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Sergeant Parry was shot and killed in 1864 by the bushranger [[John Gilbert (bushranger)|John Gilbert]] in a hold-up of the mail coach near [[Jugiong, New South Wales|Jugiong]]. Gilbert was a member of [[Ben Hall (bushranger)|Ben Hall]]'s gang which was active in the district in 1863-64.<ref name="WalkaboutGundagai">{{cite web | url = http://www.walkabout.com.au/smh/locations/NSWGundagai.shtml | title = Gundagai | work = Walkabout: Australian Travel Guide | publisher = [[John Fairfax Holdings|Fairfax Digital]] | accessdate = 2006-07-12}}</ref>
Sergeant Parry was shot and killed in 1864 by the bushranger [[John Gilbert (bushranger)|John Gilbert]] in a hold-up of the mail coach near [[Jugiong, New South Wales|Jugiong]]. Gilbert was a member of [[Ben Hall (bushranger)|Ben Hall]]'s gang which was active in the district in 1863-64.<ref name="WalkaboutGundagai">{{cite web | url = http://www.walkabout.com.au/smh/locations/NSWGundagai.shtml | title = Gundagai | work = Walkabout: Australian Travel Guide | publisher = [[John Fairfax Holdings|Fairfax Digital]] | accessdate = 2006-07-12}}</ref>


As early as 1843 the Gundagai and Yass areas were being terrorised by armed bushrangers. On one occasion a gang of five bushrangers held up and robbed Mr Andrews, the Gundagai postmaster and innkeeper. <ref> http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/12414946? </ref> In 1850, to the south of Gundagai near Tarcutta, two bushrangers held up the Royal Mail stealing the Albury and Melbourne mailbags and riding off with the mail coach's horses. <ref> http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/695314? </ref> In 1862 at Bethungra to the west of Gundagai in the Gundagai Police District, the bushranger Jack-in-the-Boots was captured. <ref> http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/60507908? </ref>
As early as 1843 the Gundagai and Yass areas were being terrorised by armed bushrangers. On one occasion a gang of five bushrangers held up and robbed Mr Andrews, the Gundagai postmaster and innkeeper. <ref> http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/12414946? </ref> In 1850, to the south of Gundagai near Tarcutta, two bushrangers held up the Royal Mail stealing the Albury and Melbourne mailbags and rode off with the mail coach's horses. <ref> http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/695314? </ref> In 1862 at Bethungra to the west of Gundagai in the Gundagai Police District, the bushranger Jack-in-the-Boots was captured. <ref> http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/60507908? </ref>


Senior Constable Webb-Bowen was killed by [[Captain Moonlite]] in November 1879 in a hostage incident at McGlede's farm.<ref name="Scott">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 1999 | url = http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers/scott_a.htm | title = Andrew George Scott (alias "Captain Moonlite") | work = Australian Bushrangers | publisher = [http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/index.html Ned Kelly's World] | accessdate = 2006-07-12}}</ref> Captain Moonlite is also buried in the cemetery.<ref name="Smalltown">{{cite web | last = Heydon | first = Ian | authorlink = | year = 2006 | url = http://www.smallguide.com.au/story1.html | title = There’s A Track Winding Back - Growing up in Gundagai | work = Australian Travel Stories | publisher = [http://www.smallguide.com.au/index.html The Small Guide To A Big Country] | accessdate = 2006-07-12}}</ref> Scott had been asked to be buried at Gundagai near his friends James Nesbitt and Augustus Wernicke . Both had been killed in the shoot-out at McGlede's Hut. His request was not granted by the authorities of the time, but his remains were [[Burial#Exhumation|exhumed]] from [[Rookwood Cemetery]] and reinterred at Gundagai near to the unknown location of Nesbitt's grave in January 1995.<ref name="WalkaboutGundagai"/>
Senior Constable Webb-Bowen was killed by [[Captain Moonlite]] in November 1879 in a hostage incident at McGlede's farm.<ref name="Scott">{{cite web | last = | first = | authorlink = | coauthors = | year = 1999 | url = http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/bushrangers/scott_a.htm | title = Andrew George Scott (alias "Captain Moonlite") | work = Australian Bushrangers | publisher = [http://www.nedkellysworld.com.au/index.html Ned Kelly's World] | accessdate = 2006-07-12}}</ref> Captain Moonlite is also buried in the cemetery.<ref name="Smalltown">{{cite web | last = Heydon | first = Ian | authorlink = | year = 2006 | url = http://www.smallguide.com.au/story1.html | title = There’s A Track Winding Back - Growing up in Gundagai | work = Australian Travel Stories | publisher = [http://www.smallguide.com.au/index.html The Small Guide To A Big Country] | accessdate = 2006-07-12}}</ref> Scott had been asked to be buried at Gundagai near his friends James Nesbitt and Augustus Wernicke . Both had been killed in the shoot-out at McGlede's Hut. His request was not granted by the authorities of the time, but his remains were [[Burial#Exhumation|exhumed]] from [[Rookwood Cemetery]] and reinterred at Gundagai near to the unknown location of Nesbitt's grave in January 1995.<ref name="WalkaboutGundagai"/>

