1570
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| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
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| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: |
| 1570 by topic |
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| Arts and science |
| Leaders |
| Birth and death categories |
| Births – Deaths |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories |
| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Works category |
| Gregorian calendar | 1570 MDLXX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2323 |
| Armenian calendar | 1019 ԹՎ ՌԺԹ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6320 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1491–1492 |
| Bengali calendar | 977 |
| Berber calendar | 2520 |
| English Regnal year | 12 Eliz. 1 – 13 Eliz. 1 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2114 |
| Burmese calendar | 932 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7078–7079 |
| Chinese calendar | 己巳年 (Earth Snake) 4267 or 4060 — to — 庚午年 (Metal Horse) 4268 or 4061 |
| Coptic calendar | 1286–1287 |
| Discordian calendar | 2736 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1562–1563 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5330–5331 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1626–1627 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1491–1492 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4670–4671 |
| Holocene calendar | 11570 |
| Igbo calendar | 570–571 |
| Iranian calendar | 948–949 |
| Islamic calendar | 977–978 |
| Japanese calendar | Eiroku 13 / Genki 1 (元亀元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1489–1490 |
| Julian calendar | 1570 MDLXX |
| Korean calendar | 3903 |
| Minguo calendar | 342 before ROC 民前342年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 102 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2112–2113 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阴土蛇年 (female Earth-Snake) 1696 or 1315 or 543 — to — 阳金马年 (male Iron-Horse) 1697 or 1316 or 544 |
Year 1570 (MDLXX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
January–June
- January 9 – Ivan the Terrible begins the Massacre of Novgorod.
- January 23 – The assassination of Scottish regent James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, by James Hamilton (the first recorded assassination using a firearm), throws Scotland into civil war.
- February 8 – A magnitude 8.3 earthquake occurs in Concepción, Chile.
- February 15 – Venus occults Jupiter; this will next happen in 1818.
- February 25 – Pope Pius V excommunicates Queen Elizabeth I of England, with the bull Regnans in Excelsis.
- May 20 – Abraham Ortelius publishes the first modern atlas, Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, in Antwerp.
- May 24 – The Spanish led by Martín de Goiti defeats the forces of Rajah Sulayman at the Battle of Manila.
- June 10 – The Kingdom of Livonia is established.
July–December
- July 3 – The Ottoman conquest of Cyprus begins.
- July 14 – Pope Pius V issues Quo primum, promulgating the 1570 edition of the Roman Missal.
- July 22 – Thomson Snell & Passmore was founded, the oldest law firm in operation
- July 30 – Battle of Anegawa: The allied forces of Oda Nobunaga and Tokugawa Ieyasu defeat the combined forces of the Azai and Asakura clans.
- August 8 – The Peace of Saint-Germain ends the Third War of Religion in France. Again, the Huguenots are promised religious freedom and political autonomy.
- August 16 – The Treaty of Speyer is signed between John Sigismund Zápolya, Prince of Transylvania and Maximilian II, King of Hungary.
- September 10 – A party of ten Spanish Jesuit missionaries land on the Virginia Peninsula of North America to establish the Ajacán Mission, which will be massacred in February 1571.
Date unknown
- Spanish conquistador Juan de Salcedo (in the service of Miguel López de Legazpi) begins the conquest of the Kingdom of Maynila.
- Construction of the original Catedral Nuestra Señora de La Asunción, the oldest church in Venezuela, begins.
- The Whitechapel Bell Foundry is known to be in existence in London. By 2017, when it closes its premises in Whitechapel, it will be the oldest manufacturing company in Great Britain.
- Andrea Palladio publishes I quattro libri dell'architettura in Venice.
- Volcanic eruption in the Santorini caldera begins.
- The Andean population of the Viceroyalty of Peru reaches 1.3 million.
