2004 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2004.
Protozoa
New taxa
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Poinar & Poinar |
Oldest record of the protozoan family Trypanosomatidae, |
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Fungi
newly named
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Smith, Currah, & Stockey |
Extinct bracket fungus |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Smith, Currah, & Stockey |
Barremian (Cretaceous) |
Extinct bracket fungus. |
Plants
Newly named plants
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp nov. |
Valid |
Pigg, Ickert-Bond, & Wen |
Middle Miocene |
"Yakima Canyon Flora" |
A species of sweetgum |
|||
Sp nov |
Valid |
DeVore, Moore, Pigg, & Wehr |
oldest and only extinct species of Neviusia |
Arthropoda
newly named arachnids
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
sp nov |
jr synonym[7] |
Wunderlich |
Unknown |
jr Synonym of Garcorops jadis |
||||
sp nov |
Valid |
Bosselaers |
Unknown |
Possibly extant, but copal age is not determined |
Newly named insects
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn |
A Myrmicin ant, type species A. petrosa |
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Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Dlussky, Brothers & Rasnitsyn |
A ponerin ant, two species |
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Fam, gen et sp nov |
valid |
Koteja |
A scale insect, monotypic with Albicoccidae & A. dimai |
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Fam, gen et sp nov |
valid |
Koteja |
A scale insect, monotypic with Burmacoccidae & B. danyi |
|||||
Sp nov |
jr synonym |
A stephanid wasp |
||||||
Gen et sp nov |
valid |
Nel & Perrault |
A stem group ant, |
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gen et sp nov |
valid |
Koteja |
A scale insect, monotypic M. barbarae |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Archibald |
A Berothid lacewing |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Poinar |
A Phlebotomidae sand fly, type species P. burmitis |
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Newly named fishes
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Valiukevičius |
Late Silurian |
An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family Ischnacanthidae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schultze & Märss |
Late Silurian |
A bony fish belonging to the group Lophosteiformes. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schultze & Märss |
Late Silurian |
A bony fish belonging to the group Lophosteiformes. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Schultze & Märss |
Early Devonian |
A bony fish belonging to the group Lophosteiformes. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Valiukevičius |
Late Silurian |
An acanthodian belonging to the group Climatiiformes and the family Climatiidae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Valiukevičius |
Late Silurian |
An acanthodian belonging to the group Climatiiformes and the family Climatiidae. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Elliott, Mark-Kurik & Daeschler |
A member of Pteraspidiformes belonging to the group Psammosteida and the family Obrucheviidae. The type species is P. pulla |
|||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Valiukevičius |
Late Silurian |
An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family Poracanthidae. |
||||
Sp. nov |
Valid |
Valiukevičius |
Late Silurian |
An acanthodian belonging to the group Ischnacanthiformes and the family Poracanthidae. |
||||
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Žigaitė |
Dashtygoi Formation |
A thelodont, possibly a member of the group Phlebolepidiformes. The type species is T. rimae |
||||
Gen. et 2 sp. nov |
Valid |
Miller, Märss & Blom |
Late Silurian |
A member of Anaspida belonging to the group Birkeniida, possibly a member of the family Septentrioniidae. The type species is T. juncta; genus also includes T. concatenata. |
Newly named amphibians
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gen. et sp. nov |
Valid |
Lebedev |
A basal member of Tetrapoda. The type species is J. livnensis |
Archosauromorphs
Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[21]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
Currie & Varricchio |
![]() | ||||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Parish & Barrett |
||||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Martinelli & Forasiepi |
Late Cretaceous |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Apesteguía |
late Cretaceous |
![]() | ||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
You, Ji, Lamanna, |
late Cretaceous |
|||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Early Cretaceous |
| |||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Calvo, Rubilar-Rogers, & Moreno |
Late Cretaceous |
![]() | ||||
Valid |
Xing & Wang |
|||||||
Valid |
Hwang, Norell, Ji, & Gao |
![]() | ||||||
Valid |
Bolotsky & Godefroit |
Late Cretaceous |
||||||
Valid |
Salgado, Garrido, Cocca, & Cocca |
![]() |
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Valid |
Xu & Norell |
![]() | ||||||
Valid |
Naish, Martill, & Frey |
|||||||
Preoccupied name |
Lü, Tomida, Azuma, |
Renamed Nemegtomaia |
||||||
Nomen nudum |
Zhao & Tan |
|||||||
Valid |
Chinnery |
![]() ( |
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Valid |
Sereno, Wilson, & Conrad | ![]() |
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Valid |
Xu, & Wang | |||||||
Valid |
Sereno, Wilson & Conrad |
A ceratosaur; new genus for |
||||||
Valid |
Harris & Dodson |
|||||||
Valid |
Novas, Cambiaso, & Ambrosio |
Pari Aike Formation | ![]() |
![]() | ||||
Valid |
Allain et al |
![]() |
||||||
Valid |
Leal, Azevedo, |
Caturrita Formation | ![]() |
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Other archosauromorphs
Name | Status | Authors Location | Notes | Images | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Crosbysaurus[43] | Valid non-dinosaurian taxon. | ![]() |
