Talk:Barack Obama
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Frequently asked questions To view the response to a question, click the [show] link to the right of the question. Family and religious background Q1: Why isn't Barack Obama's Muslim heritage or education included in this article?
A1: Barack Obama was never a practitioner of Islam. His biological father having been "raised as a Muslim" but being a "confirmed atheist" by the time Obama was born is mentioned in the article. Please see this article on Snopes.com for a fairly in-depth debunking of the myth that Obama is Muslim. Barack Obama did not attend an Islamic or Muslim school while living in Indonesia age 6–10, but Roman Catholic and secular public schools. See [1], [2], [3] The sub-articles Public image of Barack Obama and Barack Obama religion conspiracy theories address this issue. Q2: The article refers to him as African American, but his mother is white and his black father was not an American. Should he be called African American, or something else ("biracial", "mixed", "Kenyan-American", "mulatto", "quadroon", etc.)?
A2: Obama himself and the media identify him, the vast majority of the time, as African American or black. African American is primarily defined as "citizens or residents of the United States who have origins in any of the black populations of Africa", a statement that accurately describes Obama and does not preclude or negate origins in the white populations of America as well. Thus we use the term African American in the introduction, and address the specifics of his parentage in the first headed section of the article. Many individuals who identify as black have varieties of ancestors from many countries who may identify with other racial or ethnic groups. See our article on race for more information on this concept. We could call him the first "biracial" candidate or the first "half black half white" candidate or the first candidate with a parent born in Africa, but Wikipedia is a tertiary source which reports what other reliable sources say, and most of those other sources say "first African American". Readers will learn more detail about his ethnic background in the article body. Q3: Why can't we use his full name outside of the lead? It's his name, isn't it?
A3: The relevant part of the Manual of Style says that outside the lead of an article on a person, that person's conventional name is the only one that's appropriate. (Thus one use of "Richard Milhous Nixon" in the lead of Richard Nixon, "Richard Nixon" thereafter.) Talk page consensus has also established this. Q4: Why is Obama referred to as "Barack Hussein Obama II" in the lead sentence rather than "Barack Hussein Obama, Jr."? Isn't "Jr." more common?
A4: Although "Jr." is typically used when a child shares the name of his or her parent, "II" is considered acceptable, as well. And in Obama's case, the usage on his birth certificate is indeed "II", and is thus the form used at the beginning of this article, per manual of style guidelines on names. Q5: Why don't we cover the claims that Obama is not a United States citizen, his birth certificate was forged, he was not born in Hawaii, he is ineligible to be President, etc?
A5: The Barack Obama article consists of an overview of major issues in the life and times of the subject. The controversy over his eligibility, citizenship, birth certificate etc is currently a fairly minor issue in overall terms, and has had no significant legal or mainstream political impact. It is therefore not currently appropriate for inclusion in an overview article. These claims are covered separately in Barack Obama citizenship conspiracy theories. Controversies, praise, and criticism Q6: Why isn't there a criticisms/controversies section?
A6: Because a section dedicated to criticisms and controversies is no more appropriate than a section dedicated solely to praise and is an indication of a poorly written article. Criticisms/controversies/praises should be worked into the existing prose of the article, per the Criticism essay. Q7: Why isn't a certain controversy/criticism/praise included in this article?
A7: Wikipedia's Biography of living persons policy says that "[c]riticism and praise of the subject should be represented if it is relevant to the subject's notability and can be sourced to reliable secondary sources, and so long as the material is written in a manner that does not overwhelm the article or appear to take sides; it needs to be presented responsibly, conservatively, and in a neutral, encyclopedic tone." Criticism or praise that cannot be reliably sourced cannot be placed in a biography. Also, including everything about Obama in a single article would exceed Wikipedia's article size restrictions. A number of sub-articles have been created and some controversies/criticisms/praises have been summarized here or been left out of this article altogether, but are covered in some detail in the sub-articles. Q8: But this controversy/criticism/praise is all over the news right now! It should be covered in detail in the main article, not buried in a sub-article!
A8: Wikipedia articles should avoid giving undue weight to something just because it is in the news right now. If you feel that the criticism/controversy/praise is not being given enough weight in this article, you can try to start a discussion on the talk page about giving it more. See WP:BRD. Q9: This article needs much more (or much less) criticism/controversy.
