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Coordinates: 55°44′56″N 37°36′8″E / 55.74889°N 37.60222°E / 55.74889; 37.60222
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{{Infobox Government agency
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| name = Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation
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| nativename_a = {{lang|ru|Министерство обороны Российской Федерации}}
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| logo = Flag of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation.svg{{!}}border
PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS. I PEED MY PANTS.
| logo_width = 150 px
| logo_caption = Official flag
| seal = Medium emblem of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (21.07.2003-present).svg
| seal_caption = Ministry emblem
| picture = Moscow Frunzenskaya Embankment at Pushkinsky Bridge 08-2016.jpg
| picture_caption = [[Main Building of the Ministry of Defense (Russia)|A building of the ministry]] in [[Khamovniki District]]
| formed = 1717 as [[College of War]]
| headquarters = Znamenka 19, [[Moscow]], [[Russia]]<ref>RF MOS website www.mil.ru accessed 9 August 2012.</ref>
| coordinates = {{coord|55|44|56|N|37|36|8|E|type:landmark_region:RU|display=inline,title}}
| preceding1 = Ministry of Defence of the Soviet Union (1946–1991)
| preceding2 = People's Commissariat of Defence of the Soviet Union (1934–1946)
| preceding3 = Ministry of War of the Russian Empire (1802–1917)
| preceding4 = [[College of War]] (1717–1802)
| minister1_name = [[Sergey Shoygu]]
| minister1_pfo =
| dissolved =
| superseding =
| jurisdiction = [[President of Russia]]
|budget = US$ 69.3 billion (2014)
| employees =
| child1_agency = Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation<br />Federal Service for Technical and Export Control<br />[[Federal Service for Defence Contracts]]<br />Federal Agency for Special Construction<br />Federal Agency for the supply of arms, military and special equipment and material supplies
| website = {{URL|http://www.mil.ru/}}
}}
The '''Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation''' ({{lang-ru|Министерство обороны Российской Федерации, Минобороны России}}, informally abbreviated as МО or МО РФ) exercises administrative and operational leadership of the [[Russian Armed Forces]].

The Russian Minister of Defence is the nominal head of all the Armed Forces, serving under the [[president of Russia]], who is the [[Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation]]. In this capacity, the minister exercises day-to-day administrative and operational authority over the armed forces. The General Staff, the executive body of the Ministry of Defence, implements the defence minister's operational instructions and orders. The [[State Duma]] exercises legislative authority over the Ministry of Defence through the [[Government of Russia]], which is nominally responsible for maintaining the armed forces at the appropriate level of readiness.

[[Main Building of the Ministry of Defense (Russia)|The main ministry building]], built in the 1980s, is located on Arbatskaya Square, near [[Arbat Street]]. Other buildings of the ministry are located throughout the city of Moscow. The high supreme body that responsible for the Ministry's management and supervision of the Armed Forces is [[The National Defense Management Center]] (Национальный центр управления обороной РФ) which located in Frunze Naberezhnaya and responsible for centralization of the Armed Forces' command.

The current Russian minister of Defence is [[Sergey Shoygu]].

==History==
{{Russian military}}
[[File:Lobanov-Rostovsky Residence (view).JPG|thumb|right|[[Lobanov-Rostovsky Palace]], Former Defense Ministry building.]]
The authors of the U.S. [[Library of Congress Country Studies]]' volume for Russia said in July 1996 that:

{{quote|The structure of the Russian Defense Ministry does not imply military subordination to civilian authority in the Western sense.<ref>[[Library of Congress Country Studies]] Russia, [http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?frd/cstdy:@field(DOCID+ru0194) Command Structure]</ref> The historical tradition of military command is considerably different in Russia. The [[tsar]]s were educated as officers, and they regularly wore military uniforms and held military rank. [[Joseph Stalin|Josef Stalin]] in his later years in power frequently wore a [[military uniform]], and he assumed the title [[Generalissimo of the Soviet Union]]. Likewise, Soviet leader [[Leonid Brezhnev]] was named [[Marshal of the Soviet Union]]. By tradition dating back to the tsars, the Minister of Defense was a uniformed officer,' with military background ([[Dmitry Milyutin]], [[Rodion Malinovsky]]) or without ([[Dmitriy Ustinov]]). The [[State Duma]] also seats a large number of [[member of parliament|deputies]] who are active-duty military officers—another tradition that began in the [[Imperial Russia|Russian imperial era]]. These combinations of military and civilian authority ensure that military concerns are considered at the highest levels of the Russian government.}}

===Russian Federation===
In May 1992, [[President of Russia]] [[Boris Yeltsin]] appointed [[Army General (Soviet Union)|General of the Army]] [[Pavel Grachev]] to the post of Minister of Defence. Grachev's decision to side with Yeltsin in the [[Russian constitutional crisis of 1993]], when the president called up tanks to shell the [[Russian White House]] to blast his opponents out of parliament, effectively deprived the [[Supreme Soviet of Russia]] of its nominal an opportunity to overturn the president's authority. At least partly for that reason, Yeltsin retained his defence minister despite intense criticism of Grachev's management of the [[First Chechen War]] and the Russian military establishment in general. Finally, Yeltsin's victory in the first round of the [[History of post-Soviet Russia#The 1996 presidential election|1996 Russian presidential election]] spurred Yeltsin to dismiss Grachev.