Births
- January 1
- Dorothea of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Spouse of Charles I, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld (d. 1649)
- John Dackombe, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster (d. 1618)
- January 19 – Wolfgang Hirschbach, German legal scholar (d. 1620)
- January 22 – Robert Bruce Cotton, English politician (d. 1631)
- February – Henry Balnaves, Scottish politician and religious reformer (b. 1512)
- March 25 – Henry Lennard, 12th Baron Dacre, English baron and politician (d. 1616)
- April 13 – Guy Fawkes, English conspirator (d. 1606)
- May 8 – Tamás Esterházy, Hungarian writer (d. 1616)
- May 22 – Johann II, Duke of Saxe-Weimar, German duke (d. 1605)
- June 7 – Sultan Murad Mirza, Mughal prince (d. 1599)
- June 13 – Paul Peuerl, German organist (d. 1625)
- August 10 – Philip, Duke of Holstein-Gottorp (1587–1590) (d. 1590)
- August 21 – Christopher, Duke of Brunswick-Harburg, co-ruler of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Harburg (1603–1606) (d. 1606)
- August 22 – Franz von Dietrichstein, German Catholic bishop (d. 1636)
- August 31 – Gustav of Saxe-Lauenburg, German noble (d. 1597)
- September 28 – Sir Richard Hoghton, 1st Baronet, English politician (d. 1630)
- October 3 – George Coke, British bishop (d. 1646)
- October 4 – Péter Pázmány, Hungarian cardinal and statesman (d. 1637)
- October 7
- Volkert Overlander, Dutch mayor (d. 1630)
- Jean Richardot the Younger, Belgian politician (d. 1614)
- November 1 – Phineas Pett, English shipwright and member of the Pett Dynasty (d. 1647)
- November 15 – Francesco Curradi, Italian painter (d. 1661)
- November 20 – Giovanni Battista Agucchi, Italian churchman, papal diplomat, and writer on art theory (d. 1632)
- November 26 – Christian, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Ærø (1622–1633) (d. 1633)
- November 28 – James Whitelocke, English judge (d. 1632)
- December 7 – Richard Cecil, English politician (d. 1633)
- December 29 – Wilhelm Lamormaini, Luxembourgian theologian (d. 1648)
- date unknown
- Diego Aduarte, Prior of Manila (d. 1637)
- Robert Aytoun, Scottish poet (d. 1638)
- Ebba Bielke, Swedish baroness and conspirator (d. 1618)
- John Cooper, English composer and lutenist (d. 1626)
- John Farmer, English composer (d. c.1601)
- Simon Grahame, Scottish-born adventurer (d. 1614)
- Nakagawa Hidenari, Japanese daimyō (d. 1612)
- Hans Lippershey, Dutch lensmaker (d. 1619)
- Asprilio Pacelli, Italian Baroque composer (d. 1623)
- Girolamo Rainaldi, Italian architect (d. 1655)
- Salamone Rossi, Italian violinist and composer (d. 1630)
- John Smyth, English Baptist minister (d. 1612)
- Chief Powhatan, Algonquin chief (d. 1620)
- Claudia Sessa, Italian composer (d. 1617/19)
- Katharina Henot, German General Postmaster and alleged witch (d. 1627)
- Urszula Meyerin, politically influential Polish courtier (d. 1635)
Deaths
- January 8 – Philibert de l'Orme, French architect (b. 1510)
- January 23 – James Stewart, 1st Earl of Moray, regent of Scotland (assassinated) (b. c.1531)
- February 13 – Eleonora Gonzaga, Duchess of Urbino, politically active Italian duchess (b. 1493)
- February 20 – Johannes Scheubel, German mathematician (b. 1494)
- March 1 – Bernhard VII, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. 1540)
- March 16 – Ippolita Gonzaga, Italian nun (b. 1503)
- April 13 – Daniele Barbaro, Italian architect (b. 1514)
- July 3 – Aonio Paleario, Italian humanist and reformer (executed) (b. c. 1500)
- July 25 – Ivan Mikhailovich Viskovatyi, Russian diplomat
- August 4 – Marie Catherine Gondi, French court official (b. c. 1500)
- September 6 – Agostino Gallo, Italian agronomist (b. 1499)
- September 11 – Johannes Brenz, German theologian and Protestant Reformer (b. 1499)
- October 1 – Frans Floris, Flemish painter (b. 1520)
- October 18 – Manuel da Nóbrega, Portuguese Jesuit missionary in Brazil (b. 1517)
- October 20
- João de Barros, Portuguese historian (b. 1496)
- Francesco Laparelli, Italian architect (b. 1521)
- November – Jacques Grévin, French dramatist (b. 1539)
- November 21 – Ruxandra Lăpușneanu, Moldavian regent (b. 1538)
- November 27 – Jacopo Sansovino, Italian sculptor and architect (b. 1486)
- December 15 – Frederick III of Legnica, Duke of Legnica (b. 1520)
- date unknown
- François Bonivard, Swiss patriot and historian (b. 1496)
- Yi Hwang, Korean Confucian scholar (b. 1501)
- Francesco Primaticcio, Italian painter, architect, and sculptor (b. 1504)
- Tomás de Santa María, Spanish music theorist