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Ancient Greece
Name
Date
Location
Deaths
Perpetrators
Notes
Massacre of Argos
494 BC
Argos
6,000
Sparta
Argive survivors of the defeat at Sepeia burned alive in the sacred grove of Argos
Olynthus Massacre
479 BC
Olynthus
All inhabitants killed
Persian Empire
Drabeskos massacre
465 BC
Draviskos
Athenian colonists
Thracians
Athenian colonists slain by Thracians.[ 1]
Massacre of Plataea
431 BC
Plataea
150
Plataea
150 Theban POWs executed
Fall of Plataea
427 BC
Plataea
200
Sparta
200 Plataean and Athenian POWs executed
First massacre of Corcyran oligarchs
427 BC
Corcyra
Unknown
Corcyran popular party
Corcyran oligarchs executed by the popular party
Mytilenean revolt
427 BC
Mytilene
1,000
Athens
Ringleaders of the rebellion executed
Helot Massacre
425 BC
Peloponnese
2,000
Sparta
2,000 Helot slaves executed by Sparta
Second massacre of Corcyran oligarchs
425 BC
Corcyra
Unknown
Corcyran popular party
Corcyran oligarchs executed by the popular party
Destruction of Scione
421 BC
Scione
All of Scione's men killed
Athens
Men killed, women and children enslaved
Massacre of Hysiae
417 BC
Hysiae
All male citizens of Hysiae killed
Sparta
Destruction of Melos
416 BC
Milos
All Melian men killed
Athens
Women and children enslaved.
Massacre of Mycalessus
413 BC
Mycalessus
All inhabitants of Mycalessus killed
Thracian mercenaries of Athens
Corcyra Massacre
361 BC
Corcyra
Unknown
Athens
Many Corcyrans killed
Battle of Thebes
December 335 BC
Thebes
6,000
Macedonian Army
The city was completely destroyed and 30,000 were enslaved
Argos Massacre
315 BC
Argos
500
Macedonian Army
500 Argive senators burned alive
Orchomenus Massacre
313 BC
Orchomenus
Unknown
Oligarchs supported by Macedon
Messene Massacre
213 BC
Messene
200
Demagogues supported by Macedon
200 magistrates and their supporters killed
Maroneia Massacre
184 BC
Maroneia
Unknown
Macedonian Army
Many Maronites killed
Aetolian massacre
167 BC
Aetolia
550
Roman Army
550 Aetolian leaders killed by Roman soldiers.
Destruction of Corinth
146 BC
Corinth
All Corinthian men killed
Roman Army
Complete destruction of the city. Population partly massacred, partly enslaved.
Asiatic Vespers
88 BC
Asia (Roman province)
80,000–150,000
Kingdom of Pontus led by Mithridates VI
Romans and Italians killed. Served as a casus belli for the First Mithridatic War .
Sack of Athens
86 BC
Athens
Unknown
Roman Army
Population partly massacred and large parts of the city burned down.
Roman Empire / Byzantine Empire
Ottoman Greece
Name
Date
Location
Deaths
Perpetrators
Notes
Ottoman conquest of Lesbos
15 September 1461
Lesbos
300
Ottoman Army
300 Italian soldiers massacred by Ottoman Army under Mehmed II .
Peloponnese massacres
March 1770
Peloponnese, mainly Tripolitsa
3,000-10,000 (plus 20,000 refugees)
Albanian irregulars
After the failure of Orlov Revolt .
Preveza massacre
October 1798
Preveza
Unknown
Albanian Muslims
Complete destruction, devastation of the city. The biographer of Ali Pasha, Spyros Aravantinos, states that before the massacre, the population of Preveza was 16,000, while according to the traveler Henry Holland who visited the town in 1812 – fourteen years after the event – there were only 4,000 souls.[ 2]
Greek War of Independence (1821–1832)
Name
Date
Location
Deaths
Perpetrators
Notes
Constantinople massacre
April–July 1821
Occurred in Constantinople, but contemporary pogrom activities spread in parts of present-day Greece (Kos , Rhodes )[ 3]
unknown
Ottoman government
Navarino massacre
19 August 1821
Pylos
3,000
Greek irregular forces
Massacre of Samothrace
1 September 1821
Samothrace
1,000[ 4]
Ottoman army
Complete destruction, devastation of the island.
Tripolitsa massacre
23 September 1821
Tripolis
6,000-15,000
Greek irregular forces
Chios massacre
March 1822
Chios
20,000–52,000
Ottoman government
Naousa massacre
13 April 1822
Naousa
2,000
Ottoman army
Kasos massacre
7 June 1824
Kasos
500
Ottoman-Egyptian army
Some 2000 women and children taken and sold into slavery
Destruction of Psara
July 1824
Psara
7,000
Ottoman army
Third Siege of Messolonghi
April 1826
Messolonghi
8,000
Ottoman/Egyptian army
Messolonghi received the honorary title of Hiera Polis (Sacred City) by the Greek state.
