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Gandhidham

Coordinates: 23°05′N 70°08′E / 23.08°N 70.13°E / 23.08; 70.13
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Gandhidham
City
Dadi Nirmala Gajwani Market Gate
Dadi Nirmala Gajwani Market Gate
Nickname: 
Sardar Ganj
Gandhidham is located in Gujarat
Gandhidham
Gandhidham
Location in Gujarat, India
Coordinates: 23°05′N 70°08′E / 23.08°N 70.13°E / 23.08; 70.13
Country India
StateGujarat
DistrictKutch
Founded byBhai Pratap
Government
 • TypeGandhidham Municipality
Area
 • Total
63.49 km2 (24.51 sq mi)
Elevation
27 m (89 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Total
248,705
 • Rank181
 • Density3,900/km2 (10,000/sq mi)
Languages = Official
Time zoneUTC+5:30
PIN
370201, 370203, 370205, 370230, 370240
Telephone code02836
Vehicle registrationGJ-12
Sex ratio0.879 ♂/♀
Distance from Bhuj60 kilometres (37 mi)
Distance from Gandhinagar365 kilometres (227 mi)
Websitehttps://www.gandhidhamnagarpalika.org/

Gandhidham, initially known as Sardarganj, is the largest and most populous city in (Kachchh) Kutch District, Gujarat, India.[1] It was created in the early 1950s for the resettlement of Sindhi Hindu refugees from Sindh (now in Pakistan) in the aftermath of the partition of India.[2] It was named after M.K. Gandhi. An economic capital of Kutch and a growing area for families and retirees, it is Gujarat's 8th[3][4] most populous city. It is a popular destination for conventions, business, and meetings.

History

Bhai Pratap Spinning Cotton yarn

Soon after the Partition of India in 1947, a large group of Sindhi Hindus refugees from Sindh of Pakistan migrated to India. The Maharaja of Kutch His Highness Maharao Shri Vijayrajji Khengarji Jadeja, donated 15,000 acres (61 km2) of land to Bhai Pratap, who founded the Sindhu Resettlement Corporation Ltd (SRC) to rehabilitate Sindhi Hindus that migrated from Sindh in Pakistan.[5]

The Sindhu Resettlement Corporation Ltd was formed with Acharaya Kriplani as chairman and Bhai Pratap Dialdas as managing director. The corporation's primary goal was to help displaced people find new dwellings by building a new township. The original plan was prepared by a team of planners headed by Dr. O. H. Koenigsberger, director of the division of housing in the Government of India. Later, the plan was revised by Adams Howard and Greeley Company in 1952. The foundation stone of the town was laid with the blessings of Gandhi in 1947. Hence, the town was named Gandhidham. To clean the desert where it was built, Bhai Pratap gave an incentive of 25 paise to kill scorpions and 50 paise to kill snakes.[6] The original plan envisaged 400,000 as of the ultimate population of the town, expecting half of it to be reached in the mid-seventies. A revised plan envisaged three stages of town development with the mid-stage lasting longer with a population of around 150,000.

Geography and climate

Gandhidham is located at latitude 23.08° N longitude 70.13° E.[7] The main city is constructed in accordance with the principles of Vastu-Shastra (Hindu belief of construction), i.e., the main city has its face directed to the East.

Due to the very high potential evapotranspiration, Gandhidham has a hot arid climate (Köppen BWh), just short of a hot semi-arid climate (Köppen BSh) despite receiving around 375 millimetres or 15 inches of rainfall per year.

Almost all rainfall occurs during the monsoon season from June to September — outside this period, Gandhidham averages just 15 millimetres or 0.59 inches of rain in eight months. Gandhidhamʼs amount of rainfall, although not especially low on paper, is amongst the most erratic anywhere in the world with a coefficient of variation of around sixty percent [8] – among the few comparably variable climates in the world being the Line Islands of Kiribati, the Pilbara coast of Western Australia, the sertão of Northeastern Brazil, and the Cape Verde islands.[9]

During the "cool" season from October to March, temperatures range from very warm to hot during the afternoon and are cool to pleasant in the mornings. Whilst during the hot season, afternoon temperatures become sweltering and extremely unpleasant, especially when, with the approach of the monsoon, humidity increases.

Climate data for Gandhidham
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Mean daily maximum °C (°F) 26.8
(80.2) 		30.0
(86.0) 		34.8
(94.6) 		38.5
(101.3) 		39.8
(103.6) 		38.0
(100.4) 		33.9
(93.0) 		32.6
(90.7) 		33.8
(92.8) 		36.1
(97.0) 		33.1
(91.6) 		28.6
(83.5) 		33.8
(92.9)
Daily mean °C (°F) 18.2
(64.8) 		21.2
(70.2) 		26.1
(79.0) 		30.2
(86.4) 		32.7
(90.9) 		32.7
(90.9) 		30.1
(86.2) 		29.0
(84.2) 		29.0
(84.2) 		28.7
(83.7) 		24.2
(75.6) 		19.8
(67.6) 		26.8
(80.3)
Mean daily minimum °C (°F) 9.7
(49.5) 		12.4
(54.3) 		17.5
(63.5) 		21.9
(71.4) 		25.6
(78.1) 		27.5
(81.5) 		26.4
(79.5) 		25.5
(77.9) 		24.2
(75.6) 		21.3
(70.3) 		15.3
(59.5) 		11.0
(51.8) 		19.9
(67.7)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 2
(0.1) 		1
(0.0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		0
(0) 		41
(1.6) 		184
(7.2) 		86
(3.4) 		49
(1.9) 		7
(0.3) 		4
(0.2) 		1
(0.0) 		375
(14.7)
Source: Climate-Data.org (altitude: 19m)[10]

