publisher=Siemens}}</ref> It has operations in around 190 countries and approximately 285 production and manufacturing facilities.<ref name=annrep2011/> Siemens had around 360,000 employees as of 30 September 2011.<ref name=annrep2011/>

===Sectors and divisions===
Siemens is organized into four "sectors" and 19 divisions:
* Industry Sector (led by Siegfried Russwurm)
** Comprising three divisions: Industry Automation, Drive Technologies, Customer Services
* Energy Sector (led by Michael Süß)
** Comprising six divisions: Fossil Power Generation, Wind Power, Solar & Hydro, Oil & Gas, Energy Service, Power Transmission
* Healthcare Sector (led by Hermann Requardt)
** Comprising four divisions: Imaging & Therapy Systems, Clinical Product, Diagnostics, Customer Solutions
* Infrastructure & Cities (led by [[Roland Busch]])
** Comprising six divisions: Rail Systems, Mobility and Logistics, Low and Medium Voltage, Smart Grid, Building Technologies

In addition two other central divisions, ''Siemens IT Solutions and Services'' and ''[[Siemens Financial Services]]'',<ref>{{cite web|title=Company Overview of Siemens Financial Services GmbH|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=24242503|publisher=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Company Overview of Siemens Project Ventures GmbH|url=http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=11852213|publisher=[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]|accessdate=25 September 2012}}</ref> provide services to the rest of the company.<ref name="s28">{{cite web|url=http://www.siemens.com/press/pool/de/pr_cc/2007/11_nov/axx20071116e.pdf |title=Siemens organizes operations in three Sectors with total of 15 Divisions |author= |date=28 November 2007 |work=Press release |publisher=Siemens.com |accessdate=18 September 2010}}</ref>

===Research and development===
In 2011 Siemens invested a total of €3.925 billion in research and development, equivalent to 5.3% of revenues.<ref name=annrep2011/> As of 30 September 2011 Siemens had approximately 11,800 Germany-based employees engaged in research and development and approximately
16,000 in the rest of the world, of whom the majority were based in one of Austria, China, Croatia, Denmark, France, India, Mexico, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.<ref name=annrep2011/> As of 30 September 2011 Siemens held approximately 53,300 patents worldwide.<ref name=annrep2011/>
<gallery mode=packed>
File:Siemens Palais.JPG|Siemens' headquarters, Munich (front)
File:Siemens München Martinstr.jpg|Siemens office building in Munich-Giesing
File:Siemensturm 04.jpg|Siemens-Tower in Berlin-[[Siemensstadt]]
File:Wernerwerk-Hochhaus, Siemensdamm 02.jpg|"Wernerwerk" (Werner's Factory) in Berlin-Siemensstadt
File:SiemensstadtFürstenbrunnerWeg.jpg|Wernerwerk II in Berlin-Siemensstadt
File:Wohlrabedamm - Wernerwerk XV (09085805) Berlin-Siemensstadt 002.jpg|Wernerwerk XV in Berlin-Siemensstadt
File:Erlangen Himbeerpalast 001.JPG|Siemens office building in [[Erlangen]]
File:Erlangen Siemens Glaspalast 002.JPG|Siemens office building in Erlangen
File:Neuperlach-Süd Siemens.jpg|Siemens site in Munich-Perlach
File:SiemensForum.jpg|[[SiemensForum München|Siemens Forum Munich]]
Image:Pelham Works - geograph.org.uk - 76691.jpg|Siemens Gas Turbine Factory, formerly [[Ruston (engine builder)|Ruston & Hornsby]] Pelham Works, [[Lincoln, England]]
</gallery>

==Joint ventures==
Siemens' current joint ventures include:
* Siemens Traction Equipment Ltd. (STEZ), [[Zhuzhou]] China, is a joint venture between Siemens, [[Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric|Zhuzhou CSR Times Electric Co., Ltd.]] (TEC) and [[Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co., Ltd.|CSR Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co., Ltd.]] (ZELC). which produces AC drive electric locomotives and AC locomotive traction components.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://cn.siemens.com/cms/cn/Chinese/TS/Mobility/media/Media%20pool%20content/Documents/090903_Company%20Brochure_STEZ.pdf |title=Siemens Traction Equipment Ltd., Zhuzhou |author= |work= |publisher=CN.siemens.com |accessdate= }}</ref>

Silcar was a joint venture between Siemens Ltd and Thiess Services Pty Ltd until 2013. Silcar is a 3,000 person Australian organisation providing productivity and reliability for large scale and technically complex plant assets. Services include asset management, design, construction, operations and maintenance. Silcar operates across a range of industries and essential services including power generation, electrical distribution, manufacturing, mining and telecommunications. In July 2013, Thiess took full control.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/companies/silcars-top-staff-go-as-thiess-puts-in-its-own/story-fn91v9q3-1226701630518# | title=Silcar's top staff go as Thiess puts in its own | publisher=The Australian | date=22 August 2013 | accessdate=13 February 2014 | author=Bingemann, Mitchell}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.businessspectator.com.au/news/2013/8/22/technology/silcar-old-guard-makes-way-thiess-exerts-control-report | title=Silcar old guard makes way as Thiess exerts control | publisher=Business Spectator | date=22 August 2013 | accessdate=13 February 2014 | author=Adhikari, Supratim}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.thiess.com.au/capabilities/services/telecommunications | title=Capabilities - Services - Telecommunications | publisher=Thiess | accessdate=13 February 2014}}</ref>

*OMNETRIC Group, A Siemens & Accenture Company
In 2014, Siemens and Accenture formed a joint venture company called [http://www.OMNETRICGroup.com OMNETRIC Group].

