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Revision as of 07:05, 15 October 2012

For the former railroad, see Hudson and Manhattan Railroad. For the ornithological checklist, see Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World. For the Canadian publishing firm, see Hartley & Marks Publishers.

H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB
Company typePublicly traded Aktiebolag (Nasdaq Stockholm: HM B)
IndustryRetailing
FoundedVästerås, Sweden (1947 as "Hennes")
HeadquartersStockholm, Sweden
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Erling Persson (Founder)
Stefan Persson (Chairman)
Karl-Johan Persson (President and CEO)
ProductsClothing, accessories
Revenue126.97 billion (2010)[1]
15,493,000,000 Swedish krona (2018) Edit this on Wikidata
SEK 18.68 billion (2010)[1]
Total assets118,790,000,000 Swedish krona (2018) Edit this on Wikidata
Number of employees
59,440 (FTE, 2010 average)[1]
Websitewww.hm.com

H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB (operating as H&M) is a Swedish multinational retail-clothing company, known for its fast-fashion clothing for men, women, teenagers and children.

H&M exists in 43 countries and as of 2011 employed around 94,000 people.[2] It has 2,325 stores at end of 2011 and 2,629 stores at end of August 2012.[3] It is ranked the second largest global clothing retailer, just behind Spain-based Inditex (parent company of ZARA), and leads over third largest global clothing retailer, United States based GAP Inc.

The design team in the company’s Sweden office controls the steps of production from merchandise planning to establishing specifications, and production is outsourced to approximately 800 factories in Europe and Asia. These facilities are used for horizontal division of labor rather than being integrated.[4] This store has a representative that buys clothes on the hit show, Fashion Star. Fashion Star is a reality show that airs on fox, channel 6.

The company worldwide

H&M worldwide.
  300+ stores
  200+ stores
  100+ stores
  50+ stores
  20+ stores
  10+ stores
  1+ stores
  Upcoming stores

Number of stores as of 30 November 2011[5]

Africa:[6]

Asia:[6][7]

Europe:[8]

North America:[10]

South America:

Asia

H&M store in the Ginza district in Tokyo, Japan

The company opened its first Asian store (also the company's first franchise) in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, in 2006. It followed with a store in the Salmiya district of Kuwait City, Kuwait.

The first Israeli store was opened in Tel Aviv in 2010, followed by five more stores across the country. More stores are expected to open, mainly in the Tel Aviv Metropolitan Area.[13]

It expanded into East Asia in March 2007, with its first store opening in Central Hong Kong on 10 March 2007. Australian pop singer Kylie Minogue opened that store where she also exclusively launched her range of swimwear, "H&M loves Kylie".

The first location in Shanghai, China, was opened in 2007.[citation needed]

The first Japanese store was opened in Ginza on 13 September 2008, while a second store was opened in Harajuku in November 2008. Another store was opened in the Shibuya shopping district on 19 September 2009.[14]

On 25 February 2009, the company announced that it had signed an agreement to open its first store in South Korea, located in the Myeongdong district of Seoul, and that it was scheduled to open during Spring 2010.[15]

The company also opened their first store in Singapore on 3 September 2011. The store located on Orchard Road with 2,800 square meters space that spans across three levels.[16]

The first store in Thailand, a duplex flagship store with an area of 3,300 sqm, was opened on 29 September 2012. It located in Siam Paragon in Bangkok. Another store, located at The Mall Bangkapi also in Bangkok, will be open in 10 October 2012.[17]

The first store in Malaysia was opened on 22 September 2012, and is located at Lot 10, Kuala Lumpur[18] The second store at Setia City Mall in Shah Alam, will be open in 4 October 2012.

Europe

H&M store at the Pavilions Shopping Centre, Birmingham, UK.
H&M store in Angers, France (May 2010).
H&M store on Briggate in Leeds, England (May 2010).
H&M store in Sheffield City centre
Map of H&M stores in the U.K. and Ireland, as of August 2011.

