Immigration to Mexico

Immigration to Mexico. Over the centuries, Mexico has received immigrants from Europe, the Americas, and sometimes Asia, but not to the extent of other countries in the Americas such as the United States, Argentina, Brazil and Canada. Today, millions of their descendants still live in the country and can be found working in different industries.

Only Mexicans by birth or naturalization and Mexican companies have the right to acquire ownership of lands, waters, and their appurtenances, or to obtain concessions for the exploitation of mines or of waters. The Mexican government may grant this right to foreigners if they agree before the Ministry of Foreign Affairs not to invoke the protection of their own governments in any matters relating to the property they wish to buy. This is known as the Calvo Clause. This is generally done via a permit process. The 1917 Mexican constitution imposed restrictions on the purchase of land on those without Mexican citizenship. In particular, it prohibits direct ownership of real estate in what is known as the "restricted zone". This zone encompasses all land within 100 km of either Mexican land border and within 50 km of any Mexican coastline. Land 'purchases' in these areas can only be done via a mechanism called a fideicomiso, which roughly is a real estate trust, with a Mexican bank designated as the trustee and having possession of the land title. This mechanism was created to allow for foreign investment in these areas without violating the constitutional principle. The beneficiary of the trust, the foreigner, has all the rights to use, build and sell the property at its market buyer to any eligible buyer. These trusts have a term of 50 years and are renewable. The annual cost of these trusts levied by an underwriting bank, separate from the legal costs paid by a property buyer to establish such a trust, may escalate annually; but presently (in 2011) they have a cap on percentage of annual increase chargeable by banks.

Illegal immigration has been a problem for Mexico, especially since the 1970s. In 2006 Mexico detained more than 182,000 people who entered the country illegally, mainly from nearby Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, all being Central-American countries neighboring Mexico to the south. Smaller numbers of illegal immigrants come from Ecuador, Cuba, China, South Africa, and Pakistan.

"The Law of Population" is to regulate immigration as to volume, structure, and distribution. This law was written to distribute immigrants across Mexico. Immigration must be deemed appropriate, and assimilate to the national average and their proper distribution throughout the country.{article 3, section 7} Foreign nationals are restricted when the national interest so requires.{article 3, section 8} Immigration to urban population centers can be restricted to ensure effective delivery public services.{article 3, section 9} The immigration of foreigners is allowed according to their potential to contribute to national progress.{article 32} Foreigners are subject to approval concerning appropriate activities they will pursue, and the location of residence.{article 34} Immigrants must be useful elements for the country and have the income needed for subsistence and persons under their economic dependence.{article 34} Foreigners may be denied entry for the following reasons, if: No international reciprocity, The national demographic balance is altered, It is deemed harmful to the national economic interests, he/she has violated national law or have a poor record abroad, deemed not physically or mentally healthy. For a foreigner to pursue other activities in addition to those that have been expressly authorized, requires permission from the Interior Ministry.{article 37} The authorities of the Republic, whether federal, local or municipal, as well as public notaries, are obliged to check if foreigners are legally in the country.{article 72} The judicial authorities are required to notify the Interior Ministry of defendants of foreign descent who are being prosecuted, and sentencing handed down.

There are three basic migratory visas for foreigners who wish to stay in Mexico. This first is a tourist visa called a FMT. For those looking to live in Mexico permanently or temporarily, There are the FM3 and the FM2. The FM3 is for those who wish to live in Mexico, but do not qualify as a long-term immigrant and are classed as no inmigrante visitante (visitor non-immigrant). There are various types of FM3 for professionals working in the country, exchange students and those living in Mexico but not working, such as retirees. The FM2 is for those classed as inmigrante rentista (longer term immigrant) and is similar to a United States Permanent Resident Card. For those carrying either of these visas, economic activities are strictly limited to those authorized by the document.

Mexicans have priority over foreigners under equality of circumstances for all classes of concessions and for all employment, positions, or commissions of the Government in which the status of citizenship is not indispensable. Foreigners can serve in the military only during wartime.

Immigrant groups in Mexico

U.S. Americans

See also: Mexicans of American descent

The largest number of Americans outside the United States live in Mexico. According to American Citizens Abroad, there are more than 67,000 Americans living in the Mexican Republic (as of 1999). However, this number is disputed. Some estimates set the number as low as 44,082. According to the 2000 census, there were 67,591 Americans living in Mexico. Mostly, people who come from the USA are students, retirees, or missionaries, pastors, and other employees from religious organizations. Also, professors who come employed from Mexican companies to teach English, as well as some corporate employees and executives.