A9: Please try to assume good faith. Like all articles on Wikipedia, this article is a work in progress so it is possible for biases to exist at any point in time. If you see a bias that you wish to address, you are more than welcome to start a new discussion, or join in an existing discussion, but please be ready to provide sources to support your viewpoint and try to keep your comments civil. Starting off your discussion by accusing the editors of this article of having a bias is the quickest way to get your comment ignored. Talk and article mechanics Q10: This article is over 275kb long, and the article size guideline says that it should be broken up into sub-articles. Why hasn't this happened?
A10: The restriction mentioned in WP:SIZE is 60kB of readable prose, not the byte count you see when you open the page for editing. As of May 11, 2016, this article had about 10,570 words of readable prose (65 kB according to prosesize tool), only slightly above the guideline. The rest is mainly citations and invisible comments, which do not count towards the limit. Q11: I notice this FAQ mentions starting discussions or joining in on existing discussions a lot. If Wikipedia is supposed to be the encyclopedia anyone can edit, shouldn't I just be bold and fix any biases that I see in the article?
A11: It is true that Wikipedia is the encyclopedia that anyone can edit and no one needs the permission of other editors of this article to make changes to it. But Wikipedia policy is that, "While the consensus process does not require posting to the discussion page, it can be useful and is encouraged." This article attracts editors that have very strong opinions about Obama (positive and negative) and these editors have different opinions about what should and should not be in the article, including differences as to appropriate level of detail. As a result of this it may be helpful, as a way to avoid content disputes, to seek consensus before adding contentious material to or removing it from the article. Q12: The article/talk page has been vandalized! Why hasn't anyone fixed this?
A12: Many editors watch this article, and it is unlikely that vandalism would remain unnoticed for long. It is possible that you are viewing a cached result of the article; If so, try bypassing your cache. Q13: Why are so many discussions closed so quickly?
A13: Swift closure is common for topics that have already been discussed repeatedly, topics pushing fringe theories, and topics that would lead to violations of Wikipedia's policy concerning biographies of living persons, because of their disruptive nature and the unlikelihood that consensus to include the material will arise from the new discussion. In those cases, editors are encouraged to read this FAQ for examples of such common topics. Q14: I added new content to the article, but it was removed!
A14: Double-check that your content addition is not sourced to an opinion blog, editorial, or non-mainstream news source. Wikipedia's policy on biographies of living persons states, in part, "Material about living persons must be sourced very carefully. Without reliable third-party sources, it may include original research and unverifiable statements, and could lead to libel claims." Sources of information must be of a very high quality for biographies. While this does not result in an outright ban of all blogs and opinion pieces, most of them are regarded as questionable. Inflammatory or potentially libelous content cited to a questionable source will be removed immediately without discussion. Q15: I disagree with the policies and content guidelines that prevent my proposed content from being added to the article.
A15: That's understandable. Wikipedia is a work in progress. If you do not approve of a policy cited in the removal of content, it's possible to change it. Making cogent, logical arguments on the policy's talk page is likely to result in a positive alteration. This is highly encouraged. However, this talk page is not the appropriate place to dispute the wording used in policies and guidelines. If you disagree with the interpretation of a policy or guideline, there is also recourse: Dispute resolution. Using the dispute resolution process prevents edit wars, and is encouraged. Q16: I saw someone start a discussion on a topic raised by a blog/opinion piece, and it was reverted!
A16: Unfortunately, due to its high profile, this talk page sees a lot of attempts to argue for policy- and guideline-violating content – sometimes the same violations many times a day. These are regarded as disruptive, as outlined above. Consensus can change; material previously determined to be unacceptable may become acceptable. But it becomes disruptive and exhausting when single-purpose accounts raise the same subject(s) repeatedly in the apparent hopes of overcoming significant objections by other editors. Editors have reached a consensus for dealing with this behavior:
Other Q17: Why aren't the 2008 and 2012 presidential campaigns covered in more detail?