In March 2001, [[Sergei Ivanov]], previously secretary of the [[Security Council of the Russian Federation]] was appointed defence minister by President [[Vladimir Putin]], becoming Russia's first non-uniformed civilian defence minister.<ref>Peter Finn, [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/02/15/AR2007021501526_pf.html Russian Leader Expands Powers of a Possible Successor], [[Washington Post]], 16 February 2007.</ref>
Putin called the personnel changes in Russia's security structures coinciding with Ivanov's appointment as defence minister "a step toward demilitarizing public life." Putin also stressed Ivanov's responsibility for overseeing military reform as defence minister. What Putin did not emphasise was Ivanov's long service within the [[KGB]] and [[Federal Security Service (Russia)|FSB]] and his then rank of General-Lieutenant within the FSB. Such military and security agency associated men are known as [[siloviki]].

As of 2002 there were four living [[Marshal of the Soviet Union|Marshals of the Soviet Union]]. Such men are automatically Advisors to the Defence Minister. The Marshals alive at that time were [[Viktor Kulikov]], [[Vasily Ivanovich Petrov|Vasily Petrov]], [[Sergei Sokolov (Marshal)|Sergei Sokolov]], a former Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union, and [[Dmitri Yazov]]. Yazov was listed by the American analysts Scott and Scott in 2002 as a consultant to the (former 10th) Directorate for International Military Cooperation<ref>Harriet F. Scott and William Scott, Russian Military Directory 2002, p. 341, citing DS2002-0802.</ref>

Perhaps the first 'real' non-uniformed Defence Minister was [[Anatoliy Serdyukov]], appointed in February 2007. Serdyukov was a former Tax Minister with little [[siloviki]] or military associations beyond his two years' military service.

==Structure==
The Ministry of Defence is managed by a collegium chaired by the Defence Minister and including the deputy Defence Ministers, heads of Main Defence Ministry and General Staff Directorates, and the commanders of the Joint Strategic Commands/Military Districts, the three Services, and three branches, who together form the principal staff and advisory board of the Minister of Defence.

The executive body of the Ministry of Defence is the [[General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation]]. It is commanded by the [[Chief of the General Staff (Russia)|Chief of General Staff]]. U.S. expert [[William Odom]] said in 1998 that 'the Soviet General Staff without the MoD is conceivable, but the MoD without the General Staff is not.'<ref>[[William Eldridge Odom]], 'The Collapse of the Soviet Military,' Yale University Press, 1998, {{ISBN|0-300-08271-1}}, p. 27.</ref> Russian General Staff officers exercise command authority in their own right. In 1996 the General Staff included fifteen main directorates and an undetermined number of operating agencies. The staff is organized by functions, with each directorate and operating agency overseeing a functional area, generally indicated by the organization's title.

''Military Thought'' is the military-theoretical journal of the Ministry of Defence, and [[Krasnaya Zvezda]] its daily newspaper.

===Structure 2017===
Senior staff in 2017 included:<ref name="RF MOD">RF MOD website www.mil.ru accessed 17 April 2017.</ref>
* '''Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[General of the Army (Russia)|General of the Army]] [[Sergei Shoigu]] (since 6 November 2012)
* '''Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation / First Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – General of the Army [[Valery Gerasimov]] (since 9 November 2012)
* '''First Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[Ruslan Tsalikov]] (since 24 December 2015)
* '''State Secretary / Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – General of the Army (Ret.) [[Nikolay Pankov]] (since 13 September 2005)
* '''Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – General of the Army [[Dmitry Bulgakov]] (since 2 December 2008)
* '''Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[Tatiana Shevtsova]] (since 4 August 2010)
* '''Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[Yuriy Borisov]] (since 15 November 2012)
* '''Head of the Office of the RF Defence Minister / Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[Colonel General]] [[Yuriy Sadovenko]] (since 7 January 2013)
* '''Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – General of the Army [[Pavel Popov]] (since 7 November 2013)
* '''Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[Timur Ivanov]] (since 23 May 2016)
* '''Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation''' – [[Lieutenant General]] [[Alexander Fomin (general)|Alexander Fomin]] (since 31 January 2017)

