Works based on Alice in Wonderland

Lewis Carroll's books Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass have been highly popular in their original forms, and have served as the basis for many subsequent works since they were published. They have been adapted directly into other media, their characters and situations have been appropriated into other works, and these elements have been referenced innumerable times as familiar elements of shared culture. Simple references to the two books are too numerous to list; this list of works based on Alice in Wonderland focuses on works based specifically and substantially on Carroll's two books about the character of Alice.

History

Carolyn Sigler has shown that Carroll's two great fantasies inspired dozens of imitations, responses, and parodies during the remainder of the nineteenth century and the first part of the twentieth — so many that Carroll at one point began his own collection of Alice imitations. In 1887, one critic suggested that Carroll had plagiarized Tom Hood's From Nowhere to the North Pole (1875) when writing Alice — though the relationship was just the reverse: Hood's novel was one of the many Alice imitations.

The primary wave of Alice-inspired works slackened after about 1920, though Carroll's influence on other writers has never fully waned; it can be seen in recent books like Maeve Kelly's Alice in Thunderland (1993) and Alison Haben's Dreamhouse (1995).

Literary Retellings and Sequels

• 1890 – The Nursery "Alice" by the author himself, a short version of the story written for little children.
• 1895 – A New Alice in the Old Wonderland, a novel by Anna M. Richards in which a different Alice, Alice Lee, travels to Wonderland and meets many of the characters of Carroll's books as well as others. (New edition 2009, ISBN 978-1-904808-35-0)
• c1897 – Gladys in Wonderland, a parody by Audrey Mayhew Allen illustrated by Henry Clarence Pitz in which a recalcitrant schoolgirl meets many grammar Imps which help to educate her.
• 1902 – The Westminster Alice, a parody by "Saki" illustrated by Francis Carruthers Gould critical of the Second Boer War in which Alice meets many British politicians of the time.
• 1902 – Clara in Blunderland, a parody by "Caroline Lewis" critical of the Second Boer War in which Clara represents Leader of the House of Commons Arthur Balfour. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-49-7)
• 1903 – Lost in Blunderland, a sequel to Clara in Blunderland criticizing Arthur Balfour after he was made Prime Minister. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-50-3)
• 1904 – John Bull's Adventures in the Fiscal Wonderland, a parody by Charles Geake and Francis Carruthers Gould critical of British economic policies of the time, in which the part of Alice is played by John Bull. (New edition 2010, ISBN 978-1-904808-51-0)
• 1907 – Alice in Blunderland, a parody by American humourist John Kendrick Bangs making fun of big business and big government.
• 1917 - New Adventures of Alice by artist John Rae, in which a young girl called Betsey dreams in bed about finding a new Alice book she had longed for since she read the first two and from there. The story follows Alice as she goes on another deep sleep adventure encountering characters and scenarios mostly based on the Mother Goose Rhymes.
• 1928 - Alice's Adventures in China by Chinese writer Shen Congwen.
• 1982 – Alice in Puzzle-Land: A Carrollian Tale for Children Under Eighty by Raymond Smullyan is a book of riddles featuring Carroll's characters as protagonists.
• 1984 – Alice Through the Needle's Eye by Gilbert Adair, a 1984 sequel to the Carroll's Alice books.
• 1985 – "Alice's Last Adventure", a short story by Thomas Ligotti is a present-day horror tale using Carroll-derived imagery.
• 1994 – Alice in Quantumland, by Robert Gilmore, is an allegory of quantum mechanics told through the adventures of Alice's explorations of the world of modern physics, with quanta depicted as eccentric characters similar to those in Wonderland, and quantum laws as the nonsensical or counter-intuitive rules governing Carroll's world.
• 1996 – Automated Alice by Jeff Noon. In this illustrated novella, Alice enters a grandfather clock and emerges in future Manchester, which has many bizarre denizens including an invisible cat named Quark and Celia, the Automated Alice.
• 1997 – "Złote popołudnie" ("Golden Afternoon"), a short story by Andrzej Sapkowski, retells the story of Alice from the point of view of the Cheshire Cat.
• 1998 – Otherland by Tad Williams, a science fiction series heavily influenced by Alice. There are sections involving a Red Queen, the chess-squares concept from Looking Glass, and evil men following the protagonists who take the form of Tweedledum and Tweedledee several times. There are four volumes in this series: City of Golden Shadow (Hardcover 1996, Paperback 1998); River of Blue Fire (Hardcover 1998, Paperback 1999); Mountain of Black Glass (Hardcover 1999, Paperback 2000); Sea of Silver Light (Hardcover 2001, Paperback 2002)
• 2004 – Alice's Journey Beyond the Moon, by R. J. Carter (ISBN 1-903889-76-6, Telos Publishing), fictionally purports to be a second sequel. It is heavily footnoted, however, with valid biographical information on both Dodgson and Liddell.
• 2005 – The Whole, or "Duh Whole" (published by Simon & Schuster/Pocket Books/MTV Books), a novel by John Reed, features an MTV VJ following a psychedelic Black Rabbit into the depths of a hole that has appeared in the United States Heartland.
• 2006 – The Looking Glass Wars, and its follow-up novel, Seeing Redd (2007), written by Frank Beddor depicts an alternative to Carroll's Alice, implying that Carroll in fact distorted the story of Princess Alyss Heart (a.k.a. Alice Liddell) who had been sent to Earth when the evil Queen Redd conquered Wonderland. The series follows Alyss' exploits with familiar characters cast in new roles. The third book in the trilogy, Arch-Enemy, was published in October 2009.
• 2009 – Wonderland Revisited and the Games Alice Played There, a novel by Keith Sheppard, in which Alice finds herself back in Wonderland and has a number of a boardgame-themed adventures. (ISBN 978-1-904808-34-3)
• 2009 – Alice of the Dreamland, a novel by Kira, in which a girl meets the eternal Alice in a dreamland unspoiled by the mad adult world. (ISBN 978-1-4414-5384-6)
• 2010 – Alice in Verse: The Lost Rhymes of Wonderland, by J.T. Holden, is a reimagining of Lewis Carroll's classic tales, written entirely in rhyming verse. (Hardcover)