Governance

The city is represented by a constituency in the Gujarat Vidhan Sabha. It forms part of the Kachchh Lok Sabha constituency.

2001 Earthquake Calamity

Lilashah statue at Gandhidham

The Gujarat earthquake of 2001 majorly affected the city of Gandhidham along with many nearby towns like Bhuj, Anjar, Bhachau and more. The shock, which measured 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale and had a maximum Mercalli intensity of XI (Extreme), killed 13,805–20,023, left roughly 166,800 injured, and many were left homeless including Gandhidham. The death toll in the Kutch region was 12,300. Bhuj, which was situated only 50  km away from the Gandhidham, was devastated. Considerable damage also occurred in City Gandhdidham and Bhachau and Anjar with hundreds of villages flattened in Taluka of Anjar, Bhuj and Bhachau.

Land of Adipur and Gandhidham

Gandhidham was the dream of Pratap Dialdas. Bhai Pratap Dialdas requested great Leaders of India for the procurement of land in the Kachchh region. They requested Maharao Vijayraj Ji of Kachchh for granting of land for re-settlement of Sindhi community people migrated from Sindh. Maharao, without any delay, granted 15000 acres of land for the purpose. Bhai Pratap said this is too big land and cannot be developed by SRC Ltd, therefore, he desired to keep with him only 2,600 acres, and the rest of the land was given to KPT and GDA for management. Today Adipur and Gandhidham townships are the townships of pride in the District of Kachchh only with the grace of Rajput Kshatriya ancestors – Provided by Ram Amarnani.

Distance between twin-townships of Adipur & Gandhidham is 6  km still not developed fully and 0  km if full land constructed. The airport road dividing wards 5 & 7 divides these townships, whereas Municipality is one, known as Gandhidham Municipality. These towns are divided in two parts wherein land is recognized as Wards & Sectors. Townships have six wards each 1to6 in Adipur and 7to12 in Gandhidham. These wards consist of commercial, industrial and residential plots of land. The land which is owned and managed by SRC (The Sindhu Resettlement Corporation Ltd) is known as 'Wards' and The land which is owned and managed by KPT (Kandla Port Trust) is known as 'Sectors'. There are 13 such sectors in Gandhidham. Apart from this, there is vast land managed by GDA (Gandhidham Development Authority) which is known as "NU". For the construction of any permanent structure in these townships, the permission of GDA is a must.

The Authority was constituted by the State Government under their Resolution No. TPS-3858(a) dated 08.08.1958 published in the Bombay Government Gazette part IVB, Extraordinary issue dated 11.08.1958. The GDA was created on 08.08.1958.[11]

  • Rotary Circle
    Rotary Circle
  • Tagore Road
    Tagore Road
  • Sri Gurunanak Dev ji Marg
    Sri Gurunanak Dev ji Marg

Education

Schools in the area include

CBSE SCHOOLS

STATE BOARD ENGLISH MEDIUM SCHOOLS

GUJARATI MEDIUM SCHOOLS

PRE-PRIMARY SCHOOLS

Hindi Medium Schools are

For professional courses like Chartered Accountancy and Cost & Management Accountancy the national professional accounting body of India like Institute of Chartered Accountants of India and Institute of Cost Accountants of India have opened an examination centre at Adipur.

College and graduation

Colleges for graduation and higher studies are Tolani College of Science & Arts, Tolani Commerce College, Pharmacy college and Diploma in Engineering, Management Institute situated nearby in Adipur. DNV International Educational College is situated in Bharatnagar; the courses provided are BCA and BBA

Transport

Gandhidham Junction main entrance
Kutch Express at Gandhidham Railway Station
(Gandhidham - Kamakhya) Express route map