These residents often don't stay the whole year, with many retirees living half of the year in the USA to keep their retiree benefits, while others, known as "snowbirds", spend only the winter months south of the border. The American community in Mexico is found throughout the country, but there are significant concentrations of U.S. citizens in all the north of Mexico, especially in Tijuana, Mexicali, Los Cabos, San Carlos, Mazatlán, Saltillo, Monterrey and Nuevo Laredo. Also in the central parts of the country such as San Miguel de Allende, Ajijic, Chapala, Mexico City and Cuernavaca, and along the Pacific coast, most especially in the greater Puerto Vallarta area. In the past few years, a growing American community has developed in Mérida, Yucatán.

Argentines

According to the 2000 census, there were 6,465 Argentine immigrants living in the country, mostly in Mexico City. Many of them emigrated trying to flee Peron's dictatorship. Aside from the expatriates, there are also Mexican-born citizens of Argentine descent.

There is an estimate number of 3,443 immigrants of Argentina living in Mexico, they arrived as tourist and remain in the country.

British

There are Mexicans of British origins, including English, Welsh and Scottish descent. According to the 2000 census, there were 2,686 British expatriates living in Mexico.

Cornish culture still survives in local architecture and food in the state of Hidalgo. The Scottish and Welsh have also made their mark in Mexico, especially in the states of Hidalgo, Jalisco, Aguascalientes, and Veracruz. British immigrants formed the first football teams in Mexico in the late 19th century. Northern Spaniards of Celtic ancestry like the Asturians, Galicians, and Cantabrians, have also left an imprint in Mexican culture and their languages formed many distinct accents in various regions in Mexico, especially in the central and northern states.

French

Mexico received immigration from France in waves in the 19th and 20th centuries. According to the 2000 census, there were 5,723 French expatriates living in Mexico.

The French language is taught and studied in secondary public education and in universities throughout the country. French is also heard in the state of Veracruz in the cities of Jicaltepec, San Rafael, Mentideros, and Los Altos, where the architecture and food is also very French. These immigrants came from Haute-Saône département in France, especially from Champlitte and Bourgogne.

Another important French group were the "Barcelonettes" from the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département, who migrated specifically to Mexico to find jobs and work in merchandising and are well known in Mexico City, Puebla, Veracruz and Yucatán.

An important French village in Mexico is Santa Rosalía, Baja California Sur, where the French language and culture/architecture are still found. Other French cultural traits are in a number of regional cultures such as the states of Jalisco and Sinaloa.

The national folk music mariachi is thought to been named after the French word for "marriage" when the music developed in wedding parties held by French landowning families. It is the legacy of settlers brought in during the Napoleonic-era French occupation is found in Guadalajara, Jalisco. The Second Mexican Empire, created another trend of refuge for French settlers.

For the Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico from the Habsburg dynasty brought with him French, Austrian, Italian and Belgian troops, and after the fall of the Second Empire, most scattered through the area of the Empire. The descendants of these soldiers can be found in the state of Jalisco in the region called Los Altos de Jalisco and in many towns around this region and in Michoacán in cities like Coalcomán, Aguililla, Zamora, and Cotija.

These refugees intermixed with the Austrians, Galicians, Basques, Cantabrians, Italians, and Mexicans in those areas of Michoacán and Jalisco, as well as neighboring states.

During WWII, tens of thousands of French expatriates from Mexico participated in the Free French Forces and the French Resistance, including Mexican-born lieutanant Rene Luis Campeon of French parentage, was thought to be the first in command to enter Paris during the Liberation of Paris from the retreating Nazis in August 1944.

Other Francophone peoples include those from Belgium such as the Walloons and Franco-Swiss from Switzerland. The Belgians, started by the veteran Ch. Loomans, tried to establish a Belgian colony in the state of Chihuahua called Nueva Bélgica, and hundreds of Belgian settlers established it, but many moved to the capital of the state and other towns around the area, where the Walloon and French could be heard.

The Occitan language can be heard in the state of Guanajuato, it is also known as Langue D'oc is a language originally spoken in Southern France. Also to note is the city Guanajuato has a sizable French expatriate community.