Revision as of 08:06, 15 August 2011

Gundagai
New South Wales
The town and the Murrumbidgee floodplain in July 2005. The Hume Highway can be seen in the middle distance.
Population1,998[1]
Established1838
Postcode(s)2722
Elevation232 m (761 ft)
Location
LGA(s)Gundagai Shire Council
CountyClarendon
State electorate(s)Burrinjuck
Federal division(s)Riverina
Mean max temp Mean min temp Annual rainfall
22.4 °C
72 °F		 8.6 °C
47 °F		 713.6 mm
28.1 in

Gundagai (/[invalid input: 'icon']ˈɡʌndəɡaɪ/)[2] is a town in New South Wales, Australia. Although a small town, Gundagai is a popular topic for writers and has become the representation or an icon of the typical Australian country town.[3] Located along the Murrumbidgee River and Muniong, Honeysuckle, Kimo, Mooney Mooney, Murrumbidgee and Tumut mountain ranges, Gundagai is 390 kilometres (240 mi) south-west of Sydney, the state capital and largest city in Australia. Gundagai is part of the Gundagai Shire Council Local Government Area. At the 2006 census the population of Gundagai was 1,998.[1] The town's population was 1,997 in 2001 and 2,064 in 1996.[4]

Geography

Gundagai is an inland town with an elevation of 250 metres (820 ft).[5] Almost all of the shire is located in the South-West Slopes bioregion and is part of the Riverina agricultural region. The eastern part of the shire is considered part of the South Eastern Highlands bioregion.[6]

The Shire has been extensively cleared for agriculture and more than 80% of the area is used for dryland cropping and grazing. Less than 1% of the shire is managed for conservation. There are few remaining examples of the original vegetation cover.[6]

Gundagai is a primarily rural shire with a small population. Eighty per cent of the shire's population live in the town of Gundagai. There are four villages in the Shire: Coolac, Tumblong, Muttama and Nangus, with populations ranging from 40 to 90 people.

Climate

Gundagai has a warm temperate climate.[5][6]

Climate data for Gundagai
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 43.7
(110.7) 		44.0
(111.2) 		39.4
(102.9) 		33.9
(93.0) 		26.5
(79.7) 		21.9
(71.4) 		20.2
(68.4) 		25.9
(78.6) 		28.6
(83.5) 		36.0
(96.8) 		41.6
(106.9) 		42.6
(108.7) 		44.0
(111.2)
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 32.5
(90.5) 		31.2
(88.2) 		28.1
(82.6) 		22.9
(73.2) 		17.9
(64.2) 		13.9
(57.0) 		12.8
(55.0) 		14.9
(58.8) 		18.3
(64.9) 		22.0
(71.6) 		26.3
(79.3) 		29.6
(85.3) 		22.5
(72.5)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 16.7
(62.1) 		16.8
(62.2) 		13.2
(55.8) 		8.6
(47.5) 		5.3
(41.5) 		3.5
(38.3) 		2.5
(36.5) 		3.1
(37.6) 		5.5
(41.9) 		8.0
(46.4) 		12.0
(53.6) 		13.8
(56.8) 		9.1
(48.4)
Record low °C (°F) 5.9
(42.6) 		6.3
(43.3) 		4.5
(40.1) 		−0.8
(30.6) 		−3.1
(26.4) 		−4.6
(23.7) 		−5.5
(22.1) 		−4.8
(23.4) 		−2.0
(28.4) 		−1.6
(29.1) 		1.7
(35.1) 		5.1
(41.2) 		−5.5
(22.1)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 39.0
(1.54) 		51.8
(2.04) 		41.4
(1.63) 		32.4
(1.28) 		37.1
(1.46) 		65.4
(2.57) 		64.2
(2.53) 		58.8
(2.31) 		64.2
(2.53) 		59.0
(2.32) 		66.4
(2.61) 		56.4
(2.22) 		636.2
(25.05)
Average precipitation days 5.7 5.5 5.4 5.4 7.1 11.7 13.4 11.8 10.9 9.6 8.3 7.1 101.9
Source: [5]

History

The Gundagai area is part of the traditional lands of the Wiradjuri speaking people before and post European settlement, and also holds national significance to Indigenous Australians.

