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List of German Jews

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The Jewish presence in Germany is older than Christianity; the first Jewish population came with the Romans to the city Cologne. A "Golden Age" in the first millennium saw the emergence of the Ashkenazi Jews, while the persecution and expulsion that followed the Crusades led to the creation of Yiddish and an overall shift eastwards. A change of status in the late Renaissance Era, combined with the Jewish Enlightenment – the Haskalah, meant that by the 1920s Germany had one of the most integrated Jewish populations in Europe, contributing prominently to German culture and society. The vast majority either left the country or were murdered in the Holocaust. The current German Jewish population consists primarily of immigrants from the former Soviet Union who claim to be Jewish, however, the better economic situation in Germany, coupled with the easy citizenship process for Jewish people immigrating to Germany, make it hard to determine the number of these people who are actually Jewish.

The following is a list of some famous Jewish people (by religion or descent) from Germany proper. For other German Jews, see List of Austrian Jews and List of West European Jews. Also note that the idea of German nationality is rather broad, due to the many Germanic tribes, Jewish assimilation into Germany, and separate German ruled states through the history of Europe. Therefore, the same set of people could at times be referred to as Germans, Jews, or German Jews alike.

Historical figures

Politicians

Activists

Religious figures

Rabbis

Scholars

Other

Scientific Figures

Natural Scientists

Physicians and Medical Researchers

Mathematicians

Technical Scientists

Psychologists

Academic figures

Philosophers

Economists

Social Scientists

Historians

Jurists

Linguists and philologists

Educationalists

Cultural figures

Showbusiness

Musicians

Artists

Writers

Entrepreneurs

See also Court Jews

Sports

Literature

  • Walter Tetzlaff, ed. "2000 Kurzbiographien bedeutender deutscher Juden des 20. Jahrhunderts" (Lindhorst: Askania, 1982).