Its first non-Swedish store was opened in Norway in 1964,[19] and from then onwards, the company embarked upon a major expansion program opening many further stores in Europe, including Denmark, Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. The first H&M store to open outside of Scandinavia was in the United Kingdom, in 1976.[20] And this year H&M is planning to go back north - the opening of two new stores in Riga is announced.[21]

In the 1990s, its first stores opened in Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, the Netherlands and Spain. In Portugal the first store opened in 2003, in Chiado, Lisboa. The company has continued to expand its business and the company has an extensive network throughout much of Europe. Germany is the company's largest market (with 377 stores as of 2011), followed by the United Kingdom (with 192 stores as of 2011) and then Sweden (with 168 stores as of 2011).Cite error: The <ref> tag has too many names (see the help page). It is planned that the first two stores will be opened in Lithuanian capital Vilnius. The largest store will be opened in the biggest mall "Akropolis" and will be the size of 3.000 square meters. According to H&M, this store will be the largest in the Baltic states.[22] It was publicly declared that later that year openings in Kaunas and Klaipeda - second and third Lithuanian cities - will follow up.

Croatia

Croatia is the second European country that isn't in The European Union where H&M opened their store. On 7 and 14 April 2011, first two stores were opened in Croatia in the exclusive Cvjetni shopping center in Zagreb and in the Arena Centar, near the Zagreb Arena. On 25 August 2011 store was opened in City Center One, Split, on 8 September 2011 store was opened in Zadar and on 15 September 2011 store was opened in City Center One, Zagreb. On 20 October 2011 store was opened in Westgate Shopping City.

Russia

On 13 March 2009, the company opened its first location in Russia, in the Metropolis mall in Moscow, near the Moscow Metro Voykovskaya station. On 20 March 2009, it opened a second Russian location in the MEGA Family Shopping Centre in Khimki. On 22 October 2009, a third location opened in the MEGA Family Shopping Centre in Belaya Dacha. On 18 October 2009, a store was opened in Rostokino at the Golden Babylon shopping centre, Europe's largest[citation needed] shopping centre.

North America

Canada

The company opened its first Canadian store in March 2004. There are currently[when?] fifty-six stores in Canada, including Alberta, British Columbia, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario and Quebec.

United States

H&M store on 125th Street in New York City, United States (unknown date; pre April 2006).
Map of H&M stores in the U.S., as of August 2011.

As of August 2010, the company had nearly two hundred individual stores in the United States.[citation needed]

It had opened its first U.S. store in New York City, on Fifth Avenue (at 51st Street) in March 2000; as of January 2011, nine additional stores in city's Manhattan borough alone.[citation needed]

On 18 March 2010, the company opened its first store in North Carolina at the Crabtree Valley Mall in Raleigh.[citation needed]

In October 2010, plans were announced for it to open its first Texas location in Dallas.[23] The Dallas store opened 19 August 2011 at the North Park Mall off of 75 in North Dallas.[24]

The company opened in The Gardens Mall in Palm Beach Gardens, Florida, on 5 November 2010.[citation needed]

On 11 November 2010, it opened its first Oregon location at the Pioneer Place in Portland.[citation needed]

In 2011, H&M opened a flagship store in Denver, Colorado and also announced that it would open other locations in the Carolinas in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.[25]

Online Shopping

On 27 January 2011, H&M announced through its official Twitter account that there will be online shopping available to USA customers at the turn of 2011/2012.[citation needed]

Oceania

Australia

Although the company as of June 2012 has no stores in Australia, in April 2007, Kylie Minogue teamed up with the company to introduce a swimwear line called, "H&M loves Kylie", featuring a theme of Australia. "When we think of Australia and glamour, we think Kylie, who is such a stylish person," the company's design head Margareta van den Bosch said in a statement.[26]

Marketing

In 2008, the company used the song "Hang On" by British singer-songwriter Lettie as background music to its UK website. Their fashions have been featured in an interactive fashion art film by Imagine Fashion called Decadent Control. It premiered in March 2011 and stars Roberto Cavalli, Kirsty Hume, Eva Herzigová and Brad Kroenig.