|||
Protecovasaurus[44] | Valid non-dinosaurian taxon. |
|
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Newly named birds
Name | Status | Novelty | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981, the type species of Aberratiodontus Gong, Hou & Wang, 2004. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Anseranatidae, the type species of Anserpica Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney, 2004. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
A Psittacidae, the type species of Bavaripsitta Mayr & Göhlich, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Phalacrocoracidae, the type species of Borvocarbo Mourer-Chauviré, Berthet & Hugueney, 2004. |
||||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early Oligocene |
A Gaviidae, not certain a species of Colymboides Milne-Edwards, 1868. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Oligocene |
A Trochilidae, the type species of Eurotrochilus Mayr, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
|
An Ornithurae, the type species of Iaceornis Clarke, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enantiornithes, Euenantiornithes, the type species of Longirostravis Hou, Chiappe, Zhang et Chuong, 2004. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Quaternary |
A Turdidae, the type species of Meridiocichla Louchart, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Middle Meothis |
A Corvidae, the type species of Miopica Kurochkin & Sobolev, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
A Scolopacidae, the type species of Mirolia Ballmann, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
A Scolopacidae. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
A Scolopacidae, not certain to belong in Mirolia Ballmann, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Miocene |
A Scolopacidae. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Eocene |
A Primobucconidae Feduccia et Martin, 1976. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Middle Eocene |
A Primobucconidae Feduccia et Martin, 1976. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Early Pliocene |
A Sulidae, the type species of Ramphastosula Stucchi & Urbina, 2004. |
|||||
Valid |
Sp. nov. |
Early-Middle Pleistocene |
A Tytonidae. |
|||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
An Enentiornithes Walker, 1981, this is the type species of the new genus, most probably a junior synonym of Hebeiornis fengningensis Yan, 1999. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
A Rallidae, the type species of Vitirallus Worthy, 2004. |
||||||
Valid |
Gen. nov. et Sp. nov. |
Late Pleistocene or Early Holocene |
A Cathartidae, the type species of Wingegyps Alvarenga & Olson, 2004. |
Plesiosaurs
New taxa
|
|
Pterosaurs
New taxa
|
|
Synapsids
Non-mammalian
Name | Status | Authors | Discovery year | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Valid |
|
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Valid |
|
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Valid |
|
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Valid |
|
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Valid |
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References
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{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b Smith, S.Y.; Currah, R.S.; Stockey, R.A. (2004). "Cretaceous and Eocene poroid hymenophores from Vancouver Island, British Columbia". Mycologia. 96 (1): 180–186. doi:10.2307/3762001. JSTOR 3762001. PMID 21148842.
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: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) - ^ DeVore, M.L.; Moore, S.M.; Pigg, K.B.; Wehr, W.C. (2004). "Fossil Neviusia leaves (Rosaceae: Kerrieae) from the Lower Middle Eocene of Southern British Columbia". Rhodora. 12 (927): 197–209. JSTOR 23314752.
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- ^ Bosselaers, J. (2004). "A new Garcorops species from Madagascar copal (Araneae: Selenopidae)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 445: 1–7.
- ^ a b Dlussky, G. M.; Brothers, D. J.; Rasnitsyn, A. P. (2004). "The first Late Cretaceous ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) from southern Africa, with comments on the origin of the Myrmicinae". Insect Systematics and Evolution. 35: 1–13. doi:10.1163/187631204788964727.
- ^ a b c Koteja, J (2004). "Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) from cretaceous Myanmar (Burmese) amber". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 2 (2): 109–114. doi:10.1017/S1477201904001166. – via Taylor & Francis (subscription required)
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{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ Nel, A.; Perrault, G.; Perrichot, V.; Néradeau, D. (2004). "The oldest ant in the lower cretaceous amber of Charente-maritime (SW France) (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Formicidae)". Geologica Acta. 2 (1): 23–29.
- ^ Archibald, S.B.; Makarkin, V.N. (2004). "New genus of minute Berothidae (Neuroptera) from Early Eocene amber of British Columbia" (PDF). The Canadian Entomologist. 136: 61–76. doi:10.4039/n03-043. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-08-18. Retrieved 2010-04-09.
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suggested) (help) - ^ Poinar, G. O. Jr. (2004). "Palaeomyia burmitis (Diptera: Phlebotomidae), a new genus and species of Cretaceous sand flies with evidence of blood-sucking habits". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington. 106: 598–605.
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- ^ a b c Schultze, Hans-Peter; Märss, Tiiu (2004). "Revisiting Lophosteus, a primitive osteichthyan" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 57–78.
- ^ Elliott, David K.; Mark-Kurik, Elga; Daeschler, Edward B. (2004). "A revision of Obruchevia (Psammosteida: Heterostraci) and a description of a new obrucheviid from the Late Devonian of the Canadian Arctic" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 22–45.
