List of the United States treaties
This is a list of treaties to which the United States has been a party or which have had direct relevance to U.S. history.
This is an incomplete list. For an official list, updated at least, annually, of U.S. treaties and international agreements currently in force (i.e., excluding those, some of which are included on this page, that are no longer in force, and that are signed but not ratified or otherwise have not yet entered into force), divided between (1) bilateral treaties organized by state and then by topic, and (2) multilateral treaties organized by topic, see the annual State Department publication Treaties in Force.
Pre-Revolutionary War treaties
Before the United States Declaration of Independence in 1776, the sovereign of the United Kingdom and the leaders of various North American colonies negotiated treaties that affected the territory of what would later become the USA.
- 1646 – Treaty of 1646[1]
- 1677 – Treaty of 1677[2]
- 1701 – Nanfan Treaty
- 1722 – Great Treaty of 1722[3]
- 1726 – Deed in Trust from Three of the Five Nations of Indians to the Chancellor[4]
- 1744 – Treaty of Lancaster
- 1752 – Treaty of Logstown
- 1754 – Treaty of Albany
- 1758 – Treaty of Easton
- 1760 – Treaty of Pittsburgh
- 1763 – Treaty of Paris
- 1768 – Treaty of Hard Labour
- 1768 – Treaty of Fort Stanwix
- 1770 – Treaty of Lochaber
- 1774 – Treaty of Camp Charlotte
U.S. international treaties
These are treaties that the United States has made with other sovereign international states. This is mostly to distinguish them from the next category. Under the treaty clause of the United States Constitution, treaties come into effect upon final ratification by the President of the United States, provided that a two-thirds majority of the United States Senate concurs.[5]
1776–1799
- 1776 – Model Treaty passed by the Continental Congress becomes the template for its future international treaties[6]
- 1776 – Treaty of Watertown - a military treaty between the newly formed United States and the St. John's and Mi'kmaq First Nations of Nova Scotia, two peoples of the Wabanaki Confederacy.
- 1778 – Treaty of Alliance – American Revolutionary War alliance with the Kingdom of France
- 1778 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – France)
- 1782 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce[7][8] – with Dutch Republic
- 1783 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States – Sweden)[9] – with Sweden
- 1783 – Second Treaty of Paris Ended the American Revolutionary War
- 1785 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (Prussia–United States)[10] – with Prussia
- 1786 – Moroccan–American Treaty of Friendship – Morocco — first Sovereign state to recognize the U.S; oldest unbroken U.S. treaty
- – trade treaty with Spain (not ratified)
- 1794 – Jay Treaty AKA Treaty of London – attempts to settle post-Revolution disputes with Great Britain. Provided the British Army to evacuate the Northwest Territory and to provide most favoured nation status between Britaiin and America in exchange for international arbitration of the U.S.-Canada border and wartime debts. Opposed by Jeffersonian Republicans.
- 1795 – Treaty of Greenville – Ended the Northwest Indian War and opened most of Ohio to white settlement
- 1795 – Treaty with Algeria
- 1795 – Pinckney's Treaty AKA Treaty of Madrid, Treaty of San Lorenzo – defines boundaries of U.S. with Spanish colonies
- 1796 – Treaty with Tripoli – tribute payments to Tripoli to protect Americans from seizure and ransom
- 1797 – Treaty with Tunis – increases tribute payments to Tripoli
1800–1849
- 1800 – Convention of 1800 (Treaty of Mortefontaine) – Ends the Quasi War between France and the U.S.
- 1803 - Louisiana Purchase Treaty - Acquire Louisiana Territory from the French First Republic.
- 1805 – Treaty with Tripoli[11] – Secured release of Americans being held in Tripoli, proclaimed peace and amity, and ended the First Barbary War.
- 1814 – Treaty of Ghent – Ends the War of 1812 between the U.S. and Great Britain, returning the two countries to the status quo ante bellum.
- 1815 – Commercial treaty with Great Britain – Established free trade between the United States, England, and much of the British Empire (Ireland was among the areas excluded)[12][13][14]
- 1817 – Rush–Bagot Treaty – The United States and Great Britain agree to demilitarize the Great Lakes.
- 1818 – Treaty of 1818 – resolved boundary issues between U.S. and Great Britain and demilitarized the border.
- 1819 – Adams–Onís Treaty – purchase of Florida from the Spanish Empire and established the border with New Spain.
- 1824 – Russo-American Treaty – gave Russian claims on land off the Northwest Pacific coast of North America (north of the Oregon Country)
- 1824 – Anderson–Gual Treaty – between U.S. and Gran Colombia; first bilateral treaty with another American country
- 1828 – Treaty of Limits – between Mexico and the U.S.; confirms the boundary agreed to with Spain in the Adams–Onís Treaty.
- 1830 – Treaty with the Ottoman Porte[15][16] Also see Capitulations of the Ottoman Empire
- 1831 – Franco-American Treaty of 1831 - France agreed to pay reparations of 25 million francs for damage to American shipping during the Napoleonic Wars[17] (ratified in 1835 under Victor de Broglie's government – see July Monarchy)
- 1833 – Siamese–American Treaty of Amity and Commerce – a commercial treaty between the Kingdom of Siam and the United States, first treaty with an East Asian nation
- 1833 – Treaty with Muscat[18]
- 1842 – Webster–Ashburton Treaty – ended the Aroostook War and settles boundary disputes between the U.S. and Canada
- 1844 - Treaty of Wanghia - between China and the U.S.; established five U.S. treaty ports in China with extraterritoriality
- 1846 – Mallarino–Bidlack Treaty with the Republic of New Granada (Colombia)
- 1846 – Oregon Treaty – brought an end to the Oregon boundary dispute by settling competing American and British claims to the Oregon Country
- 1847 – Treaty of Cahuenga – ends the Mexican–American War in Alta California
- 1848 – Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo – fully ends the Mexican–American War; sets the Rio Grande as the boundary between Mexico and Texas and cedes much of northern Mexico to the United States.
- 1849 – Hawaiian–American Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation – Treaty between the Hawaiian Kingdom and the United States
1850–1899
- 1850 – Clayton–Bulwer Treaty – U.S. and United Kingdom agree not to colonize Central America
- 1851 - Treaty of Fart Laramie (1851) - with the Cheyenne, Sioux, Arapaho, Crow, Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nations
- 1851 - California Indian Reservations and Cessions - 18 lost treaties of California
- 1854 – Convention of Kanagawa – forcibly opens Japan to American trade
- 1855 – Canadian–American Reciprocity Treaty – with Canada on trade and tariffs
- 1855 - Treaty of Detroit (1855) - U. S. and Ottawa and Chippewa Nations of Indians which severed the link between the two Native American groups for further treaty negotiations and prepared the way for allotment of tribal land to individuals.
- 1857 – American treaty is kept with france- Treaty between American and Russia
- 1858 – Treaty of Amity and Commerce (United States–Japan), also known as Harris Treaty – forces the opening of treaty ports on Japan
- 1858 - Treaty of Tientsin - with China after the Second Opium War; established peace, amity, and commerce
- 1862 – Ottoman-American Treaty of Commerce and Navigation[16]
- 1864 – First Geneva Convention – established rules for the treatment of battlefield casualties and sick and wounded combatants
- 1867 – Alaska Purchase – U.S. buys Alaska from Russia
- 1868 – Burlingame Treaty – with China; established improved relations
- 1868 – Naturalization Convention – with North German Confederation; first recognition by a European power of the legal right of its subjects to become American citizens
- 1868 – Naturalization Convention – with Belgium
- 1868 - Treaty of Bosque Redondo - With the Navajo ending the Navajo Wars
- 1868 - Treaty of Fort Laramie - with the Sioux and Arapaho ending Red Cloud's War.
- 1869 – Naturalization Convention – with Sweden and Norway.
- 1870 – Naturalization Convention – with United Kingdom
- 1871 – Treaty of Washington – settles grievances between the U.S. and Canada including the Alabama Claims
- 1872 – Naturalization Convention – with Denmark
- 1883 – Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property – intellectual property systems, including patents, of any contracting state become accessible to the nationals of other states party to the Convention
- 1886 – Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works (ratified by U.S. in 1989)
- 1898 – Sixth Treaty of Paris – ends the Spanish–American War
- 1899 – Hague Conventions – one of the first formal statements of the laws of war
1900–1949
- 1900 – Treaty between Spain and the United States for Cession of Outlying Islands of the Philippines. Concluded November 7, 1900; ratification advised by Senate January 22, 1901 .. ratified by the President January 30, 1901; ratifications exchanged March 23, 1901; proclaimed March 23, 1901.
