Peter Handke
Peter Handke | |
---|---|
Born | Griffen, Austria | 6 December 1942
Occupation | Novelist, playwright |
Education | University of Graz |
Notable works | The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick, Slow Homecoming |
Notable awards | Nobel Prize in Literature (2019) |
Signature | |
Peter Handke (German: [ˈhantkə]; born 6 December 1942) is an Austrian novelist, playwright and translator. Along with Olga Tokarczuk (who received the award for 2018) of Poland, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2019.[1]
Life
Early life
Handke and his mother (a Carinthian Slovene whose suicide in 1971 is the subject of Handke's A Sorrow Beyond Dreams, a reflection on her life)[2] lived in the Soviet-occupied Pankow district of Berlin from 1944 to 1948 before resettling in Griffen, Austria. According to some of his biographers, his stepfather Bruno's alcoholism and the limited cultural life of the small town contributed to Handke's antipathy to habit and restrictiveness.[citation needed]
In 1954, Handke was sent to the Catholic Marianum boys' boarding school at Tanzenberg Castle in Sankt Veit an der Glan, Austria. There, he published his first writing in the school newspaper, Fackel. In 1959, he moved to Klagenfurt, where he went to high school, and in 1961, he commenced law studies at the University of Graz.[3]
Career
While studying, Handke established himself as a writer, linking up with the Grazer Gruppe (the Graz Authors' Assembly), an association of young writers.[4] The group published the literary digest manuskripte. Its members included Wolfgang Bauer and Barbara Frischmuth.[5]
Handke abandoned his studies in 1965, after the German publishing house Suhrkamp Verlag accepted his novel Die Hornissen (The Hornets) for publication. He gained attention after an appearance at a meeting of avant-garde artists belonging to the Gruppe 47 in Princeton, New Jersey, USA, where he presented his play Publikumsbeschimpfung (Offending the Audience).[6] Handke became one of the co-founders of the publishing house Verlag der Autoren in 1969 and participated as a member of the group Grazer Autorenversammlung from 1973 to 1977.[citation needed]
Handke has written many scripts for films.[7] He directed Die linkshändige Frau (The Left–Handed Woman), which was released in 1978. Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide's description of the film is that a woman demands that her husband leave and he complies. "Time passes... and the audience falls asleep." The film was nominated for the Golden Palm Award at the Cannes Film Festival in 1978, and won the Gold Award for German Arthouse Cinema in 1980. Handke also won the 1975 German Film Award in Gold for his screenplay Falsche Bewegung. Moreover, he played a big part in writing Wim Wenders's film Wings of Desire (1987); the poem at the beginning of the film was also written by him. Since 1975,[citation needed] Handke has been a jury member of the European literary award Petrarca-Preis.[8]
After leaving Graz, Handke lived in Düsseldorf, Berlin, Kronberg (all in Germany), in Paris, France, in the USA (1978 to 1979) and in Salzburg, Austria (1979 to 1988). Since 1991, he has lived in Chaville near Paris.[citation needed]
He is the subject of the documentary film Peter Handke: In the Woods, Might Be Late (2016), directed by Corinna Belz.[9]
Controversies
This article's "criticism" or "controversy" section may compromise the article's neutrality. (October 2019) |
His writings about the Yugoslav Wars and subsequent NATO bombing of Yugoslavia which were critical of the Western position and his speech at the funeral of Slobodan Milošević have caused controversy, and he has been described as an apologist for far-right Serbian nationalism.[10] He has been awarded the Georg Büchner Prize, the Franz Kafka Prize and the International Ibsen Award; the latter award was extremely controversial and Handke was met by protesters in Oslo and widely described by critics in Norwegian media as a fascist with ties to war criminals.[11] In 2006, Handke was nominated for the Heinrich Heine Prize, but the prize money of €50,000 had to be approved by the city council of Düsseldorf. Members of the council's major parties stated they would vote against awarding the prize to Handke, resulting in the prize being withdrawn.[12][13]
