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Jiaxing

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Jiaxing
嘉兴市
Prefecture-level city
Location of Jiaxing City jurisdiction in Zhejiang
Location of Jiaxing City jurisdiction in Zhejiang
CountryChina
ProvinceZhejiang
County-level divisions7
Township-level divisions75
Government
 • CPC SecretaryLu Jun
 • MayorHu Haifeng
Area
 • Prefecture-level city4,008.76 km2 (1,547.79 sq mi)
 • Urban
986.9 km2 (381.0 sq mi)
 • Metro
986.9 km2 (381.0 sq mi)
Population
 (2010 census)
 • Prefecture-level city4,501,657
 • Density1,100/km2 (2,900/sq mi)
 • Urban
1,201,882
 • Metro
1,201,882
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Area code573
GDP¥335.3 billion
GDP per capita¥74,478
License Plate Prefix浙F
Websitehttp://www.jiaxing.gov.cn/
City Flower Blossom of pomegranate

City Tree Camphor laurel

Cinnamomum camphora (L.) Sieb.
Jiaxing
"Jiaxing", as written in Chinese
Simplified Chinese嘉兴
Traditional Chinese嘉興
WuGāshīng [kɑɕiŋ]
PostalKashing
Transcriptions
Standard Mandarin
Hanyu PinyinJiāxīng
Wade–GilesChia-hsing
Wu
RomanizationGāshīng [kɑɕiŋ]
Yue: Cantonese
Jyutpinggaa1hing1
Southern Min
Hokkien POJKa-Hing

Jiaxing (Chinese: 嘉兴; pinyin: Jiāxīng; Wu: Gāshīng [kɑɕiŋ]) is a prefecture-level city in northern Zhejiang province, China. Lying on the Grand Canal of China, Jiaxing borders Hangzhou to the southwest, Huzhou to the west, Shanghai to the northeast, and the province of Jiangsu to the north. At the 2010 census, its population was 4,501,657 and its built-up area made of 2 urban districts was home to 1,201,882 inhabitants.[1]

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Jiaxing administers 7 county-level divisions, including 2 districts, 3 county-level cities and 2 counties.

Map
Subdivision Hanzi Pinyin
Nanhu District 南湖区 Nánhú Qū
Xiuzhou District 秀洲区 Xiùzhōu Qū
Jiashan County 嘉善县 Jiāshàn Xiàn
Haiyan County 海盐县 Hǎiyán Xiàn
Haining 海宁市 Hǎiníng Shì
Pinghu 平湖市 Pínghú Shì
Tongxiang 桐乡市 Tóngxiāng Shì

These are further divided into 75 township-level divisions, including 60 towns, 2 townships and 13 subdistricts.

History

  • Spring and Autumn Period: Jiaxing is known as Zuili (Drunken Plums) and is an important city in the state of Yuè.
  • 210 BC: Qin Shi Huang changed the name of Jiaxing from Changshui District (長水縣) to Youquan (由拳縣).
  • 231: Wild rice (野稻) of Jiaxing informed Sun Quan of the Kingdom of Wu that there was a sign of auspice, so Sun changed Youchuan to Hexing District (禾興縣). This why Jiaxing's abbreviation is He. Sun also changed his era name to Jiahe (嘉禾) in the following year.
  • January 242: Sun He was made the crown prince. Because of the naming taboo, Jiahe was changed to Jiaxing.
  • 938: (Later Jin of the Five Dynasties): Xiu Prefecture (秀州) established
  • 1117: (Song Dynasty): Jiahe District (嘉禾郡)
  • 1429: (Ming Dynasty): Xiushui District (秀水縣) was established northwest of Jiaxing.
  • Early 1900s (the Republic of China): Xiushui and Jiaxing were combined into Jiahe County
  • 1914: Reverted to Jiaxing County (because there's a Jiahe in Hunan)
  • 1921: Communist Party of China founded at the South Lake in Jiaxing.
  • 1949 − 1958, 1979 (PRC): Upgraded to a city[clarification needed]
  • 1981: Old Jiaxing County merged into the city
  • 1983: Upgraded to prefecture-level city

Economy

Jiaxing is well known as the 'hometown of silk', hence it is a famous producer of textiles and woollens. It is one of the world's largest exporters of leather goods. There are mechanical, chemical and electronic industries there.

Jiaxing is an important energy base in East China. Qinshan Nuclear Power Plant, the first self-designed nuclear power station in China, and Fangjiashan Nuclear Power Plant (under construction) are located in Haiyan County.

South Korea tire maker Hankook Tire has a production facility in Jiaxing Development Zone for cars and light trucks. Hankook Tire (Jiaxing) Co., Limited was opened in 1996.[2]

Industrial zone

Jiaxing Export Processing Zone

Established in 2003, Jiaxing Export Processing Zone is a state-level export processing zone approved by State Council. It has a built-up area of 2.98 km2. Its development goal is to become the export processing base for IT, IC, mechanical and electrical, electronics and other high-tech industries.[3]

Tourism

Transportation

The city is served by two railway stations: Jiaxing Railway Station, on the Shanghai–Kunming Railway, and Jiaxing South Railway Station on the high speed Shanghai–Hangzhou Passenger Railway.

The city is served by two long-distance bus stations: Jiaxing North Bus Station and the new Jiaxing Transportation Center.

Jiaxing is on the G92 Hangzhou Bay Ring Expressway, G60 Shanghai–Kunming Expressway and China National Highway 320.

Jiaxing's local air force base is being converted to a public-use airport.[4]

The Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal runs across Jiaxing.

Language

Jiaxing dialect is a Northern Wu dialect in the Sujiahu dialect grouping. As such, it is a sister dialect of both Shanghainese and Suzhou dialect, and easily intelligible with both. It is not mutually intelligible with Mandarin or other varieties of Chinese such as Cantonese or Hakka.

Notable people

See also

References

  1. ^ http://www.citypopulation.de/php/china-zhejiang-admin.php
  2. ^ http://www.elmanalytics.com/profile/hankook-tire-jiaxing-co-ltd/3f7b8
  3. ^ RightSite.asia
  4. ^ 利, 众羊. "嘉兴要建民营飞机场". 0573ren.com. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
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