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|name = {{raise|0.2em|Longyan}}
|name = {{raise|0.2em|Longyan}}
|official_name =
|official_name =
|other_name =
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|native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|龙岩市}}}}}}
|native_name = {{lower|0.1em|{{nobold|{{lang|zh-hans|龙岩市}}}}}}
|nickname =
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|blank_emblem_size =
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|image_map = ChinaFujianLongyan.png
|image_map = ChinaFujianLongyan.png
|mapsize =
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|map_caption = Location in Longyan City in Fujian
|map_caption = Location in Longyan City in Fujian
|image_map1 =
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<!-- Location ------------------>
<!-- Location ------------------>
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|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
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|subdivision_name1 = [[Fujian]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Fujian]]
|seat_type = Municipal seat
|seat_type = Municipal seat
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<!-- General information --------------->
<!-- General information --------------->
|timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
|timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
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|blank4_name = [[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|License Plate]]
|blank4_name = [[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|License Plate]]
|blank4_info = {{lang|zh-cn|闽F}}
|blank4_info = {{lang|zh-cn|闽F}}
|blank5_name =[[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Administrative division code]]
|blank5_name = [[Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China|Administrative division code]]
|blank5_info =350800
|blank5_info = 350800
|blank6_name =[[ISO 3166-2]]
|blank6_name = [[ISO 3166-2]]
|blank6_info =CN-35-08
|blank6_info = CN-35-08
|blank7_name = [[Spoken Chinese|Local dialect]]
|blank7_name = [[Spoken Chinese|Local dialect]]
|blank7_info = [[Hokkien]](by [[Hoklo people|Hoklo]] people in [[Xinluo District|Xinluo]] and [[Zhangping]]) [[Hakka Chinese]]
|blank7_info = [[Hokkien]](by [[Hoklo people|Hoklo]] people in [[Xinluo District|Xinluo]] and [[Zhangping]]) [[Hakka Chinese]]
|website = [http://www.longyan.gov.cn/ www.LongYan.gov.cn]
|website = [http://www.longyan.gov.cn/ Long Yan]
|footnotes =
|footnotes =
}}
}}


'''Longyan''' ({{zh|s=龙岩|t=龍岩|p=Lóngyán|poj=Lêng-nâ or Liong-nâ|l=dragon rock}}; [[Hakka language]]: Liùng-ngàm) is a [[prefecture-level city]] in southwestern [[Fujian]] province, People's Republic of China, bordering [[Guangdong]] to the south and [[Jiangxi]] to the west.
'''Longyan''' ({{zh|s=龙岩|t=龍岩|p=Lóngyán|poj=Lêng-nâ or Liong-nâ|l=dragon rock}}; [[Hakka language]]: Liùng-ngàm) is a [[prefecture-level city]] in southwestern [[Fujian|Fujian Province]], [[China]], bordering [[Guangdong]] to the south and [[Jiangxi]] to the west.


==History==
== History ==
In 736 AD, (the [[Tang Dynasty]]), the [[Prefectures of the People's Republic of China|prefecture]] of [[Tingzhou fu|Tingzhou]] was established in western Fujian, or ''Minxi'' ({{lang|zh-hans|闽西}}), administering [[Changting County|Changting]], [[Huanglian (county)|Huanglian]] and [[Xinluo (county)|Xinluo]] counties. Six years later Xinluo was named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic site.
In 736 AD, (the [[Tang Dynasty]]), the [[Prefectures of the People's Republic of China|prefecture]] of [[Tingzhou fu|Tingzhou]] was established in western Fujian, or ''Minxi'' ({{lang|zh-hans|闽西}}), administering [[Changting County|Changting]], [[Huanglian (county)|Huanglian]] and [[Xinluo (county)|Xinluo]] counties. Six years later Xinluo was named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic site.