- 1901 – Hay–Pauncefote Treaty – nullified Clayton–Bulwer Treaty in exchange for free access to build a canal across Central America
- 1901 – Boxer Protocol AKA Treaty of 1901, Peace Agreement between the Great Powers and China – one of the Unequal Treaties with China
- 1902 – Naturalization Convention – with Haiti
- 1903 – Hay–Herrán Treaty – the U.S. attempt to acquire a lease on Panama from Colombia (not ratified by Colombia)
- 1903 – Hay–Bunau-Varilla Treaty – establishes the Panama Canal Zone
- 1903 – Cuban–American Treaty of Relations (1903) – completed lease on
- 1905 – Treaty of Portsmouth – ends Russo-Japanese War; negotiated by President Theodore Roosevelt
- 1905 – Taft–Katsura Agreement – Japan and U.S. agree on spheres of influence in Asia
- 1906 – Second Geneva Convention – treatment of wounded, sick and shipwrecked members of armed forces at sea
- 1906 – Inter-American Convention Establishing the Status of Naturalized Citizens Who Again Take Up Residence in the Country of Their Origin
- 1907 – Gentlemen's Agreement – limiting Japanese immigration to the U.S.
- 1907 – Naturalization Convention – with Peru
- 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Portugal
- 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with El Salvador
- 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Honduras
- 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Nicaragua
- 1908 – Naturalization Convention – with Uruguay
- 1909 – Boundary Waters Treaty – regulates water quantity and water quality along the boundary between Canada and the United States.
- 1911 – Naturalization Convention – with Costa Rica
- 1911 – North Pacific Fur Seal Convention of 1911 – first international treaty for wildlife preservation
- 1912 – International Opium Convention – first international drug control treaty
- 1916 – Treaty of the Danish West Indies – U.S. purchase of the Danish West Indies, renaming them the United States Virgin Islands
- 1917 – Lansing–Ishii Agreement – trade treaty between the U.S. and Japan
- 1918 – Migratory Bird Treaty – Environment treaty with the United Kingdom representing Canada, to protect birds which migrate between Canada and the U.S.
- 1919 - Treaty of Versailles, 1919 - ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers and established the League of Nations. Ultimately not ratified by the U.S. Senate.
- 1920 – Svalbard Treaty – recognizes Norwegian sovereignty over Svalbard and regulates its open access, economic activities, environmental protection, taxation and demilitarization
- 1921 – U.S.–Austrian Peace Treaty (1921) – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Austria[19]
- 1921 – Treaty of Berlin – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Germany
- 1921 – U.S.–Hungarian Peace Treaty (1921) – separate World War I peace agreement between United States and Hungary[20]
- 1922 – Washington Naval Treaty – limits the naval armaments race, supplement to restrict submarine warfare and ban chemical warfare was rejected by France.
- 1923 – Treaty of Lausanne – sets the boundaries of the modern Republic of Turkey
- 1925 – Anglo-American Convention – American acceptance of the provisions of the Mandate for Palestine and supervision of British performance as mandatory of the Mandate for Palestine.
- 1925 – Hay-Quesada Treaty – America accepts Cuban ownership of Isle of Pines.
- 1928 – Kellogg–Briand Pact – calls "for the renunciation of war as an instrument of national policy"
- 1929 – Geneva Convention on Prisoners of War – establishes rules for the treatment of prisoners of war
- 1930 – London Naval Treaty – regulates submarine warfare and shipbuilding
- 1930 – Convention Between the United States and Great Britain – Definitely delimits the boundary between North Borneo (then a British protectorate) and the Philippine archipelago (then a U.S. Territory)
- 1934 – Treaty of Relations – agreements between United States and Cuba[21] s:United States – Cuban Agreements and Treaty of 1934
- 1937 – Treaty Defining Liability for Military Service, etc. – with Lithuania
- 1943 - Sino-American Treaty for the Relinquishment of Extraterritorial Rights in China - relinquished previous U.S. rights to extraterritoriality in China
- 1944 – Bretton Woods Agreement – establishes the rules for commercial and financial relations among the major industrial states
- 1945 – UN Charter – establishes the United Nations
- 1946 – Bermuda Agreement – bilateral treaty on Civil Aviation between U.S. and United Kingdom
- 1946 – Treaty of Manila (1946) – United States recognizes independence of the Republic of the Philippines
- 1947 – General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) – establishes rules for international trade
- 1947 – Paris Peace Treaties, 1947 – establishes peace in Europe after World War II.
- 1947 – Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty) – Western Hemisphere mutual defense
- 1947 – Convention on International Civil Aviation AKA Chicago Convention – establishes International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO)
- 1949 – North Atlantic Treaty (Treaty of Washington) – establishes NATO mutual defense organization
- 1949 – Fourth Geneva Convention – establishes rules for the protection of civilians during times of war
- 1949 – Treaty of Friendship, Commerce and Navigation between the United States of America and the Republic of China – establishes amiable relations between the U.S. and China.
1950–1999
- 1951 – Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide – (with U.S. qualifications)
- 1951 – Treaty of San Francisco – a peace treaty between the Allied Powers and Japan; ends the Pacific conflict of World War II
- 1951 – Mutual Defense Treaty – alliance between the Republic of the Philippines and the United States of America
- 1951 – Treaty of Security between the United States and Japan (updated 1960)
- 1952 – ANZUS Treaty – mutual defense alliance between Australia, New Zealand, and the United States
- 1953 – Mutual Defense Treaty – Created an alliance with South Korea, and established the basis of South Korean adherence with U.S. government consultations on North Korean policy
- 1954 – U.S. and Japan Mutual Defense Assistance Agreement
- 1954 – Southeast Asia Collective Defense Treaty – creates SEATO mutual defense organization
- 1954 – Sino-American Mutual Defense Treaty – alliance between the United States and Taiwan
- 1955 – Central Treaty Organization AKA CENTO, the Middle East Treaty Organization (METO), Baghdad Pact – creates CENTO mutual defense organization
- 1955 – The Open Skies Treaty – allow access to other nations' military activities by means of aerial surveillance flights
- 1955 – Treaty of Amity, Economic Relations and Consular Rights (United States–Iran) – provided friendly diplomatic relations between the United States and Pahlavi Iran.
- 1956 – Dutch-American Friendship Treaty
- 1957 – International Atomic Energy Treaty (US PL 85-177)
- 1958 – 1958 US-UK Mutual Defence Agreement – commenced the "Special Relationship" with the United Kingdom
- 1960 – Treaty of Mutual Cooperation and Security between the United States and Japan – mutual defense treaty with Japan
- 1961 – Arms Control and Disarmament Agency (US PL 87-297)
- 1961 – Antarctic Treaty – governs international relations in Antarctica
- 1961 – Columbia River Treaty (ratified in 1964) – with Canada to manage water in the Columbia River valley
- 1961 – Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations – specifies diplomatic immunity
- 1961 – Alliance for Progress – economic cooperation treaty with Latin America
- 1961 – Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs
- 1962 – Nassau Agreement – defense treaty with United Kingdom
- 1962 - Joint Declaration on Commercial Relations (with the European Economic Community, signed March 7, 1962)
- 1963 – Vienna Convention on Consular Relations – treaty on consular protocol
- 1963 – Vienna Convention on Civil Liability for Nuclear Damage – provides liability in the case of a nuclear accident
- 1963 – Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty – Prohibited nuclear weapons testing except for underground tests.
- 1966 – Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations (Thailand–United States) – commercial treaty with the Kingdom of Thailand
- 1966 - International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination – treaty prohibiting racial discrimination.
- 1967 – Outer Space Treaty – Basis for space law. Prohibits use of weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear weapons, in space
- 1968 – Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty – Prohibits signatories from acquiring nuclear weapons and commits nuclear-armed states to nuclear disarmament.
- 1968 - Protocol Relating to the Status of Refugees
- 1969 – Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties – provides rules on making international treaties.
- 1970 – Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) – Provides unified procedure on patent applications
- 1970 – Boundary Treaty of 1970 – settles U.S. – Mexico border on Rio Grande
- 1971 – Geneva Phonograms Convention – provides copyright protections for audio recordings
- 1971 – Convention on Psychotropic Substances – restricts the import and export of psychotropic drugs.
- 1972 – Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty AKA ABM Treaty (U.S. withdrew in 2002) – limited anti-ballistic missiles
- 1972 – SALT I (Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty) – provided limitations on new intercontinental ballistic missile launchers and submarine-launched ballistic missiles
- 1972 – Biological Weapons Convention – prohibited production of biological weapons
- 1972 – Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (London Convention) (implemented by U.S., but not signed) – regulates waste disposal from vessels at sea
- 1972 – Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement – regulates water quality along the U.S.-Canada border
- 1973 – Paris Peace Accords – with North Vietnam ending the Vietnam War
- 1974 – Threshold Test Ban Treaty – limited nuclear testing to 150 kilotons per year
- 1977 – Torrijos-Carter Treaties – transfer of Panama Canal to Panama
- 1978 – Camp David Accords – peace treaty between Israel and Egypt; negotiated and signed in U.S.
