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[[File:Ottoman_eunuch,_1912.jpg|thumb|left|Chief [[black people|black]] [[eunuch]] in the [[Imperial Harem]] in 1912.]]
[[File:Ottoman_eunuch,_1912.jpg|thumb|left|Chief [[black people|black]] [[eunuch]] in the [[Imperial Harem]] in 1912.]]


Some came from [[Crete]] following the [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey]] in 1923. They settled on the [[Aegean Sea|Aegean]] coast, mainly around İzmir.<ref name="todayszaman.com"/> Africans in [[Ayvalık]] declare that their ancestors from Crete spoke [[Cretan Greek|Greek]] when they came to Turkey and learned Turkish later.<ref>[http://www.afroturk.org/balikesir.aspx Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç: Balıkesir/Ayvalık, afroturk.org, retrieved 25 January 2009]</ref> Afro-Turks living in İzmir celebrated the traditional spring festival ''Dana Bayramı'' ("Calf Festival") until the 1960s. ''Dana Bayramı'' has currently been revived among the younger generation of Afro-Turks.<ref name="radikal.com.tr"/>
Some came from [[Crete]] following the [[population exchange between Greece and Turkey]] in 1923. They settled on the [[Aegean Sea|Aegean]] coast, mainly around İzmir.<ref name="todayszaman.com"/> Africans in [[Ayvalık]] declare that their ancestors from Crete spoke [[Cretan Greek|Greek]] when they came to Turkey and learned Turkish later.<ref>[http://www.afroturk.org/balikesir.aspx Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç: Balıkesir/Ayvalık, afroturk.org, retrieved 25 January 2009] {{wayback|url=http://www.afroturk.org/balikesir.aspx |date=20090218151234 |df=y }}</ref> Afro-Turks living in İzmir celebrated the traditional spring festival ''Dana Bayramı'' ("Calf Festival") until the 1960s. ''Dana Bayramı'' has currently been revived among the younger generation of Afro-Turks.<ref name="radikal.com.tr"/>


[[Ulcinj]] in [[Montenegro]] had its own black community – descendants of the [[Slavery (Ottoman Empire)|Ottoman slave trade]] that had flourished there.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyber-adventures.com/yugo.html |title=Yugoslavia – Montenegro and Kosovo – The Next Conflict? |publisher=Cyber-adventures.com |date=1997-01-16 |accessdate=2012-05-03}}</ref> As a consequence of the slave trade and [[privateer]] activity, it is told that 100 black people lived in [[Ulcinj]] until 1878.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visit-montenegro.com/cities-ulcinj-h.htm |title=Ulcinj – History |publisher=Visit-montenegro.com |date= |accessdate=2012-05-03}}</ref> The [[Military of the Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Army]] counted thousands of Black African soldiers in its ranks. The army sent to [[Balkans]] during the [[Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18]] included 24,000 men from Africa.<ref>Dieudonne Gnammankou, [http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/russia2.html "African Slave Trade in Russia"], in Doudou Diene, ''La Chaine et le lien'', Paris: Editions UNESCO, 1998.</ref>
[[Ulcinj]] in [[Montenegro]] had its own black community – descendants of the [[Slavery (Ottoman Empire)|Ottoman slave trade]] that had flourished there.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cyber-adventures.com/yugo.html |title=Yugoslavia – Montenegro and Kosovo – The Next Conflict? |publisher=Cyber-adventures.com |date=1997-01-16 |accessdate=2012-05-03}}</ref> As a consequence of the slave trade and [[privateer]] activity, it is told that 100 black people lived in [[Ulcinj]] until 1878.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.visit-montenegro.com/cities-ulcinj-h.htm |title=Ulcinj – History |publisher=Visit-montenegro.com |date= |accessdate=2012-05-03}}</ref> The [[Military of the Ottoman Empire|Ottoman Army]] counted thousands of Black African soldiers in its ranks. The army sent to [[Balkans]] during the [[Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18]] included 24,000 men from Africa.<ref>Dieudonne Gnammankou, [http://www.cwo.com/~lucumi/russia2.html "African Slave Trade in Russia"], in Doudou Diene, ''La Chaine et le lien'', Paris: Editions UNESCO, 1998.</ref>