The geology of the Gundagai Shire and its situation on a sizeable prehistoric highway, (the Murrumbidgee River), indicates it would have been an important mining, manufacturing and trading place before the arrival of the Europeans.[citation needed] The Murrumbidgee River at Gundagai has been the place of numerous bunyip sightings. [7] [8] [9] The floodplains of the Murrumbidgee below the present town of Gundagai were a frequent meeting place of the Wiradjuri. A bora ring has been identified close to town.[6]

Some believe the name "Gundagai" derives from the word gundabandoo - bingee which is said to mean 'cut with a hand-axe behind the knee' based on gunda meaning 'sinews at the back of the knee' and bingee meaning cut with a tomahawk. The significance of the meaning is not clear though it has been suggested it might refer to the shape of the river bend. It has also been suggested that the name may mean 'going upstream' or 'poor crows'. Australian-born Hamilton Hume and British immigrant William Hovell were the first European explorers to visit what is now Gundagai when they passed through the region between 23rd October - 15th November 1824. Hovell recorded seeing trees already marked by steel "tommyhawks".[10] From June 1828 [11] till 1836, a station run by infamous cattle thief William Warby[12] [13] [14] [15] [16] who was convicted and transported to Van Dieman's Land in 1836 with all stock and possessions forfeited to the Crown after they had been fraudently sold on to his brother Ben Warby [17] [18] [19] [20] of Campbelltown [21] in an effort to retain possession; was to the immediate north of current day Gundagai. [22] "Valued employees" of William Warby were Mr & Mrs Thomas and Caroline McAlister. Whilst living and working at William Warby's establishment, Caroline McAlister gave birth to a daughter on the 10th May, 1830. Caroline and Thomas McAlister named the child Elizabeth. Elizabeth McAlister may have been one of the first children of European descent born in the area.[23] Caroline McAlister was the sister of William Warby's wife. [24]

Sheridan Street scene in the early twentieth century; photograph by Dr Louis Gabriel

Charles Sturt travelled through the area in 1829 at the start of his voyage in search of an inland sea then believed to exist in outback Australia. Sturt again passed through Gundagai on the return leg of this journey in 1830, and returned in 1838 in company with the Hawdon and Bonney overlanding parties.[25] At the time of Sturt's 1829-1830 journey, he found several settlers in the district: Henry O'Brien at Jugiong, William Warby at Mingay and the Stuckey Brothers, Peter and Henry at Willie Ploma and Tumblong. These settlers were beyond the "limits of location" [26] as the district was not within the Nineteen Counties. Charles Sturt in Chapter Two of his Murrumbidgee exploration journal, [27] likens the 'verdant' Gundagai valley as having Diana (mythology) site parallels as recorded in James George Frazer's 'The Golden Bough'. [28] Oak groves and muses featured in some succeeding cultural descriptions of Gundagai and placenames such as that of Virgil Street that ascends Gundagai's Mount Parnassus lead to sites in the local landscape that for example invoke Virgil's 'Aeneid', viz "... there the fearsome cavern of the awesome Sybil lies, Whence came her prophecies". Lady Jane Franklin, the wife of the governor of Tasmania, Sir John Franklin, travelled through Gundagai on 27th April 1839. Lady Jane noted Andrew's store and public house establishment, that had a "neat verandah and shuttered hut". Lady Jane walked from Andrew's, on the north bank of the Murrumbidgee River on the Gundagai floodplain, to Brodribb's hut that was 1/4 mile to the east. [29]

Gundagai Post Office opened on 1 April 1843 as the township (gazetted in 1838) developed.[30] George Augustus Robinson, Chief Protector of Aborigines in Port Phillip, commented that Gundagai was "remarkable for its nomenclature" when passing through the town in 1844. [31]

Gundagai was located at a crossing of the Murrumbidgee River and the route eventually became the Great South Road which in 1914 was declared a main road of New South Wales and named the Hume Highway in 1928. The Main Roads Management Act of June 1858 declared the Great Southern Road, from near Sydney through Goulburn and Gundagai to Albury, as one of the three main roads in the colony. However, its southern reaches were described as only a 'scarcely formed bullock track' as late as 1858. The road was improved in the mid 1860s with some sections near Gundagai "metalled" and all creeks bridged between Adelong Creek (approximately 10 kilometres south of Gundagai) and Albury.[32] The highway bypassed Gundagai in 1977 with the opening of the Sheahan Bridge.[33]

Gundagai railway station

The railway reached Gundagai in 1886 with a branch line to Tumut from Cootamundra on the Main Southern railway line. The branch line was extended reaching Tumut in 1903[34] and Batlow and Kunama in 1923. The line was finally closed after flood damage in 1984.[35]

In 1911 the population of the town was 1,921. It changed little in the course of the twentieth century being 2,308 at the time of the 1981 census and 1,998 at the 2006 census.

