Timeline of the Syrian civil war (August–December 2014): Difference between revisions

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These things are traditionally for six months only.
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Videos surface of a ceremony honoring the unification of the rebels, who come from groups like the Islamic Front, the Mujahedeen Army, Fastaqim Kama Umirt—a unit of the Free Syrian Army—and the Asala wa-al-Tanmiya Front. The rebels in the northern part of the country advanced in key battlegrounds near Aleppo over the weekend as several groups merged and renamed themselves the [[Levant Front]]. It marks the first time since 2012 that rebel groups have officially collaborated to take on President Assad’s forces.<ref>[http://www.ibtimes.com/syrian-rebels-merge-levant-front-gain-ground-north-1767562 Syrian Rebels Merge Into 'Levant Front,' Gain Ground In North]. Retrieved 2014-12-27.</ref>
Videos surface of a ceremony honoring the unification of the rebels, who come from groups like the Islamic Front, the Mujahedeen Army, Fastaqim Kama Umirt—a unit of the Free Syrian Army—and the Asala wa-al-Tanmiya Front. The rebels in the northern part of the country advanced in key battlegrounds near Aleppo over the weekend as several groups merged and renamed themselves the [[Levant Front]]. It marks the first time since 2012 that rebel groups have officially collaborated to take on President Assad’s forces.<ref>[http://www.ibtimes.com/syrian-rebels-merge-levant-front-gain-ground-north-1767562 Syrian Rebels Merge Into 'Levant Front,' Gain Ground In North]. Retrieved 2014-12-27.</ref>


==January 2015==

===2 January===
The [[Free Syrian Army|FSA]] and [[al-Nusra Front]] launch an offensive against Hezbollah strongholds in the [[Jirud Fleita]] area, of western [[Kalamoon]], near the Lebanese border. Media sources affiliated with the Syrian opposition report that the joint forces targeted a series of military checkpoints held by Hezbollah in the area surrounding the village of Flaita in Kalamoon. Heavy losses were reported in the ranks of the pro-Assad security forces and militants of Hezbollah, as the FSA rebels seized a number of heavy and light weapons as well as boxes of ammunition during the operation. At least three FSA fighters were killed. A military official of al-Nusra reported that the ISIS presence in the area has exceeded 700 men, amid fears of escalating violence between both groups.<ref>[http://aranews.net/2015/01/syrian-rebels-report-gains-hezbollah-kalamoon/ Syrian rebels report gains against Hezbollah in Kalamoon]. January 3, 2015. ''Ara News''. Retrieved 2015-01-22.</ref>

===23 January===
A Syrian airstrike killed at least 40* January 6 - The Combined Joint Task Force combating [[ISIL]] conducts ten airstrikes in Syria, eight of them targeting the contested city of [[Kobani]], with the airstrikes destroying fourteen ISIL fighting positions and a building.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://af.reuters.com/article/worldNews/idAFKBN0KF19220150106 | title=U.S.-led forces conduct 10 air strikes in Syria, two in Iraq | date=6 January 2015 | accessdate=7 January 2015}}</ref> people in a rebel-held suburb of Damascus.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/01/23/us-mideast-crisis-attack-idUSKBN0KW1U120150123|title=Syrian air strike on rebel area kills more than 40: monitor|work=Reuters}}</ref> The Syrian air force carried out more than 5,000 airstrikes between 20 October 2014 and 20 January 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.al-akhbar.com/node/23319|title=Syria’s Air Force Carries Out More Than 5,000 Airstrikes in Three Months: SOHR|work=Al Akhbar English|accessdate=4 February 2015}}</ref>

===25 January===
Hundreds of rebels armed with rocket launchers and anti-aircraft weapons take over the Brigade 82 base near the town of [[Sheikh Maskeen]], close to the main north-south highway between the capital [[Damascus]] and [[Jordan]]. The base, one of several used to pound rebel-held villages and towns in southern Syria and along the frontier with Jordan, lies at the heart of a heavily fortified zone which formed a southern line of defense protecting Damascus. The [[Southern Front (Syrian rebel group)|Southern Front]] coalition says that this advance will help the rebels cut supply routes of Assad regime forces in the south from their supplies in the north to be able to eventually take over Deraa city. The capture of the base helped the rebels to overrun most of the nearby town of Sheikh Maskeen, which they attacked several times in last few months, but failed to seize.<ref name="rebelsovertakestrategic">[http://www.trust.org/item/20150125165642-qc1v5/ Syria rebels overtake strategic base in south]. January 25, 2015. Retrieved 2015-01-26</ref>

===26 January ===
[[People's Protection Units|Kurdish fighters]] recapture at least 90% of [[Kobanî]], Syria.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://edition.cnn.com/2015/01/26/middleeast/syria-kobani-fighting/index.html|title = Kobani falls: Kurds take strategic city from ISIS|date = 26 January 2015|accessdate = |website = |publisher = CNN|last = |first = }}</ref>

===27 January===

It is reported that many of the Syrian rebel groups which were previously favored by the CIA would have their money and supplies cut off or substantially reduced.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/01/27/exclusive-obama-cuts-funds-for-the-syrian-rebels-he-claims-to-support.html|title=Exclusive: Obama Cuts Off Syrian Rebels’ Cash|work=The Daily Beast|accessdate=4 February 2015}}</ref>

