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"B" train symbol
Sixth Avenue Express
A Manhattan-bound B train of R68As at Prospect Park
Map of the "B" train
Note: dotted line shows rush hour only service
Northern endBedford Park Boulevard (rush hours) or 145th Street
Southern endBrighton Beach
Stations27
37 (limited service)
Rolling stockR68
R68A[1][2]
(Rolling stock assignments subject to change)
DepotConey Island Yard
Started serviceDecember 15, 1940; 84 years ago (1940-12-15)
Route map

Down arrow  B 
(weekdays)
Bedford Park Boulevard
Kingsbridge Road
Fordham Road
182nd–183rd Streets
Tremont Avenue
174th–175th Streets
170th Street
167th Street
161st Street–Yankee Stadium
155th Street
Down arrow  B 
(evenings)
145th Street
135th Street
125th Street
116th Street
Cathedral Parkway–110th Street
103rd Street
96th Street
86th Street
81st Street–Museum of Natural History
72nd Street
59th Street–Columbus Circle
Seventh Avenue
47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center
42nd Street–Bryant Park
34th Street–Herald Square Port Authority Trans-Hudson
bypassed local section
14th Street Port Authority Trans-Hudson
West Fourth Street–Washington Square
Broadway–Lafayette Street
Grand Street
Myrtle Avenue (closed)
DeKalb Avenue
"D" train​​"N" train​​"R" train
to Bay Ridge & Coney Island
via 4th Avenue
Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center
Seventh Avenue
Prospect Park
(Up arrow  S )
bypassed local section
Church Avenue
bypassed local section
Cortelyou Road
Newkirk Plaza
bypassed local section
Avenue J
Avenue M
Kings Highway
bypassed local section
Neck Road
Sheepshead Bay
Brighton Beach
Up arrow  B 
Legend

Lines used by the "B" train
Other services sharing tracks with the "B" train
Unused lines, connections, or service patterns
 B 
Termini of services

Cross-platform interchange

Platforms on different levels

The B Sixth Avenue Express[3] is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway. Its route emblem, or "bullet", is colored orange, since it uses the IND Sixth Avenue Line in Manhattan.[4]

The B operates only on weekdays between Brighton Beach in Brooklyn and 145th Street in Harlem, Manhattan, making express stops in Brooklyn along the BMT Brighton Line and in Manhattan along Sixth Avenue, and all stops along Central Park West. During rush hours, the B is extended beyond 145th Street to and from Bedford Park Boulevard in the Bronx, making local stops along Grand Concourse.

The B used to run almost exclusively in Manhattan, from 168th Street in Washington Heights to 34th Street–Herald Square in Midtown Manhattan. In 1967, with the Chrystie Street Connection, the B started running via the BMT West End Line (local) and BMT Fourth Avenue Line (express) in Brooklyn. A short-lived yellow B service ran via the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan and the BMT West End Line in Brooklyn from 1986 to 1988 due to Manhattan Bridge renovation, while orange B service traveled the pre-1967 route between 168th and 34th Streets. After 1989, the B north of 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center used the IND Eighth Avenue Line to 168th Street on weekdays, and the IND 63rd Street Line on evenings and weekends. Late night service ran as a shuttle on the West End Line. Weekday service was rerouted to the Concourse Line in 1998, while off-peak service along 63rd Street ceased in 2000. The B started using the Brighton Line in 2004 after work on the north side of the Manhattan Bridge was completed.

History

 
B

6TH AVE
 
BB

6TH AVE
Original R1 to R38 end rollsigns
A poster notifying the opening of the Sixth Avenue Subway at 12:01 AM, Sunday, Dec. 15, 1940

The designation B was originally intended for express trains originating from the Washington Heights neighborhood of Manhattan and operating in Midtown Manhattan on the IND Sixth Avenue Line. However, the original B service, beginning with the opening of the Sixth Avenue Line on December 15, 1940, ran as a rush-hour only local service between 168th Street–Washington Heights and 34th Street–Herald Square. This service was designated BB, conforming with the Independent Subway System (IND) convention using double letters to indicate local services.[5]

Chrystie Street

1967–1979 bullet

The Chrystie Street Connection and the express tracks of the Sixth Avenue Line opened on November 26, 1967, radically changing service. BB trains were combined with the former T service, which ran on the BMT West End Line in Brooklyn and the BMT Broadway Line in Manhattan. This created a through service from 168th Street to Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue via the Sixth Avenue Line express tracks and the Manhattan Bridge.[6] During middays, service to and from Brooklyn terminated at West 4th Street. During late night hours and Sundays when B service did not operate, TT shuttles continued to operate on the West End Line.[7] On July 1, 1968, the B was rerouted to terminate at 57th Street in Midtown Manhattan during middays and evenings, extending to 168th Street only during rush hours. The West End Line shuttles were also made part of the B route.[8]

On June 1, 1976, the New York City Transit Authority (NYCTA) announced changes in subway service that were expected to save $12.6 million annually and were the third phase of the agency's plan to realign subway service to better reflect ridership patterns and reduced ridership. As part of the changes, which took effect on August 30, 1976, B service began running between 57th Street and Coney Island during all times, replacing K service, and alternate B trains commenced operating between 168th Street and Coney Island during rush hours.[9][10] On December 14, 1976, the NYCTA announced severe cuts in bus and subway service in order to cut its budget by $30 million over the following 18 months in order to achieve a balanced budget, at the request of the Emergency Financial Control Board.[11] As part of the cuts, late night B service was cut back to running as a shuttle between 36th Street and Coney Island via the West End Line. This change took effect on August 27, 1977. Initially, the 57th Street station was to be closed during late nights.[12] However, a B shuttle also operated during late nights, running between 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center and 57th Street.[13][14][15]