A17: They are, in sub-articles called Barack Obama 2008 presidential campaign and Barack Obama 2012 presidential campaign. Things that are notable in the context of the presidential campaigns, but are of minimal notability to Barack Obama's overall biography, belong in the sub-articles. Campaign stops, the presidential debates, and the back-and-forth accusations and claims of the campaigns can all be found there. |
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Can fix template-error by hand-coded cites
Another option, although very tedious, is to gain consensus, per WP:CITEVAR, to remove the citation templates and begin replacing with hand-coded citations of authors, italic titles, dates, etc. The initial effort probably requires the hand-coding of about 100 citations, as a first step, to fit within the post-expand include-size limit of 2,048,000 bytes of template data, and not crash the bottom 14 templates (3 navboxes, {Persondata}, Authority control, and FA/GA links). I guess, the next step is to !vote, further below. However, other concerns can be discussed at "#General discussion" rather than in the Support/Oppose/Neutral sub-threads. -Wikid77 (talk) 12:24, 14 October 2012 (UTC)
Support
The following editors support removal of cite templates in "Barack Obama".
- Support. Too much hostility and fear about cite templates, and whether the future Lua script modules will work (without their own new problems), and anyway, hand-coded citations are 30x times faster than {cite_news} or {cite_web}, etc. -Wikid77 (talk) 12:24, 14 October 2012 (UTC)
Oppose
The following editors oppose removal of cite templates in "Barack Obama".
- Oppose. Are you kidding? Handcoding citations is crazy talk. There are over 300 references, many of which apply multiple times. Switching over to handcoded references would require an enormous effort. And isn't that a retrograde step? The goal is generally to have more automation to make the life of the editor easier, not less. -- Scjessey (talk) 14:34, 14 October 2012 (UTC)
See below #General discussion note "Semi-automated hand-coding". -Wikid77 00:12, 15 October 2012 (UTC) - Oppose anything that is lossy. Hand-coded cites can't easily be restored to templated ones, can they? They'd have to be redone from scratch. The inverse isn't true, one could create hard-coded cites from templates. It's also unacceptable that we have a page that crashes the server's parser. Isn't there a simple procedural / technical solution to this one, such as creating an intermediary version? - Wikidemon (talk) 20:17, 14 October 2012 (UTC)
See below #General discussion note "Smaller page text". Restoring hand-coded cites to templates, after 6-8 months (for use of Lua script cites), is likely to be tedious. -Wikid77 00:12, 15 October 2012 (UTC) - Oppose under the very specific understanding that this article must otherwise use cite quick. --Nouniquenames 03:43, 15 October 2012 (UTC)
Neutral
The following editors are neutral about cite templates in "Barack Obama".
- Neutral. (comment)
General discussion
Discuss here with other comments about the use of the cite templates, {cite_news}, {cite_web}, {cite_quick}, etc. -Wikid77 (talk) 12:24, 14 October 2012 (UTC)
- Semi-automated hand-coding: It would be easy to have a template to generate the "hand-coded" simple wikitext, by using a variation as {Cite_quick/subst} to run as a wp:Subst'ed template, once the reftags are changed from "<ref>" to "<xxref>" in an Obama/sandbox to allow subst'ing outside the reftags. Then insert all {Cite_quick/subst} and save to store simple wikitext cites. Finally, re-edit to reverse "<xxref>" back to "<ref>" and adjust any format glitches. Once the Obama/sandbox has been skimmed for approval, then copy all text to the live article. -Wikid77 00:12, 15 October 2012 (UTC)
- Smaller page text: Another option is to shrink the article by some minor cites, and removing the fancy template parameters such as the "archiveurl=" which is excessive because the major "url=" webpages are still current, and the archive-sites are "too much information" to cause the cite-templates to exceed their parameter data limit (the post-expand include-size limit). Perhaps next year, the DASHBot could be re-run to re-add the "archiveurl=" data back into 120 cites, but for now, it would reduce the article enough to fit, but re-raise the edit-preview from 11 seconds back to 40 seconds. -Wikid77 00:12, 15 October 2012 (UTC)
- Cite Quick: it works. Use it. It really is that simple. --Nouniquenames 04:07, 15 October 2012 (UTC)
- Lua-cites for Obama need work: Some editors have imagined that the wp:CS1 cite templates "have been rewritten" completely, on test2.wiki, using a Lua script module, as if "perfect" fast versions. However, for months, those partial versions, although fast, have had severe bugs, such as double dots ".." between some parameters, missing spaces, or unformatted links to archive URLs. To check progress, I have copied the Obama article to test2.wiki, so that other editors can see the rate of progress, in changing cite templates to use Lua modules. See test2.wiki:
- http://test2.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barack_Obama - version of Obama page on test2.wiki