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It's said that tens of thousands of people from Longyan joined the PLA during the Chinese Civil War, and nearly every family had someone sacrificed lives on behalf of CCP side. There are more than 26,000 locals that took part in the Long March which in total is carried out by 86,000. Moreover, during 1955 and 1968, 68 people from Longyan were awarded Brigadier General or above, which accounts for 82% of all generals from Fujian province at the time, therefore, Longyan is also named after "The Home of Generals".<ref>[http://baike.baidu.com/view/20864.htm?fr=ala0_1_1 百度百科-龙岩] The introduction of Longyan on Baidu Encyclopedia</ref>
It's said that tens of thousands of people from Longyan joined the PLA during the Chinese Civil War, and nearly every family had someone sacrificed lives on behalf of CCP side. There are more than 26,000 locals that took part in the Long March which in total is carried out by 86,000. Moreover, during 1955 and 1968, 68 people from Longyan were awarded Brigadier General or above, which accounts for 82% of all generals from Fujian province at the time, therefore, Longyan is also named after "The Home of Generals".<ref>[http://baike.baidu.com/view/20864.htm?fr=ala0_1_1 百度百科-龙岩] The introduction of Longyan on Baidu Encyclopedia</ref>


==Environment==
== Environment ==
Unlike many Chinese cities, the forest coverage of Longyan reaches an unusually high 77.9%, which is unparalleled in Fujian province.<ref name="features" /> [[Meihuashan National Nature Reserve]], a part of the [[China Biosphere Reserve Network]], is located in Longyan.
Unlike many Chinese cities, the forest coverage of Longyan reaches an unusually high 77.9%, which is unparalleled in Fujian Province.<ref name="features" /> [[Meihuashan National Nature Reserve]], a part of the [[China Biosphere Reserve Network]], is located in Longyan.


Goby ''[[Rhinogobius longyanensis]]'' was first described from Longyan and named after it.<ref name=FishBase>{{FishBase |genus=Rhinogobius |species=longyanensis |month=August |year=2013}}</ref> Presumably also the prehistoric bivalve ''[[Claraia]] longyanensis'' got its name from Longyan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://paleodb.org/?a=basicTaxonInfo&taxon_no=274214 |title=†''Claraia longyanensis'' Chen 1976 (clam) |author= |year= |work=Paleobiology Database |publisher= |accessdate=20 October 2013}}</ref>
Goby ''[[Rhinogobius longyanensis]]'' was first described from Longyan and named after it.<ref name=FishBase>{{FishBase |genus=Rhinogobius |species=longyanensis |month=August |year=2013}}</ref> Presumably also the prehistoric bivalve ''[[Claraia]] longyanensis'' got its name from Longyan.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://paleodb.org/?a=basicTaxonInfo&taxon_no=274214 |title=†''Claraia longyanensis'' Chen 1976 (clam) |author= |year= |work=Paleobiology Database |publisher= |accessdate=20 October 2013}}</ref>

Revision as of 15:28, 20 June 2014

For the fruit, see Longan.
Longyan
龙岩市
Prefecture-level city
Chuxi tulou cluster in Chuxicun, Xiyang, Yongding County.
Chuxi tulou cluster in Chuxicun, Xiyang, Yongding County.
Location in Longyan City in Fujian
Location in Longyan City in Fujian
Country China
ProvinceFujian
Municipal seatXinluo
Area
[1]
 • Total19,069 km2 (7,363 sq mi)
Population
 (2010)
 • Total2,559,545
 • Density130/km2 (350/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
364000, 366000
Area code597
GDP2009[2]
 - TotalCNY 74.845 billion (USD 10.97 billion)
 - per capitaCNY 26,971 (USD 3,952)
 - GrowthIncrease 14.1%
License Plate闽F
Administrative division code350800
ISO 3166-2CN-35-08
Local dialectHokkien(by Hoklo people in Xinluo and Zhangping) Hakka Chinese
WebsiteLong Yan

Longyan (simplified Chinese: 龙岩; traditional Chinese: 龍岩; pinyin: Lóngyán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lêng-nâ or Liong-nâ; lit. 'dragon rock'; Hakka language: Liùng-ngàm) is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian Province, China, bordering Guangdong to the south and Jiangxi to the west.

