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Tucano language

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Tucano
ye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé
Native toBrazil, Colombia
EthnicityTucano people
Native speakers
4,600 in Brazil (2006)[1]
7,020 in Colombia (2012), including Pisamira[1]
Tucanoan
  • Eastern
    • North
      • Tucano
Official status
Official language in
 Brazil (São Gabriel da Cachoeira)
Language codes
ISO 639-3Either:
tuo – Tucano
arj – Arapaso
Glottologtuca1252  Tucano
arap1275  Arapaso
ELPTukano
 Arapaso[2]

Tucano, also Tukano or Tucana, endonym ye’pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé,[3] is a Tucanoan language spoken in Amazonas, Brazil and Colombia.

Many Tariana people, speakers of the endangered Tariana language are switching to Tucano.

Phonology

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Consonants

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Bilabial Alveolar Palatal Velar Glottal
Plosive plain p t k ʔ
voiced b d ɡ
Nasal (m) (n) (ŋ)
Fricative s h
Trill r
Approximant w j

Nasal sounds [m n ŋ] are variants of voiced stops /b d ɡ/ between nasal vowels. Stops may also be heard as prenasalized [ᵐb ⁿd ᵑɡ] after nasal vowels. /w/ can be heard as a nasal bilabial semivowel [β̞̃] in the environment of nasal vowels. Allophones of /ɾ/ can be heard as [ɾ̃], [ɺ].[4][5]

Vowels

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Front Central Back
High i ĩ ɨ ɨ̃ u ũ
Mid e o õ
Low a ã

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Tucano at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
    Arapaso at Ethnologue (25th ed., 2022) Closed access icon
  2. ^ Endangered Languages Project data for Arapaso.
  3. ^ Ramirez, Henri (2019). "uúku͂sehe (ye'pâ-masa yee uúku͂sehé)" (PDF). A Fala Tukano dos Ye’pâ-Masa, Tomo II: Dicionário (versão atualizada, 2019). Manaus: Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia. p. 194.
  4. ^ West, Birdie; Welch, Betty (1967). Phonemic system of Tucano. Viola G. Waterhouse (ed.), Phonemic systems of Colombian languages: Norman: Summer Institute of Linguistics of the University of Oklahoma. pp. 11–24.
  5. ^ Aikhenvald, 1996.

Spanish

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Bibliography

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  • A Fala Tukano dos Ye'pâ-Masa: Tomo I: Gramática . Henri Ramirez (1997) · Manaus: Inspetoria Salesiana Missionária da Amazônia, CEDEM.
  • Welch, Betty and West, Birdie (2000). In Lenguas indígenas de Colombia: una visión descriptiva edited by González de Pérez, María Stella and Rodríguez de Montes, María Luisa. Instituto Caro y Cuervo.
  • Bibliografía de la familia lingüística Tukano (antes Betoya) ( pp. 79-104 ). Marcelino de Castellvi (1939). In Proceedings of the second convention of the Inter American Bibliographical and Library Association 2:2 Washington, D.C.
  • Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
  • Proto Tucanoan ( pp. 119-149 ). Nathan E. Waltz and Alva Wheeler (1972). In Comparative Studies in Amerindian Languages Mouton de Gruyter.
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