- 1978 – Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement (1978) – regulates water quality along the U.S.-Canada border
- 1979 – SALT II (not ratified by U.S.) – sought to limit production of strategic nuclear weapons
- 1979 – Treaty of Tarawa – recognizes sovereignty of Kiribati over disputed islands
- 1980 – Cook Islands–United States Maritime Boundary Treaty – settles disputed claims and establishes the maritime boundary between American Samoa and the Cook Islands
- 1980 – Treaty of Tokehega – settles disputed claims and establishes the maritime boundary between American Samoa and Tokelau
- 1985 – Plaza Accord – G-5 agreed to devalue the US dollar in relation to the Japanese yen and German Deutsche Mark by intervening in currency markets
- 1986 – Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties between States and International Organizations or Between International Organizations
- 1986 – United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods – regulates contracts on international trade
- 1988 – Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty (INF) – dismantled all short-range and intermediate-range ballistic missiles of the United States and the Soviet Union.
- 1988 – United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances – provides legal mechanisms on enforcement of previous narcotics treaties
- 1988 – United Nations Convention Against Torture – prohibited use of torture and cruel and unusual punishment
- 1989 – Montreal Protocol on Substances That Deplete the Ozone Layer
- 1990 – Treaty on the Final Settlement with Respect to Germany – final World War II peace with Germany and Allies
- 1991 – Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe – Signed by all 16 NATO members and Warsaw Pact nations; ratified by all 16 NATO states, the eight successor states to the USSR that have territory in Europe, and the six former Warsaw Pact nations
- 1991 – START I (Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) – limited amounts of nuclear warheads, ballistic missiles, and strategic bombers between the United States and the Soviet Union
- 1992 – International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ratified with qualifications by U.S. Senate) – commits signatories to respect civil and political rights
- 1992 – United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change – limited carbon emissions
- 1993 – Oslo Accords – between the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israel; negotiated with U.S. involvement
- 1993 – Chemical Weapons Convention – prohibits chemical weapons
- 1993 – START II (ratified by U.S. and Russia) – prohibited intercontinental ballistic missiles with multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles
- 1994 – North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) – removed tariffs and trade barriers between the United States, Mexico, and Canada
- 1994 – Convention on the Limitation Period in the International Sale of Goods – regulated contracts on sales of goods
- 1994 – Kremlin accords – US and USSR missile and nuclear weapons control; ended preprogrammed targeting of strategic nuclear missiles
- 1994 – United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea AKA Law of the Sea, LOS (not ratified by U.S.)
- 1994 – Colorado river dispute – with Mexico on water quality and quantity
- 1995 – Dayton Agreement – ended the Bosnian War and determines the future of Bosnia and Herzegovina; negotiated and signed in U.S.
- 1995 – General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS) – extended multilateral trade to the service sector
- 1996 – WIPO Copyright Treaty – protects computer programs and databases
- 1996 – WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty
- 1996 – Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (signed but not ratified by U.S.) – completely prohibits nuclear weapntesting
- 1997 – Worldwide Chemical Weapons Convention –
- 1998 – Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court ("unsigned" by the U.S.) – established the International Criminal Court
2000–current
- 2000 – Patents Law Treaty (PLT) – (not ratified by U.S.)
- 2001 – Convention on Cybercrime – a highly controversial proposal (U.S. Senate ratified August 2006[22])
- 2001 – Bonn Agreement – provided plans for the reconstruction of Afghanistan after the U.S. invasion.
- 2002 – SORT (Strategic Offensive Reductions Treaty) AKA Moscow Treaty – limits the nuclear arsenals of Russia and the U.S.
- 2004 – International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture AKA "International Seed Treaty" – to assure farmers' access to seeds of the world's food security crops
- 2005 – Dominican Republic-Central America Free Trade Agreement
- 2008 – U.S.–Iraq Status of Forces Agreement – agreed to withdraw U.S. military forces from Iraq by 2011.
- 2010 – New START (The New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty) U.S./Russia Treaty – limits the nuclear arsenal capabilities of Russia and the U.S. while allowing for inspection.
- 2012 – United States–Korea Free Trade Agreement (KORUS FTA)
- 2013 – UN Arms Treaty (U.S./U.N. Treaty) – regulates the international arms trade (signed but not ratified by U.S.)
- 2013 – U.S.–Afghanistan Strategic Partnership Agreement – regulates Afghanistan–United States relations and provided agreement for withdrawal of U.S. forces from the War in Afghanistan.
- 2015 – Paris Agreement – climate change mitigation treaty aiming to keep global temperatures from rising 2 °C above pre-industrial levels
- 2015 – Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action – regulated the Iranian nuclear program to prevent nuclear weapons development.
- 2020 – United States–Mexico–Canada Agreement – trade agreement designed to replace NAFTA
U.S.–Native American treaties
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From 1778 to 1871, the United States government entered into more than 500 treaties with the Native American tribes; all of these treaties have since been violated in some way or outright broken by the US government,[23][24][25][26] while at least one treaty was violated or broken by Native American tribes.[27] However, violations by one party do not nullify the treaties under US law; the treaties still have legal effect today, and Native Americans and First Nations peoples are still fighting for their treaty rights in federal courts and at the United Nations.[24][28]
In addition to treaties, which are ratified by the US Senate and signed by the US President, there were also Acts of Congress and Executive Orders which dealt with land agreements. The U.S. military and representatives of a tribe, or sub unit of a tribe, signed documents which were understood at the time to be treaties, rather than armistices, ceasefires and truces.
- The entries from 1784 to 1895 were initially created by information gathered by Charles C. Royce[29] and published in the U.S. Serial Set,[30] Number 4015, 56th Congress, 1st Session, in 1899. The purpose of the Schedule of Indian Land Cessions was to indicate the location of each cession by or reservation for the Indian Tribes. Royce's column headings are titled: "Date, Where or how concluded, Reference, Tribe, Description of cession or reservation, historical data and remarks, Designation of cession on map, Number, Location".[31]
1778–1799
1800–1809
1810–1819
1820–1829
1830–1839
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2009) |
Year | Date |
Treaty Name |
Alternative Treaty Name |
Statutes | Land Cession Reference (Royce Area) |
Tribe(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1830 | July 15 | Fourth Treaty of Prairie du Chien | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes, etc., Fourth Treaty of Prairie du Chien | 7 Stat. 328 | 151 | Sac and Fox, the Mdewakanton, Wahpekute, Wahpeton and Sisiton Sioux, Omaha, Ioway, Otoe and Missouria |
1830 | September 27 | Treaty of Dancing Rabbit Creek | Treaty with the Choctaw | 7 Stat. 333 | Choctaw | |
1830 | August 31 | Treaty of Franklin | Treaty with the Chickasaw | N/A | Chickasaw | |
1830 | September 1 | Supplement to the Treaty of Franklin | Supplemental Treaty with the Chickasaw | N/A | Chickasaw | |
1831 | February 8 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Menominee | 7 Stat. 342 | Menomini | |
1831 | February 17 | Supplement to the Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Menominee | 7 Stat. 346 | Menomini | |
1831 | February 28 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Seneca | 7 Stat. 348 | Seneca nation | |
1831 | July 20 | Treaty of Lewistown | Treaty with the Seneca, etc. | 7 Stat. 351 | Seneca nation, Shawnee | |