See also

References

  1. ^ Eduard Lasker: Ein Leben für den Rechtsstaat by Adolf Laufs, German Studies Review, Vol. 9, No. 3. (Oct., 1986), pp. 651-652
  2. ^ Germany's Greens and Israel: "The Theme is too Much" by Diana Johnstone, MERIP Middle East Report, No. 149, Human Rights in the Middle East. (Nov. - Dec., 1987), pp. 44-45
  3. ^ Walter Rathenau: Industrialist, Banker, Intellectual, and Politician; Notes and Diaries 1907-1922 by Von Strandmann
  4. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  5. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica, [1]
  6. ^ Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1911 ed.]]
  7. ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Prussian Poland of Jewish parents"
  8. ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born of Jewish parents"
  9. ^ Radio National Australia interview with Sir Walter: "I’m half Ashkenazy Jewish myself" Accessed 21 Feb 2007
  10. ^ Dr. Leopold Ladenburg: "Stammtafel der Familie Ladenburg", Verlag J. Ph. Walther, Mannheim 1882
  11. ^ Fritz London: A Scientific Biography by Kostas Gavroglu
  12. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica 13:492
  13. ^ The master of light;: A biography of Albert A. Michelson by Dorothy Michelson Livingston, 1973
  14. ^ (Encyclopaedia Judaica, 14:1578)
  15. ^ British Jewish Year Book 2005 p.215 (list of Jewish Nobel Prize winners); Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. "Wallach, Otto"; [2]; however Otto Wallach 1847-1931. Chemiker und Nobelpreisträger by Gunther Beer, Pg 11 disagrees
  16. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  17. ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Bavaria of Jewish parents"
  18. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  19. ^ [3] "he married Katia Pringsheim, daughter of a well-known Jewish family of intellectuals. They had six children: Klaus, Erika, Golo, Monika, Elisabeth and Michael"
  20. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  21. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  22. ^ Contemporary Authors V 162 By Rooney, Scot Peacock, Pg 169
  23. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the son of Jewish parents"
  24. ^ Encyclopedia Judaica (Keter, Jerusalem, 1972, vol. 12, p. 945)
  25. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  26. ^ Max Scheler, 1874-1928: An Intellectual Portrait by John Raphael Staude
  27. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica art. Sternberg, Kurt
  28. ^ Hayek's Challenge: An Intellectual Biography of F. A. Hayek - Pg 145
  29. ^ JInfo list of economists accessed 17 May 2007
  30. ^ Riemer, Yehuda. Fritz Peretz Naphtali, A Social Democrat in Two Worlds. Hassifriya Haziyonit, Jerusalem 1996
  31. ^ (The Economist, March 11th 2006, p95: "born a Jew")
  32. ^ a b c d e EJL]
  33. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  34. ^ Personal Memoirs by Victor Ehrenberg, Privately Published, 1971
  35. ^ British Dictionary of National Biography
  36. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica art. Laband, Paul
  37. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  38. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "An unbaptized Jew"
  39. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Goshen-Gottstein, Moshe; "born in Berlin"
  40. ^ Jewish Year Book 2005 p215
  41. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica, art. Rabin, Chaim Menachem; "born in Giessen, Germany"
  42. ^ (British Jewish Year Book 1980 p183)
  43. ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Berlin of Jewish parents"
  44. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "the only daughter of Jewish parents"
  45. ^ Patrick McGilligan, Fritz Lang: The Nature of the Beast, St. Martin's Press: New York (1997), page 172
  46. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "Being a Jew, Koch's life under the Nazi regime became increasingly intolerable"
  47. ^ Remembering History: The Filmmaker Konrad Wolf by Marc Silberman, New German Critique, No. 49, Special Issue on Alexander Kluge. (Winter, 1990), pp. 163-191
  48. ^ Theatre Reviews: Opposites by Wilhelm Hortmann, Shakespeare Quarterly, Vol. 33, No. 4. (Winter, 1982), pp. 513-515
  49. ^ Fritz Hennenberg: Paul Dessau. Eine Biographie
  50. ^ Alfred Einstein on Music: Selected Music Criticisms by Catherine Dower
  51. ^ Jewish Chronicle, July 13 2001 p.25 "two Jewish composers, Alexander Goehr and Robert Saxton"
  52. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "His was a cultured, musical Jewish family"
  53. ^ "Hermann Levi's shame and Parsifal's guilt" by Laurence Dreyfus
  54. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica art. Lowinsky, Edward
  55. ^ Giacomo Meyerbeer, 1791-1864 by Martin Cooper
  56. ^ Music in the Jewish Community of Palestine 1880-1948: A Social History by Jehoash Hirshberg
  57. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  58. ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born at Dortmund of Jewish parentage"
  59. ^ International Association of Jewish Genealogical Societies - Cemetery Project: he is buried in the Jewish cemetery in Znojmo, Czech Republic; accessed 18 May 2007
  60. ^ Concise Dictionary of National Biography: "born in Germany of Hungarian Jewish parents"
  61. ^ Encyclopaedia Judaica art. Bab, Julius
  62. ^ Heinrich Heine, "Blackhguard" and "Apostate" a Study of the Earliest Attitude Towards Him by Sol Liptzin
  63. ^ The Gabriele Killert & Richard Schroetter: Obligation destruction fixes. The forgotten Jewish writer Heinrich Eduard Jacob; in: "new inhabitants of zurich newspaper" (boarding school Expenditure), NR. 78. Zurich, 5./6. April 1997, S. 50.
  64. ^ The Lesser Evil: The Diaries of Victor Klemperer 1945-1959
  65. ^ Author of Himself, The ... The Life of Marcel Reich-Ranicki
  66. ^ memorial plaque reads "Jewish poet"
  67. ^ Rahel Varnhagen The Life of a Jewish Woman by Hannah Arendt
  68. ^ Jewish Encyclopedia
  69. ^ Hymen, E. Paula & Dash Moore, Deborah. (eds) (1997) Jewish Women in America: An Historical Encyclopedia. Routledge, ISBN 0-415-91934-7 (pp. 1463-1465)
  70. ^ British Dictionary of National Biography
  71. ^ K. Grunwald, ‘Windsor Cassel: the last court Jew’, Yearbook of the Leo Baeck Institute, 14 (1969), 119–61
  72. ^ Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: "born on 9 December 1831 in Munich ... His grandfather Jacob had established the family as one of the first Jewish families to acquire great wealth and social acceptability in Bavaria ... His mother came from an Orthodox Frankfurt family and ensured that the children were properly instructed in Jewish matters."
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