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Gina Haspel
7th Director of the
Central Intelligence Agency
Incumbent
Assumed office
April 26, 2018
Acting: April 26, 2018 – May 17, 2018
PresidentDonald Trump
Preceded byMike Pompeo
6th Deputy Director of the
Central Intelligence Agency
In office
February 2, 2017 – May 17, 2018
PresidentDonald Trump
Preceded byDavid Cohen
Succeeded byVacant
Acting Director of the
National Clandestine Service
In office
February 28, 2013 – May 7, 2013
PresidentBarack Obama
Preceded byJohn Bennett
Succeeded byFrank Archibald
Personal details
Born
Gina Cheri Walker

(1956-10-01) October 1, 1956 (age 68)
Ashland, Kentucky, U.S.
SpouseJeff Haspel (divorced)
EducationUniversity of Kentucky
University of Louisville (BA)
AwardsPresidential Rank Award
Donovan Award
Intelligence Medal of Merit

Gina Cheri Haspel (née Walker;[1] born October 1, 1956[2]) is an American intelligence officer currently serving as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), becoming the first woman to hold the post on a permanent basis.[3] She had been previously the Deputy Director under Mike Pompeo in the beginning of the Trump administration.[4][5][6]

She became Acting Director following Pompeo's resignation to become United States Secretary of State and was nominated by President Donald Trump to become the official CIA Director. On May 17, 2018, she was confirmed as the CIA Director, making her the first female CIA Director in history.[7] She was also the second female Deputy Director of the agency.[5][6][8][9][10]

Haspel has attracted controversy for her role as chief of a CIA black site in Thailand in 2002 in which prisoners were tortured with so-called "enhanced interrogation techniques", including waterboarding.[11][12][13][14][15] At that time, the George W. Bush administration considered the techniques legal based on a set of secret, now-rescinded legal opinions that expansively defined executive authority and narrowly defined torture.[16][17]

Early life

Haspel was born Gina Cheri Walker in 1956[1] in Ashland, Kentucky.[18][19] Her father served in the United States Air Force.[19] She has four siblings.[19]

Haspel attended high school in the United Kingdom.[19] She was a student at the University of Kentucky for three years and transferred for her senior year to the University of Louisville, where she graduated in May 1978[2] with a BA degree in languages and journalism.[19] From 1980 to 1981, she worked as a civilian library coordinator at Fort Devens in Massachusetts. She received a paralegal certificate from Northeastern University in 1982 and went on to work as a paralegal until she was hired by CIA.[2][20][21]

Early career

Career timeline published by the CIA for Gina Haspel

Early CIA career

Haspel joined the CIA in January 1985 as a reports officer.[1][22] She held several undercover overseas positions, for many of which she was station chief.[23][24] Her first field assignment was from 1987–1989 in Ethiopia,[22][25] Central Eurasia,[22] Turkey,[1] followed by several assignments in Europe and Central Eurasia from 1990 to 2001.[22][18] From 1996 to 1998, Haspel served as station chief in Baku, Azerbaijan.

From 2001 to 2003, her position was listed as Deputy Group Chief, Counterterrorism Center.[22]

Between October and December 2002, Haspel was assigned to oversee a secret CIA prison in Thailand Detention Site GREEN, code-named Cat's Eye, that housed persons suspected of involvement in Al-Qaeda. The prison was part of the US government's extraordinary rendition program after the September 11 attacks, and used enhanced interrogation techniques such as waterboarding that are considered by many to be torture although those methods were deemed legal at the time by agency lawyers. According to a former senior CIA official, Haspel arrived as station chief after the interrogation of Abu Zubaydah but was chief during the waterboarding of Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri.[18]

From 2004 to 2005, Haspel was Deputy Chief of the National Resources Division.[25][22]

After the service in Thailand, she served as an operations officer in Counterterrorism Center near Washington, DC.[22] She later served as the CIA's station chief London, United Kingdom in 2009 and, in 2011, New York.[18][26]