History

In 736 AD, (the Tang Dynasty), the prefecture of Tingzhou was established in western Fujian, or Minxi (闽西), administering Changting, Huanglian and Xinluo counties. Six years later Xinluo was named Longyan for the nearby cavern, a famous scenic site.

Due to the ancient conflicts in central China and aggression from northern tribes, many Han people moved from central China to Longyan.

in 1734, the area was designated Longyan Prefecture by the imperial court. In 1913, it reverted to its former name Longyan County and in 1981, Longyan City was established.

Minxi was a strategic base during the Chinese Civil War.

It's said that tens of thousands of people from Longyan joined the PLA during the Chinese Civil War, and nearly every family had someone sacrificed lives on behalf of CCP side. There are more than 26,000 locals that took part in the Long March which in total is carried out by 86,000. Moreover, during 1955 and 1968, 68 people from Longyan were awarded Brigadier General or above, which accounts for 82% of all generals from Fujian province at the time, therefore, Longyan is also named after "The Home of Generals".[3]

Environment

Unlike many Chinese cities, the forest coverage of Longyan reaches an unusually high 77.9%, which is unparalleled in Fujian Province.[4] Meihuashan National Nature Reserve, a part of the China Biosphere Reserve Network, is located in Longyan.

Goby Rhinogobius longyanensis was first described from Longyan and named after it.[5] Presumably also the prehistoric bivalve Claraia longyanensis got its name from Longyan.[6]

Geography and climate

Longyan is situated in the upper reaches of the Jiulong and Ting Rivers. It borders the prefecture-level cities of Sanming to the north, Quanzhou to the east, Zhangzhou to the southeast, Meizhou (Guangdong) to the southwest, and Ganzhou (Jiangxi) to the west and northwest.

Longyan has a monsoon-influenced humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa), with short, mild winters, and long, hot and humid summers. Despite its inland location, the city's summers rank among the mildest in the province, averaging lower than even Xiamen and the islands of Pingtan County, both of which receive significant maritime moderation.[7] Rainfall is greatest in spring and early summer and at its least in autumn and early winter.

Climate data for Longyan (1971−2000)
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Daily mean °C (°F) 11.6
(52.9) 		12.9
(55.2) 		16.1
(61.0) 		20.0
(68.0) 		23.1
(73.6) 		25.7
(78.3) 		27.5
(81.5) 		27.0
(80.6) 		25.2
(77.4) 		21.7
(71.1) 		16.7
(62.1) 		12.5
(54.5) 		20.00
(68.00)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 52.9
(2.08) 		110.3
(4.34) 		199.3
(7.85) 		229.9
(9.05) 		286.5
(11.28) 		274.1
(10.79) 		125.2
(4.93) 		172.6
(6.80) 		134.6
(5.30) 		52.6
(2.07) 		46.3
(1.82) 		34.0
(1.34) 		1,718.3
(67.65)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) 9.5 14.7 17.5 18.1 21.1 17.8 15.2 15.7 13.9 7.4 5.9 6.1 162.9
Source: Weather China[8]

Demographics

The prefecture-level city of Longyan had a population of 2,559,545 inhabitants as of 2010, according to the 2010 National Census.[9] The population of Longyan in 2010 was 4.65% inferior than in 2000 (when the inhabitants of the city stand at 2,684,310), giving an average annual rate of growth of -0.47%.[9]

Administration

The municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Xinluo District (新罗区), together with the CPC and Public Security bureaux. The information about population uses the 2010 Census data.

