List of countries by system of government

This is a list of countries categorized by system of government.

A color-coded legend of forms of government. Click on map for descriptions below.

Alphabetical list of countries

Name	Constitutional form	Head of state	Basis of executive legitimacy
Afghanistan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Albania	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Algeria	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Andorra	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Angola	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Antigua and Barbuda	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Argentina	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Armenia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Australia	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Austria	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Azerbaijan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Bahamas	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Bahrain	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Bangladesh	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Barbados	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Belarus	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Belgium	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Belize	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Benin	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Bhutan	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Bolivia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Bosnia and Herzegovina	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Botswana	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Brazil	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Brunei	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Bulgaria	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Burkina Faso	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Burundi	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Cambodia	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Cameroon	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Canada	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Cape Verde	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Central African Republic	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Chad	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Chile	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
China, People's Republic of	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Colombia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Comoros	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Congo, Republic of the	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Costa Rica	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Côte d'Ivoire	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Croatia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Cuba	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Cyprus	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Czech Republic	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Denmark	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Djibouti	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Dominica	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Dominican Republic	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
East Timor	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Ecuador	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Egypt	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
El Salvador	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Equatorial Guinea	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Eritrea	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Estonia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Ethiopia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Fiji	Provisional	N/A	No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime
Finland	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
France	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Gabon	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Gambia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Georgia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Germany	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Ghana	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Greece	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Grenada	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Guatemala	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Guinea	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Guinea-Bissau	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Guyana	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Haiti	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Honduras	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Hungary	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Iceland	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
India	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Indonesia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Iran	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Iraq	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Ireland	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Israel	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Italy	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Jamaica	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Japan	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Jordan	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Kazakhstan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Kenya	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Kiribati	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Korea, North	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Korea, South	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Kosovo	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Kuwait	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Kyrgyzstan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Laos	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Latvia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Lebanon	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Lesotho	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Liberia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Libya	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Liechtenstein	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Lithuania	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Luxembourg	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Macedonia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Madagascar	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Malawi	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Malaysia	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Maldives	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Mali	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Malta	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Marshall Islands	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Mauritania	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Mauritius	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Mexico	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Micronesia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Moldova	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Monaco	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Mongolia	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Montenegro	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Morocco	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Mozambique	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Myanmar	Provisional	N/A	No constitutionally-defined basis to current regime
Namibia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Nauru	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Nepal	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Netherlands	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
New Zealand	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Nicaragua	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Niger	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Nigeria	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Norway	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Oman	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Pakistan	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Palau	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Palestine	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Panama	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Papua New Guinea	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Paraguay	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Peru	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Philippines	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Poland	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Portugal	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Qatar	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Romania	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Russian Federation	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Rwanda	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Saint Kitts and Nevis	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Saint Lucia	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Samoa	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
San Marino	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
São Tomé and Príncipe	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Saudi Arabia	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Senegal	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Serbia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Seychelles	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Sierra Leone	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Singapore	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Slovakia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Slovenia	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Solomon Islands	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Somalia	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature Stateless society
Somaliland	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
South Africa	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Spain	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Sri Lanka	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Sudan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Suriname	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Swaziland	Absolute monarchy	Executive	All authority vested in absolute monarch
Sweden	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Switzerland	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Syria	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Republic of China (Taiwan)	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
Tajikistan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Tanzania	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Thailand	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Togo	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Tonga	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Trinidad and Tobago	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Tunisia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Turkey	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Turkmenistan	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Tuvalu	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Uganda	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Ukraine	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature
United Arab Emirates	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
United Kingdom	Constitutional monarchy	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
United States	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Uruguay	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Uzbekistan	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Vanuatu	Republic	Ceremonial	Head of government is elected by and is accountable to the legislature
Vatican City	Constitutional monarchy	Executive	Monarch holds significant executive or legislative power
Venezuela	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Vietnam	Republic	Executive	Power is constitutionally linked to a single political party
Yemen	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Zambia	Republic	Executive	Head of state is the head of government and is independent of legislature
Zimbabwe	Republic	Executive	President is independent of the legislature; head of government is appointed by the president and is accountable to the legislature

Notes on color-code

• orange - parliamentary republics
• green - presidential republics, executive presidency linked to a parliament
• yellow - presidential republics, semi-presidential system
• blue - presidential republics, full presidential system
• red - parliamentary constitutional monarchies in which the monarch does not personally exercise power
• magenta - constitutional monarchies in which the monarch personally exercises power, often (but not always) alongside a weak parliament
• purple - absolute monarchies
• brown - republics where the dominant role of a single party is codified in the constitution
• beige - states where constitutional provisions for government have been suspended
• grey - countries which do not fit any of the above systems

Note that several states constitutionally deemed to be multiparty republics are broadly described by outsiders as authoritarian states. This chart aims to represent de jure form of government, not de facto degree of democracy. Those more interested in a version reflecting such judgments may be interested in seeing the map below from Freedom House.

