Hujjat al-Islam
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Hujjat al-Islam (from Arabic: حجة الإسلام ḥujjat-u l-Islām) (also Hojatoleslam) is an honorific title meaning "authority on Islam" or "proof of Islam".[1]
Sunni Islam
In Sunni tradition, the title was used exclusively for the scholar al-Ghazali, due to his influential integration of Sufism and sharia. However, there is some evidence of application of the term to later Sunni scholars, in imitation of the Shia usage.[1] Deobands have attempted to grant this title to their leader Muhammad Qasim Nanotvi for establishing Darul Uloom Deoband. [2].
Shia Islam
In Twelver Shia the title is awarded to scholars. It was originally applied as an honorific to leading scholars, but now the use indicates a status in the hierarchy of the learned below Ayatollah.[1] It is divided into two sub ranks, Hujjatu l-Islām wa l-Muslimīn ("Authority on Islam and Muslims") and Hujjatu l-Islām ("Authority on Islam"), given to middle-ranking clerics.
Hawza students start their studies learning fiqh, kalam, hadith, tafsir, philosophy and Arabic literature. After mastering these levels they are given the Hojatoleslam title, and can start becoming mujtahid by studying advanced textbooks known as satḥ, and research courses known as kharij.
See also
References
- ^ a b c Algar, Hamid (23 March 2012). "Ḥojjat-al-Eslām". Encyclopædia Iranica. Vol. XII. p. 426. Archived from the original on 17 May 2012.
- ^ http://www.thepenmagazine.net/imam-ghazali-the-sun-of-the-fifth-century-hujjat-al-islam
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