- In general, any page on test2.wiki has the same URL format as enwiki, with the leading "en." changed (to be "test2."), but only a tiny fraction of the millions of templates and article pages have been copied there for early testing. More later. -Wikid77 (talk) 10:55, 16 October 2012 (UTC)
- No, the Lua templates aren't ready for prime time but they will be. It took me a few hours to port a mildly complex template {{Zh}} from scratch. I know the template well enough from using it but knew nothing of its coding, and it only took me so long as I was learning Lua at the same time. There's no deadline for porting templates to Lua but the citation templates should be the first ones done as the ones with the most immediate impact.--JohnBlackburnewordsdeeds 15:17, 16 October 2012 (UTC)
- Lua cite templates fixed to match format: I have edited the test2.wiki Lua script Module:Citation to fix many of the format problems, and now, the Lua-based citations are almost identical to the wp:CS1 templates. Feel free to improve any other format differences, among the numerous parameters. -Wikid77 (talk) 05:51, 19 October 2012 (UTC)
grammar
It reads: "....first 'african' american to hold office." Black would be a better word because it includes those from Haiti, etc.Slushy9 (talk) 20:46, 17 October 2012 (UTC)
- African American is by far the more commonly used term by reliable sources regarding Obama and is what Obama identifies himself as. Due to those reasons African American is the better choice.--174.93.171.10 (talk) 22:09, 17 October 2012 (UTC)
- The OP may also benefit from clicking [show] beside the Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) at the top of this page. Question 2 apples here. HiLo48 (talk) 00:12, 18 October 2012 (UTC)
Religion type
Instead of just saying Obama is a 'Christian', something that I think every US president, Vice President would say they were, I have included his 'brand' of Christianity, making it consistent with every other article about a US president. Rodchen (talk) 00:25, 19 October 2012 (UTC)
- If you check the talk page archives, you'll see that this has actually been extensively discussed. The issue is that Obama left the United Church of Christ and that, in the time since, no RS specifying a current denomination has been presented. Thus, "Christian" is as precise as we can currently get. --OuroborosCobra (talk) 01:26, 19 October 2012 (UTC)
- So why doesn't it say that? It does for Reagan and Bush II. Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 05:34, 20 October 2012 (UTC)
Ok, seeing no objection, that is what I will do. Rodchen (talk) 04:38, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
Sorry, I can't figure out how to do it without making it 'red' in color. When I figure it out, I will make the change. Saying 'United Church of Christ, later Unaffiliate Christian' seems the most accurate. Other comments? Rodchen (talk) 04:56, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- That's original research (WP:OR), aka an editor's opinion. Wikipedia normally uses reliable sources, particularly for things like a person's religion. Johnuniq (talk) 06:25, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- How is that OR? There's source for United Church of Christ (no?) and there's a source for now Christianity (no?). Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 11:36, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Well, because it's delving into the mind of Obama without an actual statement from the subject. This has been discussed before, on several occasions. The decision has been to list his religion as "Christian" until he makes some sort of statement on his beliefs after leaving the UCC. Rodchen continually changing it is disruptive. Feigning consensus is familiar. In any case, I don't know if the UCC is a "religion", per se. Aren't they a "Protestant" church? Dave Dial (talk) 14:06, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- You're talking past the point: was he a member of UCC? Yes. Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 14:18, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- There is a long-established consensus (see archive, multiple discussions) to just leave it as "Christian". Obama has been seen attending the churches of many different flavors of Christianity (sources are available for these), so there is no specific denomination anymore. -- Scjessey (talk) 16:33, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- You're missing the point as well: If it only matters what one is now, why do other presidents have past denominations in the infobox? Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 16:43, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Who gives a fuck what goes on in other articles? We follow policies, guidelines, references and consensus here, not what goes on in other articles. -- Scjessey (talk) 16:47, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Hey Scjessey, other stuff does exist. Frankly, if there is one or more really good reference(s) saying he is "unaffiliated", I don't see the harm in saying something like "UCC later Unaffiliated". On the other hand, these religious categorization arguments get so ridiculous and muddy. Sticking with generic "Christian" to avoid debate might be wise.