[[Israel]]i security forces claim that [[Hezbollah]] and forces loyal to the [[President of Syria]] [[Bashar al-Assad]] are responsible for [[January 2015 Mazraat Amal incident|firing rockets]] from [[Syria]]n territory onto the [[Golan Heights]] into the [[Mount Hermon ski resort]]. [http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/world/2015-01/28/c_127428713.htm (Xinhua)]

===28 January===
Hezbollah [[January 2015 Shebaa farms incident|fired anti-tank missiles]] at an Israeli military convoy in [[Shebaa farms]] near the Lebanon border, killing two soldiers and wounding seven.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.wsj.com/articles/israel-strikes-syrian-army-artillery-posts-1422433830|title=Two Israeli Soldiers Killed in Attack Claimed by Lebanon’s Hezbollah|author=Nicholas Casey in Tel Aviv and Raja Abdulrahim in Beirut|date=29 January 2015|work=WSJ|accessdate=4 February 2015}}</ref> In response, Israel fired at least 50 artillery shells across the border into southern Lebanon, resulting in fire-exchanges with Hezbollah, in which a Spanish UN peacekeeper was killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/01/israeli-soldiers-injured-shebaa-farms-missile-attack-150128100642659.html|title=Two Israeli soldiers killed in Hezbollah missile attack|publisher=|accessdate=4 February 2015}}</ref>

==February 2015==

===5 February===
Islam Army leader [[Zahran Alloush]] said that a 120-rocket attack that killed three people was a taste of what the regime had visited on eastern Ghouta. Syrian Air force airstrikes killed at least 65 people in the Eastern suburbs of Damascus unknown quantities of them insurgents. According to rebel activists, the air force carried out more than 60 strikes on the suburbs of [[Douma, Syria|Douma]], Saqba, Kafr Batna, Jobar, and Erbin.<ref>[https://en.zamanalwsl.net/mobile/readNews.php?id=8824 zamanalwsl]</ref>
===6 February ===
ISIL claims that the American female hostage [[Kayla Jean Mueller]] has been killed by Jordanian airstrikes at the outskirts of [[Raqqa]], Syria. The [[White House]] says that they have no proof of her death.<ref>{{Cite web|url = http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/M/ML_ISLAMIC_STATE_AMERICAN_HOSTAGE?SITE=AP&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT|title = ISLAMIC STATE SAYS AIRSTRIKE KILLED US HOSTAGE, US SKEPTICAL|date = |accessdate = |website = |publisher = Associated Press|last = |first = }}</ref>
===14 February===
The Kurds regain control of at least 163 villages around [[Kobani]] in the three weeks since they pushed ISIS fighters out of the town.<ref name="idUSKBN" >[http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/15/us-mideast-crisis-syria-kurds-idUSKBN0LJ10920150215 Kurds, Syrian rebels edge into Islamic State stronghold: monitor]. 02-15-2015. Retrieved 02-15-2015</ref>

===15 February===
Kurdish forces backed by Syrian rebel groups take control of a hill south of Kobani which lies within the Raqqa province - the stronghold of [[ISIS]]. It is the first time the Kurds had entered Raqqa.<ref name="idUSKBN" />

===17 February===
During an offensive aimed at cutting rebel supply lines to the Turkish border, Assad regime forces entered the village of [[Ratyan]], north of [[Aleppo]], and executions took place.<ref name="Syriaforcesexecute10children" >[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/middle-east/Syria-forces-execute-10-children-of-alleged-rebels-Report/articleshow/46324710.cms Syria forces execute 10 children of alleged rebels: Report]. Feb 21, 2015. Retrieved 2015-02-21.</ref>

===18 February===
Rebels retake the village of [[Ratyan]] and capture 32 Syrian Army soldiers and pro-government gunmen, where fighting is raging as the two sides try to grab new territory ahead of a possible truce. More than 170 fighters are killed from both sides in the clashes.<ref name="rebelscapture32" >[http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/rebels-capture-32-syrian-troops-allied-gunmen-aleppo-29071100 Rebels capture 32 Assad gov't troops and allied gunmen in Aleppo]. Feb 19, 2015. Retrieved 2015-02-21.</ref>

===19 February===
[[Doctors Without Borders]] urges all parties to facilitate the evacuation of people wounded in the clashes near Aleppo, which it says had triggered a new wave of displaced families trying to reach the Turkish border to seek shelter. Medical staff are forced to evacuate an MSF facility on the outskirts of Aleppo because of the worsening insecurity.<ref name="rebelscapture32" />

Rebels recapture the village of [[Hardatnein]] near Aleppo, two days after it was taken by Assad forces. Intense clashes are taking place outside a third village, Bashkoy, which was also taken by the government on February 17.<ref name="rebelscapture32" />

===21 February===
The SOHR monitoring group reports that ten children were among at least 48 people killed in Rityan village when Assad regime forces executed six families of rebel fighters. Villagers had discovered the bodies when they returned to their homes after the regime forces withdrew on February 18. Five women and 13 rebels from the six families were among the dead. There was no resistance except in one house where a rebel opened fire at troops before being executed along with his family. Some of the bodies had been mutilated.<ref name="Syriaforcesexecute10children" />