Literature with Allusions and Influences

• The Wonderland books are most likely the inspiration in the creation of other book series about little girls entering fantasy worlds through an interesting entrance (Dorothy Gale entering The Land of Oz through a twister, Wendy Darling entering Neverland with Peter Pan, Lucy Pevensie entering Narnia through the wardrobe, Coraline entering The Other World through a door that's been painted over, etc.).
• Finnegans Wake by James Joyce is famously influenced by Alice. The novel is about a dream, and includes such lines as: "Alicious, twinstreams twinestraines, through alluring glass or alas in jumboland?" and "...Wonderlawn's lost us for ever. Alis, alas, she broke the glass! Liddell lokker through the leafery, ours is mystery of pain."
• British writer Jeff Noon has inserted many Carrollian allusions into a series of cyberpunk novels, beginning with Vurt (1993), that are set in a fantasy-future Manchester. In the books, Noon applies a logical extension of the Wonderland and Looking-Glass World concepts into a virtual reality cyberverse that characters occasionally get lost in. One possible interpretation of the books is that everything happens in the dream of Alice, akin to the supposed "dream of the Red King" in Through the Looking-Glass. Noon also wrote Automated Alice, which he calls a "trequel" to the Alice books as well as being a continuation of the Vurt series.
• Vladimir Nabokov translated Alice into his native Russian as Аня в Стране Чудес (Anya in Wonderland). His novels include many Carrollian allusions, such as the spoof book titles that run through Ada, or Ardor. However, Nabokov told his student and annotator Alfred Appel that the infamous Lolita, with its paedophilic protagonist, makes no conscious allusions to Carroll (despite the novel's photography theme and Carroll's interest in the art form).
• John Crowley's Little, Big has many Carrollian allusions.
• Graham Masterton's horror novel, Mirror, is heavily influenced by Through the Looking-Glass, imagining that Carroll intended the novel to be a coded allegory about a Satanic underworld just on the other side of the glass.
• Mordant's Need is a two-volume fantasy book series by Stephen R. Donaldson which tells the story of a woman named Terisa who travels from modern Earth to a medieval setting where there is a form of magic based on mirrors. Instead of reflecting images, mirrors are used to "translate" people and things between locations and realities. The author also bases much of the plot on a metaphor of the game of checkers (called "hop-board" in the story) instead of chess.
• Alice Liddell is a character in the Riverworld series of science fiction books by Philip José Farmer.
• Sign of Chaos, written by Roger Zelazny as part of The Chronicles of Amber, features two chapters taking place in a manufactured Shadow designed to resemble Wonderland as part of a drug-induced hallucination.
• Paul Auster's City of Glass contains a reference to Chapter IV: Humpty Dumpty of Through the Looking-Glass.
• HaJaBaRaLa, a Bengali "nonsense story" by Sukumar Ray, features a little boy who enters into a fantasy world full of fantastic comic creatures.
• Douglas Hofstadter's Gödel, Escher, Bach contains numerous references to Alice in Wonderland.
• Carroll's work is a major subtext in Joyce Carol Oates's novel Wonderland.
• The heroine of Boris Starling's Vodka (2004) is called Alice Liddell, symbolising not only her journey through the surreal shifting sands of post-Soviet Russian politics but also her battle against alcoholism (referenced by the bottle which appears to the original Alice saying 'drink me').
• Monsters native to other planets in our Solar System ("Known Space") in Larry Niven's sci-fi future world include the "frumious bandersnatch".
• Neil Gaiman's Coraline has been compared to Alice in Wonderland because it has an alternate-reality based plot and the main character is a bored young girl.
• Robert Doucette's "Why a Raven is like a Writing Desk: A Wonderland Mystery" (2006) is a short fable that attempts to answer the riddle from the Mad Tea-Party.
• The title of teen novel Go Ask Alice is taken from the psychedelic song by Jefferson Airplane, "White Rabbit", which took major imagery from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
• The first novel in the Echo Falls series by Peter Abrahams, called Down the Rabbit Hole, features main character Ingrid Levin-Hill starring in a stage production of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
• In the eleventh book of A Series of Unfortunate Events, one of the stanzas of the poem "The Walrus and the Carpenter" is worded in a coded message. There is also a beach named Briny Beach.
• Little Mimzy Wells by Markiv Inias is influenced heavily by Carroll's works, and draws liberally from the themes present in said novels.
• Night of the Jabberwock by Fredric Brown includes a character who is a member of a society that believes Lewis Carroll's books to be visions of an actual world.
• The King in the Window by Adam Gopnik.
• Davy and the Goblin; or, What Followed Reading "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" (1884) by Charles E. Carryl.
• Aliss is a novel by French Canadian writer Patrick Sénécal.
• Uncle Albert and the Quantum Quest, a children's science book by Russell Stannard.
• French philosopher Gilles Deleuze writes extensively on Alice in Wonderland and the paradoxes contained within it in The Logic of Sense (1969).
• One Pill Makes You Smaller by Lisa Dierbeck. A novel about an 11 year old girl who experiences things beyond her age range because she developed early.
• Exegesis by Astro Teller, a science fiction novel featuring the e-mail correspondences of grad student Alice Lu and the artificial intelligence she has created. Contains many allusions of Carroll.
• A parody exists in the 2010 Chick-fil-A calendar "Great Works of Cow Literature" in March where the novel is referred to as Salisbury in Wonderland.
• John Ringo's "Looking Glass" military hard science fiction book series, Into the Looking Glass, Vorpal Blade, Manxome Foe, and Claws That Catch.
• "Into Wonderland (2010 Book)", a photographic portrayl of the original classic story. Fashion photographs & models depicting "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" by Truffle, 2010

Art

• In 1969, Salvador Dalí produced 12 illustrations based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
• In 1956 Charles Blackman heard an audio book of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, and painted a series of 46 paintings of Alice with other characters from the series.
• The town of Warrington in Cheshire, the nearest town to the village of Daresbury where the Reverend Dodgson lived and worked, has several statues of figures from the story. The figures show the scene of the tea party, whilst allowing room for viewers to sit at the table with the characters. The church in Daresbury, likewise, memorialises the story in several stained glass windows.
• The Surrey county town of Guildford also has several Alice in Wonderland statues throughout the town, the most notable in the castle grounds, showing a brass statue of Alice passing through a pane of glass, and the other at Millmead alongside the River Wey of Alice and her sister sat on the grass looking at the White Rabbit running towards his hole.
• Statues of Alice, the Mad Hatter and the White Rabbit can be seen in the southeastern part of Central Park in New York City.

