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List of nearest stars

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Rotating 3D image of the nearest stars
Animated 3D map of the nearest stars, centered on the Sun. 3D red green glasses are recommended to view this image correctly.
Distance and angle conformal map of the celestial neighbourhood within 12 light years of Sol.

This list covers all known stars and brown dwarfs (incl. sub-brown dwarfs) within 5.0 parsecs (16.3 light-years) of the Solar System. So far 76 such objects have been found, of which only nine are bright enough in visible light to reach or exceed the dimmest brightness to be visible to the naked eye from Earth, 6.5 apparent magnitude.[1] The stars and (sub-) brown dwarfs are currently moving through or with interstellar clouds like the Local Interstellar Cloud and the G-Cloud, all of which are, along with the nearest and unaided-visible moving group of Ursa Major or the closest visible star cluster the Hyades, within the Local Bubble. In the galactic context the Local Bubble is a small part, unlike the wider Radcliffe Wave and Split linear structures (formerly Gould Belt),[2] of the Orion Arm, which contains most unaided visible stars.

The currently known 76 objects are bound in 54 stellar systems. The closest system is Alpha Centauri, with Proxima Centauri as the closest system star at 4.25 light-years from Earth. The brightest among these systems, as well as the brightest in Earth's night sky, is Sirius. Of the population of currently known objects 62 are main sequence stars, with 51 being red dwarfs and the remaining 13 having greater mass. Additionally astronomers have found four white dwarfs (extremely dense collapsed cores that remain after stars such as our Sun have exhausted all fusable hydrogen in their core and have shed slowly their outer layers), as well as 9 brown dwarfs and the closest and only sub-brown dwarf WISE 0855−0714 (an object of planetary mass, not quite massive enough to fuse hydrogen, therefore also the nearest known rogue planet).

Based on results from the Gaia telescope's second data release from April 2018, an estimated 694 stars will possibly approach the Solar System to less than 5 parsecs in the next 15 million years. Of these, 26 have a good probability to come within 1.0 parsec (3.3 light-years) and another 7 within 0.5 parsecs (1.6 light-years).[3] This number is likely much higher, due to the sheer number of stars needed to be surveyed; a star approaching the Solar System 10 million years ago, moving at a typical Sun-relative 20–200 kilometers per second, would be 600–6,000 light-years from the Sun at present day, with millions of stars closer to the Sun. The closest encounter to the Sun so far predicted is the low-mass orange dwarf star Gliese 710 / HIP 89825 with roughly 60% the mass of the Sun.[4] It is currently predicted to pass 19,300 ± 3,200 astronomical units (0.305 ± 0.051 light-years) from the Sun in 1.280+0.041
−0.039 million years from the present, close enough to significantly disturb the Solar System's Oort cloud.[3][4]

The easiest way to determine stellar distance to the Sun for objects at these distances is parallax, which measures how much stars appear to move against background objects over the course of Earth's orbit around the Sun. As a parsec (parallax-second) is defined by the distance of an object that would appear to move exactly one second of arc against background objects, stars less than 5 parsecs away will have measured parallaxes of over 0.2 arcseconds, or 200 milliarcseconds. Determining past and future positions relies on accurate astrometric measurements of their parallax and total proper motions (how far they move across the sky due to their actual velocity relative to the Sun), along with spectroscopically determined radial velocities (their speed directly towards or away from us, which combined with proper motion defines their true movement through the sky relative to the Sun). Both of these measurements are subject to increasing and significant errors over very long time spans, especially over the several thousand-year time spans it takes for stars to noticeably move relative to each other.[5]

List

Key
# Visible to the unaided eye
$ Bright star (absolute magnitude of +8.5 or brighter)
‡ White dwarf
§ Brown dwarf or sub-brown dwarf
* Nearest in constellation

The classes of the stars and brown dwarfs are shown in the color of their spectral types (these colors are derived from conventional names for the spectral types and do not represent the star's observed color). Many brown dwarfs are not listed by visual magnitude but are listed by near-infrared J band apparent magnitude due to how dim (and often invisible) they are in visible color bands (U, B or V). Absolute magnitude (with electromagnetic wave, 'light' band denoted in subscript) is a measurement at a 10-parsec distance across imaginary empty space devoid of all its sparse dust and gas. Some of the parallaxes and resultant distances are rough measurements.[6]