Eight people—among them two women and two children—are killed when a barrel bomb hit a building in an opposition-held area of Aleppo. Five people are also reported killed during the rebel shelling of regime-held areas of the city.<ref name="Syriaforcesexecute10children" />

The Syrian air force kills at least seven people in rebel areas east of Damascus.<ref name="Syriaforcesexecute10children" />

[[Turkish Army]] forces entered Syria to evacuate soldiers guarding the [[Tomb of Suleyman Shah]], a Turkish exclave inside the [[Aleppo Governorate]], and remove the sarcophagus. One Turkish soldier was killed in what a government official called an "accident" during the operation.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cnn.com/2015/02/22/middleeast/turkey-syria-tomb-rescue/|agency=CNN|title=Turkish soldiers evacuate Tomb of Suleyman Shah in Syria|date=22 February 2015|accessdate=21 February 2015}}</ref> The Turkish military convoy reportedly traveled through the town of [[Kobanî]], recently [[Siege of Kobanî|liberated]] from ISIL control by Kurdish and FSA forces with coalition air support.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31572257|agency=BBC News|title=Turkey enters Syria to evacuate Suleyman Shah tomb|date=22 February 2015|accessdate=21 February 2015}}</ref>

===24 February===
According to the Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, ISIL has abducted 90 [[Assyrian people|Assyrian]] Christians after it seized Assyrian villages near [[Tell Tamer]] from Kurdish forces.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/02/monitor-90-christians-abducted-isil-syria-150224083452197.html|agency=Al Jazeera|title=Monitor: 90 Christians abducted by ISIL in Syria|date=24 February 2015|accessdate=24 February 2015}}</ref>

===27 February===
Kurdish forces dealt a blow to the Islamic State by capturing Tel Hamis, a strategically important town in north-eastern Syria. The British-based Observatory said that Kurdish forces killed at least 175 members and commanders of the ultra-hardline Islamist militants in an offensive which began last weekend.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/02/27/us-mideast-crisis-syria-kurds-idUSKBN0LV1N320150227}}</ref>

===28 February===

ISIL forces retreat following clashes in Tall Brak, a town in north-east Syria in the al-Hasakah governorate, in the second ISIL defeat in two days after also retreating from Tel Hamis.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://syriahr.com/en/2015/02/clashes-break-out-in-the-town-of-tal-brak-in-the-province-of-al-hasakah/|title=Clashes break out in the town of Tal Brak in the province of al- Hasakah|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>

==March 2015==

===4 March===

Rebels set off a large quantity of explosives in a tunnel running underneath or near Air Force Intelligence's headquarters in the Jamiat al-Zahra district of Aleppo, causing part of the building to collapse and reverberating throughout most of the city. Immediately after, heavy fighting broke out, with al-Nusra Front fighters and hardline Islamist rebel groups bombarding the area and attempting to advance. Assad regime forces responded with artillery and called in air strikes, eventually repelling the attackers. The dead included members of Air Force Intelligence, pro-Assad regime militiamen and Hezbollah fighters, as well as rebel attackers.<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31730249 Syria conflict: Blast 'hits Aleppo intelligence HQ']. Retrieved 2015-03-04.</ref>

===5 March===

In retaliation for the Air Force Intelligence headquarter attack, the Syrian army conducted an air strike against al-Nusra Front in the al-Habit area. As a result, the jihadists' military chief Abu Homam al-Shami was killed, along with three other prominent leaders.
Meanwhile in Aleppo, the government forces launched an attack on the rebels in the west of the city.
<ref>[http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-31757502 Government forces reportedly launched an assault on rebel positions in the west of the city]. Retrieved 2015-03-05.</ref>

===7 March===

The head of the [[Free Syrian Army|rebel-aligned]] [[Al-Anfal Brigade]], alongside 70 of its fighters, laid down their weapons to the SAA.<ref>[http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/11/us-mideast-crisis-defections-idUSKBN0M722D20150311 Reuters:Seventy insurgents defect to Syrian army in Damascus suburb]. Retrieved 2015-03-13.</ref>

===13 March===

The Liwaa Hateen Brigade from the Rif Dimashq Governorate defected to the National Defense Forces after fighting the SAA for more than three years.<ref>[http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/rebel-brigade-defects-to-the-national-defense-forces-in-southern-damascus/ Rebel brigade defects to the National Defense Forces in southern Damascus]. Retrieved 2015-03-13.</ref>

===16 March===

The rebel-aligned Liwaa Sham Al-Rasoul brigade surrendered to the Syrian government-backed National Defense Forces (NDF). According to a military source, this is the third rebel group to defect from the FSA in 8 days – the other two rebel groups defected in the Yarmouk Camp and Al-Tadamon Districts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/rebel-group-surrenders-and-defects-to-national-defense-forces-at-beit-sahm/|title=Rebel Group Surrenders and Defects to National Defense Forces at Beit Sahm|author=Leith Fadel|work=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>

===20 March===
A military-related source confirmed the downing of a [[UAV|drone]] identified as a U.S. MQ-1 Predator; the aircraft was reportedly shot down in the Latakia Governorate.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/u-s-drone-downed-by-the-syrian-air-defenses-complete-story/|title=U.S. Drone Downed by the Syrian Air Defenses: Complete Story|author=Leith Fadel|work=Al-Masdar News|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>

===22 March===
Rebels linked to the Al-Nusra Front down a government helicopter in the Idlib province. Four crew members are captured and a fifth is reportedly executed.