==Senior management==
'''Chairmen of the Siemens-Schuckertwerke Managing Board (1903 to 1966)'''<ref name=siemchair>{{cite web|url=http://www.siemens.com/history/pool/en/personalities/chairmen_of_the_managing_board_parent_companies/managing_board.pdf|title=Chairmen of the Managing Board and Supervisory Board of Siemens & Halske AG and Siemens-Schuckertwerke GmbH / AG or Siemens AG|accessdate=28 August 2012|publisher=Siemens}}</ref>
* Alfred Berliner (1903 to 1912)
* Carl Friedrich von Siemens (1912 to 1919)
* Otto Heinrich (1919 to 1920)
* Carl Köttgen (1920 to 1939)
* Rudolf Bingel (1939 to 1945)
* Wolf-Dietrich von Witzleben (1945 to 1949)
* Günther Scharowsky (1949 to 1951)
* Friedrich Bauer (1951 to 1962)
* Bernhard Plettner (1962 to 1966)

'''Chairmen of the Siemens & Halske / Siemens-Schuckertwerke Supervisory Board (1918 to 1966)'''<ref name=siemchair/>
* [[Wilhelm von Siemens]] (1918 to 1919)
* [[Carl Friedrich von Siemens]] (1919 to 1941)
* [[Hermann von Siemens]] (1941 to 1946)
* Friedrich Carl Siemens (1946 to 1948)
* [[Hermann von Siemens]] (1948 to 1956)
* Ernst von Siemens (1956 to 1966)
{{gallery
|File:Berlin W Siemens plaque.jpg|Wilhelm von Siemens
|File:Jacob Hilsdorf - Carl Friedrich von Siemens.jpg|Carl Friedrich von Siemens
|}}

'''Chairmen of the Siemens AG Managing Board (1966 to present)'''<ref name=siemchair/>
* Hans Kerschbaum, Adolf Lohse, Bernhard Plettner (Presidency of the Managing Board) (1966 to 1967)
* Erwin Hachmann, Bernhard Plettner, Gerd Tacke (Presidency of the Managing Board) (1967 to 1968)
* Gerd Tacke (1968 to 1971)
* Bernhard Plettner (1971 to 1981)
* Karlheinz Kaske (1981 to 1992)
* [[Heinrich von Pierer]] (1992 to 2005)
* [[Klaus Kleinfeld]] (2005 to 2007)
* [[Peter Löscher]] (2007 to 2013)
* [[Joe Kaeser]] (2013 to present)
{{gallery
|File:Heinrich von Pierer.jpg|Heinrich von Pierer
|File:Klaus Kleinfeld.jpg|Klaus Kleinfeld
|File:Peter Loscher.jpg|Peter Löscher
|}}

'''Chairmen of the Siemens AG Supervisory Board (1966 to present)'''<ref name=siemchair/>
* Ernst von Siemens (1966 to 1971)
* Peter von Siemens (1971 to 1981)
* Bernhard Plettner (1981 to 1988)
* Heribald Närger (1988 to 1993)
* Hermann Franz (1993 to 1998)
* Karl-Hermann Baumann (1998 to 2005)
* [[Heinrich von Pierer]] (2005 to 2007)
* Gerhard Cromme (2007 to present)

'''Managing Board (present day)'''<ref name=siemmanbd>{{cite web|url=http://www.siemens.com/about/en/management_structure.htm|title=Managing Board|accessdate=16 June 2014|publisher=Siemens}}</ref>
* [[Joe Kaeser]] (CEO, 2013 to present)
* Roland Busch (CEO Infrastructure & Cities Sector)
* Klaus Helmrich (Chief Technology Officer)
* Hermann Requardt (CEO Healthcare Sector)
* Siegfried Russwurm (CEO Industry Sector)
* Ralf P. Thomas ([[Chief Financial Officer|CFO]])

==The Siemens Graduate Program (The SGP)==
The Siemens Graduate Program, which has existed since 1922, is the first university graduate program to be established at Siemens.
It is an international two-year development program for Master Graduates and PhDs available in various global regions (for example Germany, Denmark, UK, Belgium, France, Spain, Switzerland, Russia, China, India, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Egypt, Brazil, and USA).
The SGP consists of three work assignments, one of them abroad, within one of the Siemens Sectors, each lasting eight months. The participants are working at least in two different functional areas during their rotations and are accompanied by a personal mentor for the duration of the program.<ref name="thesiemensgraduateprogram">{{cite web| title =The Siemens Graduate Program | publisher =www.siemens.com | url =http://www.siemens.com/jobs/en/graduates/sgp.php| accessdate=14 April 2014}}</ref>

==Controversies==

In January 2007 Siemens was fined €396 million by the [[European Commission]] for [[price fixing]] in EU electricity markets through a [[cartel]] involving 11 companies, including [[ABB Asea Brown Boveri|ABB]], [[Alstom]], [[Fujifilm|Fuji]], [[Hitachi Japan]], AE Power Systems, [[Mitsubishi Electric Corp]], [[Schneider Electric|Schneider]], [[Areva]], [[Toshiba]] and [[VA Tech Wabag|VA Tech]].<ref name=fine>{{cite web|url=http://www.euractiv.com/en/energy/eu-cracks-electricity-gear-cartel/article-161169 |title=EU cracks down on electricity-gear cartel |author= |date=25 January 2007 |work= |publisher=[[EurActiv]] |accessdate= }}</ref> According to the Commission, "between 1988 and 2004, the companies rigged bids for procurement contracts, fixed prices, allocated projects to each other, shared markets and exchanged commercially important and confidential information."<ref name=fine/> Siemens was given the highest fine of €396 million, more than half of the total, for its alleged leadership role in the incident.