Known star systems within 5.0 parsecs (16.3 light-years)
Designation Distance[7]
(light-years (±err))→→ 		Constellation Coordinates:
RA, Dec
(Ep J2000, Eq J2000)[6] 		Stellar
class 		Mass Magnitude (mV[6] or mJ) Parallax
(mas (±err))
[6][note 1] 		Notes and additional
references
System Star or (sub-) brown dwarf M☉ Apparent Absolute
Solar System Sun (Sol)$ 0.0000158 N/A N/A G2V[6] 1 −26.74# 4.85 N/A eight known planets
Alpha Centauri C (Proxima Centauri, V645 Centauri) 4.2465±0.0003 Centaurus* 14h 29m 43.0s
−62° 40′ 46″ 		M5.5Ve 0.122 11.09 15.53 768.0665±0.0499[8] flare star, three confirmed planets (b, 2016, c, 2019,[9] d, 2020).[10][11]
A (Rigil Kentaurus)$ 4.3441±0.0022 14h 39m 36.5s
−60° 50′ 02″ 		G2V[6] 1.079 0.01# 4.38 750.81±0.38[12] one directly-imaged habitable-zone planet candidate (Candidate 1) (2021)
B (Toliman)$ 14h 39m 35.1s
−60° 50′ 14″ 		K1V[6] 0.909 1.34# 5.71 one suspected planet (c) (2013)
(planet b refuted in 2015)
Barnard's Star (BD+04°3561a) 5.9629±0.0004 Ophiuchus* 17h 57m 48.5s
+04° 41′ 36″ 		M4.0Ve 0.144 9.53 13.22 546.9759±0.0401[8] flare star, largest-known proper motion,[13] one disputed planet (b)[14][15]
Luhman 16
(WISE 1049−5319) 		A§ 6.5029±0.0011 Carina* 10h 49m 18.9s
−53° 19′ 10″ 		L8±1[16] 0.032 10.7 J 14.2 J 501.557±0.082[17] one refuted planet (Ab[18] in 2017[19])
B§ T1±2[16] 0.027
WISE 0855−0714§ 7.430±0.041 Hydra* 08h 55m 10.8s
−07° 14′ 43″ 		Y4 0.003-0.010 25.0 J 439.0±2.4[20] sub-brown dwarf
Wolf 359 (CN Leonis) 7.8558±0.0013 Leo* 10h 56m 29.2s
+07° 00′ 53″ 		M6.0V[6] 0.090 13.44 16.55 415.1794±0.0684[8] flare star, has 2 known planets[14]
Lalande 21185 (BD+36°2147) 8.3044±0.0007 Ursa Major* 11h 03m 20.2s
+35° 58′ 12″ 		M2.0V[6] 0.390 7.47 10.44 392.7529±0.0321[8] two known planets (2019)(2021)[14]
Alpha Canis Majoris A (Sirius)$ 8.7094±0.0054 Canis Major* 06h 45m 08.9s
−16° 42′ 58″ 		A1V[6] 2.063 −1.46# 1.42 374.4896±0.2313[8] brightest star in the night sky
B‡ DA2[6] 1.018 8.44 11.34
Luyten 726-8 A (BL Ceti) 8.724±0.012 Cetus* 01h 39m 01.3s
−17° 57′ 01″ 		M5.5Ve 0.102 12.54 15.40 373.8443±0.5009[8] flare star (Archetypal member)
B (UV Ceti) M6.0Ve 0.100 12.99 15.85
Ross 154 (V1216 Sagittarii) 9.7063±0.0009 Sagittarius* 18h 49m 49.4s
−23° 50′ 10″ 		M3.5Ve 0.17 10.43 13.07 336.0266±0.0317[8] flare star
Ross 248 (HH Andromedae) 10.3057±0.0014 Andromeda* 23h 41m 54.7s
+44° 10′ 30″ 		M5.5Ve 0.136 12.29 14.79 316.4812±0.0444[8] flare star
Epsilon Eridani (Ran)$ 10.4749±0.0037 Eridanus* 03h 32m 55.8s
−09° 27′ 30″ 		K2V[6] 0.820 3.73# 6.19 311.37±0.11[21] three circumstellar disks,
two suspected planets (AEgir (debated) and c) (2000 & 2002)[22]