===23 March===
Islamic State fighters move to attack the government-held Tadmur airbase near Homs as they continue their westward offensive.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/world/report-islamic-state-moves-west-to-attack-syrian-army-in-homs-2071299?|title='Islamic State moves west to attack Syrian army in Homs'|work=dna|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref> Islamic State fighters also down a Syrian government Su-24 warplane near the Shaar gasfield east of Homs.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/isis-syrian-regime-sukhoi-su-24-warplane-shot-down-near-homs-by-islamic-state-militants-1493165?|title=Isis: Syrian regime Sukhoi Su-24 warplane 'shot down' near Homs by Islamic State militants|work=International Business Times UK|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>

===25 March===

Al Nursa Front and allied groups begin their offensive against Idlib. "A coalition of armed opposition groups, operating under the name “The Victory Army,” have now taken “around 10 percent” of the city after seizing a series of checkpoints along Idlib's perimeter Tuesday and Wednesday, Abu al-Yazid, a spokesman for Ahrar a-Sham, one the participating battalions, told Syria Direct Wednesday." <ref>{{cite web|url=http://syriadirect.org/main/30-reports/1942-rebels-launch-full-on-assault-of-idlib-city|title=Rebels launch full-on assault of Idlib city|publisher=|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>

===28 March===

The Al-Nusra Front have announced the capture of Idlib.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-32100644|title=Syria crisis: Idlib 'captured by Islamist groups'|work=BBC News|accessdate=30 March 2015}}</ref>

===31 March===
[[Jordan]] closes the [[Nasib Border Crossing|Nasib crossing]], its only functioning border crossing with Syria, following heavy clashes on the Syrian side between rebels and Syrian state forces.<ref name="isenterspalestiniancamp" >[http://www.wdam.com/story/28692173/is-enters-palestinian-camp-in-damascus-jordan-closes-border IS enters Palestinian camp in Damascus; Jordan closes border]. Retrieved 2015-04-01.</ref>

==April 2015==

===1 April===
[[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]] fighters infiltrate the [[Palestinian people|Palestinian]] refugee camp [[Yarmouk Camp|Yarmouk]] from the nearby Hajar Aswad neighborhood in Damascus and clash with members of an anti-Assad Palestinian faction called Aknaf Beit al-Maqdis. Large parts of the camp are taken by ISIS.<ref name="isenterspalestiniancamp" />

The Free Syrian Army and its allies [[Battle of Nasib Border Crossing|take control of the Nasib border crossing]] with Jordan after forcing pro-Assad militias to withdraw from the area.<ref>[http://aranews.net/2015/04/syrian-rebels-seize-border-crossing-with-jordan/ Syrian rebels seize border crossing with Jordan]. Retrieved 2015-04-01.</ref>

===13 April===

[[People's Protection Units|People's Protection Units (YPG)]] and [[Free Syrian Army|Free Syrian Army (FSA)]] fighters capture the Lafarge Cement Plant near Xerib Hishq in the [[Kobanê Canton]] after heavy fighting. The offensive also captures the tows of Janban, Munif Kor, and Xerib Hishq itself.

Meanwhile, [[ISIS]] launches an offensive to the west attempting to retake Nor Ali and Sabat Tahtani on the M4 motorway.

===19 April===
ISIS launches an offensive in [[Tadmur]], with clashes erupting in the city's outskirts. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://syriahr.com/en/2015/04/3-fighters-at-least-from-the-islamic-battalions-killed-in-daraa-while-clashes-erupt-in-the-east-of-homs/|title=3 fighters at least from the Islamic battalions killed in Daraa, while clashes erupt in the east of homs|work=SOHR|accessdate=20 April 2015}}</ref>

===23 April===
The [[2015_Idlib_offensive#Rebel_Jisr_al-Shughur_offensive|Jisr al-Shughur offensive]] in the north-west was launched by the [[Battle of Victory]] operations rooms.

===25 April===
The [[Battle of Victory]] captured the city of [[Jisr al-Shughur]] in northwestern Syria.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-32461693|title=Syria conflict: Islamists capture Jisr al-Shughur|work=BBC News|accessdate=19 June 2015}}</ref>

===29 April===
Unprecedented fighting erupts between Assad regime troops and [[National Defence Forces (Syria)|National Defense Force]] members in the Alawite-populated Zahraa quarter of central [[Homs]] due to “internal differences” breaking out when the inhabitants of Zahraa and [a nearby Armenian quarter] began to complain about the actions of the NDF members.” The clashes resulted in a number of fatalities, and Assad regime troops found a car rigged with explosives meant to assassinate Homs Governor Talal al-Barazi in the NDF headquarters.<ref>[https://now.mmedia.me/lb/en/NewsReports/565203-regime-fights-own-militia-in-homs Regime fights own militia in Homs]. retrieved 2015-05-01.</ref>

==May 2015==
===13 May===
The Islamic State group [[Battle of Palmyra (2015)|seizes large parts]] of the town of [[Al-Sukhnah]] and its surroundings in the Homs province in clashes that killed 48 regime soldiers and IS fighters, in fighting since the previous night.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/wires/afp/article-3079865/Over-48-dead-IS-fights-army-Syrias-Homs.html 48 dead as IS fights army in Syria's Homs]. Retrieved 2015-05-14.</ref>