Siemens agreed to pay a record $1.34 billion in fines in December 2008<ref>{{Cite news| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/16/business/worldbusiness/16siemens.html?_r=1&hp=&pagewanted=print|title =Siemens to Pay $1.34 Billion in Fines, The New York Times | accessdate= 2008-12-16 | first1=Eric | last1=Lichtblau | first2=Carter | last2=Dougherty | date=2008-12-16}}</ref> after being investigated for serious bribery. The investigation found questionable payments of roughly €1.3 billion, from 2002 to 2006 that triggered a broad range of inquiries in Germany, the United States and many other countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.iht.com/articles/2007/12/14/business/siemens.php |title=Siemens revokes appointment after reviewing files in bribery case |author=Carter Dougherty |date=14 December 2007 |work= |publisher=The New York Times |accessdate=}}</ref> In May 2007 a German court convicted two former executives of paying about €6 million in bribes from 1999 to 2002 to help Siemens win [[natural gas]] [[Gas turbine|turbine]] supply contracts with [[Enel]], an Italian energy company. The contracts were valued at about €450 million. Siemens was fined €38 million.<ref>{{Cite news| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2007/05/15/business/worldbusiness/15siemens.html|title =The New York Times | accessdate= 2007-05-15 | date=2007-05-15 | first=G. Thomas | last=Sims}}</ref>

[[Nokia Siemens]] supplied telecommunications equipment to the Iranian telecom company that included the ability to intercept and monitor telecommunications, a facility known as "[[lawful intercept]]". The equipment was believed to have been used in the suppression of the [[2009–2010 Iranian election protests]], leading to criticism of the company, including by the [[European Parliament]]. Nokia-Siemens later divested its call monitoring business, and reduced its activities in Iran.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/8112550.stm | work=BBC News | title=Hi-tech helps Iranian monitoring | date=2009-06-22 | accessdate=2010-04-07 | first=Rory | last=Cellan-Jones}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2009/apr/13/europe39s-telecoms-aid-with-spy-tech/ |title=Fed contractor, cell phone maker sold spy system to Iran |author= Eli Lake |date=13 April 2009 |work=[[Washington Times]] |accessdate= }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news| url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB124562668777335653.html#mod | work=The Wall Street Journal | title=Iran's Web Spying Aided By Western Technology | first1=Christopher | last1=Rhoads | first2=Loretta | last2=Chao | date=2009-06-22}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url =http://www.businessweek.com/globalbiz/content/jun2010/gb2010063_509207.htm| title = Nokia-Siemens Rues Iran Crackdown Role| date = 3 June 2010| work = www.businessweek.com|author = Valentina Pop}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url = http://ca.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/idCATRE7BC2G020111213| title = Nokia Siemens to ramp down Iran operations|date = 13 December 2011| author = Tarmo Virki| work = ca.reuters.com}}</ref><ref>{{citation| url = http://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/news/7213538/Nokia-Siemens-instrumental-to-persecution-and-arrests-of-Iranian-dissidents-says-EU.html| title = Nokia Siemens "instrumental to persecution and arrests of Iranian dissidents", says EU|author = Matt Warman| date = 11 February 2010| work = www.telegraph.co.uk| location=London}}</ref>

Siemens has been accused of bribing Greek officials.<ref>{{citation|language = Greek| url =http://news.kathimerini.gr/4dcgi/_w_articles_politics_2_24/11/2010_423591| title =Θολό το τοπίο στην εξεταστική επιτροπή Siemens|author = Φ. Καλλιαγκοπουλου| date =24 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{citation|url =http://www.avgi.gr/ArticleActionshow.action?articleID=523714| title = Siemens: Μίζες σε τρένα, βαλίτσες, εταιρείες συμβούλων| date = 12 February 2010|language = Greek}}</ref><ref>http://www.paraskhnio.gr/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=535:-siemens-&catid=4:paraskhnio-kai-reportaz&Itemid=2{{dead link|date=July 2012}}</ref> In 2008, it was revealed that Siemens had bribed the two main political parties of [[Greece]] for approximately 10 years to be the sole provider of mechanical and electrical equipment of the Greek state.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} After the exposure the German authorities moved to arrest the representatives of Siemens in Greece, who had managed to escape from the Greek authorities.<ref>{{citation|language = Greek| url =http://www.tovima.gr/politics/article/?aid=369064| title =Υπόθεση Siemens Ερώτηση Παπαδημούλη στη Βουλή για τη διαφυγή στελέχους της Siemens| date =23 November 2010}}</ref> The German judicial system didn't allow the Greek authorities to cross-question the representatives.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} As a result, there wasn't any solid evidence against the corrupt politicians, who weren't arrested and continue to be active in the Greek political system.{{citation needed|date=July 2012}} Meanwhile, the Greek state cancelled the planned business deals. {{citation needed|date=July 2012}}

==See also==
{{Portal|Companies}}
* [[Siemens Mexico]]
* [[Siemens Saudi Arabia]]
* [[Renewable energy commercialization]]
* [[Siemens Greek bribery scandal]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Weiher, Siegfried von /Herbert Goetzeler (1984). ''The Siemens Company, Its Historical Role in the Progress of Electrical Engineering 1847–1980'', 2nd ed. Berlin and Munich.
* Feldenkirchen, Wilfried (2000). ''Siemens, From Workshop to Global Player'', Munich.
* Feldenkirchen, Wilfried / Eberhard Posner (2005): ''The Siemens Entrepreneurs'', Continuity and Change, 1847–2005, Ten Portraits, Munich.
* Greider, William (1997). ''One World, Ready or Not''. Penguin Press. ISBN 0-7139-9211-5.
* Margarete Buber: 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler, Frankf / Main, Berlin 1993
* See Carola Sachse: Jewish forced labor and non-Jewish women and men at Siemens from 1940 to 1945, in: International Scientific Correspondence, No. 1/1991, pp.&nbsp;12–24; Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group (1938 -1945). Facts, controversies, problems, in: Hermann Kaienburg (ed.): concentration camps and the German Economy 1939-1945 (Social studies, H. 34), Opladen 1996, pp.&nbsp;149–168; Wilfried Feldenkirchen: 1918-1945 Siemens, Munich 1995, Ulrike fire, Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Sylvia Kempe: work at Ravensbrück concentration camp, in: Women in concentration camps. Bergen-Belsen. Ravensbrück, Bremen, 1994, pp.&nbsp;55–69; Ursula Krause-Schmitt: The path to the Siemens stock led past the crematorium, in: Information. German Resistance Study Group, Frankfurt / Main, 18 Jg, No. 37/38, Nov. 1993, pp.&nbsp;38–46; Sigrid Jacobeit: working at Siemens in Ravensbrück, in: Dietrich Eichholz (eds) War and economy. Studies on German economic history 1939-1945, Berlin 1999.
* Bundesarchiv Berlin, NS 19, No. 968, Communication on the creation of the barracks for the Siemens & Halske, the planned production and the planned expansion for 2,500 prisoners "after direct discussions with this company": Economic and Administrative Main Office of the SS ( WVHA), Oswald Pohl, secretly, to Reichsführer SS (RFSS), Heinrich Himmler, dated 20.10.1942.
* Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group, with a summary table, page 157 See also Ursula Krause-Schmitt: "The road to Siemens stock led to the crematorium past over," pp.&nbsp;36f, where, according to the catalogs of the International Tracing Service Arolsen and Martin Weinmann (eds.).. The Nazi camp system, Frankfurt / Main 1990 and Feldkirchen: Siemens 1918-1945, pp.&nbsp;198–214, and in particular the associated annotations 91-187.
* MSS in the estate include Wanda Kiedrzy'nska, in: National Library of Poland, Warsaw, Manuscript Division, Sygn. akc 12013/1 and archive the memorial I/6-7-139 RA: see also: Woman Ravensbruck concentration camp. An overall presentation, State Justice Administration in Ludwigsburg, IV ART 409-Z 39/59, April 1972, pp.&nbsp;129ff.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Siemens}}
* {{official website|http://www.siemens.com/}}
* [http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-01-27/siemens-eyes-disposal-of-security-products-amid-revamp.html Siemens Eyes Disposal of Security Products Amid Revamp]