Lacaille 9352 (Gliese 887) 10.7241±0.0007 Piscis Austrinus* 23h 05m 52.0s
−35° 51′ 11″ 		M0.5V 0.486 7.34 9.75 304.1354±0.0200[8] two planets, b and c, with equivocal evidence for a third in the habitable zone (2020)[23]
Ross 128 (FI Virginis) 11.0074±0.0011 Virgo* 11h 47m 44.4s
+00° 48′ 16″ 		M4.0Vn 0.168 11.13 13.51 296.3053±0.0302[8] flare star, one planet (b) (2017)[24]
EZ Aquarii
(Gliese 866, Luyten 789-6) 		A 11.109±0.034 Aquarius* 22h 38m 33.4s
−15° 17′ 57″ 		M5.0Ve 0.11 13.33 15.64 293.60±0.9[25] A & B flare stars
B M? 0.11 13.27 15.58
C M? 0.10 14.03 16.34
Alpha Canis Minoris A (Procyon)$ 11.402±0.032 Canis Minor* 07h 39m 18.1s
+05° 13′ 30″ 		F5IV–V[6] 1.499 0.38# 2.66 286.05±0.81
[26][27]
B‡ DQZ[6] 0.602 10.70 12.98
61 Cygni A (BD+38°4343)$ 11.4039±0.0012 Cygnus* 21h 06m 53.9s
+38° 44′ 58″ 		K5.0V[6] 0.70 5.21# 7.49 286.0054±0.0289[8] First star (besides Sun) to have measured distance.[28]
B flare star and brightest red dwarf in night sky, with possible planet or brown dwarf.[29]
Possible circumstellar disk.
B (BD+38°4344)$ 21h 06m 55.3s
+38° 44′ 31″ 		K7.0V[6] 0.63 6.03# 8.31
Struve 2398
(Gliese 725, BD+59°1915) 		A (HD 173739) 11.4908±0.0009 Draco* 18h 42m 46.7s
+59° 37′ 49″ 		M3.0V[6] 0.334 8.90 11.16 283.8401±0.0220[8] flare stars, star B has 2 known planets[14]
B (HD 173740) 18h 42m 46.9s
+59° 37′ 37″ 		M3.5V[6] 0.248 9.69 11.95
Groombridge 34
(Gliese 15) 		A (GX Andromedae) 11.6191±0.0008 Andromeda 00h 18m 22.9s
+44° 01′ 23″ 		M1.5V[6] 0.38 8.08 10.32 280.7068±0.0203[8] flare star, two suspected planets (Ac, 2017) and Ab, 2014)[30]
B (GQ Andromedae) M3.5V[6] 0.15 11.06 13.30 flare star
DX Cancri (G 51-15) 11.6797±0.0027 Cancer* 08h 29m 49.5s
+26° 46′ 37″ 		M6.5Ve 0.09 14.78 16.98 279.2496±0.0637[8] flare star
Epsilon Indi
(CPD−57°10015) 		A$ 11.8670±0.0041 Indus* 22h 03m 21.7s
−56° 47′ 10″ 		K5Ve[6] 0.754 4.69# 6.89 274.8431±0.0956[8] one planet (Ab) (2018)[31]
Ba§ 22h 04m 10.5s
−56° 46′ 58″ 		T1.0V 0.065 12.3 J[32]
Bb§ T6.0V 0.050 13.2 J[32]
Tau Ceti (BD−16°295)$ 11.9118±0.0074 Cetus 01h 44m 04.1s
−15° 56′ 15″ 		G8.5Vp[6] 0.783 3.49# 5.68 273.8097±0.1701[8] one debris disk
four confirmed planets (e, f, g, and h) (2012, 2017),
four candidate planets (b, c, d, and "i") (2012, 2019), and 1 predicted planet (2020).
Gliese 1061 (LHS 1565) 11.9839±0.0014 Horologium* 03h 35m 59.7s
−44° 30′ 45″ 		M5.5V[6] 0.113 13.09 15.26 272.1615±0.0316[8] has 3 known planets (2019)[33][34][35]
YZ Ceti (LHS 138) 12.1222±0.0015 Cetus 01h 12m 30.6s
−16° 59′ 56″ 		M4.5V[6] 0.130 12.02 14.17 269.0573±0.0337[8] flare star, three planets (b, c, and d) (2017),[36]
one suspected planet (e)