===15 May===
On May 15, [[Delta Force|1st SFOD-Delta]] operators from the [[Joint Special Operations Command]] based in Iraq conducted an operation in al-Amr (Eastern Syria) to capture a senior IS leader named [[Abu Sayyaf (ISIL)|Abu Sayyaf]], which in resulted in his death and the capture of his wife [[Umm Sayyaf]], when he tried to engage U.S. forces in combat.<ref name="new US raid in Syria1"/><ref name="new US raid in Syria2"/><ref name="new US raid in Syria3"/>

===19 May===
A rebel coalition that includes the Al Nusra front and calls itself the "Army of Conquest" (or Jaish al-Fatah) seized the town of Mastouma and the town's army base in the Idlib province. Government forces withdrew south to Ariha. <ref>[http://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/May-19/298543-rebels-take-largest-remaining-army-base-in-syrias-idlib-activists.ashx Rebels take largest remaining army base in Syria's Idlib: activists]. Retrieved 2015-05-19.</ref>

===20 May===
The Islamic State captured Palmyra from government forces. <ref>[http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/21/world/middleeast/syria-isis-fighters-enter-ancient-city-of-palmyra.html?_r=0 ISIS Fighters Seize Control of Syrian City of Palmyra, and Ancient Ruins]. Retrieved 2015-05-22.</ref>

===26 May===
According to pro-governmental sources, ISIS continued their push towards Homs, with the frontline now being at Qurayteen, Al-Furqlus, the Shaer mountains, and the Tiyas airbase. According to these sources, ISIS was, at this point, 35 km from Homs <ref>[http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/east-homs-erupts-with-violence-isis-attacking-multiple-areas/]. Retrieved 2015-05-22.</ref>

===28 May===
The rebel "Army of Conquest" coalition (Jaish al-Fatah) attacked the town of Ariha in the Idlib province, the last major town in the Idlib province still held by the government. The town was captured by the rebels later the same day. <ref>[http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2015/05/28/Al-Qaeda-allies-take-last-regime-held-city-in-Syria-s-Idlib-.html Nusra takes last regime-held town in Syria's Idlib]. Retrieved 2015-05-28.</ref>

===29 May===
According to a military source, Jabhat Al-Nusra issued a Declaration of War against the YPG in the province of Aleppo.<ref>[http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/jabhat-al-nusra-issues-a-declaration-of-war-against-the-ypg-in-aleppo/ Jabhat Al-Nusra Issues a Declaration of War Against the YPG in Aleppo]. Retrieved 2015-05-29.</ref>

===30 May===
ISIS began an offensive against Syrian government forces towards the city of Hassakeh, a city divided between the Syrian government and the YPG.<ref>[https://www.dailystar.com.lb/News/Middle-East/2015/Jun-05/300666-isis-militants-at-the-gates-of-hassakeh.ashx ISIS militants at the gates of Hassakeh]. Retrieved 2015-06-06.</ref>

==June 2015==

===10 June===
* FSA and the Islamic Front seize Brigade 52 base from government forces,<ref>{{cite web|title=Syria crisis: Rebels say they have seized control of key army base in southern Daraa province in new regime setback|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-06-10/syria-rebels-overrun-key-army-base-in-new-regime-setback/6534182|accessdate=10 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Syrian rebel forces seize major military base from government|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jun/09/syrian-rebel-forces-seize-major-military-base-government-forces|accessdate=10 June 2015}}</ref> which is located east of the town of [[Al-Hirak, Syria|Al Hirak]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2015/06/09/rebels-attack-sprawling-army-base-in-southern-syria-capture-nearby-village/|title=Rebels attack sprawling army base in southern Syria, capture nearby village|work=Fox News|accessdate=19 June 2015}}</ref> (coordinates: {{coord|32|44|25|N|36|19|11|E|display:inline_type:landmark}}).
* [[Qalb Loze massacre]]

===16 June===
YPG and FSA forces captured Tell Abyad from ISIS uniting the Kobanî and Jazira Cantons<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/06/ypg-and-rebels-take-full-control-on-tal-abiad-city/|title=YPG and rebels take full control on Tal Abiad city|author=Master|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights|accessdate=19 June 2015}}</ref>

===23 June===
A crowd of 200 Demonstrators of a Druze community in Majdal Shams on the Golan Heights attacked an Israeli military ambulance carrying 2 "injured Syrians" (alleged Islamic rebels), killing one of them and slightly wounding two IDF soldiers. The attack came two weeks after 20 Druze were killed in an unprecedented shoot-out with the Al-Qaeda affiliate Al-Nusra Front in the Idlib province in northwestern Syria. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/06/druze-israel-syria-ambulance-attacked-150623010047887.html|title=Druze attack Israeli ambulance carrying wounded Syrians|work=aljazeera.com}}</ref>