German

Main article: German Mexican

The Plautdietsch language, is spoken by descendants of German and Dutch Mennonite immigrants in the states of Chihuahua and Durango. Other German communities are in Puebla, Mexico City, Sinaloa and Chiapas, and the largest German school outside of Germany is in Mexico City (Alexander von Humboldt school). These represent the large German populations where they still try to preserve the German culture (evident in its popular regional polka-like music types, conjunto and Norteno) and language. Other strong German communities lie in Nuevo León, Chiapas (Tapachula) and other parts of Puebla (Nuevo Necaxa) where the German culture and language have been preserved to different extents. According to the 2000 census, there were 5,595 Germans living in Mexico.

Of special interest is the settlement Villa Carlota: that was the name under which two German farming settlements, in the villages of Santa Elena and Pustunich in Yucatán, were founded during the Second Mexican Empire (1864–1867). Villa Carlota attracted a total of 443 German-speaking immigrants, most of them were farmers and artisans who emigrated with their families: the majority came from Prussia and many among them were Protestants. Although in general these immigrants were well received by the hosting society, and the Imperial government honored to the extent of its capabilities the contract it offered to these farmers, the colonies collapsed in 1867. After the disintegration of Villa Carlota as such, some families migrated to other parts of the peninsular, into the United States and back to Germany. Many stayed in Yucatán, where we can find descendents of these pioneers with last names such as Worbis, Dietrich and Sols, among others.

Included in the ethnic German immigration to Mexico are from Austria, Switzerland and the French region of Alsace which was part of France since 1919, as well those from Bavaria and High German regions of Germany.

Irish

See also: Irish Mexican

There are roughly 300,000 Mexicans of Irish descent. There is also an Irish-Mexican population in Hidalgo and the northern states. According to the 2000 census, there were 192 Irish expatriates living in Mexico.

Many Mexican Irish communities existed in Mexican Texas until the revolution. Many Irish then sided with Catholic Mexico against Protestant pro-US elements. The Batallón de San Patricio, a battalion of U.S. troops who deserted and fought alongside the Mexican Army against the United States in the Mexican-American War (1846-48). In some cases, Irish immigrants or Americans left from California (the Irish Confederate army of Fort Yuma, Arizona during the U.S. Civil War (1861-65). Álvaro Obregón (O'Brien) was president of Mexico during 1920-24 and Ciudad Obregón and its airport are named in his honor. Actor Anthony Quinn is another famous Mexican of Irish descent. There are also monuments in Mexico City paying tribute to those Irish who fought for Mexico in the 1800s.

Italian

See also: Italian Mexicans

There has not been a huge influx of Italians to Mexico, as there has been to other countries in America such as Argentina, Brazil and the United States, however, there was an important number of arrivals from Northern Italy and Veneto in the late 19th century and are today well assimilated in Mexican society. The exact number of Italian descendants is not known, but it is estimated that there around 30,000 Italian Mexicans in the eight original communities. According to the 2000 census, there were 3,904 Italians living in Mexico. It is also estimated about 450,000 Mexicans have Italian ancestry in the 2000's.

Jews

See also: History of the Jews in Mexico

Mexico is home to roughly 40,000 Jews.

This is the third largest Jewish community in Latin America, after Argentina and Brazil respectively, and fifteenth largest in the world. The community includes an about even number of Ashkenazi Jews and Sephardi Jews, and a tiny number of other Jewish groups, including Mizrahim. The two main groups arrived in distinct waves of immigration commencing from the earliest years of Spanish colonization of Mexico. Some of these earliest Jewish immigrants to Mexico were Sephardic crypto-Jews, also known as marranos. They were Jews who made a nominal conversion to Christianity to escape persecution of the Spanish and Mexican Inquisitions, some of who practiced the Jewish religion in secret.

After World War II, thousands of Ashkenazi Jewish refugees settled in Mexico from Europe, bringing with them Yiddish. Since they came from various parts of Europe their dialects varied. Ladino is the traditional language of the Sephardic community. Other Jewish languages are the traditional languages of any other Jewish persons not belonging to the two major groups in Mexico today.

Notable Jewish-Mexicans include:

• Marcos Moshinsky, physicist

Business tycoon and billionaire Carlos Slim Helú is the best-known Mexican of this immigrant group. His parents immigrated to Mexico from Lebanon.