<br>
Entities directly subordinated to the Minister of Defence in August 2012 included:<ref name="RF MOD"/>
{{col-begin}}
* MOD Press Service and Information Directorate
* MOD Physical Training Directorate
* MOD Financial Auditing Inspectorate
* MOD [[Main Military Medical Directorate]]
* MOD State Order Placement Department
* MOD Property Relations Department
* Expert Center of the MOD Staff
* MOD Administration Directorate
* MOD State Defence Order Facilitation Department
* MOD Department of the State Customer for Capital Construction
* MOD State Architectural-Construction Oversight Department
* MOD Sanatoria-resort Support Department
* MOD Housekeeping Directorate
{{col-break}}
* MOD State Review/Study Group
* MOD Educational Department
* MOD Legal Department
* MOD Organizational-inspection Department
* MOD Personnel Inspectorate
* MOD Military Inspectorate
* MOD State Technical Oversight Directorate
* MOD Aviation Flight Safety Service
* MOD Nuclear and Radiation Safety Oversight Directorate
* MOD Autotransport Directorate
* MOD Staff Protocol Department
* MOD Armed Force Weapons Turnover Oversight Service
* MOD [[Military Police (Russia)|Main Military Police Directorate]]
{{col-end}}
<br>

===Outline structure 2004===
An outline structure of the Ministry of Defence includes the groupings below, but this structure was in transition when it was recorded in 2004, with several deputy minister posts being abolished:<ref>H.F. Scott & William F. Scott, Russian Military Directory 2004, pp. 61–82, 97–116.</ref>
{{col-begin}}
{{col-break}}
*Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation
*Federal Service for the Defence Order
*Federal Service for Technical and Export Control
*Federal Special Construction Agency of the MOD
*11th Directorate of the MOD (function unclear)
*[[12 Chief Directorate|12th Main Directorate of the MOD]] (nuclear weapons)
*16th Directorate of the MOD
*Hydrometrological Service of the Armed Forces
*Military Inspectorate
*Directorate of Information and Public Relations
*1st Separate Brigade of Protection of the MOD
*Archives of the Armed Forces (see also [[Central Archives of the Russian Ministry of Defence]])
*State Corporation for Air Traffic Control
*Central Theater of the Russian Army
*All-Russian Centre for Retraining Officers
*[[General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation]]
**directorates, departments, etc.
**[[Russian Ground Forces]]
**[[Russian Air Force]]
**[[Russian Navy]]
**[[Strategic Rocket Forces]]
**[[Russian Airborne Troops]]
**[[Russian Aerospace Defence Forces]]
*First Deputy Minister of Defence
**Main Directorate for Combat Training of the Armed Forces
**Directorate of Force Management and Security of Military Service
{{col-break}}
*Army General Nikolay Pankov, State Secretary – Deputy Min. of Defence<ref>[http://www.mil.ru/eng/12005/12062/12082/index.shtml State Secretary, Deputy Minister of Defence], Russian Ministry of Defence, accessed May 2008.</ref>
**Liaison with Political Power Institutions
**[Main] Directorate for Indoctrination [Political Work, Morale]
**[Main] Directorate for International Military Cooperation
**Directorate for Military Education of the Ministry of Defence
**Directorate of Foreign Relations
**Directorate of Force Management & Security of Military Service
**Directorate of Ecology & Special Means of Protection Min Def RF
**Press Service of the Ministry of Defence
**Flight Safety Service of Aviation of the Armed Forces RF
*Deputy Minister of Defence – [[Rear Services of the Armed Forces of Russia|Chief of Rear of the Armed Forces]]
**Military medical, trade, transportation, food, clothing, etc.
*Deputy Minister of Defence – Chief of Armaments of the Armed Forces
**Test ranges, study centres, [[Soviet military academies#Military research institutes|Military research institutes]] etc.
**[[GRAU]]
**[[Main Agency of Automobiles and Tanks of the Ministry of Defense of the Soviet Union|Main Automotive-Armoured Tank Directorate of the MOD]] (GABTU)
**Autobase of Ministry of Defence
**Military Registry
**Federal State Unitary Enterprise [[Rosoboronexport]]
**Military Industrial Council
*Deputy Minister of Defence – Chief of Construction and Billeting Service
**Main Military Construction Directorate
**Main Quarters Exploitation Directorate
**other Directorates, departments etc.
*[[Lyubov Kudelina]], Deputy Minister of Defence for Financial-Economic Work
**Financial-Economic Section of the MOD
**Directorate of Military-Economic Analysis and Expertise
**Financial Inspectorate of the MOD
**Federation of Trade Unions for Civilian Workers of the Armed Forces
*Deputy Minister of Defence – Chief of the Main Department of Cadres [personnel]
**military schools, military academies, etc.
{{col-end}}

