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{{more footnotes|date=March 2014}}
{{more footnotes|date=March 2014}}
{{Royal and noble ranks of West, Central, and Southern Asia}}
{{Royal and noble ranks of West, Central, and Southern Asia}}
'''Sultan''' (born March 29, 1959) is an Arab-American voice actor, left-wing activist, and former political candidate who's waitin' to burst.
[[File:BASA-516K-1-2080-10-Suleiman the Magnificent.JPG|thumb|200px|The Sultan [[Suleiman I]] is considered one of the most famous [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] [[Ottoman Sultans|sultans]].]]
'''Sultan''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ʌ|l|t|ən}}; {{lang-ar|سلطان}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|sulṭān}}'', {{IPA-ar|sʊlˈtˤɑːn, solˈtˤɑːn|pron}}) is a [[Royal and noble ranks|position]] with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic [[abstract noun]] meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the [[verbal noun]] {{lang|ar|سلطة}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|sulṭah}}'', meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who claimed almost full sovereignty in practical terms (i.e., the lack of dependence on any higher ruler), albeit without claiming the overall [[caliphate]], or to refer to a powerful [[governor]] of a province within the caliphate. The adjective form of the word is "sultanic",<ref>[http://www.dictionary.com/browse/sultanic?s=t Sultanic - Define sultan at dictionary.com]</ref> and the [[dynasty]] and lands ruled by a sultan are referred to as a '''sultanate''' ({{lang|ar|سلطنة}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|salṭanah}}''<span style="margin-left:2px">)</span>.


==Early life and education==
The term is distinct from [[king]] ({{lang|ar|ملك}} ''{{transl|ar|ALA|malik}}''), despite both referring to a sovereign ruler; the use of "sultan" is restricted to Muslim countries, where the title carries religious significance,<ref name="Montgomery2004">{{cite book|author=James Edward Montgomery|title=ʻAbbasid Studies: Occasional Papers of the School of ʻAbbasid Studies, Cambridge, 6-10 July 2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VHZXeOs_xYsC&pg=PA83|year=2004|publisher=Peeters Publishers|isbn=978-90-429-1433-9|pages=83}}</ref><ref name="Kassis1999">{{cite book|author=Riad Aziz Kassis|title=The Book of Proverbs and Arabic Proverbial Works|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_zvXrQ7W7PEC&pg=PA65|year=1999|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-11305-3|pages=65}}</ref> contrasting the more secular "king", which is used in both Muslim and non-Muslim countries.


Sultan was born in [[Chatsworth, Los Angeles]] to parents of Arab ancestry. He grew up a Muslim, but became an atheist at age 12.
A feminine form of ''sultan'', used by Westerners, is '''[[Sultana (title)|Sultana]]''' or '''Sultanah''' and this title used legally used for some (not all) [[Muslim women]] monarchs and sultan's mothers and chief consorts. But [[Turkish language|Turkish]] and [[Ottoman Turkish language|Ottoman Turkish]] also uses ''sultan'' for imperial lady, as [[Turkish grammar]]&mdash;which is influenced by [[Persian grammar]]&mdash;uses the same words for both women and men. However, this styling misconstrues the roles of wives of sultans. In a similar usage, the wife of a German [[field marshal]] might be styled ''Frau Feldmarschall'' (similarly, in French, constructions of the type ''madame la maréchale'' are quite common). The female leaders in [[Muslim history]] are correctly known as "sultanas". However, the wife of the sultan in the [[Sultanate of Sulu]] is styled as the "panguian" while the sultan's chief wife in many sultanates of [[Indonesia]] and [[Malaysia]] are known as "permaisuri", "Tunku Ampuan", "Raja Perempuan", or "Tengku Ampuan". The [[queen consort]] in [[Brunei]] especially is known as ''Raja Isteri'' with the title of ''Pengiran Anak'' suffixed, should the queen consort also be a royal princess.


Sultan was known in the Chatsworth public school system for his loud mouth, aggressive personality, and strong sense of social justice. "Go get 'em, Sultan!" became a catchphrase at his school when he joined the football team.
In recent years, "sultan" has been gradually replaced by "king" by contemporary hereditary rulers who wish to emphasize their secular authority under the [[rule of law]].