Russian

Main article: Russians in Mexico

According to the 2000 census, there were 1,293 Russians living in Mexico. Most left Russia during its communist regime (Soviet Union), taking advantage of the Mexican law allowing migrants from communist countries refuge if they touch Mexican soil, and the ability to become legal residents of Mexico.

Scandinavian and Eastern European

Scandinavian languages and traditions can also be heard in Chihuahua, such as Swedish, Finnish, Danish, and Norwegian in Nueva Escandinavia and other Scandinavian colonies in the north of the country. Russian is heard in the Baja California region of Valle de Guadalupe, thanks to the immigrants from southern Russia who settled these areas. They are the Molokans ("milk eaters"), and they preserve their culture in Baja California, with the architecture in their houses and museums, they produce fine wine (along with the large Italian community that lives near them) and their language and traditions, as well as dresses and festivities. Other Russians belong to a more recent wave of immigration from mainly Russia, Poland and the Ukraine along with other Eastern Europeans (Bulgaria, Hungary and Romania), who settle mainly in Mexico City years ago during the Cold War.

Spaniards

Main article: Spanish Mexican

Spaniards make up the largest group of Europeans in Mexico. Most of them arrived during the colonial period but others have since then immigrated, especially during the Spanish Civil War (1936-39) and the Francisco Franco regime (1939-75). There are about 9-15 million people of unmixed Spanish ancestry and millions more with partial ancestry.

The first Spaniards who arrived in Mexico, were soldiers and sailors of Extremadura, Andalucia and La Mancha discovered the Yucatán Peninsula, the shores of the Gulf of Mexico and then made the conquest of what they call the New Spain. Among the soldiers sent by the Spanish crown to the colonial territory were Muslims converts from Córdoba and Granada. At the end of the 16th century, both common and aristocrat people migrated to Mexico and disseminated by its territory.

Most recent immigrants came during the Spanish Civil War. Some of the migrants returned to Spain after the civil war, but some of them remained in Mexico. According to the 2000 census, there were 21,024 Spaniards living in Mexico.

The article on Basque Mexicans covers the large segment of Spaniards and some French immigrants of the Basque ethnic group.

Other European

Small but notable European nations supplied immigrants to Mexico are Belgium, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Cyprus, Greece (See Greek Mexican), Albania, the island country of Malta and the Portuguese from Portugal and Cape Verde.

Middle Eastern

Main article: Arab Mexican

Ethnologue reports that 400,000 Mexicans speak Arabic.

The Arab Mexican population consists of Lebanese, Syrians and Palestinians, whose families arrived to Mexico after the fall of the Ottoman Empire in World War I. The majority of them are Christian but some are Muslims and Jews.

The Middle Eastern community in Mexico includes Armenians (a large ethnic presence of the Armenian diaspora in Mexico contributed in Mexican society), smaller numbers of Persians from Iran and the Turks from Turkey.

East Asia

Koreans are a more recent wave of immigrants who came to Mexico in the early 20th century and most recently towards the end of the last century.

The story of Chinese immigration to Mexico extends from the late 19th century to the 1930s. By the 1920s, there was a significant population of Chinese nationals, with Mexican wives and Chinese-Mexico children. Most of these were deported in the 1930s to the United States and China with a number being repatriated in the late 1930s and in 1960. Smaller groups returned from the 1930s to the 1980s. The two main Chinese-Mexican communities are in Mexicali and Mexico City but few are of pure Chinese blood.

The city of Mexicali in Baja California has the largest Chinese population in Mexico and the largest Chinatown called La Chinesca. The culture and language from the mainly Cantonese and Mandarin-speaking peoples are evident in the food, architecture, and everyday life in Mexico City. The Chinese entered the nation in the nineteenth century to build railroads, and many xenophobic acts were taken against them because Mexico preferred European immigrants.

Other Asian communities in Mexico are the Japanese, followed by Indians and Pakistanis, and there are Filipinos from the Philippines when the country was under Spanish colonial (1540's-1898) and U.S. American territorial rule (1899-1946). These ethnic groups arrived in the northern states of Mexico as contract farm laborers in the 20th century. And the small Vietnamese community, although in close connection with the Vietnamese American community in the United States. The majority of Asian Mexicans live in urban areas or along the US-Mexican border, probably in attempt to enter and reside in the US.

The Japanese community is also important in Mexico, and they reside mainly in Mexico City, Morelia, San Luis Potosí, Puebla, Guadalajara, and Aguascalientes, and their immigrant colony in the state of Chiapas called Colonia Enomoto. The Japanese are very important in their cultural life in Mexico and many institutions for their descendants and those wishing to learn the language and their ways of life can attend these lyceums.