== List of Ministers of Defence ==
{{For|military leaders of the Russian Empire|Ministry of War of the Russian Empire|List of heads of the military of Imperial Russia}}
{{For|Ministers of Defence of the Soviet Union, predecessor of modern Russia|Minister of Defence (Soviet Union)}}
Marshal of Aviation [[Yevgeny Shaposhnikov]] was the last [[Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union]]. General Colonel [[Konstantin Kobets]] supported then President of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] [[Boris Yeltsin]] during the [[August coup]] of 1991. From 19 August until 9 September 1991, Konstantin Kobets was Defense Minister of the RSFSR, though there was no ministry.<ref>Vladimir Orlov, Roland Timerbaev,
and Anton Khlopkov, Nuclear Nonproliferation in U.S.-Russian Relations: Challenges and opportunities, PIR Library Series, 2002, p. 24. Accessed at {{cite web|url=http://www.pircenter.org/english/publications/otkh-chap1-3.pdf |title=Archived copy |accessdate=2010-06-07 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727180829/http://www.pircenter.org/english/publications/otkh-chap1-3.pdf |archivedate=2011-07-27 |df= }} 7 June 2010.</ref> This post was then abolished.

The first Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation was Boris Yeltsin, who appointed himself to the position by a decree of mid March 1992.<ref>Odom, 1998, p. 385.</ref>
{{legend|#E6E6AA|Denotes [[acting (law)|acting]] Minister of Defence|border=black}}
{| class="wikitable"
! #
!Picture
!Name
!Military rank
!Took office
!Left office
!President served under
|-
!1
|
|[[Konstantin Kobets]]
|[[Colonel General]]<br/>[[Army General (Soviet Union)|General of the Army]]
|20 August 1991
|9 September 1991
|[[Boris Yeltsin]]
|-
| colspan="7"| <small>Between 9 September 1991 and 7 May 1992 the Russian Federation de jure didn't have its own Minister of Defence. During this period its armed forces were under control of Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union [[Yevgeny Shaposhnikov]].</small>
|- bgcolor=#E6E6AA
!–
|[[File:Yeltsin 1993 cropped.jpg|75px]]
|[[Boris Yeltsin]]
|No military rank
|16 March 1992
|18 May 1992
|Himself
|-
!2
|[[File:Evstafiev-pavel-grachev-1994w.jpg|75px]]
|[[Pavel Grachev]]
|[[Army General (Russia)|General of the Army]]
|18 May 1992
|18 June 1996
| rowspan="3"| Boris Yeltsin
|- bgcolor=#E6E6AA
!–
|
|[[Mikhail Kolesnikov (politician)|Mikhail Kolesnikov]]
|[[Army General (Russia)|General of the Army]]
|18 June 1996
|17 July 1996
|-
!3
|[[File:IN Rodionov 03.jpg|75px]]
|[[Igor Rodionov]]
|[[Colonel General]]<br/>General of the Army<br/>General of the Army in reserve
|17 July 1996
|22 May 1997
|-
!4
|[[File:ID-Sergeyev-01.jpg|75px]]
|[[Igor Sergeyev]]
|[[Marshal of the Russian Federation]]
|22 May 1997
|28 March 2001
|Boris Yeltsin<br/>[[Vladimir Putin]]
|-
!5
|[[File:Sergei Ivanov on Victory Day Parade 9 May 2015.jpg|75px]]
|[[Sergei Ivanov]]
|[[Federal Security Service|FSB]] [[Colonel General]] in reserve
|28 March 2001
|15 February 2007
| Vladimir Putin
|-
!6
|[[File:AE-Serdyukov.jpg|75px]]
|[[Anatoly Serdyukov]]
|No military rank
|15 February 2007
|6 November 2012
|Vladimir Putin<br/>[[Dmitry Medvedev]]<br/>Vladimir Putin
|-
!7
|
[[File:Official portrait of Sergey Shoigu.jpg|75px]]
|[[Sergey Shoygu]]
|[[Army General (Russia)|General of the Army]]
|6 November 2012
|Present
| Vladimir Putin
|-
|}

===Former First Deputy Ministers of Defence===
* Andrei Kokoshin (3 April 1992 – 25 January 1996); (25 January 1996 – 28 August 1997), State Secretary
* [[Pavel Grachev|Pavel Grachyov]] (3 April 1992 – 18 May 1992)
* [[Viktor Dubynin]] (10 June 1992 – 22 November 1992), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
* [[Mikhail Kolesnikov (politician)|Mikhail Kolesnikov]] (23 December 1992 – 18 October 1996), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
* [[Viktor Samsonov]] (18 October 1996 – 22 May 1997), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
* [[Anatoly Kvashnin]] (23 May 1997 – 19 June 1997), Acting Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces; (19 June 1997 – 19 July 2004), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
* Nikolai Mikhailov (11 September 1997 – 28 March 2000), State Secretary
* Vladimir Matyukhin (11 March 2003 – 21 May 2004)
* [[Yuri Baluyevsky|Yury Baluyevsky]] (19 July 2004 – 3 June 2008), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
* Aleksandr Belousov (19 July 2004 – 25 September 2007)
* Aleksandr Kolmakov (25 September 2007 – 21 June 2010)
* [[Nikolay Yegorovich Makarov|Nikolai Makarov]] (3 June 2008 – 9 November 2012), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
* [[Vladimir Popovkin]] (21 June 2010 – 29 April 2011)
* Aleksandr Sukhorukov (1 September 2011 – 9 November 2012)
* [[Arkady Bakhin]] (9 November 2012 – 17 November 2015)