- ^ Žigaitė, Živilė (2004). "A new thelodont from Lower Silurian of Tuva and north-west Mongolia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 158–165.
- ^ Miller, C. Giles; Märss, Tiiu; Blom, Henning (2004). "New anaspid material from the Late Silurian of Britain and Estonia" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 46–56.
- ^ Lebedev, Oleg A. (2004). "A new tetrapod Jakubsonia livnensis from the Early Famennian (Devonian) of Russia and palaeoecological remarks on the Late Devonian tetrapod habitats" (PDF). Acta Universitatis Latviensis. Earth and Environment Sciences. 679: 79–98.
- ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- ^ Currie, P.J. and D.J. Varricchio. 2004. A new dromaeosaurid from the Horseshoe Canyon Formation (Upper Cretaceous) of Alberta, Canada. In: Feathered Dragons: Studies on the Transition from Dinosaurs to Birds (P.J. Currie, E.B. Koppelhus, M.A. Shugar, and J.L. Wright, eds.). Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IA: pp. 112-132.
- ^ Parish, J.; Barrett, P.M. (2004). "A reappraisal of the ornithischian dinosaur Amtosaurus magnus Kurzanov and Tumanova 1978, with comments of the status of A. archibaldi Averianov 2002". Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences. 41 (3): 299–306. Bibcode:2004CaJES..41..299P. doi:10.1139/e03-101.
- ^ Martinelli, A.G. (2004). "Late Cretaceous vertebrates from Bajo de Santa Rosa (Allen Formation), Rio Negro province, Argentina, with the description of a new sauropod dinosaur (Titanosauridae)". Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales Nueva Serie. 6 (2): 257–305.
- ^ Apestegua, S. (2004). ""Bonitasaura salgadoi" gen. et sp. nov.: a beaked sauropod from the Late Cretaceous of Patagonia". Naturwissenschaften. 91 (10): 493–497. Bibcode:2004NW.....91..493A. doi:10.1007/s00114-004-0560-6. PMID 15729763.
- ^ You, H.; Ji, Q.; Lamanna, M.C.; Li, J. (2004). "A titanosaurian sauropod dinosaur with opisthocoelous caudal vertebrae from the Early Late Cretaceous of Liaoning Province, China". Acta Geologica Sinica. 78 (4): 907–911. doi:10.1111/j.1755-6724.2004.tb00212.x.
- ^ Xu, X.; Norell, M.A.; Kuang, X.; Wang, X.; Zhao, Q.; Jia, C. (2004). "Basal tyrannosauroids from China and evidence for protofeathers in tyrannosauroids". Nature. 431 (7009): 680–684. Bibcode:2004Natur.431..680X. doi:10.1038/nature02855. PMID 15470426.
- ^ Calvo, J.O.; Rubilar-Roger, D.; Moreno, K. (2004). "A new Abelisauridae (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from northwest Patagonia". Ameghiniana (Rev. Asoc.Paleontol. Argent.). 41 (4): 555–563.
- ^ Xu, X.; Wang, X.-L. (2004). "A New Dromaeosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 42 (2): 11–119. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2004.02.002.
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- ^ Salgado, L.; Garrido, A.; Cocca, S.E.; Cocca, J.R. (2004). "Lower Cretaceous rebbachisaurid sauropods from Cerro Aguada del Leon (Lohan Cura Formation), Neuquen Province, northwestern Patagonia, Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 24 (4): 903–912. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2004)024[0903:LCRSFC]2.0.CO;2.
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- ^ a b Sereno, P.C., J.A. Wilson, and J.L. Conrad. 2004. New dinosaurs link southern landmasses in the Mid-Cretaceous. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London (Series B) published online: pages 1-6.
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- ^ a b Cécile Mourer-Chauviré; Didier Berthet; Marguerite Hugueney (2004). "The Late Oligocene of the Créchy Quarry (Allier, France), with a Description of Two New Genera (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae, and Anseriformes: Anseranatidae)". Senckenbergiana lethaea. 84 (1–2): 303–315. doi:10.1007/bf03043473.
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- ^ Gerald Mayr (2004). "A Partial Skeleton of a New Fossil Loon (Aves, Gaviiformes) from the Early Oligocene of Germany with Preserved Stomach Content" (PDF). Journal of Ornithology. 145 (4): 281–286. doi:10.1007/s10336-004-0050-9.
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- ^ Julia A. Clarke (2004). "Morphology, Phylogenetic Taxonomy, and Systematics of Ichthyornis and Apatornis (Avialae: Ornithurae)" (PDF). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History. 286: 1–179. doi:10.1206/0003-0090(2004)286<0001:mptaso>2.0.co;2.
- ^ Hou Lianhai; Luis M. Chiappe; Zhang Fucheng; Chuong Cheng-Ming (2004). "New Early Cretaceous Fossil from China Documents a Novel Trophic Specialization for Mesozoic Birds". Naturwissenschaften. 91: 22–25. Bibcode:2004NW.....91...22H. doi:10.1007/s00114-003-0489-1. PMC 4382005. PMID 14740099.
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