- Guess that opinion makes me sorta neutral...... NickCT (talk) 17:29, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Who gives a fuck what goes on in other articles? We follow policies, guidelines, references and consensus here, not what goes on in other articles. -- Scjessey (talk) 16:47, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- You're missing the point as well: If it only matters what one is now, why do other presidents have past denominations in the infobox? Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 16:43, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- There is a long-established consensus (see archive, multiple discussions) to just leave it as "Christian". Obama has been seen attending the churches of many different flavors of Christianity (sources are available for these), so there is no specific denomination anymore. -- Scjessey (talk) 16:33, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- You're talking past the point: was he a member of UCC? Yes. Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 14:18, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Well, because it's delving into the mind of Obama without an actual statement from the subject. This has been discussed before, on several occasions. The decision has been to list his religion as "Christian" until he makes some sort of statement on his beliefs after leaving the UCC. Rodchen continually changing it is disruptive. Feigning consensus is familiar. In any case, I don't know if the UCC is a "religion", per se. Aren't they a "Protestant" church? Dave Dial (talk) 14:06, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- How is that OR? There's source for United Church of Christ (no?) and there's a source for now Christianity (no?). Choyoołʼįįhí:Seb az86556 > haneʼ 11:36, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Here is what Wikipedia says about other recent Presidents. I haven't tried to copy the formatting; just the content:
- George W Bush: Religion Episcopal (Before 1977) United Methodism (1977–present)
- Bill Clinton: Religion Baptist
- George H. W. Bush: Religion Episcopal
- Ronald Reagan: Religion Disciples of Christ later Presbyterian
- Jimmy Carter: Religion Baptist William Jockusch (talk) 19:45, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- I don't see how any of that means anything. Articles are independent, William. Obama describes himself as a "Christian". It says that in the text and it is well sourced. Those other articles clearly misuse the "religion" infobox field by showing denominations instead. "Baptist" isn't a religion, for example. It's a denomination. -- Scjessey (talk) 19:57, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- I believe precedent is helpful in determining what is the NPOV way to handle an issue. William Jockusch (talk) 20:36, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- What has NPOV got to do with it? Are you saying that "Christian" isn't neutral? I'm suddenly extremely suspicious of the motives for changing this. -- Scjessey (talk) 22:00, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Okay, I haven't really followed this. Consistency in dealing with a category or descriptor is important, that's why we have a style guideline. A mistake in 4 non-featured articles doesn't justify making the same mistake in a featured article. But then again, local consensus shouldn't turn each article into a complete data silo. Off the top of my head, Christianity is a religion, but being a member of a given church denomination isn't a deep religious issue for most, particularly in America where membership is fluid and there aren't usually significant doctrinal differences - it reminds me of the old joke: "Church preference? Red brick with white steeple". I understand ScJessey's point, that the UC o' C thing relates to the whole Jeremiah Wright mess. That's why he quit for sure. Plus, if someone used to be a member of UCC and now declines to state their denomination, I think we're stretching things to use their last church. - Wikidemon (talk) 22:48, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- What has NPOV got to do with it? Are you saying that "Christian" isn't neutral? I'm suddenly extremely suspicious of the motives for changing this. -- Scjessey (talk) 22:00, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- I believe precedent is helpful in determining what is the NPOV way to handle an issue. William Jockusch (talk) 20:36, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- I don't see how any of that means anything. Articles are independent, William. Obama describes himself as a "Christian". It says that in the text and it is well sourced. Those other articles clearly misuse the "religion" infobox field by showing denominations instead. "Baptist" isn't a religion, for example. It's a denomination. -- Scjessey (talk) 19:57, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
- Rodchen, you've been blocked before for edit warring. I suggest you stop, especially since this article is under single-edit probation. 69.62.243.48 (talk) 23:26, 22 October 2012 (UTC)
No mention of Obama's teachers and mentors?
Did I miss something, or does the article make no mention of Obama's association with Frank Marshall Davis, Edward Said, Roberto Unger, and Bill Ayers? I think it ought to include such.
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