Aboriginal leaders Pat Dodson and Noel Pearson, along with senior retired military and vice regal appointees; and current Australian business leaders, met at a remote property on the Murrumbidgee River near Gundagai in September 2008 on the first stages of an Australian Dialogue to promote constitutional reform and structural change for Indigenous Australian people.[36]

Floods

See also: Floods in New South Wales
Memorial to Yarri in the Gundagai cemetery

The original European town that was gazetted in 1838 was situated on the right hand bank of the Murrumbidgee River floodplain at the place colloquially known as 'The Crossing Place'. This town was hit by several large floods of the Murrumbidgee River. The 25 June 1852 flood swept the town away, killing at least 78 people (perhaps 89) of the town's population of 250 people; it is one of the largest natural disasters in Australia's history. Following an even higher flood in 1853, North Gundagai was redeveloped at its current site on Asbestos Hill and Mount Parnassus, above the river, and at South Gundagai on the slopes of Brummies Hill, using pre-existing surveyors plans.[37]

The efforts of Yarri, Jacky Jacky, Long Jimmy and one other Indigenous man in saving many Gundagai people from the 1852 floodwaters were heroic. Between them, these men rescued more than 40 people using bark canoes.[38] Yarri and Jacky Jacky were honored with bronze medallions for their efforts, and were allowed to demand sixpences from all Gundagai residents, although Yarri was maltreated on at least one occasion after the flood.[39] Long Jimmy died not long after his rescues, possibly from the effects of being exposed to the freezing cold and wet conditions.

It is claimed that the Gundagai community developed a special affinity with the Wiradjuri people and that the flood and its aftermath was the birthplace of reconciliation.[6][38]

The town commemorated the sesquicentenary of the flood in 2002.[38]

In June 1891 there was a very high flood of the Murrumbidgee at Gundagai. Several pastoral workers became stranded in trees in a rising river just to the south of Gundagai. Four men who set out in a rescue boat from Gundagai township were also swamped and also ended up in trees in the river channel with the water level rising. A young man, Edward True, born at Gundagai in 1865, dragged a light skiff several miles over hills to the rescue site downstream after the usual road south was cut by rising floodwaters. No one else watching the unfolding tragedy that night was prepared to take the skiff onto the rising and extremely dangerous Murrumbidgee River so True, who could not swim, launched the skiff on to the river and and managed to save several men from drowning. True was awarded the Silver Medal of the Royal Humane Society of Australasia, (RHSA), for his bravery. [40] True had previously been awarded a Certificate of Merit by the RHSA in 1887 after saving a young child from drowning in the bunyip waterhole [41] at Gundagai in 1886. [42] Edward True's parents and two eldest siblings were survivors of the 1852 Gundagai flood.

Bushrangers

Monuments to policemen in Gundagai cemetery

The Gundagai cemetery contains the graves of two policemen shot in the district by bushrangers.

Sergeant Parry was shot and killed in 1864 by the bushranger John Gilbert in a hold-up of the mail coach near Jugiong. Gilbert was a member of Ben Hall's gang which was active in the district in 1863-64.[43]

As early as 1843 the Gundagai and Yass areas were being terrorised by armed bushrangers. On one occasion a gang of five bushrangers held up and robbed Mr Andrews, the Gundagai postmaster and innkeeper. [44] In 1850, to the south of Gundagai near Tarcutta, two bushrangers held up the Royal Mail stealing the Albury and Melbourne mailbags and rode off with the mail coach's horses. [45] In 1862 at Bethungra to the west of Gundagai in the Gundagai Police District, the bushranger Jack-in-the-Boots was captured. [46]

Senior Constable Webb-Bowen was killed by Captain Moonlite in November 1879 in a hostage incident at McGlede's farm.[47] Captain Moonlite is also buried in the cemetery.[48] Scott had been asked to be buried at Gundagai near his friends James Nesbitt and Augustus Wernicke . Both had been killed in the shoot-out at McGlede's Hut. His request was not granted by the authorities of the time, but his remains were exhumed from Rookwood Cemetery and reinterred at Gundagai near to the unknown location of Nesbitt's grave in January 1995.[43]

In February 1862, the bushranger Peisley was captured near Mundarlo and by that evening was lodged in the Gundagai Gaol. [49] Peisley was later hanged at Bathurst. [50] By 1869, Harry Power, early mentor of Ned Kelly, was committing holdups near Adelong. [51]