There are approximately 200,000 (0.2%) Mexican people who can partly claim Filipino ancestry. From colonial times the Philippines have had a close connection to Mexico, as it was administrated from New Spain for over 300 years, and commerce between these two countries was of an extremely significant importance to the Spanish crown.

Also to note the small community of Iranians living in Mexico come from South Asia alike India and Pakistan, but the Asian continental landmass includes the Middle East and much of the former USSR.

Numbers of people by nationality in Mexico

A total of 176 nationalities are in Mexico.

Place	Country	2010	2000	1990
1	United States	738,103	343,591	194,619
2	Guatemala	50,841	23,597	46,005
3	Spain	15,517	21,024	24,783
4	Honduras	13,261	3,722	1,997
5	Argentina	11,553	6,215	4,964
6	Colombia	10,989	6,465	4,635
7	El Salvador	10,390	6,647	2,979
8	Canada	10,332	5,768	3,011
9	Cuba	9,809	5,537	5,217
10	Venezuela	7,844	2,823	1,533
11	Germany	7,041	5,595	4,499
12	France	6,477	5,723	3,011
13	Peru	5,588	3,749	1,633
14	Italy	4,905	3,904	2,397
15	Chile	4,836	3,848	2,501
16	China	4,289	2,001	1,161
17	Brazil	3,607	2,320	1,293
18	Nicaragua	3,605	2,522	1,521
19	United Kingdom	3,469	2,686	1,798
20	South Korea	3,042	2,100	N/D
21	Japan	2,700	2,936	4,195
22	Uruguay	2,239	1,326	1,097
23	Belize	2,170	1,093	1,205
24	Costa Rica	1,965	2,175	1,521
25	Ecuador	1,811	1,287	861
26	Switzerland	1,726	1,478	971
27	Bolivia	1,641	1,378	1,329
28	Panama	1,367	1,638	2,169
29	Dominican Republic	1,265	850	520
30	Netherlands	1,213	773	504
31	Russia	1,145	1,293	995
32	Lebanon	1,094	1,143	1,421
33	Puerto Rico	1,077	1,750	902
34	Belgium	1,042	735	569
35	Israel	923	993	1,015
36	India	803	436	N/D
37	Paraguay	753	223	N/D
38	Poland	751	971	1,417
39	Australia	632	281	N/D
40	Haiti	547	350	N/D
41	Taiwan	513	N/D	N/D
42	Hungary	427	239	N/D
43	Portugal	393	288	N/D
44	Austria	377	500	N/D
45	Philippines	375	322	N/D
46	Ukraine	291	220	N/D
47	Greece	273	298	310
48	Sweden	N/D	425	N/D
49	Guam	N/D	374	N/D
50	Syria	N/D	319	478
51	Romania	N/D	246	N/D
52	Turkey	N/D	246	303
53	Denmark	N/D	245	N/D
54	Bulgaria	N/D	237	N/D
55	Czech Republic	N/D	225	N/D
56	Ireland	N/D	192	N/D
57	Iran	N/D	168	N/D
58	Morocco	N/D	156	N/D
59	Norway	N/D	134	N/D
60	Yugoslavia	N/D	129	N/D
61	Finland	N/D	126	N/D
62	Dominica	N/D	122	N/D
63	Saudi Arabia	N/D	116	120
64	Egypt	N/D	109	N/D
65	Grenada	N/D	107	N/D
66	Georgia	N/D	93	N/D
67	Algeria	N/D	88	N/D
68	Jamaica	N/D	82	N/D
69	Lithuania	N/D	78	N/D
70	New Zealand	N/D	77	N/D
71	South Africa	N/D	75	N/D
72	Indonesia	N/D	70	N/D
73	Palau	N/D	68	N/D
74	Croatia	N/D	62	N/D
75	Pakistan	N/D	58	N/D
76	Armenia	N/D	51	N/D