1831 | August 8 | Treaty of Wapakoneta | Treaty with the Shawnee | 7 Stat. 355 | Shawnee | |
1831 | August 30 | Treaty of Miami Bay | Treaty with the Ottawa | 7 Stat. 359 | Ottawa | |
1832 | January 19 | Treaty with the Wyandot | 7 Stat. 364 | Wyandot | ||
1832 | March 24 | Treaty of Cusseta | Treaty with the Creeks | 7 Stat. 366 | Creek | |
1832 | May 9 | Treaty of Payne's Landing | Treaty with the Seminole | 7 Stat. 368 | Seminole | |
1832 | September 15 | Treaty with the Winnebago | 7 Stat. 370 | Winnebago | ||
1832 | September 21 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 7 Stat. 374 | Sac and Fox | ||
1832 | October 11 | Treaty with the Appalachicola Band | 7 Stat. 377 | |||
1832 | October 20 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 378 | Potawatomi | ||
1832 | October 20 | Treaty with the Chickasaw | 7 Stat. 381 | Chickasaw | ||
1832 | October 22 | Treaty with the Chickasaw | 7 Stat. 388 | Chickasaw | ||
1832 | October 24 | Treaty with the Kickapoo | 7 Stat. 391 | Kickapoo | ||
1832 | October 26 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 394 | Potawatomi | ||
1832 | October 26 | Treaty with the Shawnee, etc. | 7 Stat. 397 | |||
1832 | October 27 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 399 | Potawatomi | ||
1832 | October 27 | Treaty with the Kaskaskia, etc. | 7 Stat. 403 | |||
1832 | October 27 | Treaty with the Menominee | 7 Stat. 405 | Menominee | ||
1832 | October 29 | Treaty with the Piankashaw and Wea | 7 Stat. 410 | Piankasaw and Wea | ||
1832 | December 29 | Treaty with the Seneca and Shawnee | 7 Stat. 411 | Seneca and Shawnee | ||
1833 | February 14 | Treaty with the Western Cherokee | 7 Stat. 414 | Western Cherokee | ||
1833 | February 14 | Treaty with the Creeks | 7 Stat. 417 | Creek | ||
1833 | February 18 | Treaty with the Ottawa | 7 Stat. 420 | Ottawa | ||
1833 | March 28 | Treaty with the Seminole | 7 Stat. 423 | Seminole | ||
1833 | May 13 | Treaty with the Quapaw | 7 Stat. 424 | Quapaw | ||
1833 | June 18 | Treaty with the Appalachicola Band | 7 Stat. 427 | |||
1833 | September 21 | Treaty with the Oto and Missouri | 7 Stat. 429 | Oto and Missouri | ||
1833 | September 26 | Treaty of Chicago | Treaty with the Chippewa, etc. | 7 Stat. 431 | Ottawa, Ojibwe and Potawatomi | |
1833 | October 9 | Treaty with the Pawnee | 7 Stat. 448 | Pawnee | ||
1834 | May 24 | Treaty with the Chickasaw | 7 Stat. 450 | Chickasaw | ||
1834 | October 23 | Treaty with the Miami | 7 Stat. 458 | Miami | ||
1834 | December 4 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 467 | Potawatomi | ||
1834 | December 10 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 467 | Potawatomi | ||
1834 | December 16 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 468 | Potawatomi | ||
1834 | December 17 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 469 | Potawatomi | ||
1835 | July 1 | Treaty with the Caddo | 7 Stat. 470 | Caddo | ||
1835 | August 24 | Treaty with the Comanche, etc. | 7 Stat. 474 | |||
1835 | December 29 | Treaty of New Echota | Treaty with the Cherokee | 7 Stat. 478 | Cherokee | |
1835 | March 14 | Treaty of Washington | Agreement with the Cherokee | N/A | Cherokee | |
1836 | March 26 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 490 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | March 28 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Ottawa, etc. | 7 Stat. 491 | Ottawa and Ojibwe | |
1836 | March 29 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 498 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | April 11 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 499 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | April 22 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 500 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | April 22 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 501 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | April 23 | Treaty with the Wyandot | 7 Stat. 502 | Wyandot | ||
1836 | May 9 | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 503 | Chippewa | ||
1836 | August 5 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 505 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | September 3 | Treaty with the Menominee | 7 Stat. 506 | Menominee | ||
1836 | September 10 | Treaty with the Sioux | 7 Stat. 510 | Sioux | ||
1836 | September 17 | Treaty with the Iowa, etc. | 7 Stat. 511 | |||
1836 | September 20 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 513 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | September 22 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 514 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | September 23 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 515 | Potawatomi | ||
1836 | September 27 | Treaty with the Sauk and Fox Tribe | 7 Stat. 516 | Sac and Fox | ||
1836 | September 28 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 7 Stat. 517 | Sac and Fox | ||
1836 | September 28 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 7 Stat. 520 | Sac and Fox | ||
1836 | October 15 | Treaty with the Oto, etc. | 7 Stat. 524 | |||
1836 | November 30 | Treaty with the Sioux | 7 Stat. 527 | Sioux | ||
1837 | January 14 | Treaty of Detroit | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 528 | Chippewa | |
1837 | January 17 | Treaty of Doaksville | Treaty with the Choctaw and Chickasaw | 11 Stat. 573 | Choctaw and Chickasaw | |
1837 | February 11 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 7 Stat. 532 | Potawatomi | ||
1837 | May 26 | Treaty with the Kiowa, etc. | 7 Stat. 533 | |||
1837 | July 29 | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 536 | Chippewa | ||
1837 | September 29 | Treaty with the Sioux | 7 Stat. 538 | Sioux | ||
1837 | October 21 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 7 Stat. 540 | Sac and Fox | ||
1837 | October 21 | Treaty with the Yankton Sioux | 7 Stat. 542 | Yankton Sioux | ||
1837 | October 21 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 7 Stat. 543 | Sac and Fox | ||
1837 | November 1 | Treaty with the Winnebago | 7 Stat. 544 | Winnebago | ||
1837 | November 23 | Treaty with the Iowa | 7 Stat. 547 | Iowa | ||
1837 | December 20 | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 547 | Chippewa | ||
1838 | January 15 | Treaty of Buffalo Creek | Treaty with the New York Indians | 7 Stat. 550 | Seneca, Mohwak, Cayuga, Oneida, Onondaga, Tuscarora | |
1838 | January 23 | Treaty of Saginaw | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 565 | Chippewa | |
1838 | February 3 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Oneida | 7 Stat. 566 | Oneida | |
1838 | October 19 | Treaty of Great Nemowhaw | Treaty with the Iowa | 7 Stat. 568 | Iowa | |
1838 | November 6 | Treaty of Wabash Forks | Treaty with the Miami | 7 Stat. 569 | Miami | |
1838 | November 23 | Treaty of Fort Gibson | Treaty with the Creeks | 7 Stat. 574 11 Stat. 599 |
Creek | |
1839 | January 11 | Treaty of Fort Gibson | Treaty with the Osage | 7 Stat. 576 | Osage | |
1839 | February 7 | Supplement to the Treaty of Detroit | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 578 | Chippewa | |
1839 | September 3 | Treaty of Stockbridge | Treaty with the Stockbridge and Munsee | 7 Stat. 580 11 Stat. 577 | Stockbridge and Munsee |
1840–1849
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2009) |
Year | Date |
Treaty Name |
Alternative Treaty Name |
Statutes | Land Cession Reference (Royce Area) |
Tribe(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1840 | November 28 | Treaty of the Wabash | Treaty with the Miami | 7 Stat. 582 | Miami | ||
1842 | March 17 | Treaty with the Wyandot | 11 Stat. 557 | Wyandot | |||
1842 | May 20 | Treaty of Buffalo Creek | Treaty with the Seneca | 7 Stat. 586 | Seneca | ||
1842 | October 4 | Treaty of La Pointe | Treaty with the Chippewa | 7 Stat. 591 | Chippewa | ||
1842 | October 11 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 7 Stat. 596 | Sac and Fox | |||
1843 | Agreement with the Delawares and Wyandot | Delaware and Wyandot | |||||
1845 | January 4 | Treaty with the Creeks and Seminole | 9 Stat. 891 | Creek and Seminole | |||
1846 | January 14 | Treaty with the Kansas Tribe | 9 Stat. 842 | ||||
1846 | May 15 | Treaty with the Comanche, Ioni, Aionai, Anadarko, Caddo, etc. | 9 Stat. 844 | ||||
1846 | June 5 & 17 | Treaty with the Potawatomi Nation | 9 Stat. 853 | Potawatomi | |||
1846 | August 6 | Treaty with the Cherokee | 9 Stat. 871 | Cherokee | |||
1846 | October 13 | Treaty with the Winnebago | 9 Stat. 878 | Winnebago | |||
1846 | November 21 | Bear Springs Treaty | not ratified | Navajo people | |||
