Nuqtavi: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 08:16, 16 March 2014
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The Nuqtavi (Arabic: نقطوية Nuqṭawiyyah) movement was founded by Mahmūd Pasīkhānī (Persian: محمود پسیخانی) when he proclaimed himself the Mahdi in 1397. The group is an offshoot of the Ḥurūfī movement, from which Pasīkhānī was expelled for arrogance. The group first arose in Anjudan near Kashan an area known for its Nizārī Ismā'īlī Shia Islam.
The group attempted to proclaim Shah Tahmasp as Mahdi after Pasīkhānī died.
Doctrines
Pasīkhānī never married and encouraged celibacy among his followers saying that the celibate have reached the rank of wāḥid, which has the numerical value of nineteen. The Nuqtavis placed an exceptionally heavy emphasis on the number nineteen. They also advanced a cyclical view of time, which is reminiscent of the Ismā'īlī.[1] The Nuqtavis held that the total length of the Earth's existence is 64,000 years and that this is divided into four periods of 16,000 years and these in turn are subdivided into two sections of 8,000 years, one an Arab epoch and the other a Persian epoch.[1]
Intellectual influences
The Nuqtavis owe most of their doctrines to the ḥurūfis. Most obviously the personal link between Pasīkhānī and Fażlallah Astarabādī (d.1394), founder of the Ḥurūfī movement. The notable influences were the obsession with the numerical and phonemic meanings of the letters of the Persian-Arabic alphabet. Likewise Astarabādī had proclaimed himself Mahdi as well as Jesus returned. Like many of the Muslim splinter groups in Iran, the Ḥurūfiyyah believed that Fażlallah Astarabādī's Javedanname abrogated previous revelation (i.e. the Qur'an).
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Modern influences
The writings of Siyyid `Alí Muḥammad Shírází, known as the Báb, contained many codified chronograms, cabalistic interpretations, talismanic figures, astrological tables, and numerical calculations, some of which appear to be similar to the Nuqtavi cabalistic symbolism. ‘Alĩ Muḥammad Nāżim ash-Sharī‘ah claims that the Báb was taught the Nuqtavi doctrines while imprisoned in Maku and that he incorporated them directly into his Bayān.[1] Saiedi states, however, that while some elements found in the Nuqtavi school are confirmed in the writings of the Báb, the literal emphasis that the Nuqtavi school placed on letters as direct elements of divine creation are foreign to the Báb's teachings; his teachings have little to do with the issue of the actual letters or their literal divine character, but instead, concern a mystical world view where the sacred character of human beings is the image of God.[2]
See also
- Mahdi
- Isma'ili
- Sufism
- Nāīmee
- Nasīmee
- Hurufiyya
- Shi'a Islam
- Murād Mīrzā
- Nuqta-yi Ula (Báb)
- Mahmoud Pasikhani
- List of extinct Shia sects
Notes
- ^ a b c Algar, Hamid (1994). Nuqtavi: The Encyclopedia of Islam. Leiden: Leiden. pp. 114–117.
- ^ Saiedi 2008, pp. 53–54
References
- Hamid Algar: Nuqtavi, Encyclopedia of Islam, 1994, p. 114-117
- Marshall G. Hodgson: The Venture of Islam, Vols. I and II
- Algar, Hamid (NA). "Horoufism". The Encyclopedia Iranica. NA: 1–15.
{{cite journal}}: Check date values in:|year=,|date=, and|year=/|date=mismatch (help); Invalid|ref=harv(help)CS1 maint: year (link) - Saiedi, Nader (2008). Gate of the Heart. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. ISBN 978-1-55458-035-4.