Shenyang WS-10: Difference between revisions
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* '''QD70''' – 7MW class [[gas turbine]] engine developed from WS-10 for industrial & naval applications<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cn1n.com/sci/air/20171018/2210189348.htm |title=涡轴-16发动机与法国合作用于武直10,QD70燃气轮机技术优势明显 |website=cn1n.com |date=18 October 2017|accessdate=2019-07-03|language=zh}}</ref> |
* '''QD70''' – 7MW class [[gas turbine]] engine developed from WS-10 for industrial & naval applications<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cn1n.com/sci/air/20171018/2210189348.htm |title=涡轴-16发动机与法国合作用于武直10,QD70燃气轮机技术优势明显 |website=cn1n.com |date=18 October 2017|accessdate=2019-07-03|language=zh}}</ref> |
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==Applications== |
==Major Applications== |
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;WS-10 |
;WS-10 |
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*[[Shenyang J-8]]II (test)<ref name="fisher_2015-05-27"/> |
*[[Shenyang J-8]]II (test)<ref name="fisher_2015-05-27"/> |
Revision as of 04:25, 26 September 2020
This article needs additional citations for verification. (April 2010) |
WS-10 | |
---|---|
Type | Turbofan |
National origin | People's Republic of China |
Manufacturer | Shenyang Liming Aircraft Engine Company |
Designer | Shenyang Aeroengine Research Institute |
First run | 1990s |
Major applications | Chengdu J-10C Shenyang J-11B Shenyang J-15 Shenyang J-16 |
Status | In production[1] |
Number built | 300+ as of May 2015[update] [1] |
Developed from | CFM International CFM56/General Electric F101 |
Developed into | Shenyang WS-20 |
The Shenyang WS-10 (Chinese: 涡扇-10; pinyin: Wōshàn-10; lit. 'turbofan-10'), codename Taihang, is a turbofan engine designed and built by the People's Republic of China.
Chinese media reported 266 engines were manufactured from 2010 to 2012 for the J-11 program.[2] Unofficial estimates placed production at more than 300 units by May 2015.[1]
Description
The WS-10A is advertised as 120–140 kilonewtons (27,000–31,000 lbf) thrust engine.[1] It has full authority digital engine control (FADEC).[3]
Development
The WS-10 is derived from the CFM56 with the experience gained from the Woshan WS-6 turbofan project, which was abandoned at the start of the 1980s.[4] The WS-10 project was reportedly started by Deng Xiaoping in 1986 to produce an engine comparable to the Saturn AL-31. The work was given to the Shenyang Aeroengine Research Institute (606 Institute) of the Aviation Industry Corporation of China (AVIC).[3] The WS-10 may have been based on the core of the CFM-56II (itself based on the General Electric F101); China purchased two CFM-56IIs in the 1980s before the arms embargo.[5] After being unable to purchase source code from Salyut, China spent nearly 20 years developing its own source code for the WS-10 engine.[1]
The WS-10A, targeted for 130 kilonewtons (29,000 lbf) of thrust,[3] was already in development in 2002.[6] An early version flew on an J-8II in 2002.[1] In 2004, Russian sources familiar with project reported problems meeting the thrust target;[7] in 2005, they reported problems reducing the weight of the primary and secondary compressors, in addition to problems meeting thrust requirements.[8] Engine testing on the J-11 had already started by 2004,[7] and testing using one engine on the J-11 may have occurred as early as 2002.[6]
A full-scale WS-10A engine was first seen at the 2008 China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition.[3]
In 2009, Western media claim that the WS-10A approached the performance of the AL-31, but took much longer than the AL-31 to develop thrust.[9] Furthermore, the engine reportedly only generated 110–125 kilonewtons (25,000–28,000 lbf) of thrust.[3] In April 2009, Lin Zuoming, head of AVIC, reported that the engine's quality was unsatisfactory.[10] In 2010, it was reported that reliability was also poor; the WS-10A lasted only 30 hours, while the AL-31 needed refurbishing after 400 hours.[11] The quality problems encountered with the WS-10A reflected the state of the Chinese aerospace industry. AVIC initiated a general effort to improve quality control throughout its production chain in 2011.[12]
