Dress
A dress (also frock, gown) is a garment consisting of a skirt with an attached bodice or with a matching bodice giving the effect of a one-piece garment.
In Western culture, dresses are usually considered women's and little girls' clothing. The hemline of dresses can be as high as the upper thigh or as low as the ground, depending on the whims of fashion and the modesty or personal taste of the wearer.
History
19th century
Dresses increased dramatically to the hoopskirt and crinoline-supported styles of the 1860s; then fullness was draped and drawn to the back. Dresses had a "day" bodice with a high neckline and long sleeves, and an "evening" bodice with a low neckline (decollete) and very short sleeves.
Throughout this period, the length of fashionable dresses varied only slightly, between ankle-length and floor-sweeping.
- See also History of Western fashion: 1795-1820, 1820s, 1830s, 1840s, 1850s, 1860s, 1870s, 1880s, 1890s
- Victorian fashion, Artistic Dress movement, Victorian dress reform.
Dress types
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Depending on design dresses are classified. Different basic dress shapes are:
- Shirtwaist, a dress with a bodice (waist) like a tailored shirt and an attached straight or full skirt
- Sheath, a fitted, often sleeveless dress, often without a waistseam (1960s)
- Shift, a straight dress with no waist shaping or seam (1960s)
- Jumper dress (American English) or Pinafore dress (British English) is a sleeveless dress intended to be worn over a layering top or blouse. Jumper dresses exist for both summer and winter wear.
- Sundress is an informal sleeveless dress of any shape in a lightweight fabric, for summer wear.
- Tent, a dress flared from above the bust, sometimes with a yoke (1960s, renewed popularity after 2005)
- Maxi dress, a long, formfitting, floor or ankle length dress.
- Surplice dress - has a neckline which is formed by two pieces of fabric wrapping around each other creating a V-neck.
- Wrap dress, a dress with a front closure formed by wrapping one side across the other and knotting the attached ties on the side, or fastening buttons. This forms a V-shaped neckline and hugs a woman's curves. A faux wrap dress resembles this design, except that it comes already fastened together with no opening in front, but instead is slipped on over the head. (1970s; renewed popularity from late 1990s)
Dresses for particular purposes
- Gown, a dress with a fitted or tight bodice and a straight or full skirt, worn for formal occasions like a banquet, an opera, or a gala
- Ballet dress, a full-skirted dress worn for ballet performances.
- Tea gown, a frothy, dressy dress with a low hem for afternoon social wear, or for dinner at home
- Cocktail dress, a party dress of the current street length (1950s and sporadically popular since)
- Dinner dress, a formal dress worn when fashionable people "dressed for dinner" (men in tuxedos or dinner jackets). While it may be as fancy as a ball gown, the skirt is generally narrow.
- Formal dress, any dress suitable for formal occasions.
- Evening gown, a long flowing woman's dress worn to a formal affair.
- Ball gown, a long dress with a full, sweeping, or trained skirt for dancing, which, according to etiquette, must be worn only to white-tie occasions.
- Ballroom dress, a full-skirted gown with elaborate decoration, inspired by gowns for balls, worn for ballroom dancing competitions and similar occasions.
- Coronation gown, formal wear for coronations
- Wedding dress, a gown for the bride of a wedding
Fads and fashions
- Chanel's little black dress (1920s and on)
- Kitty Foyle, a dark-colored dress with contrasting (usually white) collar and cuffs (1940s, after a dress worn by Ginger Rogers in the movie of the same name)
- Granny gown, an ankle-length, often ruffled, day dress of printed calico, cut like a Victorian nightgown, popularized by designer Laura Ashley (late 1960s-1970s)
- Hoodie dress, this dress type became popular in 2006 and continues through 2009. This is a dress with a hoodie. This can look like the style of a regular hoodie top or it can look like a hoodie without sleeves and a long sleeved shirt underneath. Like a layered t-shirt. The hoodie dress is popular worn with jeans, leggings, or opaque tights footed or footless, and sneakers like Chuck Taylor All-Stars and Keds, and Uggs, Sperry Top-Siders and flats.
Usage
In Europe and America, dresses are worn by females of all ages as an alternative to a separate skirt and blouse or trousers. Dresses are often used by young girls and as more formal attire by adult women.
Potential drawbacks of dresses include being either too long or cumbersome for the performance of some physical activities such as climbing stairs or ladders. In addition, some dress styles, particularly those with back closures, can be difficult or even impossible to don or remove without assistance.
Dresses however can be cooler and less confining than many trouser styles, and they are still very popular for special occasions such as proms or weddings.
See also
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References
- Oxford English Dictionary
- Brockmamn, Helen L.: The Theory of Fashion Design, Wiley, 1965.
- Picken, Mary Brooks: The Fashion Dictionary, Funk and Wagnalls, 1957. (1973 edition ISBN 0-308-10052-2)
- Tozer, Jane, and Sarah Levitt: Fabric of Society: A Century of People and Their Clothes 1770-1870, Laura Ashley Ltd., 1983; ISBN 0-9508913-0-4
External links
- Stylopedia -- an online dictionary of fashion details
- ApparelSeach glossary of textile and apparel terms
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| Dresses and gowns |
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