First Balkan War
Second Balkan War
World War II
Name
Date
Location
Deaths
Perpetrators
Notes
Massacre of Kondomari
2 June 1941
Crete
60
German paratroopers
Alikianos executions
2 June 1941 and 1 August 1941
Western Crete
180+
German paratroopers
Razing of Kandanos
3 June 1941
Western Crete
180
German Army troops
Doxato massacre
28–29 September 1941
Doxato
200+
Bulgarian Royal Army
Domenikon massacre
16–17 February 1943
Domenikon
150
Italian Royal Army
Feneos executions
March 1943-June 1944
Feneos
no less than 1,071
mainly OPLA
The local monastery functioned as a concentration camp.
Viannos massacres
14–16 September 1943
Viannos and Ierapetra regions
500+
Generalleutnant Friedrich-Wilhelm Müller leading the 65th Regiment of the 22nd Luftlande Infanterie-Division
Massacre of the Acqui Division
21 September 1943
Kefalonia , Greece
5,000
German Army troops
Dramatized in the film Captain Corelli's Mandolin .
Kommeno massacre
16 August 1943
Kommeno
317
German Army troops
Paramythia executions
19–29 September 1943
Paramythia
201
Cham Albanian paramilitary/German Army troops
Lyngiades massacre
3 October 1943
Ligiades
83
German Army troops
Kallikratis executions
8 October 1943
Kallikratis
30+
Jagdkommando Schubert /German Army troops
Massacre of Kalavryta
13 December 1943
Kalavryta
693
German Army troops
Drakeia massacre
18 December 1943
Drakeia, Mount Pelion
115
4th SS Polizei Panzergrenadier Division
5/42 Evzone Regiment dissolution
17 April 1944
Phocis , Central Greece
200+
ELAS troops
Colonel Dimitrios Psarros also executed.
Pyrgoi (formerly Katranitsa) massacre
20 April 1944
Pyrgoi
346
German Army troops
Executions of Kaisariani
1 May 1944
Kaisariani
200
German Army troops
Distomo massacre
10 June 1944
Distomo
218
German SS troops
Massacre of Pikermi
21 July 1944
Pikermi
54
German Army troops
Massacre of Mousiotitsa
25 July 1943
Mousiotitsa
153
German SS troops
Executions of Kokkinia
17 August 1944
Kokkinia
300+
German Army troops/Security Battalions
Skourvoula executions
14 August 1944
Skourvoula , Crete
36+
German Army troops
Holocaust of Kedros
22 August 1944
Amari Valley
164
German Army troops
Malathyros executions
28 August 1944
Malathyros , Crete
61
German Army troops
The Massacre of Chortiatis
2 September 1944
Chortiatis
146
German Army troops
Perpetrated by Friedrich Schubert
Executions of Meligalas
16 September 1944
Meligalas
c.1,000
ELAS troops
Aigaleo massacre
29 September 1944
Aigaleo
65 official number,[ 10] estimates up to 150[ 11]
German Army troops
Executions of ULEN/Peristeri
December 1944 (Dekemvriana )
Athens
3,000+ (unknown exactly)
OPLA , other minor communist groups
References
^ "The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites, DRABESKOS (Sdravik) Macedonia, Greece" . Perseus Digital Library (in Latin). Retrieved 2024-01-12 .
^ Παπασταύρος, Αναστάσιος Ι. (2013). "Ο ΧΑΛΑΣΜΟΣ ΤΗΣ ΠΡΕΒΕΖΑΣ" (PDF) . Αλή Πασάς – από λήσταρχος ηγεμόνας (in Greek). Apeirotan. p. 106.
^ Clair, William St. (2008). That Greece might still be free (New ed., rev., corr., and with additional ill. and updated bibliography. ed.). Cambridge: Open Book Publ. pp. 4 –5. ISBN 9781906924003 . massacred+1821+constantinople+greeks.
^ Charles Vellay, L'irrédentisme hellénique , 1913, 329 pages. page 131: [1]
^ Kramer, Alan (2008). Dynamic of Destruction: Culture and Mass Killing in the First World War . OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780191580116 .
^ Report of the International Commission to Inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars, published by the Endowment Washington, D.C. 1914, p. 83 "While emphasizing the heavy responsibility which falls on the Bulgarian officers for this catastrophe, we do not hesitate to conclude that the massacre at Doxato was a Turkish and not a Bulgarian atrocity."
^ The Nation and Athenæum . Nation Publishing Company Limited. 1914.
^ "<italic>Report of the International Commission to inquire into the Causes and Conduct of the Balkan Wars</italic>. [Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Division of Intercourse and Education, Publication No. 4.] (Washington, D. C.: Published by the Endowment. 1914. Pp. 413.)". The American Historical Review . April 1915. doi :10.1086/ahr/20.3.638 . ISSN 1937-5239 .
^ Hooton, E. R. (2014). Prelude to the First World War: The Balkan Wars 1912-1913 . Fonthill Media.
^ Δεδούση, Μαρία (2022-09-29). "Σαν σήμερα: 29 Σεπτεμβρίου - Το Ολοκαύτωμα του Αιγάλεω, ακόμη μια ατιμώρητη σφαγή αθώων" . CNN.gr (in Greek). Retrieved 2022-10-03 .
^ "Τα θύματα εκ της βαρβάρου επιδρομής εις το Πυριτιδοποιείον – Οι νεκροί ανέρχονται εις εκατόν πενήντα" . efimeris.nlg.gr (in Greek). Retrieved 2022-10-03 .
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See also
List of massacres in Europe
Sovereign states States with limited recognition Dependencies and other entities