===25 June===
ISIL launches attacks on the cities of Kobani and Hasakah in northern Syria. In Kobani two car bombs and subsequent clashes between ISIL infiltrators and the YPG left at least 30 dead, whilst 20 more were killed in the nearby village of Barkh Botan. In Hasakah, ISIL seized numerous districts and institutions in the city resulting in a wave of refugees fleeing the clashes in the city. 30 Regime and 20 ISIL fighters were reportedly killed in the clashes. In southern Syria, 51 rebel factions initiate a battle to capture the city of Deraa resulting in fierce clashes and heavy bombardment by the Syrian government. There are reports of casualties in Deraa and the surrounding villages. <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-middle-east-33266399|title=Syria crisis: IS makes deadly return to Kobane|work=BBC News}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/06/more-than-13-people-killed-in-the-ongoing-clashes-inside-the-city-of-ayn-al-arab-kobani/|title=More than 13 people killed in the ongoing clashes inside the city of Ayn al- Arab (Kobani)|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/06/is-storm-the-city-of-al-hasakah-and-seize-neighborhoods-in-it-50-deaths-in-the-clashes/|title=IS storm the city of al- Hasakah and seize neighborhoods in it, 50 deaths in the clashes|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/06/the-battle-of-aasefat-al-janoub-starts-and-more-that-51-rebel-and-islamic-factions-aim-to-seize-the-city-of-daraa-and-its-vicinity/|title=The battle of “Aasefat al- Janoub” starts and more that 51 rebel and Islamic factions aim to seize the city of Daraa and its vicinity|author=sohranas|work=Syrian Observatory For Human Rights}}</ref>

=== 26 June ===
[[Kobani#June 2015 massacres|2015 Kobani massacre]]
* [[Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant|Islamic State]] kills 146 civilians in [[Kobani]], the second largest massacre since the start of the conflict when the extremist group executed 700 members of the [[al-Sheitaat]] tribe in eastern Syria. <ref>{{cite web|title=Kobani Clashes: At Least 146 Civilians Killed As Kurdish YPG Fighters Move East Toward ISIS 'Capital' Raqqa|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/kobani-clashes-least-146-civilians-killed-kurdish-ypg-fighters-move-east-toward-isis-1984066|website=IBT|accessdate=26 June 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Islamic State Kills 146 Civilians in Kobani|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/islamic-state-kills-civilians-in-kobani/2838036.html|accessdate=26 June 2015}}</ref>
An Islamic State [[suicide bomber]] kills at least 20 people in the city of [[Hasakeh]]. <ref>{{cite web|title=IS suicide blast kills 20 Syria regime troops: monitor|url=http://news.yahoo.com/suicide-blast-kills-20-syria-regime-troops-monitor-173006076.html|accessdate=26 June 2015}}</ref>

==July 2015==

=== 4 July ===
Rebels captured a former scientific research centre in Aleppo, which threatened regime-held areas in New Aleppo.<ref>{{cite web|title=Syrian rebels advance in government-held Aleppo|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/04/syrian-rebels-advance-west-government-held-aleppo|accessdate=4 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Syria rebels take army center in regime-held Aleppo|url=http://english.alarabiya.net/en/News/middle-east/2015/07/04/Syria-rebels-take-army-center-in-regime-held-Aleppo.html|accessdate=4 July 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Syria: rebels launch massive offensive in Aleppo|url=http://www.euronews.com/2015/07/04/syria-rebels-launch-massive-offensive-in-aleppo/|accessdate=4 July 2015}}</ref>

=== 5 July ===
Hezbollah and SAA anounce they had entered the rebel-held city of Zabadani on the second day of a major offensive to capture the border area around the Beirut-Damascus highwaybroke. Over 2,000 rebels from groups that include Nusra Front have planted mines and fortified their positions inside the besieged city ahead of expected heavy street fighting.<ref>{{cite web|title=Lebanese Hezbollah and Syrian army enter rebel-held border city|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/07/05/us-mideast-crisis-zabadani-idUSKCN0PF0AH20150705|accessdate=6 July 2015}}</ref>

=== 13 July ===
The SAA Tiger Forces capture the Ancient Quarries in the northwestern countryside of Palmyra after fierce clashes with the Islamic State of Iraq and Syria (ISIS). According to a military source, SAA units are less than 2 km from the Qassoun Checkpoint that leads to the Qassoun Mountains of Palmyra<ref>{{cite web|title=Breaking: Tiger Forces Capture the Palmyra Quarries|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/breaking-tiger-forces-capture-the-palmyra-quarries/|accessdate=13 July 2015}}</ref>

=== 18 July ===
On July 17, [[YPG]] captured the Al-Ahdath Prison from ISIL,<ref>{{cite web|title=Explosion near the Syrian – Iraqi border in the countryside of Al-Hasakah|url=http://www.syriahr.com/en/2015/07/explosion-near-the-syrian-iraqi-border-in-the-countryside-of-al-hasakah/|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref> in an action that effectively encircled over 1,200 ISIL combatants in the city of Hasakah.<ref>{{cite web|title=ISIS Offensive in Al-Hasakah Ends Miserably: 1,200 Militants Trapped Inside the City|url=http://www.almasdarnews.com/article/isis-offensive-in-al-hasakah-ends-miserably-1200-militants-trapped-inside-the-city/|accessdate=21 July 2015}}</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist|2|
{{reflist|2|
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Revision as of 14:40, 25 July 2015

This article is about the Syrian Civil War from August 2014 to present. For other time periods, see Timeline of the Syrian Civil War.