The WS-10A reportedly matured enough after 2009 to power the J-11B Block 02 aircraft.[13] Production or performance issues may have prevented the WS-10A from powering the J-10B.[14] In 2018, Chinese state media reported an increase in engine lifespan from 800 to 1,500 hours due to the increased heat resistance of new third-generation single-crystal turbine blades.[15]
In March 2020, Chinese state media released a video showing a WS-10B-powered J-10C; aircraft markings suggest it was part of the fourth batch of J-10Cs for the PLAAF.[16]
WS-20 (WS-188)
The Shenyang WS-20 (WS-188)[17] is a high-bypass engine[14] reportedly producing 13.8 tons of thrust.[18] It is believed to be based on the core of the WS-10A.[3][19]
The Shenyang WS-20 was first seen in January 2014 while being tested on an Il-76,[17] and is believed to be intended for the Y-20 strategic airlifter.[18]
Thrust vectoring
A testbed J-10B powered by a WS-10 with thrust vectoring (TVC) - called "WS-10B-3" by Jamie Hunter - was demonstrated at the 2018 China International Aviation & Aerospace Exhibition.[20] The TVC nozzle uses actuator-assisted moving petals, similar in concept to General Electric's axisymmetric vectoring exhaust nozzle (AVEN) and Pratt & Whitney's pitch-yaw balance beam nozzle (PYBBN).[21]
Variants
- WS-10 - base variant
- WS-10A – improved variant; advertised to have 120–140 kilonewtons (27,000–31,000 lbf) of thrust[1]
- WS-10B – improved variant with greater reliability and thrust; based on the WS-10A[22]
- WS-10B-3 – TVC variant[20]
- WS-10C – variant with stealthier sawtooth exhaust feathers[20]
- WS-10G – thrust vectoring variant[23] generating 152–155 kilonewtons (34,000–35,000 lbf) of thrust during testing[3]; intended for the Chengdu J-20[23]
- WS-20 – high-bypass derivative for the Y-20 transport; 138 kilonewtons (31,000 lbf) of thrust[18]
- QD70 – 7MW class gas turbine engine developed from WS-10 for industrial & naval applications[24]
Major Applications
- WS-10
- Shenyang J-8II (test)[1]
- WS-10A
- WS-10B
- Chengdu J-10C [16]
- Chengdu J-20 (low rate initial production aircraft)[26]
- WS-10B-3
- Chengdu J-10B (test)[20]
Specifications (WS-10A)
Data from All-Aero,[27]
General characteristics
- Type: Two-shaft afterburning turbofan
- Length: 5,010 mm (197 in)
- Diameter:
- 950 mm (37 in) inlet;
- Dry weight: 1,600 kg (3,500 lb)
Components
- Compressor: 3 fan and 9 HP compressor stages
- Combustors: Annular
- Turbine: 2 single-staged turbines
Performance
- Maximum thrust:
- 132 kN (30,000 lbf) with afterburner
- Overall pressure ratio: 25:1
- Bypass ratio: 0.7:1
- Turbine inlet temperature: 1,750 K (2,690 °F; 1,480 °C)
- Specific fuel consumption:
- Thrust-to-weight ratio: 7.5 (afterburning)
See also
Comparable engines
Related development
Related lists
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Fisher, Richard (27 May 2015). "ANALYSIS: Can China break the military aircraft engine bottleneck?". FlightGlobal. Archived from the original on 10 June 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
- ^ "美称中国近三年内共生产约266台太行发动机". mil.news.sina.com.cn (in Chinese). 20 December 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g Fisher, Richard, Jr. (30 December 2009). "October Surprises In Chinese Aerospace". International Assessment and Strategy Center. Archived from the original on 13 August 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "LM WS10A Tai Hang (China), Aero-engines - Turbofan". janes.com. Jane's Information Group. 26 January 2010. Archived from the original on 18 February 2010. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ "Liming WS10A Taihang Engine". GlobalSecurity.org. 28 September 2014. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ a b Fisher, Richard D., Jr. (7 October 2003). "New Developments in Russia-China Military Relations: A Report on the August 19-23 2003 Moscow Aerospace Salon (MAKS)". United States-China Economic and Security Review Commission. Archived from the original on 12 January 2005. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b Fisher, Richard, Jr. (13 December 2004). "Report on the 5th Airshow China: Zhuhai, PRC, November 1-7, 2004". International Assessment and Strategy Center. Archived from the original on 26 April 2005. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Fisher, Richard, Jr. (12 September 2005). "Chinese Dimensions of the 2005 Moscow Aerospace Show". International Assessment and Strategy Center. Archived from the original on 19 June 2015. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Saunders et al., p. 37
- ^ Saunders et al., p. 44
- ^ Pomfret, John (25 December 2010). "Military strength is eluding China". The Washington Post. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ Collins, Gabe; Erickson, Andrew (26 June 2011). "Jet Engine Development in China: Indigenous high-performance turbofans are a final step toward fully independent fighter production". China SignPost. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ Rupprecht, Andreas (December 2011). "China's 'Flanker' gains momentum. Shenyang J-11 update". Combat Aircraft Monthly. Vol. 12, no. 12. pp. 40–42.
- ^ a b c Fisher, Richard D. Jr. (12 January 2015). "Images suggest J-10Bs close to entering Chinese service". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 13 January 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ Chan, Minnie (7 September 2018). "Engine boost for China's J-15 fighter jets as Beijing tries to build up navy". South China Morning Post. South China Morning Post. Retrieved 26 June 2020.
- ^ a b Ju, Juan (5 March 2020). "Images suggest China has begun fitting indigenous WS10 engine into J-10C fighters". Janes. Retrieved 20 September 2020.
- ^ a b Donald, David (10 January 2014). "China Flies First Large Turbofan". AINonline.com. Aviation International News. Retrieved 1 October 2015.
- ^ a b c Fisher, Richard D. Jr. (4 September 2014). "China's Y-20 'enters second phase of testing'". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 5 September 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ Lin, Jeffrey; Singer, P.W. (20 February 2015). "China's most powerful aircraft engine ever takes to the sky: Presenting the WS-20". Popular Science. Retrieved 25 May 2015.
- ^ a b c d Hunter, Jamie (20 July 2020). "China's Enhanced J-20B Stealth Fighter May Arrive Soon, Here's What It Could Include". The Drive. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- ^ Tate, Andrew (5 January 2018). "Image suggests China may be testing thrust-vectoring engine on J-10 fighter". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 11 November 2018. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ Chan, Minnie (10 February 2018). "Why China's first stealth fighter was rushed into service with inferior engines". South China Morning Post. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ a b Saunders et al., p. 45
- ^ "涡轴-16发动机与法国合作用于武直10,QD70燃气轮机技术优势明显". cn1n.com (in Chinese). 18 October 2017. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ Fisher, Richard D. Jr. (26 August 2014). "Chinese J-11BH 'aggressive' with USN P-8A, says DoD". Jane's Defence Weekly. Archived from the original on 27 August 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
- ^ Kucinski, William (7 November 2018). "J-10B fighter aircraft debuts Chinese thrust vectoring technology". Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- ^ http://www.all-aero.com/index.php/contactus/64-engines-power/13531-shenyang-ws-10#:~:text=The%20original%20WS%2D10%20was,used%20to%20power%20an%20aircraft.&text=WS%2D10A%20is%20reported%20to,to%20the%20AL%2D31F%20turbofan.
- Bibliography
- Saunders, Phillip C.; Wiseman, Joshua K. (December 2011). "Buy, Build, or Steal: China's Quest for Advanced Military Aviation Technologies" (PDF). Chinese Strategic Perspectives (4). Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University. Retrieved 25 May 2015.