===Former Deputy Ministers of Defence===
* Georgy Kondratyev (10 June 1992 – 9 February 1995)
* Valery Mironov (10 June 1992 – 9 February 1995)
* Vladimir Toporov (10 June 1992 – 28 March 2001)
* [[Boris Gromov]] (24 June 1992 – 16 March 1995)
* [[Konstantin Kobets]] (?? June 1993 – 18 May 1997), Chief Military Inspector of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Matvei Burlakov (23 August 1994 – 9 February 1995)
* Anatoly Solomatin (9 February 1995 – ?? April 1997), Chief of Construction and Quartering of Troops
* Vladimir Churanov (17 January 1995 – 16 June 1997), Chief of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Aleksandr Kosovan (?? April 1997 – 6 March 2003), Chief of Construction and Quartering of Troops
* Vladimir Isakov (30 June 1997 – 2 December 2008), Chief of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Mikhail Dmitriyev (13 November 2000 – 8 April 2004)
* Aleksei Moskovsky (28 March 2001 – 19 April 2007), Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Igor Puzanov (28 March 2001 – 18 October 2004), State Secretary
* Lyubov Kudelina (28 March 2001 – 18 October 2004), Chief of the Main Financial-Economic Administration of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation for Financial-Economic Work; (1 September 2007 – 14 April 2009), Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation for Financial-Economic Work
* [[Nikolai Kormiltsev]] (28 April 2001 – 29 September 2004), Commander-in-chief of the Land Force
* Anatoly Grebenyuk (4 March 2003 – 18 October 2004), Chief of Construction and Quartering of Troops
* [[Nikolay Yegorovich Makarov|Nikolai Makarov]] (19 April 2007 – 3 June 2008), Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Oleg Eskin (19 November 2007 – 20 November 2008)
* [[Vladimir Popovkin]] (?? July 2008 – 21 June 2010), Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Vladimir Filippov (17 September 2008 – 12 January 2010) , Chief of Quartering and Accommodation
* Dmitry Chushkin (20 November 2008 – 15 November 2012)
* Dmitry Bulgakov (2 December 2008 – 27 July 2010), Chief of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
* Vera Chistova (14 April 2009 – 4 November 2010), Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation for Financial-Economic Work
* Grigory Naginsky (12 January 2010 – 6 July 2010), Chief of Quartering and Accommodation; (6 July 2010 – 22 April 2011)
* [[Mikhail Mokretsov]] (27 July 2010 – 5 July 2011), Chief of Staff of the Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation; (5 July 2011 – 10 December 2011)
* Yelena Kozlova (25 June 2012 – 15 November 2012)
* [[Oleg Ostapenko]] (9 November 2012 – 9 October 2013)
* [[Ruslan Tsalikov]] (15 November 2012 – 24 December 2015)
* [[Alexey Dyumin|Aleksei Dyumin]] (24 December 2015 – 2 February 2016)
* [[Anatoly Antonov]] (2 February 2011 – 29 December 2016)

==See also==
*[[Awards and Emblems of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Ministry of Defence of Russia}}
* {{Official website}} {{ru icon}} {{en icon}}

{{Executive Authorities of Russia}}
{{Armed Forces of the Russian Federation}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ministry Of Defence (Russia)}}
[[Category:Russian Ministry of Defence| ]]
[[Category:Federal Ministries of Russia|Defence]]
[[Category:Lists of political office-holders in Russia|Defence Minister]]
[[Category:Defence ministries|Russia]]
[[Category:Military of Russia|Defence, Ministry of]]
[[Category:Russia-related lists|Defence, Ministry of]]
[[Category:Ministries established in 1717|Defence, Ministry of]]
[[Category:Russian and Soviet military-related lists]]
[[Category:1717 establishments in Russia]]

Revision as of 07:39, 21 September 2017

Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation
Министерство обороны Российской Федерации
Ministry emblem
Official flag

A building of the ministry in Khamovniki District
Agency overview
Formed1717 as College of War
Preceding agencies
  • Ministry of Defence of the Soviet Union (1946–1991)
  • People's Commissariat of Defence of the Soviet Union (1934–1946)
  • Ministry of War of the Russian Empire (1802–1917)
  • College of War (1717–1802)
JurisdictionPresident of Russia
HeadquartersZnamenka 19, Moscow, Russia[1]
55°44′56″N 37°36′8″E / 55.74889°N 37.60222°E / 55.74889; 37.60222
Annual budgetUS$ 69.3 billion (2014)
Minister responsible
Child agency
  • Federal Service for Military-Technical Cooperation
    Federal Service for Technical and Export Control
    Federal Service for Defence Contracts
    Federal Agency for Special Construction
    Federal Agency for the supply of arms, military and special equipment and material supplies
Websitewww.mil.ru

The Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство обороны Российской Федерации, Минобороны России, informally abbreviated as МО or МО РФ) exercises administrative and operational leadership of the Russian Armed Forces.