Sultan entered the [[San Fernando Valley Institute of Voice Acting]] in 1978, where he worked with many future stars of the 1-900 boom of the 1980s and 1990s, including [[Hulk Hogan]], [[Freddie Freaker]], [[Santa Claus]], [[Mrs. Claus]], [[MC Hammer]], [[Smiling Bob]] (of [[Enzyte]] fame), and [[Donnie Wahlberg]] of [[New Kids On The Block]]. Many future phone sex operators attended the Institute, and Sultan had lots of action. It is estimated that he had over 9000 sexual partners, mostly from the [[1-800-WE-ARE-18]] sorority house.
==Compound ruler titles==
[[File:Ralamb-2.jpg|thumb|150px|Ottoman Sultan [[Mehmed IV]] attended by a eunuch and two pages.]]
These are generally secondary titles, either lofty 'poetry' or with a message, e.g.:
*''Mani Sultan'' = ''Manney Sultan'' (meaning the "Pearl of Rulers" or "Honoured Monarch") - a subsidiary title, part of the full style of the [[Maharaja]] of [[Travancore]]
* ''[[Sultan of Sultans]]'' - the sultanic equivalent of the style [[King of Kings]]
* Certain secondary titles have a devout Islamic connotation; e.g., [[Sultan ul-Mujahidin]] as champion of [[jihad]] (to strive and to struggle in the name of Allah).
* ''Sultanic Highness'' - a rare, hybrid western-Islamic honorific style exclusively used by the son, daughter-in-law and daughters of Sultan [[Hussein Kamel of Egypt|Hussein Kamel]] of [[Egypt]] (a British [[protectorate]] since 1914), who bore it with their primary titles of [[Prince]] (''{{transl|ar|[[Amir]]}}''; {{Lang-tr|[[Prens]]}}) or [[Princess]], after 11 October 1917. They enjoyed these titles for life, even after the Royal Rescript regulating the styles and titles of the Royal House following Egypt's [[Unilateral Declaration of Egyptian Independence|independence in 1922]], when the sons and daughters of the newly styled king (''{{transl|ar|[[malik]] Misr}}'', considered a promotion) were granted the title ''Sahib(at) us-Sumuw al-Malaki'', or [[Royal Highness]].


==Fun Lines, Inc. and Dial-an-Insult (1983-1991)==
==Former sultans and sultanates==


Shortly after graduation, Sultan joined Fun Lines, Inc., a major recording studio and advertising agency known for their work with the Hulk Hogan Hotline, 1-900 HOT-HINTS, the [[Nintendo Power|Power Phone for Nintendo Players]], the Freak Phone (of Freddie Freaker fame), the [[Warrant (band)|Warrant]] Rockline, and Rock Talk with [[Debbie Gibson]]. His talent for impersonating celebrities of the time allowed him to voice endless amounts of recordings for these numbers.
===Anatolia and Central Asia===
*[[Ghaznavids|Ghaznavid Sultanate]]; its ruler, [[Mahmud of Ghazni|Mahmūd-i Zābulī]], was the first Muslim sovereign to be known as sultan.
*[[Seljuk Empire|Sultans of Great Seljuk]]
*[[Sultanate of Rum|Seljuk Sultanate of Rum]]
*[[Ottoman Dynasty|Sultans]] (becoming [[padishah]]s) of the [[Ottoman Empire]], the [[House of Osman|Osmanli]]


In 1990, Sultan went to star in his own commercial, "Dial-an-Insult" (1-900-2-INSULT). The commercial went something like this:
===Caucasus===
*[[Elisu Sultanate]] and a few others. A Sultan ranked below a Khan.


"This is...This is Dial-an-Insult. This is Dial-an-Insult Call 1-900-2-INSULT. Are you havin' a bad day, it's about to get worse. There's a guy called Sultan and he's waitin' to burst! When you dial up, he's gonna cut you down, he's gonna let you know that you're nothing but a clown! Go get 'em Sultan! Call now and you'll never be the same again!"
===Levant and Arabian peninsula===
[[File:Qabus bin Said.jpg|thumb|150px|H.M. Sultan [[Qaboos bin Said al Said]], the current Sultan of [[Oman]] from the [[Al Said]] dynasty.]]
*in [[Syria]]:
**[[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid Sultans]]
**[[Mameluks|Mamluk Sultans]]
*in present-day [[Yemen]], various small sultanates of the former British [[Aden Protectorate]] and [[Federation of South Arabia|South Arabia]]:
*:[[Audhali]], [[Fadhli Sultanate|Fadhli]], [[Haushabi]], [[Kathiri]], [[Sultanate of Lahej|Lahej]], [[Lower Aulaqi]], [[Lower Yafa]], [[Mahra Sultanate|Mahra]], [[Qu'aiti]], [[Subeihi]], [[Upper Aulaqi Sultanate|Upper Aulaqi]], [[Upper Yafa]] and the [[Wahidi (disambiguation)|Wahidi]] sultanates
*in present-day [[Saudi Arabia]] :
**[[Nejd|Sultans of Nejd]]
**[[Hejaz|Sultans of the Hejaz]]
*[[Oman]] – [[Sultan of Oman]] (authentically referred to as ''Hami''), on the southern coast of the Arabian peninsula, still an independent sultanate, since 1744 (assumed the formal title of Sultan in 1861)