77	Jordan	N/D	45	N/D
78	Thailand	N/D	43	N/D
79	Singapore	N/D	42	N/D
80	Malaysia	N/D	41	N/D
81	Iraq	N/D	40	N/D
82	Angola	N/D	38	N/D
83	Vietnam	N/D	36	N/D
84	Saint Lucia	N/D	34	N/D
85	Slovenia	N/D	33	N/D
86	Nigeria	N/D	32	N/D
87	Sri Lanka	N/D	31	N/D
88	Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha	N/D	31	N/D
89	Trinidad and Tobago	N/D	29	N/D
90	Slovakia	N/D	23	N/D
91	Kyrgyzstan	N/D	21	N/D
92	United Arab Emirates	N/D	20	N/D
93	Ethiopia	N/D	18	N/D
94	Bosnia and Herzegovina	N/D	18	N/D
95	Kenya	N/D	18	N/D
96	Latvia	N/D	18	N/D
97	Tunisia	N/D	18	N/D
98	Republic of the Congo	N/D	16	N/D
99	Iceland	N/D	16	N/D
100	Falkland Islands	N/D	15	N/D
101	Luxembourg	N/D	15	N/D
102	Azerbaijan	N/D	15	N/D
103	Netherlands Antilles	N/D	14	N/D
104	Cyprus	N/D	14	N/D
105	Ghana	N/D	14	N/D
106	Senegal	N/D	14	N/D
107	Guyana	N/D	12	N/D
108	Libya	N/D	12	N/D
109	Bangladesh	N/D	11	N/D
110	Cayman Islands	N/D	11	N/D
111	Antigua and Barbuda	N/D	10	N/D
112	Bahamas	N/D	10	N/D
113	Democratic Republic of the Congo	N/D	10	N/D
114	Afghanistan	N/D	9	N/D
115	Tanzania	N/D	9	N/D
116	Vatican City	N/D	9	N/D
117	Aruba	N/D	8	N/D
118	Albania	N/D	8	N/D
119	Kuwait	N/D	8	N/D
120	Moldova	N/D	8	N/D
121	Guinea	N/D	7	N/D
122	Macau	N/D	7	N/D
123	Mozambique	N/D	7	N/D
124	Estonia	N/D	7	N/D
125	Samoa	N/D	7	N/D
126	Mongolia	N/D	6	N/D
127	Suriname	N/D	6	N/D
128	Uganda	N/D	6	N/D
129	Comoros	N/D	5	N/D
130	Liberia	N/D	5	N/D
131	Mauritania	N/D	5	N/D
132	Mauritius	N/D	5	N/D
133	Tajikistan	N/D	5	N/D
134	Anguilla	N/D	4	N/D
135	Ivory Coast	N/D	4	N/D
136	Cameroon	N/D	4	N/D
137	Gambia	N/D	4	N/D
138	Madagascar	N/D	4	N/D
139	Malta	N/D	4	N/D
140	Sudan	N/D	4	N/D
141	Zimbabwe	N/D	4	N/D
142	Andorra	N/D	3	N/D
143	Burundi	N/D	3	N/D
144	Monaco	N/D	3	N/D
145	Somalia	N/D	3	N/D
146	Seychelles	N/D	3	N/D
147	Burkina Faso	N/D	2	N/D
148	Eritrea	N/D	2	N/D
149	Fiji	N/D	2	N/D
150	North Macedonia	N/D	2	N/D
151	Gabon	N/D	2	N/D
152	Equatorial Guinea	N/D	2	N/D
153	Cambodia	N/D	2	N/D
154	Malawi	N/D	2	N/D
155	Namibia	N/D	2	N/D
156	São Tomé and Príncipe	N/D	2	N/D
157	Togo	N/D	2	N/D
158	Belarus	N/D	2	N/D
159	Yemen	N/D	2	N/D
160	Zambia	N/D	2	N/D
161	Barbados	N/D	1	N/D
162	Brunei	N/D	1	N/D
163	Cape Verde	N/D	1	N/D
164	Guinea-Bissau	N/D	1	N/D
165	Laos	N/D	1	N/D
166	Liechtenstein	N/D	1	N/D
167	Lesotho	N/D	1	N/D
168	Maldives	N/D	1	N/D
169	Norfolk Island	N/D	1	N/D
170	Oman	N/D	1	N/D
171	Solomon Islands	N/D	1	N/D
172	Sierra Leone	N/D	1	N/D
173	Chad	N/D	1	N/D
174	Kazakhstan	N/D	1	N/D
175	Uzbekistan	N/D	1	N/D
176	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	N/D	1	N/D
TOTAL		961,121	492,617	340,246
Source: INEGI (2000) and CONAPO (1990)

External links

• 2000 Census Data, INEGI