Guest-designer collaborations

In November 2004, selected company stores offered an exclusive collection by fashion designer Karl Lagerfeld. The press reported large crowds and that the initial inventories in the larger cities were sold out within an hour,[27] although the clothes were still available in less-fashion-sensitive areas until the company redistributed them to meet with demand.[28]

In November 2005, the company launched a collection by Stella McCartney and, in November 2006, by avant-garde Dutch designers Viktor & Rolf.

In March 2007, it launched another collaboration designed by the pop star Madonna.[29] In June 2007 the company worked with game developers Maxis to create a stuff pack for the latter's The Sims 2 computer game, H&M Fashion Stuff.[30]

In November 2007, the company launched a collection by Italian designer Roberto Cavalli. It was reported that the clothing sold out very quickly. Also in 2007, another design with Kylie Minogue was launched in Shanghai, China.[26] In the spring of 2008 the Finnish company Marimekko was selected as guest designer and was followed by Japanese Comme des Garçons in the fall.

For spring and summer 2009, the British designer Matthew Williamson created two exclusive ranges for the company – the first being a collection of women's clothes released in selected stores. The second collection saw Williamson branch into menswear for the first time, only in selected stores. The second collection also featured swimwear for men and women and was available in every company store worldwide.[31]

On 14 November 2009, the company released a limited-edition diffusion collection by Jimmy Choo featuring shoes and handbags, ranging from £30 to £170 including a range of men's shoes. The collection also included clothing designed by Choo for the first time, many garments made from suede and leather, and was available in 200 stores worldwide, including London's Oxford Circus store.[32] Sonia Rykiel also collaborated with the company, by designing a ladies knitwear and lingerie range that was released in selected company stores on 5 December 2009.

For Fall 2010, the company collaborated with French fashion house Lanvin[33] for its 2010 guest designer.

For Spring/Summer 2011, the company collaborated with fashion blogger Elin Kling, which was available at selected stores only.

In June 2011, H&M announced a collaboration plan with Versace, that was released on November 19. Versace is also planning a Spring collaboration with H&M that will only be available in countries with online sales.[34]

In November 2011, H&M announced a collaboration plan with Marni, to be launched in March 2012. The campaign will be directed by award-winning director Sofia Coppola.[35]

On 4 October 2012, Japanese Vogue editor Anna Dello Russo will launch an accessories collection at H&M as Paris Fashion Week draws to an end. The collection will be stocked in 140 H&M stores worldwide and also be sold through the H&M website[36]

On June 12, 2012 H&M confirmed that it will launch a collaboration with avant-garde label Maison Martin Margiela for a fall rollout. The Maison Martin Margiela collection for H&M will hit stores on November 15, 2012.

Brand

The branding consultancy Interbrand ranked the company as the twenty-first most-valuable global brand in 2009 and 2010,[37] making it the highest-ranked retailer in the survey. Its worth is estimated at $12–16 billion.[38][39]

The full company name Hennes & Mauritz was rebranded to H&M to simplify worldwide perception of the brand.[when?]

The company owns the two-letter domain hm.com. The domain was registered in the early 1990s, but data on the first registration is lost. In 1998 Hennes & Mauritz was able to buy the domain hm.com from a company called A1 in a non-published domain transaction.[40]

Home furnishing

In a press release, the company announced that it would begin selling home furnishings.[41] As of 2009, it was distributed exclusively by the company's internet catalog, so it is only available in countries where H&M is sold online, such as Denmark, Finland, Germany, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden and the UK.

Controversies

On 6 January 2010, it was reported that unsold clothing and other items in one New York City store are cut up before being discarded, presumably to prevent resale or use.[42]

In August 2011, nearly 300 workers passed out in one week at a Cambodian factory supplying H&M. Fumes from chemicals, poor ventilation, malnutrition and even "mass hysteria" have all been blamed for making workers ill. The minimum wage in Cambodia is the equivalent of just $66 (£42) a month, a level that human rights groups say is not even half that required to meet basic needs.[43]

On 24 January 2012, H&M was reported to have stolen an artist's work, using it on multiple items without compensating the artist.[44]