The following is a timeline of the Syrian Civil War from August 2014 to present. Information about aggregated casualty counts is found at Casualties of the Syrian Civil War.

Timeline

August 2014

7 August

Rebel militants withdrew from the Lebanese town of Arsal after a ceasefire with the Lebanese army.[1]

8 August

ISIS forces captured two towns - Akhtarin and Turkmanbareh - and several villages north of Aleppo, after battles with other rebel groups.[2][3]

18 August

By mid-August 2014, ISIL was the most successful group in Syria, controlling the main areas of Syrian oil and gas fields.[4]

24 August

ISIS forces captured the Tabqa airbase from the Syrian military.[5][6]

26 August

Al-Qaeda affiliate Al-Nusra Front retook the Syria border crossing with Israel-occupied Golan at Quneitra, with shells dropping across the border.[7] An IDF officer was wounded and Israel shelled two Syrian bases.

Syrian airstrikes reportedly hit an area near the embattled Beqaa town of Arsal.[8]

27 August

An artillery shell fired from the Syrian Army from Qunetira injured an Israeli army officer.[9][10] Rebel forces captured the Syrian side of the Quneitra Israel-Syria border pass after heavy fighting.[11]

28 August

Syrian rebels captured the Syrian-Israeli border crossing.[12] Syrian fighter jets launched a precise attack on an IS HQ in the city of Mohasan, during a meeting between military leaders and sharia judges. The attack resulted in the death of most leaders inside, while others were wounded.[13][14] Another airstrike occurred against an IS camp near Baath Dam, killing and wounding dozens of insurgents.[15] According to SOHR, ISIS executed 160 Syrian soldiers between 27 and 28 August.[14]

September 2014

1 September

The Syrian Army began shelling al-Nusra Front positions in the Qunetira border post.[16][16][17][18][19][20] On 2 September, ISIL killed Steven Sotloff. On 3 September, the Syrian Army killed Malek al Tal, a senior al-Nusra commander in the Qalamoun region in Syria. He was responsible for the kidnapping of several Christian nuns in Syria earlier in the year.[21][22]

Also, ISIS launched an attempt to capture the Deir ez-Zor military airport, but the attempt was repelled while the army launched airstrikes on ISIS positions. ISIS lost at least 47 fighters.[23] On 5 September the Syrian Air Force killed 18 IS fighters during airstrikes on the city of Raqqah.[24]

The ISIL killed a Lebanese soldier in the town of Arsal.[25] Also, the Syrian Air Force carried out several airstrikes in Raqqah targeting an Islamic court and a training camp. The Syrian Air Force also targeted a bakery, killing dozens of civilians.[26]

9 September

Syrian Army units retreated from the Khan al Hallabat area, after rebels advanced there.[27] At the same time, rebels captured Tell al-Mal, which connects the Quneitra and Daraa provinces.[28] Rebels also captured Al-Mal, al-Taiha, Aqraba, and the border village of Kafar Nasig east of the hill.[29] At this point, according to the SOHR, rebels controlled about 70% of the Quneitra Governorate.[30]

11 September

President Barack Obama authorized US airstrikes against IS inside Syria.[31] On 12 September, the Syrian Army re-took control of the town of Halfaya in the Hama Province, after expelling al-Nusra fighters from the town.[32]

14 September

David Haines was killed by ISIL.[33] Also, the Free Syrian Army announced that they would not be joining the coalition to fight IS without a guarantee that the US is committed to the Syrian Arab Army overthrow.[34]

15 September

Syrian Arab Army and Syrian Special Forces destroyed a bridge over the Euphrates river used by ISIL. A number of IS fighters were killed during the operation.[35]

18 September

IS fighters seized around 21 villages in Northern Syria from Kurdish fighters. The villages were located near Ayn-Al-Arab (Kobani).[36][37][38][39]

22 September

Bombing raids by an American-led International Coalition (Bahrain, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates) targeted ISIS and Al Qaeda's Khorasan franchise, escalating the war to a new level.[40] The airstrikes in Aleppo on the Khorasan group killed at least 50 militants, who were mostly not Syrian, and also a few women and children.[41][42][43]

By 22 September, ISIL had taken around 100 villages from Kurdish fighters in Kobani and they were besieging the city of Kobani.[44]

24 September

Coalition aircraft began targeting oil installations controlled by the ISIL, mostly located in Al Hasakah, Abu Kamail, and Deir el-Zour.[45][46][47]

25 September

The Syrian army retook control of the village of Adra, located near Damascus. In Deir-Ezzur, the Syrian republican guard killed over 80 ISIL fighters in the Al-Haweeqa area. IS was also withdrawing from the Tabqa airbase in Raqqa after being hit by several airstrikes from coalition jets as well as the Syrian air force.[48][49][50]

26–27 September

ISIL resumed its siege of Kobani with a full-scale assault from the west, east and south of the city. US-led coalition air strikes targeting ISIL fighters besieging Kobani were reported on 27 September 2014. An ISIL building and two "armed vehicles" were destroyed at the Kobani border crossing, according to the Pentagon.[51]

29 September

With more errant shells landing on Turkish territory, the Parliament in Ankara begins debating a possible invasion, while the Army begins massing ordinance on the border with Syria.[52]