Forms of government of states considered to be electoral democracies by Freedom House. States not considered to be electoral democracies are in gray.

.

Systems of Governance

Presidential/Separated republics

These are systems in which a president is the active head of the executive branch of government and is elected and remains in office independently of the legislature. The following list includes democratic and non-democratic states:

Full presidential systems

In full presidential systems, the president is both head of state and head of government. There is generally no prime minister, although if one exists he or she serves purely at the pleasure of the president. One country have at least vice-president that have an active role in the Government USA.

Presidential systems with a prime minister

• Cameroon
• Central African Republic
• Chad
• Republic of the Congo (Congo-Brazzaville)
• Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast)
• Equatorial Guinea
• Gabon
• Guinea (Guinea-Conakry)
• Guinea-Bissau
• Madagascar
• Peru
• Republic of Korea (South Korea)
• Tanzania
• Togo
• Tunisia
• Uganda

Semi-presidential systems

In semi-presidential systems, there is usually both a president and a prime minister. In such systems, the president has genuine executive authority, unlike in a parliamentary republic, but some of the role of a head of government is exercised by the prime minister who is also leader of the legislature.

• Algeria
• Angola
• Armenia
• Azerbaijan
• Belarus
• Bosnia and Herzegovina
• Burkina Faso
• Cape Verde
• Democratic Republic of the Congo (Congo-Kinshasa)
• Djibouti
• Egypt
• Finland
• France
• Georgia
• Guyana
• Haiti
• Kazakhstan
• Kenya
• Kyrgyzstan
• Lebanon
• Lithuania
• Mali
• Moldova
• Mongolia
• Mozambique
• Namibia
• Niger
• Pakistan
• Peru
• Romania
• Russian Federation
• Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic (Western Sahara)
• São Tomé and Príncipe
• Senegal
• Serbia
• Somalia
• Sri Lanka
• Republic of China (Taiwan)
• Tajikistan
• Ukraine
• Uzbekistan
• Yemen
• Zimbabwe

Parliamentary republics

A parliamentary republic is a system in which a prime minister is the active head of the executive branch of government and also leader of the legislature. The president's degree of executive power may range from being reasonably significant (e.g. Pakistan) to little or none at all (eg. Ireland). Where the president holds little executive power, their function is primarily that of a symbolic figurehead.

• Albania
• Austria
• Bangladesh
• Bulgaria
• Croatia
• Czech Republic
• Dominica
• East Timor (Timor-Leste)
• Estonia
• Ethiopia
• Germany
• Greece
• Hungary
• Iceland
• India
• Ireland
• Iraq
• Israel
• Italy
• Kosovo
• Latvia
• Macedonia
• Malta
• Mauritius
• Mauritania
• Montenegro
• Nepal
• Poland
• Portugal
• Samoa
• Slovakia
• Slovenia
• Switzerland
• Trinidad and Tobago
• Turkey
• Vanuatu

Mixed republican systems

What would normally be considered a prime minister is given title of president and serves as both the head of state and government.

• Botswana
• Kiribati
• Marshall Islands
• Federated States of Micronesia (Micronesia)
• Nauru
• Nepal
• San Marino
• South Africa
• Suriname
• Switzerland The head of state is a constitutional monarch who only exercises his or her powers with the consent of the government, the people or their representatives.
• Andorra
• Antigua and Barbuda
• Australia
• Bahamas
• Barbados
• Belgium
• Belize
• Cambodia
• Canada
• Denmark
• Grenada
• Jamaica
• Japan
• Lesotho
• Luxembourg
• Malaysia
• Netherlands
• New Zealand
• Norway
• Papua New Guinea
• Saint Kitts and Nevis
• Saint Lucia
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
• Solomon Islands
• Spain
• Sweden
• Thailand
• Tuvalu
• United Kingdom

Constitutional monarchies with active monarchs

The prime minister is the nation's active executive but the monarch still has considerable political powers that can be used at their own discretion.