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Revision as of 11:23, 28 September 2015

Siemens AG
Company typeAktiengesellschaft
FWBSIE
IndustryConglomerate
FoundedOctober 1, 1847; 176 years ago (1847-10-01)
(Berlin, Kingdom of Prussia)
FounderWerner von Siemens
HeadquartersBerlin and Munich, Germany
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Joe Kaeser
(President & CEO)
Gerhard Cromme
(Chairman of the Supervisory Board)
ProductsPower generation technology, industrial and buildings automation, medical technology, railway vehicles, water treatment systems, fire alarms, PLM software
ServicesBusiness services, financing, project engineering and construction
RevenueDecrease €71.920 billion (2014)[1]
Decrease €4.212 billion (2013)[1]
Increase €5.507 billion (2014)[1]
Total assetsIncrease €104.879 billion (2014)[1]
Total equityIncrease €31.514 billion (2014)[1]
Number of employees
362,000 (2013)[1]
DivisionsIndustry, Energy, Healthcare, Infrastructure and Cities
Websitewww.siemens.com

Siemens AG (German pronunciation: [ˈziːmɛns]) is a German multinational conglomerate company headquartered in Berlin and Munich. It is the largest engineering company in Europe. The principal divisions of the company are Industry, Energy, Healthcare, and Infrastructure & Cities, which represent the main activities of the company. The company is a prominent maker of medical diagnostics equipment and its medical health-care division, which generates about 12 percent of the company's total sales, is its second-most profitable unit, after the industrial automation division.[2]

Siemens and its subsidiaries employ approximately 362,000 people worldwide and reported global revenue of around €71.9 billion in 2014 according to their annual report.

History

Werner von Siemens

1847 to 1901

Siemens & Halske was founded by Werner von Siemens and Johann Georg Halske on 12 October 1847. Based on the telegraph, his invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using Morse code. The company, then called Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske, opened its first workshop on October 12.

In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe; 500 km from Berlin to Frankfurt am Main. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens later Sir William Siemens started to represent the company in London. The London agency became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, Carl Heinrich von Siemens, opened in St Petersburg, Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental Indo-European (Calcutta to London) telegraph line.[3]

In 1867, Werner von Siemens described a dynamo without permanent magnets (independently invented also by Charles Wheatstone), and Siemens became the first company to build such devices.

In 1881, a Siemens AC Alternator driven by a watermill was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of Godalming, United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into electric trains and light bulbs. In 1890, the founder retired and left running the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm. In 1887 it opened its first office in Japan.[4]

1901 to 1933

Siemens & Halske (S & H) was incorporated in 1897, and then merged parts of its activities with Schuckert & Co., Nuremberg in 1903 to become Siemens-Schuckert.

In 1907, Siemens (Siemens & Halske and Siemens-Schuckert) had 34,324 employees and was the seventh-largest company in the German empire by number of employees.[5] (see List of German companies by employees in 1907)

In 1919, S & H and two other companies jointly formed the Osram lightbulb company.

During the 1920s and 1930s, S & H started to manufacture radios, television sets, and electron microscopes.

In 1932, Reiniger, Gebbert & Schall (Erlangen), Phönix AG (Rudolstadt) and Siemens-Reiniger-Veifa mbH (Berlin) merged to form the Siemens-Reiniger-Werke AG (SRW), the third of the so-called parent companies that merged in 1966 to form the present-day Siemens AG.[6]

In the 1920s, Siemens constructed the Ardnacrusha Hydro Power station on the River Shannon in the then Irish Free State, and it was a world first for its design. The company is remembered for its desire to raise the wages of its under-paid workers only to be overruled by the Cumann na nGaedheal government.[7]

1933 to 1945

A Siemens truck being used as a Nazi public address vehicle in 1932

Siemens (at the time: Siemens-Schuckert) employed some skilled labor among deported people in extermination camps. The company owned a plant in Auschwitz concentration camp.[8][9]

During the final years of World War II, numerous plants and factories in Berlin and other major cities were destroyed by Allied air raids. To prevent further losses, manufacturing was therefore moved to alternative places and regions not affected by the air war. The goal was to secure continued production of important war-related and everyday goods. According to records, Siemens was operating almost 400 alternative or relocated manufacturing plants at the end of 1944 and in early 1945.