==Today==
==Today==
Areas with significant populations are in the [[Aegean Region]], especially [[İzmir Province|İzmir]], [[Aydın Province|Aydın]], and [[Muğla Province|Muğla]]. There are also people of African ancestry living in some villages and municipalities of [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] and [[Adana Province|Adana]] provinces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afroturk.org/yasam_alanlari.aspx |title=Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç|accessdate= 25 January 2009 |publisher=Afroturk.org |date= |}}</ref> Some of the descendants of the African settlers remain, mixed with the rest of the population in these areas, and many migrated to larger cities.<ref name="todayszaman.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=141522 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827055914/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=141522|archivedate=27 August 2008 |title=Turks with African ancestors want their existence to be felt|work=Today's Zaman |date= 11 May 2008 |accessdate= 28 August 2008 |publisher=Todayszaman.com |}}</ref> These factors make it difficult to guess the number of Afro-Turks.<ref>[http://www.yeniasir.com.tr/haber_detay.php?hid=13561 Afrika'nın kapıları İzmir'e açılıyor], ''Yeni Asır'', 21 November 2008, retrieved 25 January 2009.</ref>
Areas with significant populations are in the [[Aegean Region]], especially [[İzmir Province|İzmir]], [[Aydın Province|Aydın]], and [[Muğla Province|Muğla]]. There are also people of African ancestry living in some villages and municipalities of [[Antalya Province|Antalya]] and [[Adana Province|Adana]] provinces.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afroturk.org/yasam_alanlari.aspx |title=Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç|accessdate= 25 January 2009 |publisher=Afroturk.org |date= |}}</ref> Some of the descendants of the African settlers remain, mixed with the rest of the population in these areas, and many migrated to larger cities.<ref name="todayszaman.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=141522 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080827055914/http://www.todayszaman.com/tz-web/detaylar.do?load=detay&link=141522|archivedate=27 August 2008 |title=Turks with African ancestors want their existence to be felt|work=Today's Zaman |date= 11 May 2008 |accessdate= 28 August 2008 |publisher=Todayszaman.com |}}</ref> These factors make it difficult to guess the number of Afro-Turks.<ref>[http://www.yeniasir.com.tr/haber_detay.php?hid=13561 Afrika'nın kapıları İzmir'e açılıyor] {{wayback|url=http://www.yeniasir.com.tr/haber_detay.php?hid=13561 |date=20090217223142 |df=y }}, ''Yeni Asır'', 21 November 2008, retrieved 25 January 2009.</ref>


==Notable Afro-Turks==
==Notable Afro-Turks==

Revision as of 07:22, 5 October 2016

Afro Turks
Türkiye'deki Afrikalılar
Regions with significant populations
Muğla, Izmir, Antalya
Languages
Turkish, Cretan Greek

Afro Turks are people of Zanj descent in Turkey. Like the Afro-Abkhazians, they trace their origin to the Ottoman slave trade.

History

Beginning several centuries ago, a number of Africans, usually via Zanzibar as Zanj and from places such as Niger, Saudi Arabia, Libya, Kenya and Sudan,[1] came to the Ottoman Empire settled by the Dalaman, Menderes and Gediz valleys, Manavgat, and Çukurova. African quarters of 19th-century İzmir, including Sabırtaşı, Dolapkuyu, Tamaşalık, İkiçeşmelik, and Ballıkuyu, are mentioned in contemporary records.[2]

Chief black eunuch in the Imperial Harem in 1912.

Some came from Crete following the population exchange between Greece and Turkey in 1923. They settled on the Aegean coast, mainly around İzmir.[1] Africans in Ayvalık declare that their ancestors from Crete spoke Greek when they came to Turkey and learned Turkish later.[3] Afro-Turks living in İzmir celebrated the traditional spring festival Dana Bayramı ("Calf Festival") until the 1960s. Dana Bayramı has currently been revived among the younger generation of Afro-Turks.[2]

Ulcinj in Montenegro had its own black community – descendants of the Ottoman slave trade that had flourished there.[4] As a consequence of the slave trade and privateer activity, it is told that 100 black people lived in Ulcinj until 1878.[5] The Ottoman Army counted thousands of Black African soldiers in its ranks. The army sent to Balkans during the Austro-Turkish War of 1716–18 included 24,000 men from Africa.[6]

Today

Areas with significant populations are in the Aegean Region, especially İzmir, Aydın, and Muğla. There are also people of African ancestry living in some villages and municipalities of Antalya and Adana provinces.[7] Some of the descendants of the African settlers remain, mixed with the rest of the population in these areas, and many migrated to larger cities.[1] These factors make it difficult to guess the number of Afro-Turks.[8]

Notable Afro-Turks

Arts

Sports

Literature

Politics

Military

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b c "Turks with African ancestors want their existence to be felt". Today's Zaman. Todayszaman.com. 11 May 2008. Archived from the original on 27 August 2008. Retrieved 28 August 2008. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  2. ^ a b "Afro-Türklerin tarihi, ''Radikal'', 30 August 2008, retrieved 22 January 2009". Radikal.com.tr. 30 August 2008. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
  3. ^ Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç: Balıkesir/Ayvalık, afroturk.org, retrieved 25 January 2009 Template:Wayback
  4. ^ "Yugoslavia – Montenegro and Kosovo – The Next Conflict?". Cyber-adventures.com. 16 January 1997. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
  5. ^ "Ulcinj – History". Visit-montenegro.com. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
  6. ^ Dieudonne Gnammankou, "African Slave Trade in Russia", in Doudou Diene, La Chaine et le lien, Paris: Editions UNESCO, 1998.
  7. ^ "Yerleşim Yerleri ve Göç". Afroturk.org. Retrieved 25 January 2009. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  8. ^ Afrika'nın kapıları İzmir'e açılıyor Template:Wayback, Yeni Asır, 21 November 2008, retrieved 25 January 2009.
  9. ^ Marie Woolf: "UK peer Meral Hussein-Ece and artist cousin Tracey Emin trace roots to slavery", The Australian, 19 July, 2010

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Afro-Turks&oldid=742701107"