In 1996, his travelogue Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien (published in English as A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia) created considerable controversy, as Handke portrayed Serbia among the victims of the Yugoslav Wars. In the same essay, Handke also attacked Western media for misrepresenting the causes and consequences of the war. Former Yugoslavian president Slobodan Milošević asked that Handke be summoned as witness for his defence before the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, but the writer declined. He did, however, visit the tribunal as a spectator, and later published his observations in Die Tablas von Daimiel (The Tablas of Daimiel). In 1999, Salman Rushdie wrote that Handke "has astonished even his most fervent admirers by his current series of impassioned apologias for the genocidal regime of Slobodan Milosevic." He commented that Handke received the Order of the Serbian Knight from Milošević for his propaganda services during a visit to Belgrade, and that his "previous idiocies include the suggestion that Sarajevo's Muslims regularly massacred themselves and then blamed the Serbs; and his denial of the genocide carried out by Serbs at Srebrenica."[14]
On 18 March 2006, in front of more than 20,000 mourners at Milošević's funeral, Handke gave a speech in Serbian which was controversial in the West. In a letter to the French Nouvel Observateur, he offered a translation of his speech: "The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Yugoslavia, Serbia. The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Slobodan Milošević. The so-called world knows the truth. This is why the so-called world is absent today, and not only today, and not only here. I don't know the truth. But I look. I listen. I feel. I remember. This is why I am here today, close to Yugoslavia, close to Serbia, close to Slobodan Milošević".[15] Handke converted to Serbian Orthodox Church renouncing Roman Catholicism.[citation needed] Handke's position regarding the war in Yugoslavia has been challenged by the Slovenian writer and essayist Drago Jančar, and the two have engaged in a long polemic.[citation needed]
In 2014, Handke was awarded the International Ibsen Award, which caused some calls for the jury to resign.[16] The decision was condemned by PEN Norway.[17] Bernt Hagtvet, an expert on totalitarianism, called the award an "unprecedented scandal," stating that "awarding Handke the Ibsen Prize is comparable to awarding the Immanuel Kant Prize to Goebbels."[17] A group of demonstrators protested against him when he arrived to receive the prize.[18] On the other hand, Jon Fosse, former recipient of the prize, welcomed the decision, saying that Handke was a worthy recipient and deserved the Nobel Prize in Literature.[19]
Awards
- 1973: Georg Büchner Prize[20]
- 1987: Vilenica International Literary Prize[21]
- 2000: Brothers Karić Award[22]
- 2002: America Award[23]
- 2002: Honorary doctor, University of Klagenfurt[24]
- 2003: Honorary doctor, University of Salzburg[25]
- 2008: Großer Literaturpreis der Bayerischen Akademie der Schönen Künste[26]
- 2009: Franz Kafka Prize[27]
- 2012: Mülheimer Dramatikerpreis[28]
- 2014: International Ibsen Award[29][30]
- 2018: Nestroy-Theaterpreis[31]
- 2019: Nobel Prize in Literature[1]
List of works
Bibliography
Films
Handke collaborated with director Wim Wenders on a film version of The Goalkeeper's Fear of the Penalty, wrote the script for Wenders' The Wrong Move, and co-wrote the screenplay for Wenders' Wings of Desire and The Beautiful Days of Aranjuez. He has also directed films, including from his own novels, The Left-Handed Woman and The Absence.[citation needed]
See also
References
- ^ a b Marshall, Alex; Alter, Alexandra (10 October 2019). "Olga Tokarczuk and Peter Handke Awarded Nobel Prizes in Literature". The New York Times. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ Curwen, Thomas (5 January 2003). "Choosing against life". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ "Peter Handke". Britannica.com.