Comics/Mangas

• Alice is a main character in Alan Moore and Melinda Gebbie's Lost Girls, which presents her as an adult, in erotic adventures with Dorothy of the Oz books, and Wendy of the Peter Pan story.
• Hatter M. by Ben Templesmith is a comic book based around the character Hatter Madigan from the The Looking-Glass Wars by Frank Beddor.
• DC Comics has some supervillains based on characters from Wonderland and Looking Glass, mostly enemies of Batman. They include:
  • The Mad Hatter, a physcopathic hypnotist;
  • Tweedledum and Tweedledee, twin cousins who are acrobatic, despite their rotund appearance;
  • Malice Vundabar, an Alice-like New Goddess who controls a shadow monster called "Chessure";
  • Cheshire, a female assassin with poisonous fingernails;
  • Humpty Dumpty, an egg-shaped criminal with a knack for reassembling machines.
• Gakuen Alice, a manga series about people with "Alices" that gives them special powers such as ESP, super speed, technology, etc.. The currency used in the school is called "Rabbits" which is about 100 yen.
• Marvel Comics also has a villain called White Rabbit, an enemy of Spider-Man.
• Rozen Maiden focuses on a set of magical dolls that fight one another to become "Alice", alleged to be a creature of perfect femininity, purity, and beauty. A white rabbit that guides the dolls through worlds is also prominently featured and the dolls themselves also refer to various characters Alice encounters in the story.
• Kagihime Monogatari Eikyuu Alice Rondo, a manga that focuses on the completion of a third Alice novel called The Eternal Alice.
• The manga Alice 19th by Yū Watase involves Alice's older sister being drawn into a darker Wonderland. Not to mention that at the beginning of the story, Alice encounters a white rabbit named Nyozeka.
• Bizenghast is a manga-style American comic by M. Alice Legrow. It makes many references to Alice & is comparable to American McGee's Alice in that the lead female character is like Alice McGee & Edaniel resembles the Tower Records glowing green Cheshire Cat.
• Arkham Asylum: A Serious House on Serious Earth, in an interview with the writer of the graphic novel, Grant Morrison, his take on Batman was described as "a remake of the Lewis Carroll classic Alice's Adventures in Wonderland", to which he replied "I'd read the Alice books and decided to put Batman into a similar situation - where he goes into a strange place, strange things happen to him and then he comes back out at the end, none the wiser."
• Alice in Sunderland – Carroll's connection with Sunderland, and the area's history, is documented in Bryan Talbot's 2007 graphic novel.
• The first chapter of Godchild, "Mad Tea Party", focuses on a serial killer nicknamed the 'White Rabbit' and contains elements from Alice in Wonderland.
• Pandora Hearts has several references to Alice in Wonderland. The main heroine is named Alice, and some of the chains are based on the characters, such as the Jabberwock and Dormouse, and many other references.
• The manga series, Are you Alice? features a boy who is taken into Wonderland by "The White Rabbit" to meet the Queen of Hearts and participate in a game to kill the very White Rabbit and become the real "Alice."
• Return to Wonderland, where Wonderland is actually another name for Limbo and R'lyeh, is a series that reinterprets the Alice story and has been followed by two sequels: Beyond Wonderland. & Escape From Wonderland as well as many one-shots called Tales From Wonderland
• "Heart no Kuni no Alice", a manga based on the otome game of the same name, uses the story and characters from Carroll's books as its source. However, it recasts most of the characters into warring parties making it a more romantic, yet violent retelling of the story.
• In volume three of the Shugo Chara! manga, Amu is pictured in a Gothic Alice-like dress with a cupcake in one hand (that says "Eat Me") and a bottle in the other (that says "Drink Me"), and Ikuto (as his character change/character transformation is cat-themed) is sitting on a tree branch above her.
• A manga prequel to the video game Devil May Cry 3 features Alice as a girl who seeks to gain the power of a demon so she can grow up and become beautiful. The White Rabbit also makes an appearance, posing as a client to lure Dante to his brother Vergil.
• The manga and anime Miyuki-chan in Wonderland is a more eroticised yuri version of Carroll's book, with scantilly-clad women (some with animal attributes) instead of the original anthropomorphic characters.
• Wallace Wood's Malice in Wonderland (Eros Comix)
• Oz/Wonderland Chronicles (buymetoys.com, 2005) – four issues published to date
• Wonderland (Arrow Comics, 1998) – three issues published
• Latex Alice (Amryl, 2003)
• The webcomic Seven Years in Dog-Land by "John Avatar" is partly inspired by Alice in Wonderland. Its protagonist is also a little girl called Alice, and her father's name is Lewis Carroll (reference to the author of Alice in Wonderland). Dog-Land also centers around a child getting lost in a bizarre alternate world (of talking dogs).
• "Wonderland" (SLG/Disney) is a sequel by Tommy Kovac and Sonny Liew based on both the Disney animation and the original Lewis Carroll books, published by SLG and Disney Press, featuring the White Rabbit's maid Maryann as the main protagonist.
• In the manga Hanako to Guuwa no Tera Chapter 8 page 15 Hanako dresses as a rabbit when she enters Hiranuma Chieri dream stating that Alice saw a rabit when she had her dream