The Russian Minister of Defence is the nominal head of all the Armed Forces, serving under the president of Russia, who is the Supreme Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. In this capacity, the minister exercises day-to-day administrative and operational authority over the armed forces. The General Staff, the executive body of the Ministry of Defence, implements the defence minister's operational instructions and orders. The State Duma exercises legislative authority over the Ministry of Defence through the Government of Russia, which is nominally responsible for maintaining the armed forces at the appropriate level of readiness.

The main ministry building, built in the 1980s, is located on Arbatskaya Square, near Arbat Street. Other buildings of the ministry are located throughout the city of Moscow. The high supreme body that responsible for the Ministry's management and supervision of the Armed Forces is The National Defense Management Center (Национальный центр управления обороной РФ) which located in Frunze Naberezhnaya and responsible for centralization of the Armed Forces' command.

The current Russian minister of Defence is Sergey Shoygu.

History

Russian Armed Forces
Staff
Services (vid)
Independent troops (rod)
Special operations force (sof)
Other troops
Military districts
History of the Russian military
Lobanov-Rostovsky Palace, Former Defense Ministry building.

The authors of the U.S. Library of Congress Country Studies' volume for Russia said in July 1996 that:

The structure of the Russian Defense Ministry does not imply military subordination to civilian authority in the Western sense.[2] The historical tradition of military command is considerably different in Russia. The tsars were educated as officers, and they regularly wore military uniforms and held military rank. Josef Stalin in his later years in power frequently wore a military uniform, and he assumed the title Generalissimo of the Soviet Union. Likewise, Soviet leader Leonid Brezhnev was named Marshal of the Soviet Union. By tradition dating back to the tsars, the Minister of Defense was a uniformed officer,' with military background (Dmitry Milyutin, Rodion Malinovsky) or without (Dmitriy Ustinov). The State Duma also seats a large number of deputies who are active-duty military officers—another tradition that began in the Russian imperial era. These combinations of military and civilian authority ensure that military concerns are considered at the highest levels of the Russian government.

Russian Federation

In May 1992, President of Russia Boris Yeltsin appointed General of the Army Pavel Grachev to the post of Minister of Defence. Grachev's decision to side with Yeltsin in the Russian constitutional crisis of 1993, when the president called up tanks to shell the Russian White House to blast his opponents out of parliament, effectively deprived the Supreme Soviet of Russia of its nominal an opportunity to overturn the president's authority. At least partly for that reason, Yeltsin retained his defence minister despite intense criticism of Grachev's management of the First Chechen War and the Russian military establishment in general. Finally, Yeltsin's victory in the first round of the 1996 Russian presidential election spurred Yeltsin to dismiss Grachev.

In March 2001, Sergei Ivanov, previously secretary of the Security Council of the Russian Federation was appointed defence minister by President Vladimir Putin, becoming Russia's first non-uniformed civilian defence minister.[3] Putin called the personnel changes in Russia's security structures coinciding with Ivanov's appointment as defence minister "a step toward demilitarizing public life." Putin also stressed Ivanov's responsibility for overseeing military reform as defence minister. What Putin did not emphasise was Ivanov's long service within the KGB and FSB and his then rank of General-Lieutenant within the FSB. Such military and security agency associated men are known as siloviki.

As of 2002 there were four living Marshals of the Soviet Union. Such men are automatically Advisors to the Defence Minister. The Marshals alive at that time were Viktor Kulikov, Vasily Petrov, Sergei Sokolov, a former Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union, and Dmitri Yazov. Yazov was listed by the American analysts Scott and Scott in 2002 as a consultant to the (former 10th) Directorate for International Military Cooperation[4]

Perhaps the first 'real' non-uniformed Defence Minister was Anatoliy Serdyukov, appointed in February 2007. Serdyukov was a former Tax Minister with little siloviki or military associations beyond his two years' military service.

Structure

The Ministry of Defence is managed by a collegium chaired by the Defence Minister and including the deputy Defence Ministers, heads of Main Defence Ministry and General Staff Directorates, and the commanders of the Joint Strategic Commands/Military Districts, the three Services, and three branches, who together form the principal staff and advisory board of the Minister of Defence.