National Clandestine Service leadership

Haspel served as the Deputy Director of the National Clandestine Service, Deputy Director of the National Clandestine Service for Foreign Intelligence and Covert Action, and Chief of Staff for the Director of the National Clandestine Service.[24]

In 2005, Haspel was the chief of staff to Jose Rodriguez, Director of the National Clandestine Service. In his memoir, Rodriguez wrote that Haspel had drafted a cable in 2005 ordering the destruction of dozens of videotapes made at the black site in Thailand in response to mounting public scrutiny of the program.[18][27] At the Senate confirmation hearing considering her nomination to head the CIA, Haspel explained that the tapes were destroyed in order to protect the identities of CIA officers whose faces were visible, at a time when leaks of US intelligence were rampant.[28] In 2013, John Brennan, then the director of Central Intelligence, named Haspel as acting Director of the National Clandestine Service, which carries out covert operations around the globe.[29] However, she was not appointed to the position permanently due to criticism about her involvement in the Rendition, Detention and Interrogation program.[30] Her permanent appointment was opposed by Dianne Feinstein and others in the Senate.[18][26]

Deputy Director of the CIA

On February 2, 2017, President Donald Trump appointed Haspel Deputy Director of the CIA,[31] a position that does not require Senate confirmation.[23] In an official statement released that day, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence Chairman Devin Nunes (R-CA) said:[32]

With more than thirty years of service to the CIA and extensive overseas experience, Gina has worked closely with the House Intelligence Committee and has impressed us with her dedication, forthrightness, and her deep commitment to the Intelligence Community. She is undoubtedly the right person for the job, and the Committee looks forward to working with her in the future.

On February 8, 2017, several members of the Senate intelligence committee urged Trump to reconsider his appointment of Haspel as Deputy Director.[33] Senator Sheldon Whitehouse (D-RI) quoted colleagues Ron Wyden (D-OR) and Martin Heinrich (D-NM) who were on the committee:

I am especially concerned by reports that this individual was involved in the unauthorized destruction of CIA interrogation videotapes, which documented the CIA's use of torture against two CIA detainees. My colleagues Senators Wyden and Heinrich have stated that classified information details why the newly appointed Deputy Director is 'unsuitable' for the position and have requested that this information be declassified. I join their request.

On February 15, 2017, Spencer Ackerman reported on psychologists Bruce Jessen and James Mitchell, the architects of the enhanced interrogation program that was designed to break Zubaydah and was subsequently used on other detainees at the CIA's secret prisons around the world. Jessen and Mitchell are being sued by Sulaiman Abdulla Salim, Mohamed Ahmed Ben Soud, and Obaid Ullah over torture designed by the psychologists. Jessen and Mitchell are seeking to compel Haspel, and her colleague James Cotsana, to testify on their behalf.[34][35]

CIA Director (2018–present)

Nomination

File:Gina Haspel confirmation.png
Haspel speaking at her confirmation hearing

On March 13, 2018, President Donald Trump announced he would nominate Haspel to be the CIA director, replacing Mike Pompeo—whom he tapped to become the new Secretary of State.[36] If confirmed by the Senate,[37] Haspel would become the first woman to serve as permanent CIA director (Meroe Park served as Executive Director from 2013-2017 and acting director for three days in January 2017).[38][39] Robert Baer, who supervised Haspel at the Central Intelligence Agency, found her to be "smart, tough and effective. Foreign liaison services who have worked with her uniformly walked away impressed."[40]

Republican Senator Rand Paul stated that he would oppose the nomination saying "To really appoint the head cheerleader for waterboarding to be head of the CIA? I mean, how could you trust somebody who did that to be in charge of the CIA? To read of her glee during the waterboarding is just absolutely appalling."[41] Soon after Paul made this statement, the allegation that Haspel mocked those being interrogated was retracted. Doug Stafford, an aide for Rand Paul, said, "According to multiple published, undisputed accounts, she oversaw a black site and she further destroyed evidence of torture. This should preclude her from ever running the CIA."[42]

Republican Senator and former presidential candidate John McCain called on Haspel to provide a detailed account of her participation in the CIA's detention program from 2001–2009, including whether she directed the use of so-called "enhanced interrogation techniques" and to clarify her role in the 2005 destruction of interrogation videotapes.[43][44][45] McCain has been a staunch opponent of torture in the Senate, having been tortured as a prisoner of war in North Vietnam. McCain further called upon Haspel to commit to declassifying the 2014 Senate Intelligence Committee report on CIA torture.