Animation

• Betty in Blunderland (1934), Betty Boop's adventures in Wonderland.
• Neco z Alenky (Alice) A 1988 full-length stop motion animation by Czech Republic artist Jan Švankmajer.
• In Garfield and Friends, there was a U.S. Acres episode called "Orson in Wonderland" and Orson T. Pig experiences being in the story Alice in Wonderland.
• There was an episode of Animaniacs titled 'Mindy in Wonderland', which spoofed the novel and the Disney movie by having Buttons the dog chase Mindy down a rabbit hole, having humorous meetings with the famous characters.
• Brandy & Mr. Whiskers is somewhat similar to the Alice books; the main heroine falls into the Amazon because of a white rabbit, and encounters creatures like bickering twins and a tyrannical dictator.
• The anime series InuYasha follows the adventures of a young girl who is drawn into a fantasy world when she falls down an old well. Viz, the company who translated the series into English, translated the title of the third episode as, "Down the Rabbit Hole and Back Again" and the second movie was called The Castle Beyond the Looking Glass.
• An anime short film based on Alice in Wonderland was made by Sanrio, starring Hello Kitty as Alice. Released as part of Hello Kitty & Friends.
• The anime series Serial Experiments Lain tells the story of a girl who is drawn into the cyberspace "underground" of the Wired, and features a character named Arisu ("Alice") Mizuki (this character is a second use of one created by the scenarist, Chiaki Konaka, for the animation "Alice in Cyberland"). In the episode KIDS, Lain has an encounter with an avatar which directly parallels Lewis Carroll's Cheshire Cat with the exception that Lain rejects the Cheshire Cat's assistance, stating that she knows everything.
• In The Simpsons episode "Summer of 4 Ft. 2" Lisa Simpson is almost lured into a library by Alice until she shows that the Mad Hatter has her at gunpoint. In the episode Moe Baby Blues Maggie requests Moe to read Alice in Wonderland to her, where Moe uses references to the song White Rabbit, including "White Rabbits" and "Chicks Poppin Mushroom Pills". In the same episode Moe refers to the book by the titles "Alice in Underpants" and "Put'em on the Looking Glass".
• Nippon Animation produced an anime of Alice in Wonderland in 1983 to 1984. This anime adopted an original story that Alice and her rabbit Benny take a trip to Wonderland and go home for each episode.
• Kiddy Grade features two fraternal twins named Tweedledee and Tweedledum. They also pilot a ship known as the Cheshire Cat, which has powers similar to that of the Alice in Wonderland feline.
• Batman: The Animated Series features the Mad Hatter from the Batman comics.
• Alice SOS, where four kids go on an adventure to different worlds to rescue Alice after she has been kidnapped by a mysterious evil force.
• Kagihime Monogatari Eikyuu Alice Rondo, an anime that focuses on the completion of a fictional sequel called The Eternal Alice.
• Miyuki-chan in Wonderland, an anime, adapted from a manga by Clamp, is a sexy animated parody of Alice.
• The George Shrinks episode "Becky in Wonderland" pays homage to the original novel.
• A 1939 Betty Boop cartoon, Betty in Blunderland, pays homage to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland with Betty playing the role of Alice.
• In episode 13 of the anime Ouran High School Host Club, titled "Haruhi in Wonderland"(不思議の国のハルヒ), Haruhi's dream about the day of her admission into Ouran becomes an Alice in Wonderland-esque fantasy.
• Project ARMS (プロジェクトアームズ?) is an anime and manga series that is heavily influenced by "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland". The ARMS weapons are named after characters in Lewis Carroll's Alice in Wonderland.
• In the anime series "Eureka Seven", when the members of Gekko State embark on missions they often refer to each other over radio with tags referencing characters from "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland".
• The anime series Pandora Hearts, has many characters and names that resemble those in "Alice in Wonderland".
• In the Slayers Try episode "Disaster and Danger? This Place is a Wonder Island!" Lina Inverse wakes up dressed like Alice on an island where bizarre and mad things happen. Lina even wonders if she hasn't gone crazy.
• In the anime Cardcaptor Sakura, episode 55, titled "Sakura and Sakura From Wonderland" shows Sakura being magically drawn into an Alice in Wonderland book. Inside it, various characters from the Cardcaptor Sakura series are shown depicting characters from Wonderland.
• The dystopic anime Ergo Proxy resembles many scenes during several chapters. Vincent the main character falls out of Rondo after following a girl dressed as rabbit. The book can be seen on the floor of Vincent's ship in episode 8. Also some characters take their names and personalities from characters of Lewis Carrol such as a red-head girl named Queen.
• The anime Pandora Hearts is based in Alice in wonderland, how alice lost her memory, the characters like the mad hatter, alice, the cheshire cat, the red queen, the red king, the raven, and the rabit are part of this anime.
• The anime series Rozen Maiden has some references, such as the rabbit Laplace no Ma; the Dolls themselves fight to became "Alice".

Television

• Sabrina the Teenage Witch has an episode in the first season called "Through the Looking-Glass" where in, having a terrible day Sabrina is lured into her mirror by her reflection. After spending a night in her room (Which is the polar opposite of the original) she finds she cannot leave.
• Lost (2004–2010) is heavily influenced by Alice in Wonderland and contains many references to Alice's world. The third season finale was also named after the second book.
• Lost In Space (1965–1968) in episode (1-21) "The Magic Mirror" Penny goes through a mirror and discovers another universe with a lonely little boy as its sole occupant.
• The Disney Channel series Adventures in Wonderland is based on the first book, featuring many of the major characters. Also, Alice enters Wonderland in each episode by walking through her mirror, a reference to the second book.
• An episode of Star Trek titled "Shore Leave" features a recreated white rabbit and Alice, brought to life by a computer which can make thoughts become reality.
• This is Wonderland (2004–2006), a Canadian legal drama/comedy which follows the main character Alice De Raey as she encounters characters ranging from the truly desperate to the bizarre, is partly inspired by the characters of the Alice books.
• Big Brother 8 borrowed from Alice In Wonderland for the decoration of the house; for example, one room has only abnormally large furniture while another has abnormally small furniture.
• The Care Bears Adventure in Wonderland (1987) – Animated movie
• Craig Ferguson regularly mocks the usage of the statement: "We're through the looking glass, people," in movies and television dramas due to the hackneyed and lazy nature of the writers of such programs during his opening monologues on his talk show "The Late Late Show with Craig Ferguson."
• Warehouse 13 Season 1 Episode 8: Duped has Alice trapped inside a mirror.
• Alice (2009) is a Syfy channel miniseries based on the novels, but set in the modern day, where Wonderland has evolved to today's standards and Alice as a dark-haired assertive woman instead of the blond child she is in the original.
• Spongebob Squarepants Season 7 Episode 133: When Squidward looks for his lost clarinet. He finds it but Spongebob runs off with it. Squidward chases Spongebob into a land where his clarinet is.
• Skins (TV series) Series 1 Episode 1: Sid goes to a drug dealer named the Mad Twatter, obviously spun off of The Mad Hatter.

Film

Not to be confused with actual adaptations of the Alice and Looking-Glass books, these are films which are based on elements of the books.