30 September

Following American airstrikes, Kurdish Peshmerga take a vital border crossing at Rabia. ISIS suffers damaged equipment and delayed advances due to American air superiority, buying the Kurds in northern part of Syria time to recover.[53]

October 2014

3 October

The Syrian army started an offensive on areas north of Aleppo. According to the Syrian state news agency, the Syrian army captured a few villages north of Aleppo, including the city of Handarat. It was later reported that rebel forces recaptured Handaraat.[54]

6 October

ISIL fighters advanced in the Kurdish town of Kobani with heavy fighting inside the city. It is unclear if some parts of the city are captured, but ISIS fighters planted their flags on some buildings inside the city.[55]

Opposition fighters seize Al Harra hill, south of Damascus, after fighting with Assad forces, seizing large quantity of arms and ammunition.[56]

10 October

ISIL push to capture the town of Kobani. The town has served as the headquarters of the Kurdish resistance. Reports say ISIS controls nearly 40% of the city. Kurdish leaders requested foreign intervention in an attempt to repel the assault on the town. 12,000 civilians are reported trapped in the city. The Syrian delegate to the UN requested foreign aid, particularly from Turkey, to evacuate the citizens, who will likely face massacre in the event of an ISIS takeover.[57]

11 October

The Syrian army continues its offensive in Damascus and on 8 October captured the town of Al-Rayhan near Duma, and on 11 October Ayn Tarma, a decisive blow to the already exhausted Jaysh Al-Islam fighters.[58][59]

12 October

Despite the capture of their headquarters in Kobane, Kurdish fighters continue a fierce resistance. Coalition airstrikes continue to pound the area, but ISIS is unrelenting in their attempts to capture the city.[60]

Meanwhile, in the eastern province of Deir al-Zor, ISIS clashed with the Syrian army.[61]

18 October

After heavy fighting inside the city of Kobane, Kurdish fighters with support of coalition airstrikes managed to push back IS fighters from most of the city. In the meantime, the Syrian Army continued its offensive north of Aleppo, capturing a glass factory, a cement plant, and the village of Al-Jubeileh near the Aleppo Central Prison. The Syrian Army now has all main supply lines to Aleppo under its control.[62][63]

23 October

After months of fighting, the Syrian army captured Morek, a strategic town on the highway linking the cities of Hama and Aleppo.[64]

November 2014

9 November

Nusra Front and other local rebels capture the southern city of Nawa from Syrian Arab Army forces after months of fighting.[65][66]

23 November

ISIL downs one of Syrian Arab Army fighter planes over the city of Deir Ezzor. According to SOHR, the Syrian Arab Army plane had carried out twenty airstrikes over the town the previous night, but it was the first time that ISIS had succeeded in bringing one down.[67]

Almost 100 people were killed and many more critically injured in at least 10 Syrian government airstrikes in Raqqa, according to SOHR. Targets included the city's al-Hani Mosque and the public souk, or market.[68]

28 November

According to the New Straits Times (a government-controlled Malaysian newspaper), activists and opposition figures indicate the demise of the Revolution to topple Assad, calling the revolt a failure.[69]

According to a Kurdish official and activists, ISIL raids Kobani from a base in Turkey.[70]

December 2014

6 December

17 rebel leaders in southern Syria signed a joint defense pact in order to project a more united front and receive increased backing from Western and Arab backers.[71][72]

9 December

Rebels in northern Syria announced that the US has stopped paying them, which will affect over 8,000 rebel fighters deployed in Hama and Idlib.[73]

10 December

A senior US State Departement official stated that the country's armed opposition would not be able to militarily defeat the Assad government.[74]

14 December

After months of violent clashes with Jaysh Al-Islam, the Syrian army declared the East District of Jobar under complete fire control. As a result of this progression, approximately 800 Jaysh Al-Islam militants are now trapped inside Jobar, with almost nowhere to retreat. Meanwhile, the Syrian army continues its offensive in Aleppo by capturing Al-Manasheer, the Al-Bureijj Stone Quarries, and the Wood Factory in the Industrial District near the Al-Jandoul Roundabout in northeast Aleppo.[75][76]

15 December

Nusra Front and other rebels captured two military bases at Wadi Deif and Hamidiyeh in the Idlib province from government forces, after two years of fighting.[77][78]

19 December

Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu says that Turkey may begin training and equipping moderate Syrian opposition fighters before March 2015.[79]

In the five-part video series 'The War Next Door,' a VICE journalist goes behind the scenes with the IDF unit which gathers wounded Syrian rebel fighters in the dead of night and brings them to Israel for treatment.[80]

25 December

Videos surface of a ceremony honoring the unification of the rebels, who come from groups like the Islamic Front, the Mujahedeen Army, Fastaqim Kama Umirt—a unit of the Free Syrian Army—and the Asala wa-al-Tanmiya Front. The rebels in the northern part of the country advanced in key battlegrounds near Aleppo over the weekend as several groups merged and renamed themselves the Levant Front. It marks the first time since 2012 that rebel groups have officially collaborated to take on President Assad’s forces.[81]

  1. ^ "Syria militants leave Lebanese border town - US News". US News & World Report. Retrieved 25 October 2014.
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  30. ^ "About 70 % of the villages and towns in Quneitra under rebel control". Retrieved 25 October 2014.
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