In 1972, Siemens sued German satirist F.C. Delius for his satirical history of the company, Unsere Siemenswelt, and it was determined much of the book contained false claims although the trial itself publicized Siemens' history in Nazi Germany.[10] The company supplied electrical parts to Nazi concentration camps and death camps. The factories had poor working conditions, where malnutrition and death were common. Also, the scholarship has shown that the camp factories were created, run, and supplied by the SS, in conjunction with company officials, sometimes high-level officials.[11][12][13][14]

Siemens businessman and Nazi Party member John Rabe is, however, credited with saving many Chinese lives during the infamous Nanking Massacre. He later toured Germany lecturing on the atrocities committed by Japanese forces in Nanking.[15]

1945 to 2001

A 1973 Siemens electron microscope on display at the Musée des Arts et Métiers in Paris

In the 1950s and from their new base in Bavaria, S&H started to manufacture computers, semiconductor devices, washing machines, and pacemakers.

In 1966, Siemens & Halske (S&H, founded in 1847), Siemens-Schuckertwerke (SSW, founded in 1903) and Siemens-Reiniger-Werke (SRW, founded in 1932) merged to form Siemens AG.[6]

In 1969, Siemens formed Kraftwerk Union with AEG by pooling their nuclear power businesses.[16]

The company's first digital telephone exchange was produced in 1980. In 1988 Siemens and GEC acquired the UK defence and technology company Plessey. Plessey's holdings were split, and Siemens took over the avionics, radar and traffic control businesses — as Siemens Plessey.

In 1985, Siemens bought Allis-Chalmers' interest in the partnership company Siemens-Allis (formed 1978) which supplied electrical control equipment. It was incorporated into Siemens' Energy and Automation division.[17]

In 1987, Siemens reintegrated Kraftwerk Union, the unit overseeing nuclear power business.[16]

In 1991, Siemens acquired Nixdorf Computer AG and renamed it Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG, in order to produce personal computers.

In October 1991, Siemens acquired the Industrial Systems Division of Texas Instruments, Inc, based in Johnson City, Tennessee. This division was organized as Siemens Industrial Automation, Inc., and was later absorbed by Siemens Energy and Automation, Inc.

In 1992, Siemens bought out IBM's half of ROLM (Siemens had bought into ROLM 5 years earlier), thus creating SiemensROLM Communications; eventually dropping ROLM from the name later in the 1990s.

In 1997, Siemens agreed to sell the defence arm of Siemens Plessey to British Aerospace (BAe) and a German aerospace company, DaimlerChrysler Aerospace. BAe and DASA acquired the British and German divisions of the operation respectively.[18]

In October 1997, Siemens Financial Services (SFS) was founded to act as competence center for financing issues and as a manager of financial risks within Siemens.

In 1998, Siemens acquired Westinghouse Power Generation for more than $1.5 billion from CBS corp and moving Siemens from third to second the world power generation market.[19]

In 1999, Siemens' semiconductor operations were spun off into a new company called Infineon Technologies. In the same year, Siemens Nixdorf Informationssysteme AG became part of Fujitsu Siemens Computers AG, with its retail banking technology group becoming Wincor Nixdorf.

In 2000, Shared Medical Systems Corporation[20] was acquired by the Siemens' Medical Engineering Group,[21] eventually becoming part of Siemens Medical Solutions.

Also in 2000 Atecs-Mannesman was acquired by Siemens,[22] The sale was finalised in April 2001 with 50% of the shares acquired, acquisition, Mannesmann VDO AG merged into Siemens Automotive forming Siemens VDO Automotive AG, Atecs Mannesmann Dematic Systems merged into Siemens Production and Logistics forming Siemens Dematic AG, Mannesmann Demag Delaval merged into the Power Generation division of Siemens AG.[23] Other parts of the company were acquired by Robert Bosch GmbH at the same time.[24]

2001 to 2011

A Siemens Velaro high speed train in service on the Köln–Frankfurt high-speed rail line

In 2001 Chemtech Group of Brazil was incorporated into the Siemens Group;[25] it provides industrial process optimisation, consultancy and other engineering services.[26]

Also in 2001, Siemens formed joint venture Framatome with Areva SA of France by merging much of the companies' nuclear businesses.[16]

In 2002, Siemens sold some of its business activities to Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. L.P. (KKR), with its metering business included in the sale package.[27]

In 2003 Siemens acquired the flow division of Danfoss and incorporated it into the Automation and Drives division.[28] Also in 2003 Siemens acquired IndX software (realtime data organisation and presentation).[29][30] The same year in an unrelated development Siemens reopened its office in Kabul.[31] Also in 2003 agreed to buy Alstom Industrial Turbines; a manufacturer of small, medium and industrial gas turbines for €1.1 billion.[32][33] On February 11, 2003, Siemens planned to shorten phones' shelf life by bringing out annual Xelibri lines, with new devices launched as spring -summer and autumn-winter collections.[34] On March 6, 2003, the company opened an office in San Jose.[35] On March 7, 2003, the company announced that it planned to gain 10 per cent of the mainland China market for handsets.[36] On March 18, 2003, the company unveiled the latest in its series of Xelibri fashion phones.[37]

In 2004 the wind energy company Bonus Energy in Brande, Denmark was acquired,[38][39] forming Siemens Wind Power division.[40] Also in 2004 Siemens invested in Dasan Networks (South Korea, broadband network equipment) acquiring ~40% of the shares,[41] Nokia Siemens disinvested itself of the shares in 2008.[42] The same year Siemens acquired Photo-Scan (UK, CCTV systems)[43] US Filter Corporation (water and Waste Water Treatment Technologies/ Solutions, acquired from Veolia),[44] Hunstville Electronics Corporation (automobile electronics, acquired from Chrysler),[45] and Chantry Networks (WLAN equipment)[46]

In 2005 Siemens sold the Siemens mobile manufacturing business to BenQ, forming the BenQ-Siemens division. Also in 2005 Siemens acquired Flender Holding GmbH (Bocholt, Germany, gears/industrial drives),[47] Bewator AB (building security systems),[48] Wheelabrator Air Pollution Control, Inc. (Industrial and power station dust control systems),[49] AN Windenegrie GmbH. (Wind energy),[50] Power Technologies Inc. (Schenectady, USA, energy industry software and training),[51] CTI Molecular Imaging (Positron emission tomography and molecular imaging systems),[52][53] Myrio (IPTV systems),[54] Shaw Power Technologoes International Ltd (UK/USA, electrical engineering consulting, acquired from Shaw Group),[55][56] and Transmitton (Ashby de la Zouch UK, rail and other industry control and asset management).[57]