Luyten's Star (BD+05°1668) 12.3485±0.0019 Canis Minor 07h 27m 24.5s
+05° 13′ 33″ 		M3.5Vn 0.26 9.86 11.97 264.1269±0.0413[8] two planets (b, c) (2017)[37] and two suspected planets (d, e) (2019)[38]
Teegarden's Star (SO025300.5+165258) 12.4970±0.0045 Aries* 02h 53m 00.9s
+16° 52′ 53″ 		M6.5V 0.08 15.14 17.22 260.9884±0.0934[8] tentative radial velocity variation (2010)[35][39] has 2 known planets (2019)[40][41]
Kapteyn's Star (CD−45°1841) 12.8308±0.0008 Pictor* 05h 11m 40.6s
−45° 01′ 06″ 		M1.5VI[6] 0.281 8.84 10.87 254.1986±0.0168[8] two disputed planets (b and c) (2014)[42][43]
Lacaille 8760 (AX Microscopii) 12.9472±0.0018 Microscopium* 21h 17m 15.3s
−38° 52′ 03″ 		M0.0V[6] 0.60 6.67 8.69 251.9124±0.0352[8] brightest M dwarf star in night sky, flare star
SCR 1845-6357 A 13.0638±0.0070 Pavo* 18h 45m 05.3s
−63° 57′ 48″ 		M8.5V[6] 0.07 17.39 19.41 249.6651±0.1330[8] [35]
B§ 18h 45m 02.6s
−63° 57′ 52″ 		T6[44] 0.03[6] 13.3 J[32]
Kruger 60
(BD+56°2783) 		A 13.0724±0.0052 Cepheus* 22h 27m 59.5s
+57° 41′ 45″ 		M3.0V[6] 0.271 9.79 11.76 249.5±0.1[45] B flare star
B (DO Cephei) M4.0V[6] 0.176 11.41 13.38
DEN 1048-3956 13.1932±0.0027 Antlia* 10h 48m 14.7s
−39° 56′ 06″ 		M8.5V[6] 0.08 17.39 19.37 247.2156±0.0512[8] [46][47]
Ross 614
(V577 Monocerotis, Gliese 234) 		A (LHS 1849) 13.363±0.040 Monoceros* 06h 29m 23.4s
−02° 48′ 50″ 		M4.5V[6] 0.223 11.15 13.09 244.07±0.73[48] A flare star
B (LHS 1850) M5.5V 0.111 14.23 16.17
UGPS J0722-0540§ 13.43±0.13 Monoceros 07h 22m 27.3s
–05° 40′ 30″ 		T9[6] 0.010-0.025 16.52 J[49] 242.8±2.4[50] [51]
Wolf 1061 (Gliese 628, BD−12°4523) 14.0500±0.0016 Ophiuchus 16h 30m 18.1s
−12° 39′ 45″ 		M3.0V[6] 0.294 10.07 11.93 232.1390±0.0268[8] three planets (b, c, and d) (2015)[52]
Van Maanen's star (Gliese 35, LHS 7)‡ 14.0718±0.0011 Pisces* 00h 49m 09.9s
+05° 23′ 19″ 		DZ7[6] 0.67 12.38 14.21 231.7800±0.0183[8] closest-known free-floating white dwarf,
third-known white dwarf
possible debris disk (1917),
possible planet (b) (2004) (debated)
Gliese 1 (CD−37°15492) 14.1747±0.0022 Sculptor* 00h 05m 24.4s
−37° 21′ 27″ 		M1.5 V[6] 0.45-0.48 8.55 10.35 230.0970±0.0362[8]
L 1159-16 (TZ Arietis, Gliese 83.1) 14.5780±0.0046 Aries 02h 00m 13.2s
+13° 03′ 08″ 		M4.5V[6] 0.14 12.27 14.03 223.7321±0.0699[8] flare star, has two known planets (b and c) and one candidate (d)[14]
Wolf 424
(FL Virginis, LHS 333, Gliese 473) 		A 14.595±0.031 Virgo 12h 33m 17.2s
+09° 01′ 15″ 		M5.5Ve 0.143 13.18 14.97 223.4775±0.4665[8] flare stars
B M7Ve 0.131 13.17 14.96
Gliese 687 (LHS 450, BD+68°946) 14.8395±0.0014 Draco 17h 36m 25.9s