• The Alice Comedies, a series of live action/animated shorts created by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks in the 1920s which initially were loosely based on Alice in Wonderland.
• Mrs. Miniver, the classic 1942 film, includes scenes in which the title character and her husband read and quote from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland while they and their two little children stay in their home's air-raid shelter during the Nazis' World War II bombing of Britain.
• In 1959, Walt Disney released Donald in Mathmagic Land, which was partly influenced by Alice in Wonderland.
• Kingdom of Crooked Mirrors, a 1964 Soviet fairy tale film which is loosely based on the style of Alice in Wonderland.
• What?, a 1972 film by Roman Polanski, starring Sidney Rome and Marcello Mastroianni, in which a girl is stranded in a remote Italian villa full of strange and sexually-obsessed characters.
• Alice in Wonderland: A Musical Porno, a 1976 pornographic film, is based directly upon Lewis Carroll's story.
• Jabberwocky (1977) a film by Terry Gilliam set in medieval times and featuring the Jabberwock.
• Alicia En La España De Las Maravillas (1978, Jorge Feliu, Spain) features four Alices wandering through 40 years of Spanish history.
• Dreamchild, the 1985 Gavin Millar film, in which a reporter attempts to uncover the 'true story' of the Alice tales from an 80 year-old woman who may or may not be Alice Liddle. Featuring grotesque, aged versions of the Alice characters (designed by Jim Henson's Creature shop), the film explores the relationships adults have with the fictional characters from their childhoods.
• Labyrinth, a 1986 film directed by Jim Henson, counts the Alice books among its influences; it is the story of a young girl who must brave a strange fantasy realm populated by unusual talking creatures, in which she must solve a number of puzzles.
• Alicia en el Pueblo de Maravillas (Cuba 1991), is a social comedy about bureaucratism.
• The Matrix (1999). The protagonist Neo is told by his future mentor Morpheus to "follow the White Rabbit". Neo agrees to accompany visitors when he sees one of them sporting a white rabbit tattoo. The connection is further established with Morpheus' constant reference to being down the rabbit hole, as well as when Neo first transitions from the Matrix to the "real world" by interacting with a looking glass. The Wachowski brothers who directed the film have stated that Alice's Adventures in Wonderland is a running theme in their Matrix trilogy.
• Resident Evil (film) (2002), has several references. The main character's name is Alice, and the journey she takes to The Hive is symbolic to going through the Looking-Glass. Also, the antagonist of the film is the Red Queen.
• Freddy vs. Jason (2003), featuring fictional serial killers Freddy Krueger and Jason Voorhees, featured Freddy disguising himself as the Caterpillar in order to possess one of the characters.
• Tideland (2005) has a character, Jeliza-Rose, who is frequently reading and quoting from Alice's Adventures in Wonderland; additionally, rabbits and a rabbit hole make appearances with references to the books.
• Pan's Labyrinth (2006) bears some similarity to Alice in its young female protagonist who enters an underground fantasy world in search of escape from the tensions of her home in 1940s Spain after the Spanish Civil War.
• Where the Truth Lies (2005) features Kristin Adams playing the role of an actress who incarnates Alice in a play.
• The Last Mimzy (2007) is based on "Mimsy were the Borogoves", the 1943 short story by Henry Kuttner and C. L. Moore (writing as Lewis Padgett), and which is a reference to the Jabberwocky poem which contains the phrase "all mimsy were the borogoves". In addition, the picture in the Alice in Wonderland book from the movie was edited with the Mimzy doll in it, to allude that the White Rabbit was actually another copy of the Mimzy doll from the movie.
• Phoebe in Wonderland (2008), starring Elle Fanning as a little girl whose role as Alice in a school play helps her deal with her Tourette syndrome.
• "Spirited Away", one of Hayao Miyazaki's most praised movies is a story of a young girl who gets trapped in a spirit world after her parents are turned into pigs. She befriends a young boy named Haku, who is actually a white dragon river spirit. Haku helps her find her way home and save her parents as she transitions from a pessimistic, self-centered child into a mature, hard-working girl. This movie has been compared to Alice in Wonderland many times.
• Across The Universe (2008), Includes a reference to "falling down the rabbit hole".
• Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen (2009), A Decepticon disguised as a human apparently scanned an Alice in Wonderland animatronic – although this is only mentioned in the novel and comic book adaptions of the film.
• Malice in Wonderland (2009 film), set in present day England, the characters are inspired by those in Carroll's novels.
• Alice in Wonderland, (2010), a film by Tim Burton, in which a 19-year-old Alice returns to Wonderland for more adventures.

Radio

• Alice in Cyberspace, a radio drama series presented by the Lewis Carroll Society of Canada. The script is also available in book form.
• The Cinnamon Bear, a 1938 children's radio drama.
• Humph in Wonderland, a special edition of the BBC Radio 4 series I'm Sorry I Haven't a Clue broadcast on Christmas Day 2007 featuring the chairman, Humphrey Lyttelton, as the protagonist and the pianist, Colin Sell, as the white rabbit.

Classical music and opera

Music inspired by, referencing, or incorporating texts from the Alice books include:

• Deems Taylor: orchestral work Through the Looking-Glass (1918)
• Irving Fine: choral work Three Choruses from Alice in Wonderland (1942)
• Richard Rosen: original rock opera production Alice and Wonderland (1973)
• David Del Tredici: An Alice Symphony (1969), Final Alice (1976), Child Alice (1980/1981), Haddock's Eyes (1986)
• Federico Ibarra: opera Alicia (1995)
• Carlo Forlivesi, Through the Looking-Glass (2005) for electronics. The piece is included in the CD album SILENZIOSA LUNA (ALCD 76).
• Unsuk Chin: opera Alice in Wonderland (2007)
• Alan John: opera Through the Looking Glass (2008)
• Joseph Hallman: Ballet/Dramaturgy: ALICE (2010)