In 2006, Siemens announced the purchase of Bayer Diagnostics, which was incorporated into the Medical Solutions Diagnostics division on 1 January 2007,[citation needed] also in 2006 Siemens acquired Controlotron (New York) (ultrasonic flow meters)[58][59] Also in 2006 Siemens acquired Diagnostic Products Corp., Kadon Electro Mechanical Services Ltd. (now TurboCare Canada Ltd.), Kühnle, Kopp, & Kausch AG, Opto Control, and VistaScape Security Systems[60]

Siemens power generating wind turbine towers

In March 2007 a Siemens board member was temporarily arrested and accused of illegally financing a business-friendly labour association which competes against the union IG Metall. He has been released on bail. Offices of the labour union and of Siemens have been searched. Siemens denies any wrongdoing.[61] In April the Fixed Networks, Mobile Networks and Carrier Services divisions of Siemens merged with Nokia's Network Business Group in a 50/50 joint venture, creating a fixed and mobile network company called Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia delayed the merger[62] due to bribery investigations against Siemens.[63] In October 2007, a court in Munich found that the company had bribed public officials in Libya, Russia, and Nigeria in return for the awarding of contracts; four former Nigerian Ministers of Communications were among those named as recipients of the payments. The company admitted to having paid the bribes and agreed to pay a fine of 201 million euros. In December 2007, the Nigerian government cancelled a contract with Siemens due to the bribery findings.[64][65]

Also in 2007 Siemens acquired Vai Ingdesi Automation (Argentina, Industrial Automation), UGS Corp., Dade Behring, Sidelco (Quebec, Canada), S/D Engineers Inc., and Gesellschaft für Systemforschung und Dienstleistungen im Gesundheitswesen mbH (GSD) (Germany).

In July 2008, Siemens AG announced a joint venture of the Enterprise Communications business with the Gores Group. The Gores Group holding a majority interest of 51% stake, with Siemens AG holding a minority interest of 49%.[66]

In August 2008, Siemens Project Ventures invested $15 million in the Arava Power Company. In a press release published that month, Peter Löscher, President and CEO of Siemens AG said: “This investment is another consequential step in further strengthening our green and sustainable technologies”. Siemens now holds a 40% stake in the company. [67]

In January 2009, Siemens announced to sell its 34% stake in Framatome, complaining limited managerial influence. In March, it announced to form an alliance with Rosatom of Russia to engage in nuclear-power activities.[16]

In April 2009, Fujitsu Siemens Computers became Fujitsu Technology Solutions as a result of Fujitsu buying out Siemens' share of the company.

In October 2009, Siemens signed a $418 million contract to buy Solel Solar Systems an Israeli company in the solar thermal power business.[68]

In December 2010 Siemens agreed to sell its IT Solutions and Services subsidiary for €850 million to Atos. As part of the deal, Siemens agreed to take a 15% stake in the enlarged Atos, to be held for a minimum of five years. In addition, Siemens concluded a seven-year outsourcing contract worth around €5.5 billion, under which Atos will provide managed services and systems integration to Siemens.

2011 to present

In March 2011, it was decided to list Osram on the stock market in the autumn, but CEO Peter Löscher said Siemens intended to retain a long-term interest in the company, which was already independent from the technological and managerial viewpoints.

In September 2011 Siemens, which had been responsible for constructing all 17 of Germany's existing nuclear power plants, announced that it would exit the nuclear sector following the Fukushima disaster and the subsequent changes to German energy policy. Chief executive Peter Löscher has supported the German government's planned Energiewende, its transition to renewable energy technologies, calling it a "project of the century" and saying Berlin's target of reaching 35% renewable energy sources by 2020 was feasible.[69]

In November 2012, Siemens acquired the Rail division of Invensys for £1.7 billion. In the same month, Siemens made the announcement of acquiring a privately held company, LMS International NV.[70]

In August 2013, Nokia acquired 100% of the company Nokia Siemens Networks, with a buy-out of Siemens AG, ending Siemens role in telecommunication.[71]

In August 2013, Siemens won a $966.8 million order for power plant components from oil firm Saudi Aramco, the largest bid it has ever received from the Saudi company.[72]

In 2014, Siemens plans to build a $264 million facility for making offshore wind turbines in Paull, England, as Britain’s wind power rapidly expands. Siemens chose the Hull area on the east coast of England because it is close to other large offshore projects planned in coming years. The new plant is expected to begin producing turbine rotor blades in 2016. The plant and the associated service center, in Green Port Hull nearby, will employ about 1,000 workers. The facilities will serve the UK market, where the electricity that major power producers generate from wind grew by about 38 percent in 2013, representing about 6 percent of total electricity, according to government figures. There are also plans to increase Britain’s wind-generating capacity at least threefold by 2020, to 14 gigawatts.[73]

In May 2014, Rolls-Royce agreed to sell its gas turbine and compressor energy business to Siemens for £1 Billion.[74] In June 2014 Siemens and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries announced their formation of joint ventures to bid for Alstom's troubled energy and transportation businesses (in locomotives, steam turbines, and aircraft engines). A rival bid by General Electric (GE) has been criticized by French government sources, who consider Alstom's operations as a "vital national interest" at a moment when the French unemployment level stands above 10% and some voters are turning towards the far-right.[75]

In September 2014,Siemens said it would buy U.S. oilfield equipment maker Dresser-Rand Group Inc for $7.6 billion[76]

Products, services & contribution

Siemens offers a wide range of electrical engineering- and electronics-related products and services.[77] Its products can be broadly divided into the following categories: buildings-related products; drives, automation and industrial plant-related products; energy-related products; lighting; medical products; and transportation and logistics-related products.[77]

Siemens buildings-related products include building-automation equipment and systems; building-operations equipment and systems; building fire-safety equipment and systems; building-security equipment and systems; and low-voltage switchgear including circuit protection and distribution products.[77]