Multiple senators have criticized the CIA for what they believe is selectivity in declassifying superficial and positive information about her career to generate positive coverage, while simultaneously refusing to declassify any "meaningful" information about her career.[46][47]

More than 50 former senior U.S. government officials, including six former CIA directors and three former directors of national intelligence, signed a letter supporting her nomination. They included former CIA directors John Brennan, Leon Panetta and Michael Morell, former Director of the NSA and CIA Michael Hayden, and former Director of National Intelligence James Clapper.[48][49][50] In April, a group of 109 retired generals and admirals signed a letter expressing "profound concern" over Haspel's nomination due to her her record and her alleged involvement in the CIA's use of torture and the subsequent destruction of evidence.[51] Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting criticized the press coverage that portrays Haspel's nomination as a victory for feminism.[52] On May 10, The Washington Post Editorial Board expressed its opposition to Ms. Haspel's nomination for not condemning the CIA's now-defunct torture program as immoral.[53] On May 12, the first two Senate Democrats, Joe Donnelly and Joe Manchin, announced their support for Haspel's nomination.[54]

On May 9, 2018, Haspel appeared before the Senate Intelligence Committee for a confirmation hearing.[55]

Haspel's letter to Sen. Warner

On May 14, Haspel sent a letter to Sen. Mark Warner stating that in hindsight, the CIA should not have operated its interrogation and detention program.[56] Shortly thereafter, Sen. Warner announced he would back Haspel when the Senate Intelligence Committee voted on whether to refer her nomination to the full Senate.[56]

She was approved for confirmation by the Senate Intelligence Committee on May 16 by a 10-5 vote, with two Democrats voting in favor.[57] The next day, Haspel was confirmed by the full Senate, on a mostly party-line, 54–45 vote.[58] Paul and Jeff Flake of Arizona were the only Republican nays, and six Democrats — Donnelly, Manchin, Warner, Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota, Bill Nelson of Florida, and Jeanne Shaheen of New Hampshire — voted yes.[59] McCain, who had urged his colleagues to reject her nomination, did not cast a vote, as he was hospitalized at the time.[59]

Tenure

Haspel was sworn in on May 17, 2018 becoming the first woman to serve as Director of the Central Intelligence Agency on a permanent basis.

Torture and destruction of evidence controversy

Memo on Gina Haspel's involvement in the destruction of tapes

Haspel has been criticized for using torture during her career at the CIA, and for involvement in destroying records of such torture.[60]

In late October 2002, Haspel became a chief of base for a "black site" CIA torture prison located in Thailand.[61][62] She worked at a site that was codenamed "Cat's Eye", which would later become known as the place where suspected al Qaeda terrorist members Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri and Abu Zubaydah were detained and tortured with waterboarding.[23][27] In early February 2017, The New York Times and ProPublica reported that these waterboardings were both conducted under Haspel.[63][64] In March 2018, U.S. officials said that Haspel was not involved in the torture of Zubaydah, as she only became chief of base after Zubaydah was tortured. ProPublica and The New York Times issued corrections to their stories but noted that Haspel was involved in the torture of al-Nashiri.[62][63] Haspel played a role in the destruction of 92 interrogation videotapes that showed the torture of detainees both at the black site she ran and other secret agency locations.[65][62][66]