Popular music

• American electro R&B artiste Wynter Gordon has a song called 'Alice In Wonderland', referencing the rabbit hole. The song is said to be part of the soundtrack to the Tim Burton movie 'Alice In Wonderland'.
• The Gwen Stefani video for "What You Waiting For?" from the album Love. Angel. Music. Baby. has imagery from Alice In Wonderland. Stefani portrays several characters from the books, including Alice, the White Queen and the Red Queen.
• Jefferson Airplane's song White Rabbit mentions Alice, the Dormouse, the hookah-smoking caterpillar, the White Knight, and the Red Queen. Written by Grace Slick it shows parallels between the story and the hallucinatory effects of psychedelic drugs.
• A B-side to Pete Doherty's album Grace/Wastelands is titled "Through the Looking-Glass" and includes the lines "Between the pillows and the skies that beg into your eyes/Through the looking glass in between your thighs/It's really no small surprise/How it goes straight down the rabbit hole
• Screaming Tea Party has released the EP "Death Egg".
• On Aerosmith's 2001 album, Just Push Play, the song "SUNSHINE" talks about Alice and other characters of the book. In the music video, Steven Tyler is shown trying to protect a young, blond Alice in the woods, along with depictions of the Red Queen, the White Rabbit, among others.
• The bands Alice in Chains and Alice in Videoland. Furthermore, Alice in Chains' 2006 Tour poster depicted young Alice being hanged by the Cheshire Cat's tail.
• The Japanese rock band alice nine released an EP with the title Alice in Wonderland in 2005.
• The thrash metal / speed metal band Annihilator released a number of albums inspired directly and indirectly by Alice in Wonderland, the most popular being Never, Neverland and Alice in Hell.
• Virginia Astley has released a lot of Alice-related work, including her LP From Gardens Where We Feel Secure with sound effects recorded a few miles south of where Alice's adventures began; and songs like "Tree Top Club," "Nothing Is What It Seems," and "Over the Edge of the World".
• The Beatles counted the Alice books among their many artistic influences, and this is referred to in various oblique ways. Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band features a sleeve montage designed by Peter Blake that includes an image of Lewis Carroll. Other Beatles songs with Carrollian imagery include "Cry Baby Cry," "Come Together," "Glass Onion," and "I Am The Walrus"—supposedly this walrus is the one from The Walrus and the Carpenter. The song "Helter Skelter" contains lyrics similar to some in "The Lobster Quadrille" in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
• DJ Yoji Biomehanika has a song named "Wonderland"
• DJ Fresh has a song named "The Looking Glass" which features Jeremy Beadle reading an excerpt and the sound of breaking glass at the end.
• The indie rock band Bright Eyes, on the album Digital Ash in a Digital Urn, has a song named "Down in a Rabbit Hole," which uses the phrase to describe the effects of drug abuse.
• The popular Japanese band Buck-Tick released a song on 8 August 2007 titled "Alice in Wonder-Underground". The PV includes a very macabre depiction of the story, with Alice chasing her rabbit, the band periodically becoming rabbits, and the lead vocalist Atsushi Sakurai dressed as the Mad Hatter.
• Cradle of Filth's song, "Malice Through The Looking Glass"
• The Crüxshadows have a spoken segment on their EP, Tears, which is titled "Jabberwocky".
• Dokken made strong reference to the mad hatter and his rabbit friends in their song "Maddest Hatter" from their 1999 album, "Erase the Slate".
• Donovan used some of Carroll's lyrics on his 1971 album, HMS Donovan, and mentioned a girl in Wonderland in his 1966 song 'The Trip'.
• The Erasure video for "Breath of Life" from the album Chorus has imagery from Through the Looking-Glass and Andy Bell has stated in an interview that the song was inspired by Alice in Wonderland.
• The indie rock band goodbye Gadget released an album entitled "Because, I'm Not Myself You See" (a reference from the book when Alice is speaking to the caterpillar). They also have a song with the same name, and all of the artwork for the album is Alice in Wonderland themed.
• The first album by UK synth-pop duo Erasure was titled Wonderland.
• Forgive Durden's album Wonderland is heavily influenced by both Alice books.
• Canadian Rock Musician Matthew Good's song "Failing The Rorschach Test" references Alice and a rabbit many times in the song by saying "Hey rabbit" and "Hey Alice".
• GWAR has a longform video titled Phallus in Wonderland.
• Side 1 of Peter Hammill's 1976 LP Over ends with the song "Alice (Letting Go)", which has no connection to Carroll's Alice and which is about a lover of the same name who left him. However, the other side of the LP then opens with "This Side of the Looking Glass", a song which plays with the title of the second Alice book and the lost lover's name.
• Words and images from the Alice books acquire blatant psychedelic connotations in "White Rabbit" by Jefferson Airplane from their 1967 album Surrealistic Pillow. The song's lyrics refer to pills that make you larger or smaller, for example.
• Jewel released an album and single with the title Goodbye Alice in Wonderland.
• Marilyn Manson's 2007 album is titled Eat Me, Drink Me, possibly referring to Alice in Wonderland as his new music and film works are stated as heavily influenced by Lewis Carroll among other things. One of the songs in the album is titled "Are You The Rabbit?" and contains the lyrics "Faster-faster-faster! I'm late, I'm late, I'm late! And the hands in my clock are starting to shake".
• Lisa Mitchell's song "Alice in Wonderland" is based on Alice's experiences in Wonderland.
• Stevie Nicks has a song titled "Alice" on her 1989 album The Other Side of the Mirror. Its lyrics mention Alice and the Mad Hatter.
• Opeth's 1998 concept album My Arms, Your Hearse, starts off with the lyrics "It was me peering through the looking glass."
• Neil Sedaka took Alice into the US Top 50 in 1963 with the single "Alice In Wonderland".
• The video for the Tom Petty song "Don't Come Around Here No More" portrays Alice, the Mad Hatter, and other Wonderland elements. Producer Dave Stewart appears as the Caterpillar.
• Symphony X's 1998 release, Twilight in Olympus, contains "Through the Looking-Glass" – a 13-minute epic about the book.
• The title track of german epic metal band Blind Guardian's 1995 album release Imaginations From The Other Side references Alice.
• The Thompson Twins released an instrumental track called "The Lewis Carol".
• In the video for her single Bloomin'!, Japanese singer Tomoko Kawase (alias Tommy February 6) is dressed as Alice, meets the White Rabbit and enters Wonderland by eating a cookie with "eat me" written on it.