+68° 20′ 21″ 		M3.0V[6] 0.401 9.17 10.89 219.7898±0.0210[8] possible flare star, two planets (b) (2014)[53] and (c) (2020)[54]
Gliese 674 (LHS 449) 14.8492±0.0018 Ara* 17h 28m 39.9s
−46° 53′ 43″ 		M3.0V[6] 0.35 9.38 11.09 219.6463±0.0262[8] one planet (b) (2007)[55]
LHS 292 (LP 731-58) 14.8706±0.0041 Sextans* 10h 48m 12.6s
−11° 20′ 14″ 		M6.5V[6] 0.08 15.60 17.32 219.3302±0.0602[8] flare star
LP 145-141 (WD 1142-645, Gliese 440)‡ 15.1226±0.0013 Musca* 11h 45m 42.9s
−64° 50′ 29″ 		DQ6[6] 0.75 11.50 13.18 215.6753±0.0181[8]
Gliese 1245 A (G 208-44 A) 15.2001±0.0034 Cygnus 19h 53m 54.2s
+44° 24′ 55″ 		M5.5V[6] 0.11 13.46 15.17 214.5745±0.0476[8] flare stars
B (G 208-45) 19h 53m 55.2s
+44° 24′ 56″ 		M6.0V[6] 0.10 14.01 15.72
C (G 208-44 B) 19h 53m 54.2s
+44° 24′ 55″ 		M5.5 0.07 16.75 18.46
WISE 1741+2553§ 15.22±0.20 Hercules* 17h 41m 24.2s
+25° 53′ 19″ 		T9 16.53 J 18.18 J 214.3±2.8[56]
Gliese 876 (Ross 780) 15.2382±0.0025 Aquarius 22h 53m 16.7s
−14° 15′ 49″ 		M3.5V[6] 0.37 10.17 11.81 214.0380±0.0356[8] four planets (d (2005), c (2001), b (1998), and e (2010))[57]
two possible planets (f and g) (2014) (debated)
WISE 1639-6847§ 15.450±0.041 Triangulum Australe* 16h 39m 40.9s
−68° 47′ 46″ 		Y0.5 20.57 J 22.10 J 211.11±0.56[58]
LHS 288 (Luyten 143-23) 15.7586±0.0034 Carina 10h 44m 21.2s
−61° 12′ 36″ 		M5.5V[6] 0.11[6] 13.90 15.51 206.9698±0.0448[8] one tentative planet (b) (2007)[35]
GJ 1002 15.8060±0.0036 Cetus 00h 06m 43.8s
−07° 32′ 22″ 		M5.5V[6] 0.11 13.76 15.40 206.3500±0.0474[8]
DEN 0255-4700§ 15.877±0.014 Eridanus 02h 55m 03.7s
−47° 00′ 52″ 		L7.5V[6] 0.025-0.065 22.92 24.44 205.4251±0.1857[8] [47]
Groombridge 1618 (Gliese 380)$ 15.8857±0.0017 Ursa Major 10h 11m 22.1s
+49° 27′ 15″ 		K7.0V[6] 0.67 6.59 8.16 205.3148±0.0224[8] brightest single red dwarf in night sky, flare star, one suspected debris disk,
one suspected planet (b) (1989) (tentative)
Gliese 412 A 15.9969±0.0026 Ursa Major 11h 05m 28.6s
+43° 31′ 36″ 		M1.0V[6] 0.48 8.77 10.34 203.8876±0.0332[8]
B (WX Ursae Majoris) 11h 05m 30.4s
+43° 31′ 18″ 		M5.5V[6] 0.10 14.48 16.05 flare star
AD Leonis 16.1939±0.0024 Leo 10h 19m 36.4s
+19° 52′ 10″ 		M3.0V[6] 0.39-0.42 9.32 10.87 201.4064±0.0296[8] flare star, 1 refuted planet (b[14] in 2020)[59]
Gliese 832 16.2005±0.0019 Grus* 21h 33m 34.0s
−49° 00′ 32″ 		M1.5 V[6] 0.45 8.66 10.20 201.3252±0.0237[8] possible flare star, two planets (b (2008) and c (2014))[60][61]
System Star or (sub-) brown dwarf Distance[7]
(Light-years (±err)) 		Constellation Coordinates:
RA, Dec
(Ep J2000, Eq J2000)[6] 		Stellar
class 		Mass
M☉ 		Apparent Absolute Parallax
(mas (±err))
[6][note 1] 		Notes and additional
references
Designation Magnitude (mV[6] or mJ)