1847 | August 2 | Treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi and Lake Superior | 9 Stat. 904 | Chippewa | |||
1847 | August 21 | Treaty with the Pillager Band of Chippewa Indians | 9 Stat. 908 | ||||
1848 | August 6 | Treaty of Fort Childs | Treaty with the Pawnee – Grand, Loups, Republicans, etc. | 9 Stat. 949 | Pawnee | ||
1848 | October 18 | Treaty with the Menominee | 9 Stat. 952 | Menominee | |||
1848 | November 24 | Treaty with the Stockbridge Tribe | 9 Stat. 955 | Stockbridge Indians (Mahican) | |||
1849 | September 9 | Treaty with the Navaho | 9 Stat. 974 | Navaho | |||
1849 | December 30 | Treaty of Albuquerque | Treaty with the Utah | 9 Stat. 984 | Ute |
1850–1859
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2009) |
Year | Date |
Treaty Name |
Alternative Treaty Name |
Statutes | Land Cession Reference (Royce Area) |
Tribe(s) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1850 | April 1 | Treaty with the Wyandot | 9 Stat. 987 | Wyandot | |||
1851 | July 23 | Treaty of Traverse des Sioux | Treaty with the Sioux-Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands | Sioux | |||
1851 | August 5 | Treaty of Mendota | Treaty with the Sioux-Mdewakanton and Wahpakoota Bands | Sioux | |||
1851 | September 17 | Treaty of Fort Laramie | Treaty of Fort Laramie with Sioux, etc. | 11 Stat. 749 | Sioux, Cheyenne, Arapaho, Crow, Shoshone, Assiniboine, Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara | ||
1851 | September 20 | Treaty of Pembina | Treaty with the Pembina and Red Lake Chippewa Half Breed Signatories | Not Ratified (32nd-1st-Confidential Ex.Doc.10 1-3) |
Ojibwe, Métis | ||
1852 | Treaty with the Chickasaw | Chickasaw | |||||
1852 | Treaty with the Apache | Apache | |||||
1853 | July 27 | Treaty with the Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache | Comanche, Kiowa, and Apache | ||||
1853 | Agreement with the Rogue River | Not Ratified | Rogue River | ||||
1853 | September 10 | Treaty with the Rogue River, 1853 | Rogue River | ||||
1853 | Treaty with the Umpqua–Cow Creek Band | ||||||
1854 | March 15 | Treaty with the Oto and Missouri | 11 Stat. 605 | Oto and Missouri | |||
1854 | March 16 | Treaty with the Omaha | Omaha | ||||
1854 | May 6 | Treaty with the Delawares | Delaware | ||||
1854 | May 6 | Treaty with the Creeks | Creek | ||||
1854 | May 10 | Treaty with the Shawnee | Shawnee | ||||
1854 | Treaty with the Menominee | Menominee | |||||
1854 | May 17 | Treaty with the Iowa | Iowa | ||||
1854 | May 18 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes of Missouri | Sac and Fox | ||||
1854 | May 18 | Treaty with the Kickapoo | Kickapoo | ||||
1854 | May 30 | Treaty with the Kaskaskia, Peoria, etc. | |||||
1854 | June 5 | Treaty with the Miami | Miami | ||||
1854 | June 13 | Supplementary Treaty with the Creek | 11 Stat. 599 | Creek | |||
1854 | September 30 | Treaty of La Pointe (1854) | Treaty with the Chippewa | 10 Stat. 1109 | 332 | Chippewa | |
1854 | Treaty with the Choctaw and Chickasaw | Choctaw and Chickasaw | |||||
1854 | Treaty with the Rogue River, 1854 | Rogue River | |||||
1854 | November 18 | Treaty with the Chasta, Scoton, Umpqua | |||||
1854 | November 29 | Treaty of Calapooia Creek | Treaty with the Umpqua and Kalapuya | Umpqua and Kalapuya | |||
1854 | December 9 | Treaty with the Confederated Oto and Missouri | Oto and Missouri | ||||
1854 | December 26 | Treaty of Medicine Creek | Treaty with the Nisqualli, Puyallup, etc. | Nisqually, Puyallup and Squaxin Island | |||
1855 | Willamette Valley Treaty of 1855 Treaty of Dayton |
Treaty with the Kalapuya, etc. | |||||
1855 | January 22 | Treaty of Point Elliott | Treaty with the Dwamish, Suquamish, etc., Point Elliott Treaty | 12 Stat. 927 | Duwamish, Suquamish, Snoqualmie, Snohomish, Lummi, Skagit, Swinomish | ||
1855 | January 26 | Treaty with the S'klallam | 12 Stat. 933 | S'klallam | |||
1855 | January 31 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Wyandot | Wyandot | |||
1855 | January 31 | Treaty of Neah Bay | Treaty with the Makah | 12 Stat. 939 | Makah | ||
1855 | February 22 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Chippewa | Ojibwe (Mississippi and Pillager) | |||
1855 | February 27 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Winnebago | Ho-chunk | |||
1855 | June 9 | Treaties of Walla Walla | Treaty with the Wallawalla, Cayuse, etc. | 12 Stat. 945 | Cayuse, Nez Perce, Umatilla, Walla Walla and Yakama | ||
1855 | June 9 | Treaty with the Yakima | 12 Stat. 951 | Yakima | |||
1855 | June 11 | Treaty with the Nez Perces | 12 Stat. 957 | ||||
1855 | June 22 | Treaty of Washington | Treaty with the Choctaw and Chickasaw | 11 Stat. 611 | Choctaw and Chickasaw | ||
1855 | June 25 | Treaty with the Tribes of Middle Oregon | 12 Stat. 963 | ||||
1855 | July 1 | Treaty with the Quinaielt, etc. | 12 Stat. 971 | ||||
1855 | July 16 | Treaty of Hellgate | Treaty with the Flatheads, etc. | 12 Stat. 975 | Bitterroot Salish, Kootenai and Pend d'Oreilles | ||
1855 | July 18 | Merriwether's Agreement with Navajo | 1 Stat. 621 | Navajo | |||
1855 | July 31 | Treaty with the Ottawa and Chippewa | 1 Stat. 621 | Chippewa, Ottawa | |||
1855 | August 2 | Treaty with the Chippewa of Sault Ste. Marie | 11 Stat. 631 | Chippewa | |||
1855 | August 2 | Treaty with the Chippewa of Saginaw, Swan Creek and Black River | 11 Stat. 633 | Chippewa | |||
1855 | October 17 | Treaty with the Blackfeet and other tribes | 11 Stat. 6571 | ||||
1855 | December 21 | Treaty with the Molala | 12 Stat. 981 | Molala | |||
1856 | February 5 | Treaty with the Stockbridge and Munsee | 11 Stat. 668 | Stockbridge and Munsee | |||
1856 | February 11 | Treaty with the Menominee | 11 Stat. 679 | Menominee | |||
1856 | August 7 | Treaty with the Creeks and Seminole | 11 Stat. 699 | Creeks ceded lands to Seminoles, Seminole removal | Creek and Seminole | ||
1857 | September 24 | Treaty with Pawnee, Four Confederated Bands | 11 Stat. 729 | ||||
1857 | November 5 | Treaty with the Seneca, Tonawanda Band | 11 Stat. 73512 Stat. 991 | ||||
1858 | March 12 | Treaty with the Ponca | 12 Stat. 997 | Ponca | |||
1858 | June 19 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Medawakanton and Wahpakoota Bands | 12 Stat. 1023 | ||||
1858 | June 19 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Sisseton and Wahpaton Bands | 12 Stat. 1031 | ||||
1858 | June 19 | Treaty with the Sioux, Medawakanton and Sisseeton Bands | 12 Stat. 1042 | Sioux, Medawakanton, and Sisseeton | |||
1858 | December 25 | Bonneville's Agreement with Navajo | 518, 519 | Navajo | |||
1859 | April 15 | Treaty with the Winnebago | 12 Stat. 1101 | Winnebago | |||
1859 | July 16 | Treaty with the Chippewa, Swan Creek and Black Bands, and Monsee Christian Indians | 12 Stat. 1105 | Chippewa, Swan Creek and Black Bands, and Christian Indians | |||
1859 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | Sac and Fox | |||||
1859 | October 5 | Treaty with the Kansas Tribe | 12 Stat. 1111 |
1860–1869
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2009) |
Year | Date |
Treaty Name |
Alternative Treaty Name |
Statutes | Land Cession Reference (Royce Area) |
Tribe(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1860 | May 30 | Treaty with the Delawares | 12 Stat. 1129 | |||
1861 | February 18 | Treaty with the Arapaho and Cheyenne | 12 Stat. 1163 | |||
1861 | March 6 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes and Iowas. | 12 Stat. 1171 | |||
1861 | July 2 | Treaty with the Delawares | 12 Stat. 1177 | |||
1861 | November 15 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 12 Stat. 1191 | |||
1862 | March 13 | Treaty with the Kansas Indians | 12 Stat. 1221 | |||
1862 | June 24 | Treaty with the Ottawa of Blanchard's Fork and Roche de Boeuf | 12 Stat. 1237 | |||
1862 | June 28 | Treaty with the Kickapoo | 13 Stat. 623 | |||
1863 | March 11 | Treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi and the Pillager and Lake Winnibigoshish Bands | 12 Stat. 1249 | |||
1863 | June 9 | Treaty with the Nez Perce | 14 Stat. 647 | Nez Perce | ||
1863 | Treaty with the Eastern Shoshoni | 18 Stat. 685 | ||||
1863 | July 30 | Treaty with the Shoshoni-Northwestern Bands | 13 Stat. 663 | |||
1863 | Treaty with the Western Shoshoni | 18 Stat. 689 444 | ||||
1863 | October 2 | Supplement to Treaty with the Chippewa-Red Lake and Pembina Bands | 13 Stat. 667 | |||
1863 | October 7 | Treaty with the Utah-Tabeguache Band | 13 Stat. 673 | |||
1863 | Treaty with the Shoshoni-Goship | 13 Stat. 681 | ||||
1864 | April 12 | Supplement to Treaty with the Chippewa—Red Lake and Pembina Bands | 13 Stat. 689 | |||