Siemens drives, automation and industrial plant-related products include motors and drives for conveyor belts; pumps and compressors; heavy duty motors and drives for rolling steel mills; compressors for oil and gas pipelines; mechanical components including gears for wind turbines and cement mills; automation equipment and systems and controls for production machinery and machine tools; and industrial plant for water processing and raw material processing.[77]

Siemens energy-related products include gas and steam turbines; generators; compressors; on- and offshore wind turbines; high-voltage transmission products; power transformers; high-voltage switching products and systems; alternating and direct current transmission systems; medium-voltage components and systems; and power automation products.[77]

Siemens OSRAM subsidiary produces lighting products including incandescent, halogen, compact fluorescent, fluorescent, high-intensity discharge and Xenon lamps; opto-electronic semiconductor light sources such as light emitting diodes (LEDs), organic LEDs, high power laser diodes, LED systems and LED luminaires; electronic equipment including electronic ballasts; lighting control and management systems; and related precision components.[77]

Siemens medical products include clinical information technology systems; hearing instruments; in-vitro diagnostics equipment; imaging equipment including angiography, computed tomography, fluoroscopy, magnetic resonance, mammography, molecular imaging ultrasound, and x-ray equipment; and radiation oncology and particle therapy equipment.[77] As of 2014, Siemens was considering selling the hearing-aid (hearing instruments) business.[78]

Siemens transportation and logistics-related products include equipment and systems for rail transportation including rail vehicles for mass transit, regional and long-distance transportation, locomotives, equipment and systems for rail electrification, central control systems, interlockings, and automated train controls; equipment and systems for road traffic including traffic detection, information and guidance; equipment and systems for airport logistics including cargo tracking and baggage handling; and equipment and systems for postal automation including letter parcel sorting.[77]

Operations

Siemens is incorporated in Germany and has its corporate headquarters in Munich.[79] It has operations in around 190 countries and approximately 285 production and manufacturing facilities.[79] Siemens had around 360,000 employees as of 30 September 2011.[79]

Sectors and divisions

Siemens is organized into four "sectors" and 19 divisions:

  • Industry Sector (led by Siegfried Russwurm)
    • Comprising three divisions: Industry Automation, Drive Technologies, Customer Services
  • Energy Sector (led by Michael Süß)
    • Comprising six divisions: Fossil Power Generation, Wind Power, Solar & Hydro, Oil & Gas, Energy Service, Power Transmission
  • Healthcare Sector (led by Hermann Requardt)
    • Comprising four divisions: Imaging & Therapy Systems, Clinical Product, Diagnostics, Customer Solutions
  • Infrastructure & Cities (led by Roland Busch)
    • Comprising six divisions: Rail Systems, Mobility and Logistics, Low and Medium Voltage, Smart Grid, Building Technologies

In addition two other central divisions, Siemens IT Solutions and Services and Siemens Financial Services,[80][81] provide services to the rest of the company.[82]

Research and development

In 2011 Siemens invested a total of €3.925 billion in research and development, equivalent to 5.3% of revenues.[79] As of 30 September 2011 Siemens had approximately 11,800 Germany-based employees engaged in research and development and approximately 16,000 in the rest of the world, of whom the majority were based in one of Austria, China, Croatia, Denmark, France, India, Mexico, Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom and the United States.[79] As of 30 September 2011 Siemens held approximately 53,300 patents worldwide.[79]

Joint ventures

Siemens' current joint ventures include:

Silcar was a joint venture between Siemens Ltd and Thiess Services Pty Ltd until 2013. Silcar is a 3,000 person Australian organisation providing productivity and reliability for large scale and technically complex plant assets. Services include asset management, design, construction, operations and maintenance. Silcar operates across a range of industries and essential services including power generation, electrical distribution, manufacturing, mining and telecommunications. In July 2013, Thiess took full control.[84][85][86]

  • OMNETRIC Group, A Siemens & Accenture Company

In 2014, Siemens and Accenture formed a joint venture company called OMNETRIC Group.

Senior management

Chairmen of the Siemens-Schuckertwerke Managing Board (1903 to 1966)[87]

  • Alfred Berliner (1903 to 1912)
  • Carl Friedrich von Siemens (1912 to 1919)
  • Otto Heinrich (1919 to 1920)
  • Carl Köttgen (1920 to 1939)
  • Rudolf Bingel (1939 to 1945)
  • Wolf-Dietrich von Witzleben (1945 to 1949)
  • Günther Scharowsky (1949 to 1951)
  • Friedrich Bauer (1951 to 1962)
  • Bernhard Plettner (1962 to 1966)

Chairmen of the Siemens & Halske / Siemens-Schuckertwerke Supervisory Board (1918 to 1966)[87]

Chairmen of the Siemens AG Managing Board (1966 to present)[87]

  • Hans Kerschbaum, Adolf Lohse, Bernhard Plettner (Presidency of the Managing Board) (1966 to 1967)
  • Erwin Hachmann, Bernhard Plettner, Gerd Tacke (Presidency of the Managing Board) (1967 to 1968)
  • Gerd Tacke (1968 to 1971)
  • Bernhard Plettner (1971 to 1981)
  • Karlheinz Kaske (1981 to 1992)
  • Heinrich von Pierer (1992 to 2005)
  • Klaus Kleinfeld (2005 to 2007)
  • Peter Löscher (2007 to 2013)
  • Joe Kaeser (2013 to present)

Chairmen of the Siemens AG Supervisory Board (1966 to present)[87]

  • Ernst von Siemens (1966 to 1971)
  • Peter von Siemens (1971 to 1981)
  • Bernhard Plettner (1981 to 1988)
  • Heribald Närger (1988 to 1993)
  • Hermann Franz (1993 to 1998)
  • Karl-Hermann Baumann (1998 to 2005)
  • Heinrich von Pierer (2005 to 2007)
  • Gerhard Cromme (2007 to present)

Managing Board (present day)[88]