Sultan recorded over 9000 messages for Fun Lines, Inc. Kids constantly called Sultan to hear random insults and never be the same again. Parents were spending hundreds of dollars as they wondered why their kids were using foul language. Eventually many of Sultan's recordings were removed or altered, with a "No Obscene Language" added in future airings of the commercial. After a special needs child was killed after being tricked by classmates into insulting [[Suge Knight]], Dial-an-Insult was shut down.
===North Africa===
[[File:Abdelhafid.jpg|thumb|150px|Sultan [[Abd al-Hafid of Morocco]].]]
*in [[Algeria]]: [[Sultanate of Tuggurt (Touggourt)|sultanate of Tuggurt]]
*in [[Egypt]]:
**[[Ayyubid dynasty|Ayyubid Sultans]]
**[[Mameluks|Mamluk Sultans]]
*in [[Morocco]], until [[Mohammed V of Morocco|Mohammed V]] changed the style to [[Malik]] (king) on 14 August 1957, maintaining the subsidiary style [[Amir al-Mu´minin]] (Commander of the Faithful)
*in [[Sudan]]:
**[[Darfur]]
**Dar al-Masalit
**Dar Qimr
**[[Funj Sultanate]] of [[Sinnar]] (Sennar)
**[[Kordofan]]
*in [[Chad]]:
**[[Baguirmi Kingdom|Bag(u)irmi]] (main native title: [[List of rulers of Baguirmi|Mbang]])
**[[Ouaddai Kingdom|Wada'i]] (main native title: [[Kolak]]), successor state to Birgu
**[[Dar Sila]] (actually a wandering group of tribes)


==Time with Disney (1991-1996)==
===Horn of Africa===
{{main article|Somali aristocratic and court titles|Ethiopian aristocratic and court titles}}
[[File:Sultan Mohamoud Ali Shire 2.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Mohamoud Ali Shire]], the 26th Sultan of the [[Somali people|Somali]] [[Warsangali Sultanate]]]]
*[[Adal Sultanate]], in northwestern [[Somalia]], southern [[Djibouti]], and the [[Somali Region|Somali]], [[Oromia Region|Oromia]], [[Harari Region|Harari]], and [[Afar Region|Afar]] regions of [[Ethiopia]]
*[[Ajuran Sultanate]], in southern Somalia and eastern Ethiopia
*[[Majeerteen Sultanate]] (Migiurtinia), in northern Somalia
*[[Marehan#Marehan Sultanate|Marehan Sultanate]], in northern Somalia
*[[Sultanate of the Geledi]], in southern Somalia
*[[Sultanate of Aussa]], in northeastern Ethiopia
*[[Sultanate of Harar]], in eastern Ethiopia
*[[Sultanate of Hobyo]], in Somalia
*[[Sultanate of Ifat]], in eastern Ethiopia
*[[Sultanate of Mogadishu]], in south-central Somalia
*[[Sultanate of Showa]], in central Ethiopia
*[[Warsangali Sultanate]], in northern Somalia
*[[Bimal Sultanate of Merca ]] south eastrern Somalia


In the original script of [[Disney's Aladdin]], [[Princess Jasmine]] was to be the daughter of 15th century Ottoman crusader [[Mehmed the Conqueror]]. However, producer [[Jeffrey Katzenberg]] was hit with a $500 phone bill (over 9000 in today's dollars) due to his daughter Laura's repeated calling of 1-900-2-INSULT, and after calling the hotline himself, noted that Sultan would be great to play the part of [[The Sultan (Disney)|The Sultan]] instead.
===Southeast Africa and Indian Ocean===
*[[Angoche Sultanate]], on the [[Mozambique|Mozambiquan]] coast (also several neighbouring sheikdoms)
*various [[sultans on the Comoros]]; however on the [[Comoros]], the normally used styles were alternative native titles, including [[Mfalme]], [[Phany]] or ''Jambé'' and the 'hegemonic' title [[Sultani tibe]]
*the Maore (or Mawuti) sultanate on [[Mayotte]] (separated from the Comoros)


Sultan continued his role in [[The Return of Jafar]] and [[Aladdin and the King of Thieves]]. He also contributed vocals for background characters in [[The Lion King]], [[Pocahontas]], [[The Hunchback of Notre Dame]], [[Mulan]], and [[Tarzan]]. Sultan also voiced [[Saddam Hussein]] in [[South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut]].
====''Maliki''====
Apparently derived from the Arabic ''[[malik]]'', this was the alternative native style of the sultans of the [[Kilwa Sultanate]] in [[Tanganyika]] (presently the continental part of Tanzania).


