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China–Italy relations

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People's Republic of China-Italy relations
Map indicating locations of People's Republic of China and Italy

China
Italy

Bilateral relations between China and Italy date back to Imperial China and Ancient Rome but the ties between Italy and modern China only formally began on 6 November 1970.[1] News of Italy's recognition of the People's Republic of China and consequent breaking of formal relations with the Republic of China (Taiwan) spurred other European countries such as Austria and Belgium to consider similar moves.[2]

Italian Foreign Minister Pietro Nenni presented the proposal for the recognition of China in January 1969.[3] The Italian Communist Party had invited Chinese representatives to attend their 1969 party congress; however, the Chinese side declined the invitation.[4] The two countries exchanged ambassadors in February of the following year.[5]

To this day, China and Italy participate in high-level political exchanges. In September 2005, Chinese Defense Minister Cao Gangchuan and Italian Deputy Defense Minister Salvatore Cicu expressed their hope for closer military cooperation between the two countries.[6]

Hongdu Aviation, one of China's major aircraft manufacturers, was first established as Sino-Italian National Aircraft Works (SINAW) in 1934, as a joint venture between the Republic of China and the Kingdom of Italy. However, after the Second Sino-Japanese War broke out in 1937, Italy became an ally of Japan and assisted Japan in its bombing of SINAW factories. The Chinese government confiscated Italian properties in December 1937 and all Italian employees of the company left by the end of the year.[7] On March 24, 2019, Italy signed up to the Belt and Road Initiative, becoming the first G7 nation to do so.[8]

On 13 March 2020, China sent medical supplies, including masks and respirators to Italy, together with a team of Chinese medical staff to help Italy fight the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy.[9][10][11] These were not donations but rather paid products and services.[12][13] Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte thanked China for its support and assistance.[14] However, in April 2020, it was reported that the PPE kits sold by China to Italy were the same that Italy had earlier donated to China during the initial spread of the Coronavirus in China.[15] [16]

Embassies

The Embassy of China is located in Rome, Italy. The Embassy of Italy is located in Beijing, China.

See also

References

  1. ^ "Major events in China-Italy relations". Xinhua News. 2004-05-07. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
  2. ^ Hofmann, Paul (1970-11-07). "Rome and Peking in Accord on Ties; Nationalist Link to Italy is Ended". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
  3. ^ Fleming, Louis B. (1969-01-25). "Italy's Foreign MInister Urges Ties With China". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-02-06. [dead link‍]
  4. ^ Fleming, Louis B (1969-02-06). "China Won't Attend Red Party Congress in Italy". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2008-02-06. [dead link‍]
  5. ^ "Italy and Red China Swap Ambassadors". Los Angeles Times. 1971-02-13. Archived from the original on 2011-05-24. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
  6. ^ "China, Italy to promote military relations". People's Daily. 2005-09-24. Retrieved 2008-02-06.
  7. ^ Zhu Weiguo 朱伟国 (2015-09-01). "历史的记忆". Hongdu Aviation. Retrieved 2018-10-02.
  8. ^ Cristiani, Dario (April 24, 2019). "Italy Joins the Belt and Road Initiative: Context, Interests, and Drivers". Jamestown Foundation. Retrieved 2019-09-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  9. ^ Pelosi, Gerardo (11 March 2020). "Coronavirus, attese per oggi un milione di mascherine". Il Sole 24 Ore (in Italian). Retrieved 14 March 2020. «Only China has responded bilaterally. This is not a good sign of EU solidarity»
  10. ^ "The EU Is Abandoning Italy in Its Hour of Need". Foreign Policy. 14 March 2020.
  11. ^ "China sends essential coronavirus supplies to Italy". www.aljazeera.com. 13 March 2020.
  12. ^ Giulia Pompili (12 March 2020). "But what help from China against the virus, it's all stuff we purchase". Il Foglio (in Italian). Retrieved 16 March 2020. confermano al Foglio fonti della Farnesina e la Protezione civile, non c'è nessuna donazione, niente di gratis
  13. ^ "Italian doctor is now key to China's efforts to sow confusion over the coronavirus's origins". Quartz. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  14. ^ "President Xi Jinping Talked with Italian Prime Minister Giuseppe Conte over the Phone". Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the People's Republic of China. 16 March 2020.
  15. ^ Colton, Emma (6 April 2020). "China makes Italy buy back its personal protective gear during coronavirus pandemic: Report". Washington Examiner.
  16. ^ Palmer, Scott (8 April 2020). "Coronavirus: China forces Italy to buy back PPE it had donated - top US official". NewsHub New Zealand.

Further reading

  • Fardella, Enrico. "A significant periphery of the Cold War: Italy-China bilateral relations, 1949–1989." Cold War History 17.2 (2017): 181–197.
  • Maurizio Marinelli, Giovanni Andornino, Italy's Encounter with Modern China
  • Maurizio Marinelli, “The Triumph of the Uncanny: Italians and Italian Architecture in Tianjin”, In Cultural Studies Review, Vol. 19, 2, 2013, 70–98.
  • Maurizio Marinelli, “The Genesis of the Italian Concession in Tianjin: A Combination of Wishful Thinking and Realpolitik”. Journal of Modern Italian Studies, 15 (4), 2010: 536–556.
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