Early in 1879, Gundagai was in fear that the Ned Kelly gang were going to pay the town a visit. [52] [53] "Extra rifles and ammunition to defend the town", were applied for. [54] Senior Constable Webb-Bowen, who was shot and killed in the battle with Moonlite and his gang at Wantabadgery, was sent to Gundagai in case the Kelly Gang did turn up in the town. Till Victorian police arrived at Gundagai after the capture of Captain Moonlite and his men, also in 1879, no one was sure if any of those captured or shot by police at Wantabadgery were members of Ned Kelly's gang. [55]

Bridges of Gundagai

The Prince Alfred bridge crosses the Murrumbidgee River at Gundagai, photographed c. 1885
The Prince Alfred Bridge; part of the old Hume Highway

In 1867 an iron truss bridge, the Prince Alfred bridge, was completed across the Murrumbidgee River, with a timber viaduct leading to it across the river's flood plain. The bridge has a total length of 921 metres and was the first iron truss bridge to be built in New South Wales.[56] Until 1932 when the Sydney Harbour Bridge was completed, the Prince Alfred bridge was the longest bridge in New South Wales.[33] In 1902 a second (railway) bridge was built, with a total length of 819 metres.

In 1977 the Sheahan bridge was opened, a concrete and steel bridge on the Hume Highway. At 1,143 metres (3,750 ft),[57] it is the second longest bridge in Australia after the Sydney Harbour Bridge.[citation needed] It replaced the Prince Alfred bridge as the crossing of the Murrumbidgee River. The bridge was named after Bill Sheahan (1895–1975), who was a member of the New South Wales Legislative Assembly for Yass from 1941–1950 and for Burrinjuck from 1950–1973 and held various ministerial portfolios.[58]

Economy

Other than tourism generated by romantic bush appeal and the historic bridges, Gundagai's economy remains driven by sheep and cattle, as well as wheat, lucerne and maize production.

As of 2005, secondary industries in Gundagai included the Gundagai Meat Processors Plant and D J Lynch Engineering. The meatworks is the shire's largest single employer with over 100 employees.[6] The latter firm has produced work for major construction projects, including building steel spans for the Olympic Stadium.[59]

Gold mining

Gold was identified by the geologist Rev. W. B. Clarke at Gundagai in 1842.[60] A gold rush hit the area in 1858 following further discoveries of gold and mining continued initially until 1875 and following a second gold rush in 1894, mines operated again until well into the 20th Century with some mining activity still occurring in 2007. The best known historical mines were the 'Robinson and Rice's Mine' (Long Tunnel Mine) a few miles to the south west of Gundagai and the 'Prince of Wales Mine' (where Herbert Hoover, the future President of the United States, was the mining engineer in about 1900[61]) a few miles to the immediate west of Gundagai. Both mines struck the orebody in quartz reefs along serpentine/diorite contact zones with finds of gold telluride (of bismuith origin) also found.[62]

Asbestos mining

Asbestos was first mined commercially in Australia, at Gundagai.[63] Actinolite was mined along Jones Creek just to the west of the town but there are several deposits in the immediate area. Some fibres were two feet long.[64] Prior to 1918 this was the only source of asbestos in New South Wales. Northern Gundagai is built on a hill sometimes known as 'Asbestos Hill' and excavations in the area free the asbestos into the air.[65]

Gundagai is situated on top of significant, Jindalee Group, Cambrian period geology from which the asbestos bearing Gundagai serpentinite originates[66] also indicating prehistoric links to the supercontinent, Gondwana.

Chromite, talc, magnesite, copper and slate were also mined at Gundagai.

Notable places

Rusconi's marble masterpiece

Local monumental mason, Frank Rusconi, carved a miniature Baroque Italian palace from 20,948 pieces of marble collected from around New South Wales. The work is 1.2 metres high and, commencing in 1910, took 28 years to complete. It can be seen in the Gundagai tourist office.[43] Rusconi was also the sculptor of the Dog on the Tuckerbox bronze, although bronze was not his medium.[67]

Niagara cafe

The Niagara cafe opened in 1938 and was a notable stop on the Hume Highway.[68] The cafe makes much of a brief visit by then Prime Minister, John Curtin, in 1942, with a display in the window of the cafe of the crockery used by Curtin and Curtin's link to the cafe.[48]

Heritage listed items

Court House, completed in 1859, was one of the first stone buildings to be erected after the floods of 1852. The interior was originally of red cedar but was destroyed by a fire in 1943 and it was rebuilt with mountain ash. The monument in front of the building is a Boer War memorial.