The executive body of the Ministry of Defence is the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. It is commanded by the Chief of General Staff. U.S. expert William Odom said in 1998 that 'the Soviet General Staff without the MoD is conceivable, but the MoD without the General Staff is not.'[5] Russian General Staff officers exercise command authority in their own right. In 1996 the General Staff included fifteen main directorates and an undetermined number of operating agencies. The staff is organized by functions, with each directorate and operating agency overseeing a functional area, generally indicated by the organization's title.

Military Thought is the military-theoretical journal of the Ministry of Defence, and Krasnaya Zvezda its daily newspaper.

Structure 2017

Senior staff in 2017 included:[6]

  • Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – General of the Army Sergei Shoigu (since 6 November 2012)
  • Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation / First Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – General of the Army Valery Gerasimov (since 9 November 2012)
  • First Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – Ruslan Tsalikov (since 24 December 2015)
  • State Secretary / Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – General of the Army (Ret.) Nikolay Pankov (since 13 September 2005)
  • Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – General of the Army Dmitry Bulgakov (since 2 December 2008)
  • Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – Tatiana Shevtsova (since 4 August 2010)
  • Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – Yuriy Borisov (since 15 November 2012)
  • Head of the Office of the RF Defence Minister / Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – Colonel General Yuriy Sadovenko (since 7 January 2013)
  • Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – General of the Army Pavel Popov (since 7 November 2013)
  • Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – Timur Ivanov (since 23 May 2016)
  • Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation – Lieutenant General Alexander Fomin (since 31 January 2017)


Entities directly subordinated to the Minister of Defence in August 2012 included:[6]

  • MOD Press Service and Information Directorate
  • MOD Physical Training Directorate
  • MOD Financial Auditing Inspectorate
  • MOD Main Military Medical Directorate
  • MOD State Order Placement Department
  • MOD Property Relations Department
  • Expert Center of the MOD Staff
  • MOD Administration Directorate
  • MOD State Defence Order Facilitation Department
  • MOD Department of the State Customer for Capital Construction
  • MOD State Architectural-Construction Oversight Department
  • MOD Sanatoria-resort Support Department
  • MOD Housekeeping Directorate


Outline structure 2004

An outline structure of the Ministry of Defence includes the groupings below, but this structure was in transition when it was recorded in 2004, with several deputy minister posts being abolished:[7]

List of Ministers of Defence

For military leaders of the Russian Empire, see Ministry of War of the Russian Empire and List of heads of the military of Imperial Russia.
For Ministers of Defence of the Soviet Union, predecessor of modern Russia, see Minister of Defence (Soviet Union).

Marshal of Aviation Yevgeny Shaposhnikov was the last Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union. General Colonel Konstantin Kobets supported then President of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic Boris Yeltsin during the August coup of 1991. From 19 August until 9 September 1991, Konstantin Kobets was Defense Minister of the RSFSR, though there was no ministry.[9] This post was then abolished.

The first Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation was Boris Yeltsin, who appointed himself to the position by a decree of mid March 1992.[10]

  Denotes acting Minister of Defence
# Picture Name Military rank Took office Left office President served under
1 Konstantin Kobets Colonel General
General of the Army 		20 August 1991 9 September 1991 Boris Yeltsin
Between 9 September 1991 and 7 May 1992 the Russian Federation de jure didn't have its own Minister of Defence. During this period its armed forces were under control of Minister of Defence of the Soviet Union Yevgeny Shaposhnikov.
– Boris Yeltsin No military rank 16 March 1992 18 May 1992 Himself
2 Pavel Grachev General of the Army 18 May 1992 18 June 1996 Boris Yeltsin
– Mikhail Kolesnikov General of the Army 18 June 1996 17 July 1996
3 Igor Rodionov Colonel General
General of the Army
General of the Army in reserve 		17 July 1996 22 May 1997
4 Igor Sergeyev Marshal of the Russian Federation 22 May 1997 28 March 2001 Boris Yeltsin
Vladimir Putin
5 Sergei Ivanov FSB Colonel General in reserve 28 March 2001 15 February 2007 Vladimir Putin
6 Anatoly Serdyukov No military rank 15 February 2007 6 November 2012 Vladimir Putin
Dmitry Medvedev
Vladimir Putin
7

Sergey Shoygu General of the Army 6 November 2012 Present Vladimir Putin

Former First Deputy Ministers of Defence

  • Andrei Kokoshin (3 April 1992 – 25 January 1996); (25 January 1996 – 28 August 1997), State Secretary
  • Pavel Grachyov (3 April 1992 – 18 May 1992)
  • Viktor Dubynin (10 June 1992 – 22 November 1992), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
  • Mikhail Kolesnikov (23 December 1992 – 18 October 1996), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
  • Viktor Samsonov (18 October 1996 – 22 May 1997), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
  • Anatoly Kvashnin (23 May 1997 – 19 June 1997), Acting Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces; (19 June 1997 – 19 July 2004), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
  • Nikolai Mikhailov (11 September 1997 – 28 March 2000), State Secretary
  • Vladimir Matyukhin (11 March 2003 – 21 May 2004)
  • Yury Baluyevsky (19 July 2004 – 3 June 2008), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
  • Aleksandr Belousov (19 July 2004 – 25 September 2007)
  • Aleksandr Kolmakov (25 September 2007 – 21 June 2010)
  • Nikolai Makarov (3 June 2008 – 9 November 2012), Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces
  • Vladimir Popovkin (21 June 2010 – 29 April 2011)
  • Aleksandr Sukhorukov (1 September 2011 – 9 November 2012)
  • Arkady Bakhin (9 November 2012 – 17 November 2015)