- ^ "Peter Handke". Wim-wenders.com. Archived from the original on 25 August 2010. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ Wakounig, Marija (2018). East Central Europe at a Glance: People - Cultures - Developments. Munster, Germany: LIT Verlag. p. 302. ISBN 9783643910462. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ Hutchinson, Ben (23 August 2011). "Peter Handke's wilful controversies". The Times Literary Supplement. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ "Peter Handke". IMDb.com. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
- ^ "Petrarca Preis". www.petrarca-preis.de (in German). Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ "Peter Handke – Bin im Wald. Kann sein, dass ich mich verspäte..." Filmportal.de (in German). Retrieved 14 May 2017.
- ^ Sage, Adam (29 July 2006). "Theatre boss's dismissal splits artistic community". The Times. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017.
- ^ - Demoniseres på grunn av manglende kunnskap in Dagbladet
- ^ May 31, 2006. "German Politicians to Block Prize for Milosevic Sympathizer". Retrieved 16 September 2010.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link) - ^ "Eklat in Düsseldorf: Kein Heine-Preis für Handke - Politiker verweigern Zustimmung" – via www.faz.net.
- ^ Salman Rushdie, "May 1999," in Step Across This Line, Random House, 2008
- ^ "Sur l'"affaire Handke"". Archived from the original on May 26, 2007.
- ^ Krever at juryen går av, Klassekampen
- ^ a b William Nygaard: - En lettelse om han sa fra seg prisen, Dagbladet, 19 September 2014
- ^ NRK. "Raste mot Ibsenpris-vinner". NRK.
- ^ "Raste mot Ibsenpris-vinner". nrk.no (in Norwegian). Norsk Rikskringkasting. 6 December 2012. Retrieved 22 September 2014.
- ^ "Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung - Awards - Georg-Büchner-Preis - Peter Handke". www.deutscheakademie.de. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ "Kaj imata letošnja Nobelova nagrajenca za književnost s Slovenijo?". Mladina.si.
- ^ "Award Laureates in 2000". www.karicawards.com. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "Green Integer Books - America Awards". www.greeninteger.com. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ Handke wird Ehrendoktor der Universität Klagenfurt Wiener Zeitung. 5 Nov 2002. Retrieved 10 Oct 2019
- ^ Peter Handke ist bald zweifacher Ehrendoktor Der Standard (online). 13 June 2003. Retrieved 10 Oct 2019
- ^ Künste, Bayerische Akademie der Schönen. "Thomas-Mann-Preis der Hansestadt Lübeck und der Bayerischen Akademie der Schönen Künste". Bayerische Akademie der Schönen Künste (in German). Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "Společnost Franze Kafky - Cena Franze Kafky". www.franzkafka-soc.cz. Retrieved 10 October 2019.
- ^ "Mülheimer Dramatikerpreis an Peter Handke - derStandard.at". Der Standard (in German). 8 June 2012. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
- ^ Controversial writer wins €300,000 Ibsen award Irish Times. 21 March 2014. Retrieved 27 March 2014
- ^ Peter Handke Archived 2014-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, The International Ibsen Award
- ^ Peter Handke erhält Nestroy für sein Lebenswerk Die Presse. 10 October 2018. Retrieved 10 October 2018
External links
- Peter Handke, Song of childhood
- Peter Handke at IMDb
- "A son's long good-bye", Svenska Dagbladet, Karl-Erik Tallmo, September 23, 1988
- 1942 births
- Living people
- People from Völkermarkt District
- Austrian dramatists and playwrights
- Male dramatists and playwrights
- People of Carinthian Slovene descent
- Austrian people of Slovenian descent
- Anton Wildgans Prize winners
- Schiller Memorial Prize winners
- Georg Büchner Prize winners
- 20th-century Austrian novelists
- 21st-century Austrian novelists
- German-language poets
- Austrian male poets
- 20th-century Austrian poets
- 20th-century male writers
- 21st-century male writers
- Austrian Nobel laureates
- Nobel laureates in Literature