1864 | May 7 | Treaty with the Chippewa, Mississippi, and Pillager and Lake Winnibigoshish Bands | 13 Stat. 693 | |||
1864 | October 14 | Treaty with the Klamath, etc. | 16 Stat. 707 | |||
1864 | October 18 | Treaty with the Chippewa of Saginaw, Swan Creek, and Black River | 14 Stat. 657 | |||
1865 | March 6 | Treaty with the Omaha | 14 Stat. 667 | |||
1865 | March 8 | Treaty with the Winnebago | 14 Stat. 671 | |||
1865 | March 10 | Supplement to Treaty with the Ponca | 14 Stat. 675 | |||
1865 | August 12 | Treaty with the Snake, Wal Pah Pe Tribe | 14 Stat. 683 | |||
1865 | September 29 | Treaty with the Osage | 14 Stat. 687 | |||
1865 | October 10 | Treaty with the Sioux or Dakota, Miniconjou Band | 14 Stat. 695 | |||
1865 | October 14 | Treaty with the Sioux or Dakota, Lower Brule Band | 14 Stat. 699 | |||
1865 | Agreement with the Cherokee and Other Tribes in the Indian Territory | |||||
1865 | October 14 | Treaty with the Cheyenne and Arapaho | 14 Stat. 703 | |||
1865 | October 17 | Treaty with the Apache, Cheyenne, and Arapaho | 14 Stat. 713 | |||
1865 | October 18 | Treaty with the Comanche and Kiowa | 14 Stat. 717 | |||
1865 | October 19 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Two-Kettle Band | 14 Stat. 723 | |||
1865 | October 19 | Treaty with the Blackfeet Sioux | 14 Stat. 727 | |||
1865 | October 20 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Sans Arc Band | 14 Stat. 731 | |||
1865 | October 20 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Yankpapa Band | 14 Stat. 735 | |||
1865 | October 20 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Onkpahpah Band | 14 Stat. 739 | |||
1865 | October 28 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Upper Yanktonai Band | 14 Stat. 743 | |||
1865 | October 28 | Treaty with the Dakota or Sioux, Oglala Band | 14 Stat. 747 | |||
1865 | November 15 | Supplement to Treaty with the Confederated Tribes and Bands of Middle Oregon | 14 Stat. 751 | |||
1866 | March 21 | Treaty with the Seminole | 14 Stat. 755 | |||
1866 | March 29 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 14 Stat. 763 | |||
1866 | April 7 | Treaty with the Chippewa, Bois Fort Band | 14 Stat. 765 | |||
1866 | April 28 | Treaty with the Choctaw and Chickasaw | 14 Stat. 769 | |||
1866 | June 14 | Treaty with the Creek Nation | 14 Stat. 785 | |||
1866 | July 4 | Treaty with the Delawares | 14 Stat. 793 | |||
1866 | Agreement at Fort Berthold, Appendix | |||||
1866 | July 19 | Treaty with the Cherokee | 14 Stat. 799 | |||
1866 | July 19 | Supplement to Treaty with the Cherokee | 16 Stat. 727 | |||
1867 | February 18 | Treaty with the Sauk and Foxes | 15 Stat. 495 | |||
1867 | February 19 | Treaty with the Sioux—Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands | 15 Stat. 505 | |||
1867 | February 19 | Treaty with the Seneca, Mixed Seneca and Shawnee, Quapaw, etc. | 15 Stat. 513 | |||
1867 | February 27 | Treaty with the Potawatomi | 15 Stat. 531 | |||
1867 | March 19 | Treaty with the Chippewa of the Mississippi | 16 Stat. 719 | |||
1867 | October 21 | Medicine Lodge Treaty | Treaty with the Kiowa and Comanche | 15 Stat. 581 | ||
1867 | July 25 | Treaty with the Kiowa, Comanche, and Apache | 15 Stat. 589 | |||
1867 | October 28 | Treaty with the Cheyenne and Arapaho | 15 Stat. 593 | |||
1868 | March 2 | Treaty with the Ute | 15 Stat. 619 | |||
1868 | April 27 | Treaty with the Cherokee | 16 Stat. 727 | |||
1868 | April 29 | Treaty of Fort Laramie | Treaty with the Sioux—Brule, Oglala, Miniconjou, Yanktonai, Hunkpapa, Blackfeet, Cuthead, Two Kettle, Sans Arcs, and Santee—and Arapaho | 15 Stat. 635 | ||
1868 | May 7 | Treaty with the Crows | 15 Stat. 649 | |||
1868 | May 10 | Treaty with the Northern Cheyenne and Northern Arapaho | 15 Stat. 655 | |||
1868 | June 1 | Treaty of Fort Sumner | Treaty with the Navajo Indians; Navajo Treaty of 1868; Bosque Redondo Treaty; Treaty of Hwéeldi | 15 Stat. 667 | 518, 519 | Navajo |
1868 | July 3 | Treaty with the Eastern Band Shoshoni and Bannock | 15 Stat. 673 | 524,539,540 | ||
1868 | August 13 | Treaty of Lapwai | Treaty with the Nez Perce | 15 Stat. 693 | Nez Perce |
1870–1879
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2009) |
Treaty-making between various Native American governments and the United States officially concluded on March 3, 1871 with the passing of the United States Code Title 25, Chapter 3, Subchapter 1, Section 71 (25 U.S.C. § 71). Pre-existing treaties were grandfathered, and further agreements were made under domestic law.
Year | Date |
Treaty Name |
Alternative Treaty Name |
Statutes | Land Cession Reference (Royce Area) |
Tribe(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1870 | January 31 | Executive Order | N/A | 527, 528 | San Pasqual and Pala Valley Mission Indians | |
1870 | March 30 | Executive Order | N/A | Round Valley Indian Reservation | ||
1870 | April 12 | Executive Order | N/A | 620, 621 | Arikara, Gros Ventre, and Mandan | |
1870 | April 12 | Executive Order | N/A | 529 | Arikara, Gros Ventre, and Mandan | |
1870 | July 15 | Act of Congress | 16 Stat. 359 | 650 | Kickapoo of Texas and Mexico | |
1870 | July 15 | Act of Congress | 16 Stat. 362 | 534 | Great and Little Osage | |
1870 | July 15 | Act of Congress | 16 Stat. 362 | 530 | Great and Little Osage | |
1871 | February 6 | Act of Congress | 16 Stat. 404 | 403 | Stockbridge and Munsee | |
1871 | March 3 | Act of Congress | United States Code Title 25, Chapter 3, Subchapter 1, Section 71 | 16 Stat. 566 | ||
1871 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 16 Stat. 569 | 650 | Kickapoo of Texas and Mexico | |
1871 | March 14 | Executive Order | N/A | 537 | Paiute, Snake, Shoshoni | |
1871 | March 27 | Executive Order | N/A | 534 | Osage | |
1871 | November 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 531 | Southern Apache | |
1871 | November 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 573, 603 | Apache | |
1871 | November 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 541 | Apache | |
1871 | November 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 582 | Apache | |
1871 | December | Memorandum | N/A | Methow, Okanagan, Kootenay, Pend d'Oreille, Colville, North Spokane, San Poeil et al. | ||
1872 | April 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 533 | Methow, Okanagan, et al. | |
1872 | April 23 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 55 | 566 | Ute | |
1872 | May 8 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 85 | Kaw | ||
1872 | May 23 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 159 | 506 | Potawatomi and Absentee Shawnee | |
1872 | May 29 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 190 | Lake Superior Chippewa | ||
1872 | May 29 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 190 | Cheyenne and Arapaho | ||
1872 | June 1 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 213 | 256 | Miami (Meshin-go-mesia's band) | |
1872 | June 5 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 228 | 534 | Great and Little Osage | |
1872 | June 5 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 228 | 535 | Kaw | |
1872 | June 5 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 266 | Flathead | ||
1872 | June 7 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 281 | Sisseton and Wahpeton Sioux | ||
1872 | June 10 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 381 | Ottawa and Chippewa | ||
1872 | June 10 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 388 | Ottawa of Blanchards Fork and Roche de Boeuf | ||
1872 | June 10 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 391 | Omaha, Pawnee, Oto, Missouri, and Sac and Fox of the Missouri | ||
1872 | July 2 | Executive Order | N/A | 533, 536 | Methow, Okanaga, et al. | |
1872 | September 12 | Executive Order | N/A | 537, 638, 646 | Paiute, Snake, and Shoshoni | |
1872 | September 20 | Agreement | Agreement with the Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands of Sioux Indians | Rev. Stat 1050 | 538 | Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands of Sioux |
1872 | September 26 | Agreement | 18 Stat. 291 | 539, 540 | Shoshoni | |
1872 | October 19 | Agreement | N/A | 540A | Wichita and affiliated bands | |
1872 | October 26 | Executive Order | N/A | Makah | ||
1872 | December 14 | Executive Order | N/A | 541, 600 | Apache | |
1872 | December 14 | Executive Order | N/A | Apache | ||
1873 | January 2 | Executive Order | N/A | Makah | ||
1873 | January 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 607 | Tule River, King's River, Owen's River, et al. | |
1873 | February 14 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 456 | 538 | Sisseton and Wahpeton Sioux | |