==Political activism (1997-present)==
====Swahili Coast====
*[[Sultan of Zanzibar|Sultanate of Zanzibar]]: two incumbents (from the Omani dynasty) since the de facto separation from Oman in 1806, the last assumed the title Sultan in 1861 at the formal separation under British auspices; since 1964 union with Tanganyika (part of [[Tanzania]])
''Mfalume'' is the (Ki)[[Swahili language|Swahili]] title of various native Muslim rulers, generally rendered in Arabic and in western languages as Sultan:
*in [[Kenya]]:
**[[Rulers of Pate|Pate]] on part of [[Pate island]] (capital also named Pate), in the [[Lamu Archipelago]]
**[[Wituland]], came under German, then British [[protectorate]]
*in [[Tanganyika]] (presently part of [[Tanzania]]): of Hadimu, on the island of that name; also styled ''Jembe''


===Clinton Administration and Bohemian Grove===
====''Sultani''====
This was the native ruler's title in the Tanzanian state of Uhehe a female sultan


After his work with [[Disney]], Sultan increasingly became involved in political activism. A [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]], Sultan befriended several [[Clinton Administration]] politicians, including [[Janet Reno]], [[Madeleine Albright]], and [[Ramsey Clark]].
===West and Central Africa===
*In [[Cameroon]]:
**[[Kingdom of Bamum|Bamoun]] (Bamun, 17th century, founded uniting 17 chieftaincies) 1918 becomes a sultanate, but in 1923 re-divided into the 17 original chieftaincies.
**[[Bibemi]], founded in 1770 - initially styled ''[[lamido]]''
**[[Mandar]]a Sultanate, since 1715 (replacing [[Wandala]] kingdom); 1902 Part of Cameroon
**[[Rey Bouba]] Sultanate founded 1804
*in the [[Central African Republic]]:
**[[Bangassou]] created c.1878; 14 June 1890 under [[Congo Free State]] [[protectorate]], 1894 under French protectorate; 1917 Sultanate suppressed by the French.
**Dar al-Kuti - French protectorate since December 12, 1897
**[[Rafai]] c.1875 Sultanate, 8 April 1892 under Congo Free State protectorate, March 31, 1909 under French protectorate; 1939 Sultanate suppressed
**[[Zemio]] c.1872 established; December 11, 1894 under Congo Free State protectorate, April 12, 1909 under French protectorate; 1923 Sultanate suppressed
*in [[Niger]]: [[Arabic]] alternative title of the following autochthonous rulers:
** the [[Amenokal]] of the [[Aïr]] confederation of [[Tuareg people|Tuareg]]
** the Sarkin Damagaram since the 1731 founding of the [[Sultanate of Damagaram]] ([[Zinder]])
*in [[Nigeria]] most monarchies previously had native titles, but when most in the north converted to Islam, Muslim titles were adopted, such as ''[[emir]]'' and sometimes ''sultan''.
** in [[Sayfawa dynasty|Borno]] (alongside the native title ''Mai'')
** since 1817 in [[Sokoto]], the suzerain (also styled [[Amir al-Mu´minin]] and Sarkin Musulmi) of all [[Fulbe jihad state]]s and premier traditional Muslim leader in the [[Sahel]] (according to some once a caliph)


Sultan was even invited to [[Bohemian Grove]], and starred in a re-enactment of [[Lois Kills Stewie|Aladdin IV: Jafar May Need Glasses]].
===Southern Asia===