English Name Simplified Traditional Pinyin Hakka Area Population Density
Xinluo District 新罗区 新羅區 Xīnluó Qū Sîn-lò-khî 2,685 662,429 247
Zhangping City 漳平市 Zhāngpíng Shì Chông-phìn-sṳ 2,975 240,194 81
Changting County 长汀县 長汀縣 Chángtīng Xiàn Tshòng-tin-yen 3,099 393,390 127
Yongding County 永定县 永定縣 Yǒngdìng Xiàn Yún-thin-yen 2,216 362,658 164
Shanghang County 上杭县 上杭縣 Shàngháng Xiàn Sông-hông-yen 2,879 374,047 130
Wuping County 武平县 武平縣 Wǔpíng Xiàn Vú-phìn-yen 2,630 278,182 106
Liancheng County 连城县 連城縣 Liánchéng Xiàn Lièn-sàng-yen 2,596 248,645 96

Culture

Longyan is famous for it as the "Home of Hakka People", as Hakka people takes up 75% of entire population.[4] The city of Changting is often referred to as the home of the Hakka and the Ting River is known as the "mother river" of the Hakka people. Anyway, Hoklo people in Xinluo and Zhangping speak Hokkien, while it is somewhat influenced by the Hakka accent. Due to the difference between Hoklo culture and Hakka's, there is a diversity of traditions and values in Longyan.

Economy

Longyan serves as a strategic center for the distribution of goods to Xiamen, Quanzhou and Zhangzhou. It also acts as a gateway for trade with Guangdong and Jiangxi province. It is the main connection between the inland and coastal area.

Longyan is rich in natural resources such as in important mineral deposits and forest zones. The Septwolves tobacco business is an important contributor to the local economy, as is the Zijin Mining group. The largest construction equipment maker Lonking Holdings is based in the city.

Transport

Famous people from Longyan

  • Aw Boon Haw (胡文虎) from Yongding county, Tiger Balm King of Singapore
  • Aw Boon Par (胡文豹) brother of Aw Boon Haw, and the other half of the Tiger Balm empire.
  • Chen Hong (陈宏) (b. 1979), number 1 badminton player on the world ranking list from 2002 to 2003.
  • He Wenna (何雯娜) (b. 1989), trampoline gymnast, gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
  • Lin Dan (林丹) (b. 1983), gold medalist at the 2012 and 2008 Summer Olympics, number 1 badminton player on the world ranking list from 2004 to 2008.
  • Ong Schan Tchow (翁占秋) alias Yung Len Kwui (翁联桂) (1900 - 1945), leading artist whose exhibitions in China and South East Asia raised funds for the war relief effort and civilian victims of the Second Sino-Japanese War
  • Shi Zhiyong (石智勇) (b. 1980), Weightlifter, gold medalist at the 2004 Summer Olympics.
  • Yang Chengwu (杨成武; 1914–2004), a Proletarian Revolutionist and a military strategist of the People's Liberation Army.
  • Zeng Jinyan (曾金燕) (b. 1983), blogger and human rights activist.
  • Zhang Dingcheng (张鼎丞; 1898 - December 16, 1981), the Procurator-General of the Supreme People's Procuratorate from 1954 to 1975.
  • Zhang Xiangxiang (张湘祥) (b. 1983), Weightlifter, gold medalist at the 2008 Summer Olympics and bronze medalist at the 2000 Summer Olympics.
  • Deng Zihui (邓子恢) (1896–1972) former vice premier (1951–1965), one of the top leaders of the Chinese Communist Party.

See also

References

  1. ^ "2008年行政区划" (in Simplified Chinese). Longyan Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2009-06-05. Retrieved 2009-12-08.
  2. ^ "2009年龙岩市国民经济和社会发展统计公报" (in Simplified Chinese). Longyan Municipal Statistic Bureau. 2010-03-12. Retrieved 2010-05-03.
  3. ^ 百度百科-龙岩 The introduction of Longyan on Baidu Encyclopedia
  4. ^ a b 市情特点. The characteristics of Longyan(in Simplified Chinese)
  5. ^ Froese, Rainer; Pauly, Daniel (eds.) (2013). "Rhinogobius longyanensis" in FishBase. August 2013 version.
  6. ^ "†Claraia longyanensis Chen 1976 (clam)". Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 20 October 2013.
  7. ^ Weather China
  8. ^ "龙岩 -城市介绍" (in Simplified Chinese). Weather China. Retrieved 2012-02-03.
  9. ^ a b Template:Zh icon Longyan Statistic Bureau. Data from the Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Longyan.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Longyan&oldid=613699287"