1873 | February 19 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 466 | 249 | New York Indians | |
1873 | March 1 | Executive Order | N/A | 337 | Lac Courte Oreille Band of Chippewa | |
1873 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 539 | 542 | Pembina Chippewa | |
1873 | March 3 | Act of Congress | Abolish tribal relations | 17 Stat. 631 | 330 | Miami |
1873 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 633 | 543 | Creek and Seminole | |
1873 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 626 | 544, 583 | Round Valley Indian Reservation | |
1873 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 17 Stat. 626 | Crow | ||
1873 | April 8 | Executive Order | N/A | 576 | Paiute, et al. | |
1873 | April 8 | Executive Order | N/A | 583 | Round Valley Indian Reservation | |
1873 | May 2 | Agreement | Amended Agreement with Certain Sioux Indians | 17 Stat. 456; 18 Stat. 167 | Sisseton and Wahpeton Bands of Sioux | |
1873 | May 29 | Executive Order | N/A | 643, 644 | Mescalero Apache | |
1873 | June 16 | Executive Order | N/A | 545 | Nez Perce | |
1873 | July 5 | Executive Order | N/A | 565, 574 | Blackfoot, Gros Ventre, et al. | |
1873 | August 5 | Executive Order | N/A | 546 | Apache | |
1873 | August 16 | Agreement | N/A | 557 | Crow | |
1873 | September 6 | Executive Order | N/A | 405 | Niskwali, et al. | |
1873 | September 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 349 | Dwamish, et al. | |
1873 | September 13 | Agreement | Brunot Treaty[32] | N/A | 566 | Colorado Ute |
1873 | October 3 | Executive Order | N/A | 547, 607 | Tule river, King's river, Owen's river, et al. | |
1873 | October 21 | Executive Order | N/A | 548 | Makah | |
1873 | November 4 | Executive Order | N/A | 549 | Mississippi Chippewa | |
1873 | November 4 | Executive Order | N/A | 550 | Mississippi Chippewa | |
1873 | November 4 | Executive Order | N/A | 372, 551 | Quinaielt, Quillehute, et al. | |
1873 | November 8 | Executive Order | N/A | 552, 553 | Coeur d'Alene, et al. | |
1873 | November 22 | Executive Order | N/A | 554 | Colorado River Indian Reservation | |
1873 | November 22 | Executive Order | N/A | 555 | Dwamish, et al. | |
1873 | December 10 | Executive Order | N/A | 563 | Jicarilla Apache | |
1873 | December 23 | Executive Order | N/A | 351 | Dwamish, et al. | |
1873 | December 31 | Executive Order | N/A | Santee Sioux | ||
1874 | January 31 | Executive Order | N/A | 557 | Crow | |
1874 | February 2 | Executive Order | N/A | 643 | Mescalero Apache | |
1874 | February 12 | Executive Order | N/A | 558, 576 | Paiute, et al. | |
1874 | February 14 | Executive Order | N/A | Odawa and Ojibwe in Michigan | ||
1874 | February 25 | Executive Order | N/A | 559 | Skokomish (S'klallam) | |
1874 | March 19 | Executive Order | N/A | 560 | Paiute | |
1874 | March 23 | Executive Order | N/A | 561, 562 | Paiute | |
1874 | March 25 | Executive Order | N/A | 563 | Apache (Jicarilla bands) | |
1874 | April 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 564 | Muckleshoot Indian Reservation | |
1874 | April 9 | Executive Order | N/A | 588 | Apache | |
1874 | April 15 | Act of Congress | Established reservation | 18 Stat. 28 | 565 | Gros Ventre, Piegan, Blood, Blackfoot, River Crow |
1874 | April 29 | Act of Congress | Agreement of 18 Sept 1873 confirmed | 18 Stat. 36 | 566 | Ute |
1874 | May 26 | Executive Order | N/A | 567, 568 | Pillager Chippewa | |
1874 | June 22 | Act of Congress | Payment for land by 12 Sept 1854 Treaty | 18 Stat. 140 | 569 | L'Anse and Lac Vieux Desert Ojibwe |
1874 | June 22 | Act of Congress | Agreement of 26 Sept 1872 confirmed | 18 Stat. 166 | 539 | Shoshoni |
1874 | June 22 | Act of Congress | 2nd payment re Acts of 1872 & 1873 | 18 Stat. 167 | 538 | Sisseton and Wahpeton Sioux |
1874 | June 22 | Act of Congress | Purchase of Land | 18 Stat. 170 | 570 | From Omaha for Winnegagoes |
1874 | June 22 | Act of Congress | Fund removal, as per Treaty 18 May 1854 | 18 Stat. 156 | Kickapoo of Texas and Mexico | |
1874 | June 23 | Agreement | N/A | 571 | Eastern Shawnee | |
1874 | June 23 | Act of Congress | Sale of lands per 1872 Act | 18 Stat. 272 | Kaw, "Kansas Indian" lands | |
1874 | June 23 | Act of Congress | NA | 18 Stat. 273 not in cite | 572 | Papago |
1874 | June 23 | Act of Congress | NA | 18 Stat. 273 not in cite | New York Indians | |
1874 | July 21 | Executive Order | N/A | 573 | Apache | |
1874 | August 19 | Executive Order | N/A | 574 | Gros Ventre, Piegan, Blood, Blackfoot, River Crow | |
1874 | November 16 | Executive Order | N/A | 466, 554, 593 | ||
1874 | November 24 | Executive Order | N/A | 531 | Southern Apache | |
1874 | December 15 | Act of Congress | Treaty 3 July 1868 amended, land ceded | 18 Stat. 291 | 539 | Shoshoni |
1875 | January 11 | Executive Order | N/A | 614 | Sioux | |
1875 | February 12 | Executive Order | N/A | 575 | Shoshone, Bannock, Sheepeater | |
1875 | March 3 | Act of Congress | Reduced reservation | 18 Stat. 445 | 576, 577 | Paiute |
1875 | March 3 | Act of Congress | Removed to new reservation | 18 Stat. 446 | 578, 579 | Alsea Indian Reservation, Siletz Indian Reservation |
1875 | March 3 | Act of Congress | Purchase land for | 18 Stat. 447 | 580 | Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians |
1875 | March 3 | Act of Congress | Agreement 23 June 1874 confirmed, Eastern Shawnee lands to Modoc | 18 Stat. 447 | 571 | Eastern Shawnee, Modoc |
1875 | March 16 | Executive Order | N/A | 581 | Sioux | |
1875 | March 25 | Executive Order | N/A | 557 | Crow (Judith Basin Indian Reservation) | |
1875 | April 13 | Executive Order | N/A | 622, 623 | Gros Ventre, Piegan, Blood, Blackfoot, River Crow | |
1875 | April 23 | Executive Order | N/A | 582 | Apache | |
1875 | May 15 | Executive Order | N/A | 589, 646 | Paiute and Shoshoni | |
1875 | May 18 | Executive Order | N/A | 583 | Round Valley Indian Reservation | |
1875 | May 20 | Executive Order | N/A | 614 | Sioux | |
1875 | June 10 | Executive Order | N/A | 545 | Nez Perce | |
1875 | June 23 | Executive Order | N/A | 584 | Sioux | |
1875 | July 3 | Executive Order | N/A | 577 | Paiute | |
1875 | October 20 | Executive Order | N/A | Mescalero Apache | ||
1875 | October 20 | Executive Order | N/A | 585 | Crow | |
1875 | November 22 | Executive Order | N/A | 586 | Ute | |
1875 | December 21 | Executive Order | N/A | 587, 588 | Southern Apache | |
1875 | December 27 | Executive Order | N/A | Missin Indians (Portrero [Rincon, Gapich, LaJolla], Cahuila, Capitan Grande, Santa Ysabel [Mesa Grande], Pala, Agua Caliente, Sycuan, Inaja, Cosmit) |
1880–present
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2012) |
Year | Date |
Treaty Name |
Alternative Treaty Name |
Statutes | Land Cession Reference (Royce Area) |
Tribe(s) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1880 | January 6 | Executive Order | N/A | 615 | Navajo | |
1880 | January 17 | Executive Order | N/A | Mission Indians (Agua Caliente Indian Reservation, Santa Ysabel Indian Reservation) | ||
1880 | March 6 | Agreement | 21 Stat. 199 | 616, 617 | Ute | |
1880 | March 6 | Executive Order | N/A | 618 | Nez Perce (Moses' Band) | |
1880 | March 16 | Act of Congress | 21 Stat. 68 | Kaw | ||
1880 | May 14 | Agreement | N/A | Crow | ||
1880 | May 14 | Agreement | N/A | Shoshoni, Bannock, and Sheep-eater | ||
1880 | June 8 | Executive Order | N/A | Havasupai | ||
1880 | June 12 | Agreement | Agreement with the Crows | N/A | 619 | Crow |
1880 | June 15 | Act of Congress | N/A | Ute | ||
1880 | July 13 | Executive Order | N/A | 620, 621 | Arikara, Gros Ventre, and Mandan | |
1880 | July 13 | Executive Order | N/A | 622, 623 | Gros Ventre, Piegan, Blood, Blackfoot, and River Crow | |
1880 | July 13 | Executive Order | N/A | 613 | Sioux (Drifting Goose's Band) | |
1880 | July 23 | Executive Order | N/A | Malheur Indian Reservation | ||
1880 | September 11 | Agreement | N/A | 616, 617 | Ute | |
1880 | September 21 | Executive Order | N/A | 624 | Jicarilla Apache | |
1880 | November 23 | Executive Order | N/A | Havasupai | ||
1882–83 | Agreement with the Sioux of Various Tribes | |||||
1883 | Agreement with the Columbia and Colville | |||||
1891 | January 12 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 712 | Mission Indians | ||
1891 | February 13 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 749 | Sac and Fox | ||
1891 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 1016 | 506 | Citizen Band of Potawatomi | |
1891 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 1022 | 525 | Cheyenne and Arapaho | |
1891 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 1027 | 553 | Coeur d'Alene | |