Former Deputy Ministers of Defence

  • Georgy Kondratyev (10 June 1992 – 9 February 1995)
  • Valery Mironov (10 June 1992 – 9 February 1995)
  • Vladimir Toporov (10 June 1992 – 28 March 2001)
  • Boris Gromov (24 June 1992 – 16 March 1995)
  • Konstantin Kobets (?? June 1993 – 18 May 1997), Chief Military Inspector of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Matvei Burlakov (23 August 1994 – 9 February 1995)
  • Anatoly Solomatin (9 February 1995 – ?? April 1997), Chief of Construction and Quartering of Troops
  • Vladimir Churanov (17 January 1995 – 16 June 1997), Chief of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Aleksandr Kosovan (?? April 1997 – 6 March 2003), Chief of Construction and Quartering of Troops
  • Vladimir Isakov (30 June 1997 – 2 December 2008), Chief of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Mikhail Dmitriyev (13 November 2000 – 8 April 2004)
  • Aleksei Moskovsky (28 March 2001 – 19 April 2007), Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Igor Puzanov (28 March 2001 – 18 October 2004), State Secretary
  • Lyubov Kudelina (28 March 2001 – 18 October 2004), Chief of the Main Financial-Economic Administration of the Ministry of Defence of the Russian Federation and Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation for Financial-Economic Work; (1 September 2007 – 14 April 2009), Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation for Financial-Economic Work
  • Nikolai Kormiltsev (28 April 2001 – 29 September 2004), Commander-in-chief of the Land Force
  • Anatoly Grebenyuk (4 March 2003 – 18 October 2004), Chief of Construction and Quartering of Troops
  • Nikolai Makarov (19 April 2007 – 3 June 2008), Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Oleg Eskin (19 November 2007 – 20 November 2008)
  • Vladimir Popovkin (?? July 2008 – 21 June 2010), Chief of Armament of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Vladimir Filippov (17 September 2008 – 12 January 2010) , Chief of Quartering and Accommodation
  • Dmitry Chushkin (20 November 2008 – 15 November 2012)
  • Dmitry Bulgakov (2 December 2008 – 27 July 2010), Chief of Logistics of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation
  • Vera Chistova (14 April 2009 – 4 November 2010), Deputy Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation for Financial-Economic Work
  • Grigory Naginsky (12 January 2010 – 6 July 2010), Chief of Quartering and Accommodation; (6 July 2010 – 22 April 2011)
  • Mikhail Mokretsov (27 July 2010 – 5 July 2011), Chief of Staff of the Minister of Defence of the Russian Federation; (5 July 2011 – 10 December 2011)
  • Yelena Kozlova (25 June 2012 – 15 November 2012)
  • Oleg Ostapenko (9 November 2012 – 9 October 2013)
  • Ruslan Tsalikov (15 November 2012 – 24 December 2015)
  • Aleksei Dyumin (24 December 2015 – 2 February 2016)
  • Anatoly Antonov (2 February 2011 – 29 December 2016)

See also

References

  1. ^ RF MOS website www.mil.ru accessed 9 August 2012.
  2. ^ Library of Congress Country Studies Russia, Command Structure
  3. ^ Peter Finn, Russian Leader Expands Powers of a Possible Successor, Washington Post, 16 February 2007.
  4. ^ Harriet F. Scott and William Scott, Russian Military Directory 2002, p. 341, citing DS2002-0802.
  5. ^ William Eldridge Odom, 'The Collapse of the Soviet Military,' Yale University Press, 1998, ISBN 0-300-08271-1, p. 27.
  6. ^ a b RF MOD website www.mil.ru accessed 17 April 2017.
  7. ^ H.F. Scott & William F. Scott, Russian Military Directory 2004, pp. 61–82, 97–116.
  8. ^ State Secretary, Deputy Minister of Defence, Russian Ministry of Defence, accessed May 2008.
  9. ^ Vladimir Orlov, Roland Timerbaev, and Anton Khlopkov, Nuclear Nonproliferation in U.S.-Russian Relations: Challenges and opportunities, PIR Library Series, 2002, p. 24. Accessed at "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-27. Retrieved 2010-06-07. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) 7 June 2010.
  10. ^ Odom, 1998, p. 385.

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