A number of places in Gundagai are on the New South Wales state heritage register and on the Register of the National Estate.[69]

  • Gundagai rail bridge over Murrumbidgee River[69][70]
  • Gundagai Railway Station and yard group[71]
  • Gundagai Courthouse[43][72]
  • Gundagai District Hospital[69]
  • Murrumbidgee River Underbridge, Gundagai[69]
  • Gundagai Rail Bridge Approaches[73]
  • Old Gundagai Town Site[74]
  • Prince Alfred Bridge[75]

Gundagai as iconic Australian town

Although a small town, Gundagai is a popular topic for writers, including writers of poems and songs,[76] and has become the representation of the typical Australian country town. It has been suggested that this is due to the area becoming a popular meeting place in the nineteenth century for teamsters (or bullockys), bush travellers, swagmen, shearers and drovers.[3]

Statue of the Dog on the Tuckerbox at Snake Gully, five miles from Gundagai. The statue was unveiled by the then Prime-minister Joseph Lyons in 1932 as a tribute to pioneers.

Gundagai, perhaps more than any other Australian locality, is referenced in stories, songs and poems. These include the poems of Jack Moses and others in Nine Miles From Gundagai[77],Jack O'Hagan songs Where the Dog Sits on the Tuckerbox (five miles from Gundagai), Along The Road To Gundagai.[78] and When a Boy from Alabama Meets a Girl from Gundagai [79] It is referenced in Scottish band Goodbye Mr. Mackenzie's song "Dust".

Other references in literature include Banjo Paterson's The Road to Gundagai [80] and the traditional ballad Flash Jack from Gundagai.[81] Additionally, the town is mentioned in Henry Lawson's Scots of the Riverina [82] and C. J. Dennis' The Traveller.[83] Miles Franklin's Brent of Bin Bin saga is set in the area and it includes an account of the flood of 1852.[84]

Photographs of Gundagai

In the early twentieth century, Louis Gabriel, the town's doctor, took up photography. The negatives were preserved and presented to the National Library of Australia after his death and a selection were published in 1976 as a Gundagai Album.[85]

Cultural events

  • The Snake Gully Cup festival is held each November featuring the Snake Gully Cup two-day Racing Carnival. It is one of southern New South Wales' premier race events. It is named for the Snake Gully Cup featured in the Dad and Dave 'On Our Selection' stories by Steele Rudd. The theme music to this serial was Along The Road To Gundagai.[86]
  • The Turning Wave Festival is a music and cultural festival held each September and celebrates Irish and Celtic migration to Australia.[87]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gundagai, New South Wales.