Gandhidham is connected by road and rail to the rest of India. Transport Nagar, on the outskirts of Gandhidham, is the hub of all major transport activity. There are trains to, Ahmedabad, Allahabad, Varanasi, Kanpur, Agra, Lucknow, Faizabad, Patna, Jodhpur, Ajmer, Alwar, Abu Road, Jaipur, Mumbai, Vadodara, Surat, Yesvantpur, Kalyan, Bhiwandi, Pune, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Indore, Bangalore, Thiruvananthapuram, Kochi, Kollam, Kota, Delhi, Durg, Guwahati, Puri, Chengannur, Jalgaon, Bhusaval, Raipur, Vizag, Nagercoil, Vijayawada, Warangal, Rajahmundry and several other cities. Many private companies operate bus services to major cities in Gujarat like Ahmedabad and Rajkot. India's largest port, Kandla is around 11 km from the city. It also has connectivity to Kandla Airport near village Galpadar. From August 2016 Airconnect has started its daily services for Ahmedabad and Surat (Kandla-Ahmedabad-Surat at 17:40 & Surat-Ahmedabad-Kandla at 07:45). Spicejet has announced one flight from Mumbai to Kandla Airport (Gandhidham) Departing at 13:05 and arriving at 14:30; and return to Mumbai with departure at 15:10, arriving at 16:50 from 11 July 2017 onwards.

Trains

Train No. Train name Runs from source Destination Departure days Arrival days
18501/18502 Visakhapatnam–Gandhidham Express Gandhidham Visakhapatnam Friday Sunday
22973/22974 Gandhidham–Puri Weekly Express Gandhidham Puri Wednesday Friday
16335/16336 Nagercoil Express Gandhidham Nagercoil Friday Thursday
16505/16506 Gandhidham–Bangalore City Express Gandhidham Bangalore Tuesday Monday
11091/11092 Ahimsa Express Bhuj Pune Wednesday Tuesday
15667/15668 Kamakhya–Gandhidham Express Gandhidham Kamakhya Saturday Saturday
14312/14311 via Ahmedabad & 14322/14321 via Bhildi Ala Hazrat Express (via Ahmedabad) Ala Hazrat Express (via Bhildi) Bhuj Bareilly Tuesday, Thursday & Sunday For 14312. Monday, Wednesday, Friday & Saturday For 14322. Friday, Saturday, Monday For 14311. Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday & Sunday For 14321.
22829/22830 Shalimar–Bhuj Weekly Superfast Express Bhuj Shalimar Tuesday Monday
22904/22903 Bandra Terminus–Bhuj AC Superfast Express Bhuj Bandra Monday, Thursday, Saturday Thursday, Saturday, Monday
12937/12938 Garbha Express Gandhidham Howrah Saturday Wednesday
12960/12959 Dadar–Bhuj Superfast Express Bhuj Dadar Monday, Thursday Wednesday, Saturday
14802/14801 Gandhidham–Jodhpur Express Gandhidham Jodhpur Monday, Wednesday, Saturday Monday, Wednesday, Saturday
22955/22956 Kutch Express Bhuj Bandra, Mumbai Daily Daily
12993/12994 Gandhidham–Puri Weekly Superfast Express Gandhidham Puri Monday Wednesday
19116/19115 Sayajinagari Express Bhuj Bandra Daily Daily

Airport

Kandla airport is a small airport on the outskirt of Gandhidham near Galpadar town, which is not a regular airport. Daily one jet flight to-n-fro service is available from Kandla to Mumbai. SpiceJet has announced one more flight for Mumbai from 11 July 2017 onward. Truejet has stated flight for Ahmedabad.

See also

References

  1. ^ News, India TV. "Gandhidham Pin Code | Postal Code (Zip Code) of Gandhidham, Kachchh, Gujarat, India". www.indiatvnews.com. Retrieved 22 October 2023. {{cite web}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  2. ^ "Gandhidham – City – Gujarat Updates". 11 January 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  3. ^ List of cities in Gujarat by population
  4. ^ "Gujarat Population Census data 2011". www.census2011.co.in.
  5. ^ "Welcome to Indian Institute of Sindhology". Archived from the original on 7 January 2010. Retrieved 2 August 2010.
  6. ^ "Bhai Pratap". The Sindhu Resettlement Corporation, Gandhidham, India. p. 1. Archived from the original on 17 December 2009. Retrieved 28 September 2007. To clean the desert where it was built, Bhai Pratap gave an incentive of 25 paise to kill scorpions and 50 paise to kill snakes
  7. ^ "About Gandhidham, Gandhidham Information, Gandhidham Facts". www.gandhidhamonline.in. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  8. ^ Van Etten, Eddie J.B.; ‘Inter-annual Rainfall Variability of Arid Australia: greater than elsewhere?’; Australian Geographer; 40 (2009), pp. 109-120
  9. ^ Dewar, Robert E. and Wallis, James R; ‘Geographical patterning of interannual rainfall variability in the tropics and near tropics: An L-moments approach’; in Journal of Climate, 12; pp. 3457-3466
  10. ^ "Climate: Gandhidham – Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table". Climate-Data.org. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  11. ^ "About GDA". Gandhidham Development Authority.

Further reading

  • Kripalani, J. B. 1951. Gandhidham. Bombay: [Mangharam N. Thadani for the Sindhu Resettlement Corp.]
  • Adams, Howard & Greely. 1952. Report on a revised plan for the town and region of Gandhidham, Anjar Taluka, Kutch India, prepared for the Government of India Ministry of Transport, and the United States Department of State. [Boston: Adams, Howard & Greely].
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