• Red Queen by Funker Vogt makes direct references to The Looking Glass, Alice and the Red Queen.
• Tom Waits released an 2002 album titled Alice, consisting of songs that were written for a stage adaptation of Alice.
• "Rabbit Hole" by Year of the Rabbit
• Marcy Playground's song "Sherry Fraser" contains the lyrics "the mad hatter he waited for Alice to come to tea again"
• There was a rash of Alice-related material in the music industry in the 1980s, a fad mainly fueled by goth and indie rock musicians. Siouxsie and the Banshees, for instance, named their label Wonderland and released an album called Through The Looking Glass. The former London-based Batcave Club was renamed "Alice In Wonderland." The Sisters of Mercy had a hit single, "Alice," about the image of Carroll's heroine, which in turn led to a story called "Alice In The Floodlands".
• Hard rock bands have used ideas from Alice In Wonderland, usually with a sense of parody. Both Nazareth and Paice Ashton & Lord released albums called Malice In Wonderland – the latter using one of Peter Blake's paintings for the sleeve.
• Panic at the Disco's 2008 album, Pretty. Odd., features a song called "Mad as Rabbits", which lyricist Ryan Ross attributed to the book in an interview.
• The indie rock band Noisettes has a song named "Malice In Wonderland".
• The debut album Alice's Inferno by Spanish Gothic metal band Forever Slave is a concept album focusing on Alice's life after her parents' death.
• "Still Doll" by Kanon Wakeshima, the ending theme of Vampire Knight, contains references to Alice in Wonderland. "Hi, Miss Alice. With glass eyes, what kind of a dream ere you able to have?" (Rough English translation)
• The band Hypnogaja has a song titled "Looking Glass" which references Alice, the white rabbit, the Red Queen, and many other elements of the story.
• The music clip Labyrinth by Oomph! references many Alice memes, such as a liquid filled bottle labeled "Trink mich" ("drink me"), the Mad Hatter, a white rabbit and the Queen of Hearts.
• In addition to having their 1979 album The Wall synchronized with the Disney animated movie adaption, some of Pink Floyd's early work were said to be influenced by Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, like "Country Song", since it has references to the Red Queen, White King and a smiling cat. Early member Syd Barrett also cited the books as one of the key inspirations for some of his early work.
• French singer Ridan, in his 2009 single "Passe à ton voisin", talks about Alice : "La belle Alice nous a menti sur les merveilles de son pays"("Pretty Alice lied to us about the wonders of her land")
• Two of Korn's albums, Take a Look in the Mirror and See You on the Other Side have album covers that sort of resemble the illustrations to the two books.
• Malice Mizer's 1997 Sans Retour Voyage "Derniere" ~Encoure Une Fois~ concert video was an interpretation of Alice in Wonderland by the band.
• Brian McFadden has recorded a track called Alice In Wonderland for his second album "Set In Stone" (2008). The song talks about a girl that reminds the singer of Alice because she is lost in Wonderland.
• On Bill Bruford's album "One of a Kind" there is a track named "Fainting in Coils", in which a part of the chapter "The Mock Turtle's Story" is recited.
• Chick Corea made an album named "The Mad Hatter", on the cover of which he poses dressed as that character. The titles of the tracks refer to both Alice books.
• Jazz-bassist Miroslav Vitouš titled one piece of his 1985 solo album Emergency "Alice in Wonderland"
• Florence & The Machine's song 'Rabbit Heart (Raise It Up)' contains lyrics that could be related to the book. It opens with the line 'The looking glass so shiny and new' and also includes 'I start swimming, slipping out of touch/ Was that the wrong pill to take?'
• The songs 'Alice Human Sacrifice' ,'Alice In Dreamland', and 'Alice In Wonderland' are all sung by one or more of the Japanese singing software program Vocaloid.
• The Brown University men's a capella singing group is named Jabberwocks after the poem, Jabberwocky.
• Escape Key's song, "The Girl Who's Never Been", retells the story from the point of view of Alice, lost in the real world and trying to find her way back to Wonderland.
• Adam Lambert's song "Down the Rabbit Hole."
• Natasha Bedingfield's "We're All Mad."
• Raven-Symone's "Alice."
• Paramore's music video for "Brick by Boring Brick".
• The German Industrial band Soko Friedhof recorded a track called "Thru the looking glass (now)" for their album "Im Beichtstuhl der Begierde".
• The German Neofolk collaboration Werkraum has a song called "Beware the Jabberwock!" using Carroll's poem with original music on their album "Early Love Music".
• Radiohead's song Paranoid Android contains the lyrics, "Off with his head, man/Off with his head", in a probable reference to the Queen of Hearts' famous quote.
• Avril Lavigne wrote and recorded the song "Alice" for Tim Burton's film Alice in Wonderland, which will is on the soundtrack Almost Alice.
• Wonderland is a song that appear's on the Mummer (album) by XTC. The Film clip to the song contains many references to Alice in Wonderland such as a scene with a white rabbit and the Cheshier cat.
• Snoop Dogg's, Album Malice N Wonderland December 8, 2009
• Bob Dylan track 1 Tweedle Dee & Tweedle Dum, from the 2001 album 'Love and Theft.'
• From Genesis to Revelation first album genesis, also cd-lp with the name genesis in wonderland with a picture of the mad tea party on cover
• Through the looking glass a cover cd-lp from siouxsie and the banshees with the number Through the looking glass on it
• The song "Beasts" by "Slow Moving Millie" directly refers to Alice in Wonderland, starting with "This could be your fairytale" and including the line "I could be the Alice to your Wonderland".
• Mz Ann Thropik – "Off With Your Head"
• Synthrock band The Birthday Massacre – "Looking Glass in the album Walking With Strangers, which album artwork contains people with long rabbit ears.
• Popular Korean artist G-Dragon's music video for Butterfly contains imagery and symbols from Alice in Wonderland. Dressed as a modern mad hatter, G-Dragon leads a girl through a mirror into a fantasy garden of mushrooms where a rabbit can be seen in the background.
• The popular Visual Kei band; D have two albuns name after Alice from Alice in wonderland "Yami no Kuni no Alice/Hamon" and "Alice" along with the song "MAD TEA PARTY" like the one March Hare and the Mad Hatter had with Alice (2003-2008(
• Bonus track on Adam Lambert's debut album is titled "Down the Rabbit Hole".
• Maria Kanellis has a song titled "Alice in Wonderland" on her itunes ep Sevin Sin.