Notes and references

  1. ^ a b Australian Bureau of Statistics (25 October 2007). "Gundagai (Urban Centre/Locality)". 2006 Census QuickStats. Retrieved 2008-02-28.
  2. ^ Macquarie Dictionary, Fourth Edition (2005). Melbourne, The Macquarie Library Pty Ltd. ISBN 1-876429-14-3
  3. ^ a b "Gundagai". Sydney Morning Herald. 8 February 2004. Retrieved 2008-05-08.
  4. ^ Page 24 of "2016.1 Census of Population and Housing: Selected Characteristics for Urban Centres and Localities, New South Wales and Australian Capital Territory" (PDF). 2001 Census Data. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2003. Retrieved 2007-04-10.
  5. ^ a b c "Averages for GUNDAGAI (WILLIAM ST) 1995-2011". Bureau of Meteorology. Retrieved 2 June 2011.
  6. ^ a b c d e f "Gundagai Shire". State of the Environment Reporting for the Australian Capital Region. ACT Commissioner for the Environment. 2006. Archived from the original on 2006-06-20. Retrieved 2006-07-18.
  7. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/57958337?
  8. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/55892724?
  9. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/20321139?
  10. ^ Hovell, W.H. nyg. 'W.H.Hovell Papers' Frames 16-27, pages 20-42, CY Reel 529, Safe 1/32B (Database no. 37) Manuscript Collection, State Library of New South Wales
  11. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/12891866?
  12. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/32150785?
  13. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/31717697?
  14. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/32150785?
  15. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/31718022?
  16. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/2204774
  17. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/31718022?
  18. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/2202835?
  19. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/28654776?
  20. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/36855280
  21. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/2200427?
  22. ^ New South Wales Geographical Names Board and Butcher, Cliff (2002). Gundagai:A Track Winding Back. Gundagai, NSW: self-published. pp. 8–10. ISBN 0-9586200-0-8. Note Butcher states that William Warby, not his brother Ben, was associated with the Gundagai area
  23. ^ http://www.blowering.com/darbalar.html
  24. ^ http://www.blowering.com/wereabol.html
  25. ^ Sturt, C. 1844 'Course of the Hume River, From the Hilly Districts to the Junction of the Morumbidgee', in "Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London", Vo. 14, pp.141-144
  26. ^ http://www.sag.org.au/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=57
  27. ^ Sturt, C., Two expeditions into the interior of southern Australia during the years 1828,1829,1830,1831 Chapter Two, University of South Australia, ebooks, Available [online] http://ebooks.adelaide.edu.au/s/sturt/charles/s93t/
  28. ^ Frazer, J.G. (1990), The Golden Bough The Classic Study in Magic and Religion, Macmillan Press Ltd, London, Melbourne, pp. 139-142, 161-167
  29. ^ Russell, P. (ed.), (2002), 'This Errant Lady, Jane Franklin's Overland Journey to Port Phillip and Sydney, 1839, National Library of Australia, Canberra, 2002, p.76.
  30. ^ Premier Postal History. bin/wsProd.sh/Viewpocdwrapper.p?SortBy=NSW&country= "Post Office List". Retrieved 2009-06-11. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  31. ^ George Augustus Robinson 'Report of a Journey of two thousand two hundred miles to the Tribes of the Coast and Eastern Interior during the year 1844', ca.1844, MLMSS 7335, State Library of NSW, Available [online] http://acms.sl.nsw.gov.au/_transcript/2010/D04795/a2078.pdf
  32. ^ "Hillas Creek Bridge". Heritage and conservation register. Roads and Traffic Authority of New South Wales. 2004. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  33. ^ a b "Prince Alfred Bridge over Murrumbidgee River". Heritage and conservation register. Roads and Traffic Authority (NSW). 2004. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  34. ^ "Tumut Branch". www.nswrail.net. Retrieved 2006-12-11.
  35. ^ "Kunama Branch". www.nswrail.net. Retrieved 2006-12-11.
  36. ^ Rintoul, S. 12 Sept 2008 'Dialogue gets under way at indigenous leaders' retreat' The Australian, http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,24332900-5013172,00.html
  37. ^ State Records of NSW, The Surveyor General's Maps and Plans, map G.7.1028, 1850, Showing the Proposed Extension of the Town of North and South Gundagai, Surveyor Larmer, and map G1028d, 1845, Survey of the Site proposed by Commissioner Bingham as an addition to the town of Gundagai on the South Bank of the Murrumbidgee River, Surveyor J. Larmer
  38. ^ a b c Mr Carr (Maroubra—Premier, Minister for the Arts, and Minister for Citizenship) (25 June 2002). "Gundagai Flood Sesquicentenary". NSW Legislative Assembly Hansard; Ministerial statement. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 2006-01-14.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  39. ^ Gundagai Times, 29 June 1879, as cited in Bodie Asimus (22 September 2003). "Yarri - a Frontier Story". Australian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 2006-10-05.
  40. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/28270926?
  41. ^ identified in Parkes, W. (1952) correspondence between Tindale, Parkes and Hancock, Noel Butlin Archives Centre, ANU Manuscript Collection, D/162, p.96.
  42. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/13646513?
  43. ^ a b c d "Gundagai". Walkabout: Australian Travel Guide. Fairfax Digital. Retrieved 2006-07-12.
  44. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/12414946?
  45. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/695314?
  46. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/60507908?
  47. ^ "Andrew George Scott (alias "Captain Moonlite")". Australian Bushrangers. Ned Kelly's World. 1999. Retrieved 2006-07-12. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help); External link in |publisher= (help)