  • Joe Kaeser (CEO, 2013 to present)
  • Roland Busch (CEO Infrastructure & Cities Sector)
  • Klaus Helmrich (Chief Technology Officer)
  • Hermann Requardt (CEO Healthcare Sector)
  • Siegfried Russwurm (CEO Industry Sector)
  • Ralf P. Thomas (CFO)

The Siemens Graduate Program (The SGP)

The Siemens Graduate Program, which has existed since 1922, is the first university graduate program to be established at Siemens. It is an international two-year development program for Master Graduates and PhDs available in various global regions (for example Germany, Denmark, UK, Belgium, France, Spain, Switzerland, Russia, China, India, United Arab Emirates, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Egypt, Brazil, and USA). The SGP consists of three work assignments, one of them abroad, within one of the Siemens Sectors, each lasting eight months. The participants are working at least in two different functional areas during their rotations and are accompanied by a personal mentor for the duration of the program.[89]

Controversies

In January 2007 Siemens was fined €396 million by the European Commission for price fixing in EU electricity markets through a cartel involving 11 companies, including ABB, Alstom, Fuji, Hitachi Japan, AE Power Systems, Mitsubishi Electric Corp, Schneider, Areva, Toshiba and VA Tech.[90] According to the Commission, "between 1988 and 2004, the companies rigged bids for procurement contracts, fixed prices, allocated projects to each other, shared markets and exchanged commercially important and confidential information."[90] Siemens was given the highest fine of €396 million, more than half of the total, for its alleged leadership role in the incident.

Siemens agreed to pay a record $1.34 billion in fines in December 2008[91] after being investigated for serious bribery. The investigation found questionable payments of roughly €1.3 billion, from 2002 to 2006 that triggered a broad range of inquiries in Germany, the United States and many other countries.[92] In May 2007 a German court convicted two former executives of paying about €6 million in bribes from 1999 to 2002 to help Siemens win natural gas turbine supply contracts with Enel, an Italian energy company. The contracts were valued at about €450 million. Siemens was fined €38 million.[93]

Nokia Siemens supplied telecommunications equipment to the Iranian telecom company that included the ability to intercept and monitor telecommunications, a facility known as "lawful intercept". The equipment was believed to have been used in the suppression of the 2009–2010 Iranian election protests, leading to criticism of the company, including by the European Parliament. Nokia-Siemens later divested its call monitoring business, and reduced its activities in Iran.[94][95][96][97][98][99]

Siemens has been accused of bribing Greek officials.[100][101][102] In 2008, it was revealed that Siemens had bribed the two main political parties of Greece for approximately 10 years to be the sole provider of mechanical and electrical equipment of the Greek state.[citation needed] After the exposure the German authorities moved to arrest the representatives of Siemens in Greece, who had managed to escape from the Greek authorities.[103] The German judicial system didn't allow the Greek authorities to cross-question the representatives.[citation needed] As a result, there wasn't any solid evidence against the corrupt politicians, who weren't arrested and continue to be active in the Greek political system.[citation needed] Meanwhile, the Greek state cancelled the planned business deals. [citation needed]

See also

References

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Further reading

  • Weiher, Siegfried von /Herbert Goetzeler (1984). The Siemens Company, Its Historical Role in the Progress of Electrical Engineering 1847–1980, 2nd ed. Berlin and Munich.
  • Feldenkirchen, Wilfried (2000). Siemens, From Workshop to Global Player, Munich.
  • Feldenkirchen, Wilfried / Eberhard Posner (2005): The Siemens Entrepreneurs, Continuity and Change, 1847–2005, Ten Portraits, Munich.
  • Greider, William (1997). One World, Ready or Not. Penguin Press. ISBN 0-7139-9211-5.
  • Margarete Buber: 303f As prisoners of Stalin and Hitler, Frankf / Main, Berlin 1993
  • See Carola Sachse: Jewish forced labor and non-Jewish women and men at Siemens from 1940 to 1945, in: International Scientific Correspondence, No. 1/1991, pp. 12–24; Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group (1938 -1945). Facts, controversies, problems, in: Hermann Kaienburg (ed.): concentration camps and the German Economy 1939-1945 (Social studies, H. 34), Opladen 1996, pp. 149–168; Wilfried Feldenkirchen: 1918-1945 Siemens, Munich 1995, Ulrike fire, Claus Füllberg-Stolberg, Sylvia Kempe: work at Ravensbrück concentration camp, in: Women in concentration camps. Bergen-Belsen. Ravensbrück, Bremen, 1994, pp. 55–69; Ursula Krause-Schmitt: The path to the Siemens stock led past the crematorium, in: Information. German Resistance Study Group, Frankfurt / Main, 18 Jg, No. 37/38, Nov. 1993, pp. 38–46; Sigrid Jacobeit: working at Siemens in Ravensbrück, in: Dietrich Eichholz (eds) War and economy. Studies on German economic history 1939-1945, Berlin 1999.
  • Bundesarchiv Berlin, NS 19, No. 968, Communication on the creation of the barracks for the Siemens & Halske, the planned production and the planned expansion for 2,500 prisoners "after direct discussions with this company": Economic and Administrative Main Office of the SS ( WVHA), Oswald Pohl, secretly, to Reichsführer SS (RFSS), Heinrich Himmler, dated 20.10.1942.
  • Karl-Heinz Roth: forced labor in the Siemens Group, with a summary table, page 157 See also Ursula Krause-Schmitt: "The road to Siemens stock led to the crematorium past over," pp. 36f, where, according to the catalogs of the International Tracing Service Arolsen and Martin Weinmann (eds.).. The Nazi camp system, Frankfurt / Main 1990 and Feldkirchen: Siemens 1918-1945, pp. 198–214, and in particular the associated annotations 91-187.
  • MSS in the estate include Wanda Kiedrzy'nska, in: National Library of Poland, Warsaw, Manuscript Division, Sygn. akc 12013/1 and archive the memorial I/6-7-139 RA: see also: Woman Ravensbruck concentration camp. An overall presentation, State Justice Administration in Ludwigsburg, IV ART 409-Z 39/59, April 1972, pp. 129ff.