It is said that [[Bill Clinton]] taught Sultan how to play saxophone, though according to Snopes, Sultan learned it as a child, and simply jammed with Clinton on occasion.
*[[Bahmani Sultanate]]
*the [[Deccan sultanates]]: [[Berar Sultanate|Berar]], [[Bidar Sultanate|Bidar]], [[Bijapur Sultanate|Bijapur]], [[Golconda Sultanate|Golconda]] and [[Ahmednagar Sultanate|Ahmednagar]]
*[[Delhi Sultanate]]: several dynasties, the last (Mughal) became imperial ''Padshah-i Hind''
*[[Bengal Sultanate]]
*[[Sultanate of Gujarat]]
*[[Sultanate of Jaunpur]]
*[[Farooqi dynasty|Sultanate of Kandesh]]
*[[Malwa Sultanate|Sultanate of Malwa]]
*[[Sultanate of Mysore]], [[Tipu Sultan]]
*[[Arakkal kingdom|Sultanate of Laccadive and Cannanore]], [[Arakkal Kingdom]]
*[[Sultanate of Maldives]]


===Southeast and East Asia===
===California governor run, 2003===
[[File:Hamengkubuwono x.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Hamengkubuwono X]], the incumbent Sultan of Yogyakarta]]
[[File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Pakoe Boewono XII de Susuhunan van Solo in de kraton TMnr 60052129.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Pakubuwono XII]], last undisputed Susuhunan of Surakarta]]
[[File:Saifuddin of Tidore.JPG|thumb|150px|Sultan Saifuddin of [[Sultanate of Tidore|Tidore]]]]


During the infamous [[California gubernatorial election, 2003|2003 California recall election]], known for its dozens of bizarre and novelty candidates, Sultan ran on a platform of broadband investment and free unlimited telephone and Internet service for everyone. Using his "Go get 'em, Sultan!" as a slogan, Sultan finished in 11th place with over 9000 votes, behind adult film star [[Mary Carey]].
In [[Indonesia]] (formerly in the [[Dutch East Indies]]):


===Work with Freddie Freaker Foundation, 2004-present===
*On [[Kalimantan]]
**[[Sultanate of Banjar]]
**[[Berau Regency|Sultanate of Berau]]
**[[Bulungan Regency|Sultanate of Bulungan]]
**Sultanate of Gunung Tabur
**Sultanate of Kubu
**[[Kutai Kartanegara Regency|Sultanate of Kutai Kartanegara]]
**Sultanate of Mempawah
**Sultanate of Paser
**[[Pontianak, Indonesia|Sultanate of Pontianak]]
**Sultanate of Sambaliung
**[[Sultanate of Sambas]]
*On [[Sulawesi]]
**[[Buton|Sultanate of Buton]]
**[[Bone state|Sultanate of Bone]]
**[[Sultanate of Gowa]]
**[[Luwu|Sultanate of Luwu]]
**Sultanate of Soppeng
**[[Wajo Kingdom|Sultanate of Wajo]]
*On [[Java]]
**[[Sultanate of Banten]]
**[[Sultanate of Cirebon]] - the rulers in three of the four palaces (''kraton''), from which divided [[Cirebon]] was ruled: [[Kraton Kasepuhan]], [[Kraton Kanoman]] and Kraton Kacirebonan (only in Kraton Kaprabonan was the ruler's title [[Panembahan]])
**[[Sultanate of Demak]]
**[[Pajang|Sultanate of Pajang]]
**Sumedang Larang Kingdom
**[[Sultanate of Mataram]] (was divided into two kingdoms: the Sultanate of Yogyakarta and Sunanan Surakarta)
*** [[Sultanate of Yogyakarta]] (The Divine Sultanate of which its ruler Sri Sultan Hamengkubowono is considered a divine being, a half God) {{Citation needed|date=October 2014}}
*** [[Surakarta Sunanate|Sunanate of Surakarta]] (''[[susuhunan]]'', a high-ranked monarch, equivalent to emperor)
** Sultanate of Jayakarta (also known as [[Sunda Kelapa]]; modern-day [[Jakarta]])
*On [[Madura island]]: [[Pamekasan]]
*In the [[Maluku Islands]]
**[[Kingdom of Iha|Sultanate of Iha]] (Saparua)
**Sultanate of Honimoa/ Siri Sori (Saparua)
**Sultanate of Huamual (West Seram)
**Sultanate of Tanah Hitu (Ambon)
**[[Sultanate of Ternate]]
**[[Sultanate of Tidore]]
**[[Bacan|Sultanate of Bacan]]
**Sultanate of Jilolo
**Sultanate of Loloda, later occupied by Ternate
*In the [[Nusa Tenggara]]
**[[Bima|Sultanate of Bima]] on Sumbawa island
*In the [[Riau archipelago]]: sultanate of [[Lingga-Riau]] by secession in 1818 under the expelled sultan of [[Johore]] (on Malaya) Sultan Abdul Rahman Muadzam Syah ibni al-Marhum Sultan Mahmud
*In [[Sumatra]]
**[[Aceh Sultanate|Sultanate of Aceh]] (full style ''Sultan Berdaulat Zillullah fil-Alam''), which had many vassal states
**[[Sultanate of Asahan]]
** Awak Sungai, established 17th century at the split in four of [[Minangkabau people|Minangkabau]], in 1816 extinguished by Netherlands East Indies colonial government
**[[Sultanate of Deli]] since 1814, earlier Aceh's vassal as Aru
**Sultanate of Indragiri
**[[Sultanate of Langkat]] since 1817 (previous style Raja)
**[[Palembang|Sultanate of Palembang]] (Darussalam), also holding the higher title of [[Susuhunan]]
**[[Pagaruyung Kingdom|Sultanate of Pagaruyung]]
**[[Pelalawan|Sultanate of Pelalawan]]
**[[Peureulak|Sultanate of Perlak]]
**[[Riau Islands|Sultanate of Riau-Lingga]]
**[[Pasai|Sultanate of Samudera Pasai]]
**[[Sultanate of Serdang]]
**[[Siak Regency|Sultanate of Siak Sri Inderapura]]