  48. ^ a b Heydon, Ian (2006). "There's A Track Winding Back - Growing up in Gundagai". Australian Travel Stories. The Small Guide To A Big Country. Retrieved 2006-07-12. {{cite web}}: External link in |publisher= (help)
  49. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/59790616?
  50. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/18688009?
  51. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/13198055?
  52. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/66494857?
  53. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/18923937?
  54. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/18917952?
  55. ^ http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/43086940?
  56. ^ "Prince Alfred Bridge Over Murrumbidgee River". Heritage Branch. New South Wales Government. Retrieved 31 May 2011.
  57. ^ "Sheahan Bridge". Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government. Nation Building program. Retrieved 2009-06-29. [dead link]
  58. ^ "Sheahan, William Francis". Law and History New South Wales: Attorneys General. Lawlink NSW. 1999. Retrieved 2006-08-21. [dead link]
  59. ^ "About the Shire". Gundagai Shire Council. 2005. Retrieved 2006-07-12.
  60. ^ Mundy, Godfrey Charles (1852). Our Antipodes or, Residence and Rambles in the Australasian Colonies, with a Glimpse of the Goldfields (pdf download). Originally published by Richard Bentley, London; digital publication by The Sydney Electronic Text and Image Service (SETIS), part of the University of Sydney Library. p. 669. Retrieved 2006-08-25.
  61. ^ Hoover's assay bowl is at Gundagai Museum
  62. ^ Mine Record, Prince of Wales Mine, Lachlan Division, Mine record 1621, 7 June 1901, and Mine Record, Robinson and Rice's Mine, Gundagai Mining Division, Mine Record 32, 20 May 1901, Available online
  63. ^ Butcher, C. Gundagai: A Track Winding Back, p.107
  64. ^ Department of Mines, Geological Survey No 14, 1924,Available online
  65. ^ Asbestos Hill Gundagai Map 8527-4-N Topographic Map 1:25,000 Second edition NSW Australia
  66. ^ Geological Series Sheet 8527 (Edition 1)1990, Australia1:100 000, Tumut Mineralogical Map.
  67. ^ Kerr, Joan (1988). "Rusconi, Francis Philip (1874 - 1964)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
  68. ^ McGirr, Michael (2005-02-14). "The road most travelled". Travel. Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 2006-07-18.
  69. ^ a b c d "Places on heritage registers in or near Gundagai". State of the Environment Reporting for the Australian Capital Region. ACT Commissioner for the Environment. 2004. Retrieved 2006-11-10.
  70. ^ "Gundagai rail bridge over Murrumbidgee River". NSW Heritage Office listing. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  71. ^ "Gundagai Railway Station and yard group". NSW Heritage Office listing. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  72. ^ "Gundagai Courthouse, Sheridan St, Gundagai, NSW, Australia (Place ID 707)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  73. ^ "Gundagai Rail Bridge Approaches, Gundagai, NSW, Australia (Place ID 15895)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  74. ^ "Old Gundagai Town Site, Middleton Dr, Gundagai, NSW, Australia (Place ID 101275)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  75. ^ "Prince Alfred Bridge, Gundagai, NSW, Australia (Place ID 703)". Australian Heritage Database. Australian Government. Retrieved 2008-03-10.
  76. ^ Peter Pierce, ed. (1987). The Oxford Literary Guide to Australia. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 44–46.
  77. ^ Moses, J. 1939 'Nine Miles From Gundagai', Angus and Robertson
  78. ^ National Film and Sound Archive: Along the Road to Gundagai on australianscreen online
  79. ^ "John Francis 'Jack' O'Hagan (1898-1987) Song Composer". Brighton General Cemetery - Historic interments. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  80. ^ Patterson, A. B. "The Road to Gundagai". staff page of the University of Queensland. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  81. ^ "Flash Jack from Gundagai". Australian Folk Songs. folkstream.com Australian traditional songs . . . a selection by Mark Gregory. Retrieved 2008-03-16.
  82. ^ Lawson, Henry (1917). "Scots of the Riverina". Selected Poems of Henry Lawson. ghostwolf.dyndns.org. Retrieved 2008-03-16. His name must never be mentioned on the farm by Gundagai— // They were Scots of the Riverina with ever the kirk hard by. ... There were tears at the Grahame homestead and grief in Gundagai; ...
  83. ^ "THE TRAVELLER by C J Dennis". www.middlemiss.org. Retrieved 2008-03-16. As I rode in to Gundagai, //I met a man and passed him by // Without a nod, without a word. // He turned, and said he'd never heard // Or seen a man so wise as I. // But I rode on to Gundagai.
  84. ^ Birtles, Terry (2006-11-01). "Miles Franklin and her 'Brindabella' childhood". M A R G I N: life & letters in early Australia / Mulini Press. Retrieved 2008-03-16. This book first appeared in 1936 in The Bulletin as a serial under the pen-name of "Brent of Bin Bin" and it presents Stella's grandfather [Joseph Franklin] with some accuracy. ... Because family fortunes were at low ebb, Joseph then set out for the Victorian gold-fields in 1852, the year that floods washed away the first settlements at Gundagai, Tumut and even part of Yass. Crossing a flooded river south of Gundagai, Joseph lost his saddle and swag and almost died of hunger as a consequence.
  85. ^ Santamaria, Catherine (1981). "Gabriel, Charles Louis (1857 - 1927)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University. ISBN 978-0-522-84459-7. ISSN 1833-7538. OCLC 70677943. Retrieved 2008-03-11. See also "Gundagai photograph collection, taken by Dr C.L. Gabriel, from the Butcher and Bell collections". National Library of Australia. Retrieved 2008-03-11.
  86. ^ The Snake Gully Cup Festival
  87. ^ "The Turning Wave Festival". Gundagai Shire Council. Retrieved 2006-09-13.

35°4′0″S 148°6′0″E / 35.06667°S 148.10000°E / -35.06667; 148.10000

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