• Bahrain
• Bhutan
• Jordan
• Kuwait
• Liechtenstein
• Monaco
• Morocco
• Tonga
• United Arab Emirates

Absolute monarchies

Specifically, monarchies in which the monarch's exercise of power is unconstrained by any substantive constitutional law.

• Brunei
• Oman
• Qatar
• Saudi Arabia
• Swaziland

Theocracies

States based on a state religion where the head of state is selected by some form of religious hierarchy.

• Iran (to some degree)
• Vatican City

One-party states

States in which political power is concentrated within a single political party whose operations are largely fused with the government hierarchy. However, some do have elected governments.

• China, People's Republic of (Communist Party) (list)
• Cuba (Communist Party) (list)
• Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea)(Workers' Party) (list)
• Laos (Revolutionary Party) (list)
• Singapore (Peoples Action Party) (list)
• Syria (Arab Socialist Ba'th Party) (list)
• Turkmenistan (Democratic Party) (list)
• Vietnam (Communist Party) (list)

Military junta states

The nation's military control the organs of government and all high-ranking political executives are also members of the military hierarchy.

• Fiji (until 2010)
• Libya
• Myanmar
• Mauritania
• Guinea

Transitional

States which have a system of government which is in transition or turmoil and are classified with the current direction of change.

• Eritrea (presidential republic)
• Somalia (semi-presidential republic)

Systems of Internal Governance

Federal

States in which the federal government shares power with semi-independent regional governments. In many cases, the central government is (in theory) a creation of the regional governments; a prime example is the United States.

• Argentina (23 provinces and 1 autonomous city)
• Australia (6 states and 3 territories)
• Austria (9 states)
• Belgium (3 regions and 3 linguistic communities)
• Bosnia and Herzegovina (Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Republika Srpska and Brčko District)
• Brazil (26 states and 1 federal district)
• Canada (10 provinces and 3 territories)
• Comoros (Anjouan, Grande Comore, Mohéli)
• Ethiopia (9 regions and 3 chartered cities)
• Germany (16 states)
• India (28 states and 7 union territories)
• Iraq (Currently 18 governates and 1 region)
• Malaysia (13 states and 3 federal territories)

• Mexico (31 states and 1 federal district)
• Micronesia (Chuuk, Kosrae, Pohnpei and Yap)
• Nigeria (36 states and 1 federal capital territory)
• Pakistan (4 provinces and 2 territories)
• Palau (16 states)
• Papua New Guinea (18 provinces, 1 autonomous region and 1 capital district)
• Russia (46 oblasts, 21 republics, 9 krais, 4 autonomous okrugs, 2 federal cities, 1 autonomous oblast)
• Saint Kitts and Nevis (14 parishes)
• South Africa (9 provinces)
• Switzerland (26 cantons)
• United Arab Emirates (7 emirates)
• United States (50 states, 2 commonwealths, 1 federal district, and 14 territories)
• Venezuela (23 states, 1 capital district and 1 federal dependency)

Devolved

States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to self-governing subsidiary governments, creating a quasi-federation.

• Spain (17 autonomous communities and 2 autonomous cities)
• United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland)

Regionalised unitary

States in which the central government has delegated some of its powers to regional governments.

• People's Republic of China (22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities, and 2 special administrative regions)
• Italy (20 regions, 5 granted 'autonomous' status)
• New Zealand (16 regions)
• Philippines (17 regions, 1 autonomous region)

Federacy

A federacy is a country in which some substates function like states in a federation and others like states in a unitary state.

• Denmark with 2 autonomous regions and 5 regions;
• Finland with 1 autonomous province and 19 regions;
• France with 1 sui generis collectivity and 26 régions, 4 collectivités d'outre-mer, 1 territoire d'outre-mer;
• Kingdom of the Netherlands with 2 states and 12 provinces;
• Portugal with 2 autonomous regions (Azores and Madeira) and 18 districts;
• Serbia, significant autonomy granted to Vojvodina;
• Tanzania, 21 mainland regions, 5 regions under autonomous government of Zanzibar
• Ukraine, 24 oblasts, 2 special-status cities, and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea;

Unitary

see Unitary state

European Union

The European Union is a sui generis entity. It has elements of intergovernmentalism and a semi-presidential system, with the European Council acting as it's collective "president" and the president of the European Commission as it's "prime minister".

See also

• List of forms of government
• List of countries
• List of countries by date of transition to republican system of government

External links

• Global Scan- Election Tracker
• Countries categorized by system of government in 20th century at Historical Atlas of 20th Century
• [2] A Chronology of political history based on Government form
• Political Chronology Chronological development of political history