After losing the election, Sultan and his former colleague Freddie Freaker founded the Freddie Freaker Foundation For Free Fones in 2004. Better known as [[F6]] or simply the [[Freddie Freaker Foundation]], this charity continues Sultan's mission of providing unlimited free phone and Internet to all Americans. F6 has become a major advocate of [[net neutrality]]. Sultan and Freddie Freaker continue to work with the Foundation.
In [[Malaysia]]:
* In [[Peninsular Malaysia]], where all nine of the country's present sultanates are located:
** [[Sultanate of Malacca]]
** [[Sultanate of Johor]]
** [[Sultanate of Kedah]]
** [[Sultan of Kelantan|Sultanate of Kelantan]]
** [[Sultan of Pahang|Sultanate of Pahang]]
** [[Sultan of Perak|Sultanate of Perak]]
** [[Sultan of Selangor|Sultanate of Selangor]]
** [[Sultan of Terengganu|Sultanate of Terengganu]]
* Furthermore, the ruler of [[Luak Jelebu]], one of the constitutive states of the [[Negeri Sembilan]] confederation, had the style Sultan in addition to his principal title ''Undang Luak Jelebu''.


On January 1, 2018, Freddie Freaker announced that he and Sultan will be running for President in [[United States presidential election, 2020|2020]].
In [[Brunei]]:
* [[Sultan of Brunei]], Brunei (on Borneo island)


==Legacy==
In [[China]]:
* [[Dali, Yunnan]], capital of the short-lived [[Panthay Rebellion]]
** Furthermore, the ''Qa´id Jami al-Muslimin'' (Leader of the Community of Muslims) of [[Pingnan Guo]] ("Pacified South State", a major Islamic rebellious polity in western Yunnan province) is usually referred to in foreign sources as Sultan.


Sultan and the recordings of Dial-An-Insult have been cited as key influences on the [[political correctness]] and [[social justice warrior]] movements of the early 21st century. According to law professor [[Lawrence Lessig]], "when Hillary Clinton gave that speech about how Donald Trump is nothing but a racist sexist clown, few know that 99% of it consisted of Dial-An-Insults."
In the [[Philippines]]:
* [[Sultanate of Buayan]]
* [[Sultanate of Maguindanao]]
* [[Sultanate of Sulu]] (Sulu, Basilan, Palawan and Tawi-Tawi islands and part of eastern Sabah on North Borneo)
* [[Confederation of sultanates in Lanao|Sultanate of Ranaw (Sultan ko Pat a Pangampong a Ranao)]]

In [[Thailand]]:
* [[Pattani Kingdom|Sultanate of Patani]]
* [[Sultanate of Singgora]]

==Contemporary sovereign sultanates==
*[[Brunei]]
*[[Indonesia]] – [[Yogyakarta Sultanate]] (Sultan of [[Yogyakarta Special Region]] is also governor of that province)
*[[Malaysia]]
**Sultan is the title of seven ([[Johor]], [[Kedah]], [[Kelantan]], [[Pahang]], [[Perak]], [[Selangor]] and [[Terengganu]]) of the nine [[Malay Ruler|rulers]] of the [[Malay states]]. The federal head of state the [[Yang di-Pertuan Agong]], is elected (de facto rotated) for five years by and among the hereditary state rulers, but is usually styled "king" in foreign countries; political power, however, lies with the [[prime minister]]. ''See also'': [[Malay titles]]
*[[Oman]], an Arabian nation, formerly sultanate of [[Muscat and Oman]]
In some parts of the Middle East and North Africa, there still exist regional sultans or people who are descendants of sultans and who are styled as such.
In Malaysia, the sultan of Pahang sells knighthood known as Dato' which is normally bestowed upon, anyone with money can be a 'Dato'.