Computer and video games

• Wonderland (1990), an illustrated text adventure by Magnetic Scrolls.
• Alice (1990), a point-and-click visual novel created by the influential Japanese computer graphics designer, Haruhiko Shono. Winner of the 1991 MITI Multimedia Grand Prix Award.
• In the Bloody Roar series of fighting games, one of the main protagonists is a young Eurasian woman dressed in blue and white and called Alice, and whose zoanthropic transform is a white rabbit.
• American McGee's Alice is a macabre computer game which chronologically takes place following the two Alice books.
• Alice in Wonderland was adapted into a computer game by Windham Classics in 1985. It is presented as a platform game involving puzzle-solving and simplistic word parsers akin to a text adventure.
• The Thief series, developed by Looking Glass Studios, contains references to the Alice world. Thief: The Dark Project has an early level that involves breaking into a huge mansion; as one goes deeper inside, it becomes "curiouser and curiouser" — resembling
• In the RPG Megami Tensei series and it's subsequent spin-offs, Alice is a major boss and a summon that you can obtain.
• The RPG Kingdom Hearts includes Alice as a plot character. Also, Disney's version of Wonderland appears as one of the first worlds.
• The Silent Hill series contain a few references of Wonderland, in an homage to its surreal world. The best example of this is in the first game, where a door puzzle at the Alchemilla Hospital involves coloured blocks imprinted with the Cheshire Cat, Mad Hatter, Mock Turtle and The Queen of Hearts.
• In the intro to the Nintendo 64 game, Chameleon Twist, a rabbit runs through a forest stating he is late for something and jumps into a tree trunk and warps to a magical world. The player's character follows the rabbit into the magical world. A sequel was made called Chameleon Twist 2 and the rabbit and the magical world are once again featured.
• Windham Classics' Alice In Wonderland adventure game for the Commodore 64. The game was remade later for Philips CD-I with clay animation graphics.
• In the PC-98 game Mystic Square of the Touhou Project, one of the boss characters is named Alice. She is inspired by the story: the background music for the Extra Stage where she appears again is titled "Alice in Wonderland", and playing cards appear as enemies; the mid-boss is a King card soldier. Alice later returns in Perfect Cherry Blossom and other games of the series.
• The Don Bluth arcade game Dragon's Lair II: Time Warp, features an Alice in Wonderland/ Through the Looking-Glass inspired level.
• The Otome game "Heart no Kuni no Alice" and its sequels "Clover no Kuni no Alice" and "Joker no Kuni no Alice" use a story and world based on Alice in Wonderland as well as many of its characters as protagonists. The titles of the games themselves are a play on the Japanese title of Alice in Wonderland; ふしぎの国のアリス (Fushigi no Kuni no Arisu)
• The 2000 Game Boy Color video game Alice in Wonderland published by Nintendo.
• The 2005 adventure game Psychonauts features the White Rabbit, where Razputin, the game's protagonist, follows a White Rabbit in a Wonderland-esque universe in his mind.
• Wild Tangent just released a game called Bookworm Adventures; Fractured Fairy-tales. Although the game is not completely Alice in Wonderland based it does have many characters from Alice in Wonderland as well as several from Through The Looking Glass.
• The 2002 tag-team fighting game, Rage of the Dragons, features a character named Alice Carroll. The last name is shared with the original author of the books, Lewis Carroll.
• In the 2005 video game Ratchet: Deadlocked there is an unlockable cheat code with the name Mirrored World whose description reads "See the world through the looking glass."
• In A Witch's Tale the characters and the scenes are from "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland".
• Alice in Wonderland developed by Etranges Libellules.
• Rule of Rose developed by Punchline.
• The 2010 Xbox 360 & PlayStation 3 video game Bayonetta contains several references to the Cheshire Cat; the title character's nickname for her love interest, Luka, is "Cheshire," and another character, Cererza, carries a plush cat she calls "Cheshire."

Other games

• Dungeonland and The Land Beyond the Magic Mirror are translations of the two books into Advanced Dungeons and Dragons terms. Written by AD&D creator Gary Gygax, they were released in the 1980s as two gaming adventures (or modules). In the game, all of Carroll’s characters are translated into horrifically deadly AD&D equivalents—for example, the Cheshire Cat became a sabretooth tiger (smilodon).
• Wonderland, a.k.a. JAGS Wonderland, is a role-playing game by Marco Chacon and published by Better Mousetrap Games that is based on the perspective of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland as being horrific rather than merely fanciful.
• An adventure module for the role-playing game Paranoia was titled Alice Through the Mirrorshades, referring to both Through the Looking-Glass and the cyberpunk genre.

New Media

The Eindhoven University of Technology built the interactive ALICE installation based on the narrative 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'. It addresses the western culture characteristics highlighted in the narrative. Six stages were selected and implemented as an interactive experience.

Science and Medicine

• Richard Gregory in his book Mirrors in Mind, questions why looking-glass images are right-left reversed. He explains with diagrams the reversals occurring in Carroll's Through The Looking-Glass while also pondering on how a scientific phenomenon is reflected in the vocabulary of the text, dwelling on the importance of words such as "re-turning", "behind", "back".
• A.L.I.C.E. a journey to the beginning of the Universe [1]
• Alice in Wonderland syndrome, a neurological condition in which objects are perceived to be substantially larger or smaller than in actuality, is derived from passages in the book.

Tourist Attractions

• Blackpool Illuminations has featured numerous illuminated and animated features and tableaux based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland.
• Blackpool Pleasure Beach has an Alice in Wonderland amusement park ride featuring characters from both Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass.
• Winter Park, a ski resort in Grand County, Colorado, has several trails named after Alice in Wonderland characters, including March Hare, Jabberwocky, White Rabbit, Cheshire Cat, Tweedle Dee, Tweedle Dum, and Mock Turtle. Additionally, one chairlift in this area is a double chairlift named Looking Glass. However, the main lift to these Alice in Wonderland named trails, the Olympia Express high speed quad, is not named after an Alice in Wonderland character (although it services March Hare, White Rabbit, Jabberwocky, and Cheshire Cat).

See also

• Translations of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
• Translations of Through the Looking-Glass

External links

• Alice In Wonderland, film and TV appearances