On December 17, 2014, the European Center for Constitutional and Human Rights (ECCHR) pressed criminal charges against unidentified CIA operatives, after the US Senate Select Committee published its report on torture by US intelligence agencies. On June 7, 2017, the ECCHR called on the Public Prosecutor General of Germany to issue an arrest warrant against Haspel over claims she oversaw the torture of terrorism suspects. The accusation against her is centered on the case of Saudi national Abu Zubaydah.[67][68][69] Jameel Jaffer of the American Civil Liberties Union described Haspel as "quite literally a war criminal."[70][71]

On May 1, 2018, Spencer Ackerman, writing in The Daily Beast, reported that former CIA analyst Gail Helt had been told that some of the controversial torture recordings had not been destroyed, after all.[72] On May 9, 2018, the day prior to her confirmation vote, The New York Times reported [73] that Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, architect of the 9/11 attacks and victim of various forms of torture, requested to submit six paragraphs of information for the Senate committee to review before its vote. The contents of these paragraphs, and whether they implicate Haspel directly in Mohammed's torture, are still not publicly known. [citation needed]

Awards and recognition

Haspel has received a number of awards, including the George H. W. Bush Award for excellence in counterterrorism,[74] the Donovan Award, the Intelligence Medal of Merit, and the Presidential Rank Award.[24]

Personal life

Haspel married Jeff Haspel, who served in the United States Army, c. 1976; they were divorced by 1985.[1][19][75] Haspel currently lives in Ashburn, Virginia.[76] She does not use social media.[19] Haspel is unmarried and has no children.[2]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e "CIA chief Gina Haspel faces a grilling". The Australian. March 18, 2018. Even the most basic facts about Ms Haspel's life are hard to establish. She was born Gina Cherie [sic] Walker in Kentucky in 1956. At 20, she married Jeff Haspel, an army officer, but they were divorced by the time she joined the CIA in 1985 as a reports officer, specialising in Russia. By 1988, she was listed as "acting head of administration" at the US embassy in Addis Ababa. ... Her subsequent postings remain classified but she was based in Ankara in 2003 and was CIA station chief in New York.
  2. ^ a b c d "Haspel's nomination questionnaire" (PDF). Senate Intellegence Committee website. Retrieved May 9, 2018. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  3. ^ "Gina Haspel Assumes Role of Acting Director of the Central Intelligence Agency" (Press release). Central Intelligence Agency. April 26, 2018. Retrieved May 2, 2018.
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  5. ^ a b Glenn Greenwald (February 2, 2017). "The CIA's New Deputy Director Ran a Black Site for Torture". The Intercept. Retrieved February 3, 2017. That CIA official's name whose torture activities the Post described is Gina Haspel. Today, as BuzzFeed's Jason Leopold noted, CIA Director Mike Pompeo announced that Haspel was selected by Trump to be Deputy Director of the CIA.
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  7. ^ Harris, Shane (May 17, 2018). "Gina Haspel confirmed as CIA chief despite scrutiny of her role in interrogation program". https://www.msn.com/. The Washington Post. Retrieved May 17, 2018. The Senate voted Thursday to confirm Gina Haspel as the next CIA director after several Democrats were persuaded to support her despite lingering concerns about her role in the brutal interrogation of suspected terrorists captured after 9/11. {{cite web}}: External link in |website= (help)
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  73. ^ Savage, Charlie (May 8, 2018). "9/11 Planner, Tortured by C.I.A., Asks to Tell Senators About Gina Haspel". The New York Times. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
  74. ^ Jansen, Bart (March 13, 2018). "Gina Haspel, nominated by Trump as first woman to lead CIA, has controversial past". USA Today. Retrieved March 13, 2018. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |dead-url= (help)
  75. ^ Manson, Katrina (March 16, 2018). "Gina Haspel, the undercover spy picked to head the CIA". Financial Times. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
  76. ^ "Trump Names Gina Cheri Haspel to Head CIA". Newsmax. Associated Press. Retrieved May 8, 2018.
Government offices
Preceded by
John Bennett
 Director of the National Clandestine Service
Acting
2013 		Succeeded by
Frank Archibald
Preceded by Deputy Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
2017–2018 		Vacant
Preceded by Director of the Central Intelligence Agency
2018–present 		Incumbent
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