==Princely and aristocratic titles==
[[File:Nicolas de Nicolay- La grande dame turcque.jpg|thumb|150px|The [[Valide Sultan]] (Sultana mother) of the [[Ottoman Empire]] ]]
By the beginning of the 16th century, the title sultan was carried by both men and women of the Ottoman dynasty and was replacing other titles by which prominent members of the imperial family had been known (notably ''khatun'' for women and ''bey'' for men). This usage underlines the Ottoman conception of sovereign power as family prerogative.

Western tradition knows the Ottoman ruler as "sultan", but Ottomans themselves used "padişah" (emperor) or "hünkar" to refer to their ruler. The emperor's formal title consisted of "sultan" together with "khan" (for example, Sultan Suleiman Khan). In formal address, the sultan's children were also entitled "sultan", with imperial princes (Şehzade) carrying the title before their given name, with imperial princesses carrying it after. Example, [[Şehzade Mehmed|Şehzade Sultan Mehmed]] and [[Mihrimah Sultan]], son and daughter of Suleiman the Magnificent. Like imperial princesses, living mother and main consort of reigning sultan also carried the title after their given names, for example, [[Ayşe Hafsa Sultan]], Suleiman's mother and first [[valide sultan]], and [[Roxelana|Hürrem Sultan]], Suleiman's chief consort and first [[haseki sultan]]. The evolving usage of this title reflected power shifts among imperial women, especially between [[Sultanate of Women]], as the position of main consort eroded over the course of 17th century, the main consort lost the title "sultan", which replaced by "kadin", a title related to the earlier "khatun". Henceforth, the mother of the reigning sultan was the only person of non imperial blood to carry the title "sultan".<ref>{{cite book |title=The Imperial Harem: Women and Sovereignty in the Ottoman Empire |last=Peirce |first=Leslie P. |publicationplace=New York |publisher=Oxford University Press |year=1993 |isbn=0-19-507673-7 |location= |pages=}}</ref>

In [[Kazakh Khanate]] a Sultan was a lord from the ruling dynasty (a direct descendants of [[Genghis Khan]]) elected by clans, i.e. a kind of princes{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}. The best of sultans was elected as [[khan (title)|khan]] by people at [[Kurultai]]{{citation needed|date=February 2016}}. See [[:ru:Казахские султаны]]

==Military rank==
In a number of post-caliphal states under [[Mongol]] or [[Turkic peoples|Turkic]] rule, there was a [[Feudalism|feudal]] type of military hierarchy. These administrations were often decimal (mainly in larger empires), using originally princely titles such as [[Khan (title)|khan]], [[malik]], [[amir]] as mere rank denominations.

In the [[Persian empire]], the rank of sultan was roughly equivalent to that of a modern-day [[Captain (OF-2)|captain]] in the West; socially in the fifth-rank class, styled '[[Ali Jah]].

==See also==
;Other ruling titles
* [[Khan (title)]], [[Ilkhan]] and [[Khakhan]]
* [[Emir]] (Amir)
* [[Atabeg]]
* [[Bey]]
* [[Baig]]
* [[Mirza]]
* [[Caliph]]
* [[Datu]]
* [[Maharajah]]
* [[Malik]]
* [[Mir (title)]]
* [[Padishah]]
* [[Pasha]]
* [[Raja]]
* [[Shah]] and [[Shahanshah]]
* [[Vizier]]
* [[Zoltán]]


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 00:53, 24 January 2018

This article is about sultans in general. For the Turkish Sultans, see List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire. For other uses, see Sultan (disambiguation).
Part of a series on
Imperial, royal, noble, gentry and chivalric ranks in West, Central, South Asia and North Africa

Sultan (born March 29, 1959) is an Arab-American voice actor, left-wing activist, and former political candidate who's waitin' to burst.

Early life and education

Sultan was born in Chatsworth, Los Angeles to parents of Arab ancestry. He grew up a Muslim, but became an atheist at age 12.

Sultan was known in the Chatsworth public school system for his loud mouth, aggressive personality, and strong sense of social justice. "Go get 'em, Sultan!" became a catchphrase at his school when he joined the football team.