Philanthropy

As of 2012, H&M has raised over $4.5 Million USD, through a 5 year partner program with charity organization UNICEF.[45]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Annual Results 2010" (PDF). Hennes & Mauritz. Retrieved 27 January 2011.
  2. ^ "Facts about H&M". HM.com.
  3. ^ "Hennes & Mauritz Sales Miss Estimates After August Heatwave". 17 September 2012.
  4. ^ Kensuke Kojima (2011). Uniqlo Syndrome. Toyo Keizai Shinpo Sha. ISBN 4-492-76191-8 Tenkai Japan. ASIN: B004PYDPOK.
  5. ^ "The world of H&M - Our sales markets". HM.com.
  6. ^ a b "Middle East and Northern Africa". HM.com.
  7. ^ "Asia". HM.com.
  8. ^ "Europe". HM.com.
  9. ^ [1]
  10. ^ "North America". HM.com.
  11. ^ [2]
  12. ^ [3]
  13. ^ Staff writer (12 March 2010). "First H&M Store In Israel Opens". The Financial. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  14. ^ Another store in Shin Misato, Saitama Prefecture was also opened in the Lala Port Shopping Mall."Carter Associates".
  15. ^ Press release (25 February 2009). "H&M Opens the First Store in South Korea". H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB (via Cision Wire). Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  16. ^ Singapore becomes new H&M-market, H&M, 22 November 2010
  17. ^ Swedish Fashion Retailer H&M Coming to Bangkok's Siam Paragon
  18. ^ H&M Malaysia to be Located in Lot10, Bukit Bintang
  19. ^ Staff writer (undated). "The World of H&M – Norway". H&M. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
  20. ^ "The World of H&M" hm.com
  21. ^ "H&M plans to open two new stores in Riga"
  22. ^ H&M dėl parduotuvės sutarė ir su sostinės prekybos centru "Panorama"
  23. ^ Halkias, Maria (27 October 2010). "H&M Opening First Texas Store at Dallas' NorthPark Center". Dallas Morning News. Retrieved 27 October 2010.
  24. ^ http://www.wfaa.com/news/consumer/H--M-store--128026228.html
  25. ^ Staff Reports (24 June 2011). "Fashion retailer H&M coming to Hanes Mall". Greensboro News & Record. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  26. ^ a b "Australian Singer Kylie Minogue Chosen for H&M Beachwear Campaign – EnjoyFashion".
  27. ^ "Designplagg Tog Slut På en Timme" (in Swedish language).
  28. ^ "H&M för Snobbigt för Lagerfeld" (in Swedish language).
  29. ^ "H&M – Press", 30 November 2010
  30. ^ "The Sims(tm) 2 H&M Fashion Stuff". Retrieved 25 December 2007.
  31. ^ H&M – Fashion. Hm.com (25 November 2008). Retrieved 31 December 2010.
  32. ^ "Jimmy Choo – Press Release". Cision Wire. Retrieved 17 June 2009.
  33. ^ "Lanvin for H&M – Press Release". 30 November 2010.
  34. ^ "H&M – Press Release". Cision Wire. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
  35. ^ http://www.forbes.com/sites/bluecarreon/2011/11/29/marni-for-hm-collaboration-for-spring-2012/ Marni For H&M Collaboration For Spring 2012, 29 November 2011.
  36. ^ "Anna Dello Russo to design an accessories range for H&M". 3 May 2012.
  37. ^ 2010 Ranking. Interbrand
  38. ^ Interbrand, Best Global Brand List.
  39. ^ "BrandZ Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands 2009".
  40. ^ VB.com "Internet Hall of Fame – History of the HM.com Internet Address".
  41. ^ "H&M Home Fashions". H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB. 28 November 2008. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  42. ^ (registration required) Dwyer, Jim (6 January 2010). "A Clothing Clearance Where More Than Just the Prices Have Been Slashed". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 January 2010.
  43. ^ "Cambodian workers hold 'people's tribunal' to look at factory conditions". The Guardian. 2 February 2012. Retrieved 2 February 2012.
  44. ^ "Update: H&M is Still Awesome". regretsy.com. 3 February 2012. Retrieved 3 February 2012.
  45. ^ "Stores like H&M". Retrieved 20 May 2012.
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