Distant future and past encounters

Graph of the distances of various stars from the Sun during the past 20,000 to future 80,000 years.
Distances of the nearest stars from 20,000 years ago until 80,000 years in the future

Over long periods of time, the slow independent motion of stars change in both relative position and in their distance from the observer. This can cause other currently distant stars to fall within a stated range, which may be readily calculated and predicted using accurate astrometric measurements of parallax and total proper motions, along with spectroscopically determined radial velocities. Although predictions can be extrapolated back into the past or forward into the future, they are subject to increasing significant cumulative errors over very long periods.[5] Inaccuracies of these measured parameters make determining the true minimum distances of any encountering stars or brown dwarfs fairly difficult.[62]

One of the first stars known to approach the Sun particularly close is Gliese 710. The star, whose mass is roughly half that of the Sun, is currently 62 light-years from the Solar System. It was first noticed in 1999 using data from the Hipparcos satellite, and was estimated to pass less than 1.3 light-years (0.40 pc) from the Sun in 1.4 million years.[63] With the release of Gaia's observations of the star, it has since been refined to a much closer 0.178 light-years (0.055 pc), close enough to significantly disturb objects in the Oort cloud, which extends out to 1.2 light-years (0.37 pc) from the Sun.[64]

The second-closest object known to approach the Sun was only discovered in 2018 after Gaia's second data release, known as 2MASS J0610-4246. Its approach has not been fully described due to it being a distant binary star with a red dwarf, but almost certainly passed less than 1 light-year from the Solar System roughly 1.16 million years ago.

Template:Solar encounters

Schematic view to scale of past and future close approaches of stars to the Sun (Up to 4.5 light-years)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Parallaxes given by RECONS are a weighted mean of values in the sources given, as well as measurements by the RECONS program.

References

  1. ^ Weaver, Harold F. (1947). "The Visibility of Stars Without Optical Aid". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 59 (350): 232–243. Bibcode:1947PASP...59..232W. doi:10.1086/125956.
  2. ^ Alves, João; Zucker, Catherine; Goodman, Alyssa A.; Speagle, Joshua S.; Meingast, Stefan; Robitaille, Thomas; Finkbeiner, Douglas P.; Schlafly, Edward F.; Green, Gregory M. (23 January 2020). "A Galactic-scale gas wave in the Solar Neighborhood". arXiv.org. doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1874-z. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  3. ^ a b Bailer-Jones, C. A. L.; Rybizki, J.; Andrae, R.; Fouesnea, M. (2018). "New stellar encounters discovered in the second Gaia data release". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616 (37): A37. arXiv:1805.07581. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A..37B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833456. S2CID 56269929.
  4. ^ a b Hall, Shannon (28 May 2018). "Known Close Stellar Encounters Surge in Number". Sky and Telescope. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
  5. ^ a b Matthews, R. A. (1994). "The Close Approach of Stars in the Solar Neighborhood". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society. 35: 1. Bibcode:1994QJRAS..35....1M.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd "The One Hundred Nearest Star Systems". Research Consortium on Nearby Stars (RECONS). 17 September 2007. Retrieved 6 November 2007.
  7. ^ a b From parallax.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2021). "Gaia Early Data Release 3: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 649: A1. arXiv:2012.01533. Bibcode:2021A&A...649A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657. S2CID 227254300. (Erratum: doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039657e).
  9. ^ Drake, Nadia (12 April 2019). "A new super-Earth may orbit the star next door". National Geographic. Retrieved 21 April 2019. Video of discovery being discussed (accidentally announced?)
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