Sultan entered the San Fernando Valley Institute of Voice Acting in 1978, where he worked with many future stars of the 1-900 boom of the 1980s and 1990s, including Hulk Hogan, Freddie Freaker, Santa Claus, Mrs. Claus, MC Hammer, Smiling Bob (of Enzyte fame), and Donnie Wahlberg of New Kids On The Block. Many future phone sex operators attended the Institute, and Sultan had lots of action. It is estimated that he had over 9000 sexual partners, mostly from the 1-800-WE-ARE-18 sorority house.

Fun Lines, Inc. and Dial-an-Insult (1983-1991)

Shortly after graduation, Sultan joined Fun Lines, Inc., a major recording studio and advertising agency known for their work with the Hulk Hogan Hotline, 1-900 HOT-HINTS, the Power Phone for Nintendo Players, the Freak Phone (of Freddie Freaker fame), the Warrant Rockline, and Rock Talk with Debbie Gibson. His talent for impersonating celebrities of the time allowed him to voice endless amounts of recordings for these numbers.

In 1990, Sultan went to star in his own commercial, "Dial-an-Insult" (1-900-2-INSULT). The commercial went something like this:

"This is...This is Dial-an-Insult. This is Dial-an-Insult Call 1-900-2-INSULT. Are you havin' a bad day, it's about to get worse. There's a guy called Sultan and he's waitin' to burst! When you dial up, he's gonna cut you down, he's gonna let you know that you're nothing but a clown! Go get 'em Sultan! Call now and you'll never be the same again!"

Sultan recorded over 9000 messages for Fun Lines, Inc. Kids constantly called Sultan to hear random insults and never be the same again. Parents were spending hundreds of dollars as they wondered why their kids were using foul language. Eventually many of Sultan's recordings were removed or altered, with a "No Obscene Language" added in future airings of the commercial. After a special needs child was killed after being tricked by classmates into insulting Suge Knight, Dial-an-Insult was shut down.

Time with Disney (1991-1996)

In the original script of Disney's Aladdin, Princess Jasmine was to be the daughter of 15th century Ottoman crusader Mehmed the Conqueror. However, producer Jeffrey Katzenberg was hit with a $500 phone bill (over 9000 in today's dollars) due to his daughter Laura's repeated calling of 1-900-2-INSULT, and after calling the hotline himself, noted that Sultan would be great to play the part of The Sultan instead.

Sultan continued his role in The Return of Jafar and Aladdin and the King of Thieves. He also contributed vocals for background characters in The Lion King, Pocahontas, The Hunchback of Notre Dame, Mulan, and Tarzan. Sultan also voiced Saddam Hussein in South Park: Bigger, Longer, and Uncut.

Political activism (1997-present)

Clinton Administration and Bohemian Grove

After his work with Disney, Sultan increasingly became involved in political activism. A Democrat, Sultan befriended several Clinton Administration politicians, including Janet Reno, Madeleine Albright, and Ramsey Clark.

Sultan was even invited to Bohemian Grove, and starred in a re-enactment of Aladdin IV: Jafar May Need Glasses.

It is said that Bill Clinton taught Sultan how to play saxophone, though according to Snopes, Sultan learned it as a child, and simply jammed with Clinton on occasion.

California governor run, 2003

During the infamous 2003 California recall election, known for its dozens of bizarre and novelty candidates, Sultan ran on a platform of broadband investment and free unlimited telephone and Internet service for everyone. Using his "Go get 'em, Sultan!" as a slogan, Sultan finished in 11th place with over 9000 votes, behind adult film star Mary Carey.

Work with Freddie Freaker Foundation, 2004-present

After losing the election, Sultan and his former colleague Freddie Freaker founded the Freddie Freaker Foundation For Free Fones in 2004. Better known as F6 or simply the Freddie Freaker Foundation, this charity continues Sultan's mission of providing unlimited free phone and Internet to all Americans. F6 has become a major advocate of net neutrality. Sultan and Freddie Freaker continue to work with the Foundation.

On January 1, 2018, Freddie Freaker announced that he and Sultan will be running for President in 2020.

Legacy

Sultan and the recordings of Dial-An-Insult have been cited as key influences on the political correctness and social justice warrior movements of the early 21st century. According to law professor Lawrence Lessig, "when Hillary Clinton gave that speech about how Donald Trump is nothing but a racist sexist clown, few know that 99% of it consisted of Dial-An-Insults."

References

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