1891 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 1032 | 712, 713 | Gros Ventre and Mandan | |
1891 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 1035 | 496 | Sisseton and Wahpeton Sioux | |
1891 | March 13 | Act of Congress | 26 Stat. 1016 | 506 | Absentee Shawnee | |
1891 | October 16 | Executive Order | N/A | 400, 461 | Hupa et al. | |
1892 | June 17 | Executive Order | N/A | 716 | Fort Berthold Indian Reservation | |
1892 | June 17 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 52 | 400 | Klamath River Indian Reservation | |
1892 | July 1 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 62 | 717, 718 | Colville Indian Reservation | |
1892 | July 13 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 124 | 552 | Coeur d'Alene | |
1892 | July 13 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 139 | 625 | Spokane | |
1892 | October 22 | McCumber Agreement | Agreement Between the Turtle Mountain Indians and the Commission | 52nd-2nd-Ex.Doc.229 | Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa | |
1892 | November 21 | Executive Order | N/A | 655 | Navajo | |
1892 | November 21 | Executive Order | N/A | 719 | Red Lake Band of Chippewa | |
1892 | November 28 | Executive Order | N/A | Yakima | ||
1893 | February 20 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 469 | 720 | White Mountain Apache | |
1893 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 557 | 650 | Kickapoo | |
1893 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 640 | 289 | Cherokee | |
1893 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 643 | 606 | Tonkawa | |
1893 | March 3 | Act of Congress | 27 Stat. 644 | 591 | Pawnee | |
1893 | April 12 | Executive Order | N/A | Osette Indians | ||
1893 | September 11 | Executive Order | N/A | Hoh River Indians | ||
1894 | June 6 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 86 | 370 | Warm Springs | |
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 314 | 411 | Yankton Sioux | |
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 320 | 400 | Yakima | |
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 332 | 552 | Coeur d'Alene | |
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 320 | Yakima | ||
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 323 | 479 | Alsea et al. | |
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 326 | 442 | Nez Perce | |
1894 | August 15 | Act of Congress | 28 Stat. 332 | 652 | Yuma | |
1902 | March 10 | McLaughlin Agreement | Agreement Between the Red Lake Indians and the Commission | 33 Stat. 46 | ||
1904 | April 21 | Act of Congress | Turtle Mountain Chippewa Treaty; 10-cent Treaty; Agreement with the Turtle Mountain Band, amended and ratified | 33 Stat. 194 | Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians |
See also
- List of treaties
- List of treaties of the Confederate States of America
- List of treaties unsigned or unratified by the United States
Notes and references
- ^ [http://edu.lva.virginia.gov/online_classroom/shaping_the_constitution/doc/treaty Treaty between the English and the Powhatan Indians
- ^ [brought about by Bacon's Rebellion|Bacon's Rebellion
- ^ The Great Treaty of 1722 Between the Five Nations, the Mahicans, and the Colonies of New York, Virginia, and Pennsylvania, University of Nebraska–Lincoln
- ^ [1], From the Original Roll In the Secretary of State's Office, Albany, N.Y.
- ^ However, not all international agreements are considered to be treaties requiring Senate concurrence. This is explained somewhat in a letter from U.S. Ambassador Thomas C. Hubbard to Philippine Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago in connection with the RP-US Vishe other countries, derives from the President's responsibilities for the conduct of foreign relations (Art. II, Sec. 1) and his constitutional powers as Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces. Senate advice and consent is not needed, inter alia, because the VFA and similar agreements neither change US domestic nor require congressional appropriation of funds. It is important to note that only about five percent of the international agreement entered into by the US Governments require Senate advice and consent.". The letter is quoted in full in Footnote 42 Archived 2008-06-15 at the Wayback Machine of
- ^ Milestones: 1776-1783: The Model Treaty, 1776, Department of State, Office of the Historian, via archive.org
- ^ The history of The Netherlands Archived 2011-04-07 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Journals of the Continental Congress --THURSDAY, JANUARY 23, 1783
- ^ Neutrality – The eighteenth century "Following the end of the war, the United States signed treaties of amity and commerce with Sweden in 1783, Prussia in 1785, and Morocco in 1787."
- ^ Treaty between the King of Prussia and the United States of America
- ^ Treaty of Peace and Amity, Signed at Tripoli June 4, 1805 – The Avalon Project at Yale
- ^ Commercial treaty with England [microform] : Internet Archive
- ^ TAC Program – United Kingdom Commerce and Navigation Treaty
- ^ Hertslet's Commercial Treaties, pages 386-391
- ^ Treaty with the Ottoman Porte, p. 408. List of the Treaties between the United States and Foreign Nations [to 1845], U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774 - 1875. Library of Congress
- ^ a b Mustafa Aydın, Çağrı Erhan and Gökhan Erdem, CHRONOLOGY OF TURKİSH-AMERİCAN RELATİONS, Faculty of Political Science, Ankara University
- ^ Jacksonian Foreign Relations; Whig Obstructionism in the French Crisis
- ^ Treaty of Amity and Commerce, p. 458. List of the Treaties between the United States and Foreign Nations [to 1845], U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774-1875. Library of Congress
- ^ Primary Documents – U.S. Peace Treaty with Austria, 24 August 1921
- ^ Primary Documents – U.S. Peace Treaty with Hungary, 24 August 1921
- ^ The Avalon Project : Documents in Law, History and Diplomacy Archived 2007-06-27 at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "World's Worst Internet Law" ratified by Senate
- ^ Vargo, Samuel (21 November 2014). "With more than ..500 treaties already broken, the government can do whatever it wants, it seems..." Daily Kos. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
More than 500 treaties have been made between the government and Indian tribes and all were broken, nulllified or amended.
- ^ a b Toensing, Gale Courey (23 August 2013). "'Honor the Treaties': UN Human Rights Chief's Message". Indian Country Today Media Network. Archived from the original on 7 October 2016. Retrieved 9 October 2016.
The U.S. federal government entered into more than 500 treaties with Indian nations from 1778 to 1871; every one of them was "broken, changed or nullified when it served the government's interests," Helen Oliff wrote in "Treaties Made, Treaties Broken."
- ^ Egan, Timothy (25 June 2000). "Mending a Trail of Broken Treaties". The New York Times. Retrieved 17 September 2016.
- ^ DeLoria, Jr., Vine (2010). Behind the Trail of Broken Treaties: An Indian Declaration of Independence. University of Texas Press. ISBN 978-0-292-70754-2. Entire book is dedicated to examining these broken treaties.
- ^ Michno, Gregory (2006). "The Indian Trail of Broken Treaties" (PDF). Wild West. p. 42.
The ink, as they say was hardly dry on the treaty, when the signatory Indians rode off to Texas to take more captives.
- ^ Wildenthal, Bryan H. (2003). Native American Sovereignty on Trial: A Handbook with Cases, Laws, and Documents. ABC-CLIO. p. 122. ISBN 1-57607-625-3.
The field of Indian law rests mainly on the old treaties.
- ^ Charles C. Royce
- ^ U.S. Serial Set
- ^ Page 648 US Serial Set, Number 4015, 56the Congress, 1st Session
- ^ http://digital.library.okstate.edu/kappler/vol1/html_files/ses0151.html
External links
- Treaties in Force, United States Department of State
- List of documents relating to the negotiation of ratified and unratified treaties with various Indian Tribes, 1801–1869 (1949) from the University of Wisconsin Digital Collections
- Native American Treaties and Information from UCB Libraries GovPubs
- List of Treaties between the U.S. and Foreign Nations 1778–1845 from the Library of Congress
- List of Treaties between the U.S. and Indian Tribes 1778–1842 from the Library of Congress
- List of Treaties 1845–1851 from the Library of Congress
- List of Treaties 1851–1855 from the Library of Congress
- List of Treaties 1855–1859 from the Library of Congress
- Indian Land Cessions in the U.S., 1784 to 1894: List of Dates
- United States Treaties and International Agreements: 1776-1949