The NYCTA approved four changes in subway service on April 27, 1981, including an increase in B service. The changes were made as part of the $1 million, two-year Rapid Transit Sufficiency Study, and were expected to take place as early as 1982, following public hearings and approval by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) board. As part of the changes, midday B service was going to be increased, replacing AA service. B service on the West End Line and Fourth Avenue Line express was to be supplemented by a new rush hour T train, running between Bay Parkway and Chambers Street on the Nassau Street Line.[16]

On June 1, 1983, the NYCTA proposed changes to increase service along Sixth Avenue and better connecting the line to the Bronx and Queens. As part of the changes, B train service would run to 168th Street at all times, with service to 57th Street during non-rush hours replaced by a new H train running between 57th Street and World Trade Center. With the extension of B service to 168th Street, AA service would be eliminated. The changes would have gone into effect in spring or summer 1984, pending approval by the MTA board.[17]



1986–1988 bullets for BMT Broadway Line service; the diamond was for rush-hour service to Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard.

Manhattan Bridge reconstruction

1980s

The reconstruction of the Manhattan Bridge between 1986 and 2004 affected B service as the bridge's north side tracks, which led to the Sixth Avenue Line, were closed multiple times. These closures severed the connection between the northern and southern portions of the route. B service was split into two different services starting on April 26, 1986, with an expected completion date of October 26, 1986.[18] The closure of the bridge's north side tracks caused the return of pre-November 1967 service patterns, before the opening of the Chrystie Street Connection: The orange B duplicated the former BB service, and the yellow B imitated the old T service.[19] The northern B service ran via Sixth Avenue, using an orange bullet, between 34th Street-Herald Square and 168th Street during rush hours only. The southern B service ran via the bridge and BMT Broadway Line, using a yellow bullet. It ran from Coney Island-Stillwell Avenue and terminated at Astoria–Ditmars Boulevard rush hours, Queensboro Plaza middays, evenings and weekends and 36th Street late nights as a shuttle. Service to 57th Street and Grand Street was replaced by a S shuttle running between these two points, running via the Sixth Avenue local.[18] On May 24, 1987, evening and weekend Broadway Line B service was cut back from Queensboro Plaza to 57th Street–Seventh Avenue.[20]

Through B service on the Sixth Avenue Line resumed December 11, 1988, when the Manhattan Bridge's north side tracks reopened. Due to increased demand for Sixth Avenue service along Central Park West, B trains were extended to 168th Street on middays and evenings, partially replacing the discontinued K service.[21]: 17  During late nights, the B continued to operate as the West End Shuttle from 36th Street to Coney Island. B service operated to 57th Street during weekends and N service was increased to replace B service to Ditmars Boulevard.[22][23]

A Manhattan-bound B train of R68s at Kings Highway

With the opening of the IND 63rd Street Line on October 29, 1989, B service was extended from 57th Street to 21st Street–Queensbridge on weekends.[24][25][26] On September 30, 1990, evening service was rerouted to 21st Street–Queensbridge to replace Q service with A service running local between 145th and 168th Streets in its place. B trains stopped operating between 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center and 168th Street between 8:15 p.m. and 6:45 a.m., saving the NYCTA $1.35 million annually.[27] Also on this date, because N service resumed running via the Manhattan Bridge, B trains began skipping DeKalb Avenue.[28][29]

1990s

The north side of the Manhattan Bridge closed on middays and weekends from April 30, 1995 until November 12, 1995,[30] during which B trains ran only between Pacific Street and Coney Island–Stillwell Avenue, running local on the BMT West End Line and express on the BMT Fourth Avenue Line.[31]

From February 22, 1998 to May 22, 1999, B service was cut to 57th Street on evenings and weekends due to track and tunnel reconstruction of the IND 63rd Street Line. Service on that line was replaced by a shuttle to the BMT Broadway Line which ran every 20 minutes.[32][33] The 57th Street station was closed from 12:30 to 6 a.m. daily during the project.[34] The project had initially been slated to be completed in fall 1999,[35] but normal service resumed in May 1999, ahead of schedule.[33]

1979–2005 rush-hour service bullet

The B and the C switched northern terminals on March 1, 1998, ending the connection between the B and Washington Heights. The B was routed onto the IND Concourse Line to Bedford Park Boulevard during rush hours. Midday service terminated at 145th Street.[36][37] The change was made to reduce crowding on the C and to reduce passenger confusion about the C's route.[38]

2000s

In 2000, B service was taken off of the IND 63rd Street Line for signal and track work. It ran along Central Park West to 145th Street (terminating at Bedford Park Boulevard during rush hours) at all times except late nights.[39]

On July 22, 2001, the Manhattan Bridge's north side tracks closed and B service over the Manhattan Bridge was split into two services once again, similar to the 1986 changes. This time, the southern half of the route, which runs on the Broadway Line, was named the W. B service ran weekdays only, from 34th Street to Bedford Park Boulevard during rush hours and from 34th Street to 145th Street during middays and evenings.[40][41][42]

The Manhattan Bridge was fully reopened to subway service on February 22, 2004. B trains were once again extended through Grand Street station and over the bridge's north tracks into Brooklyn. Now service operated between Brighton Beach and Bedford Park Boulevard during rush hours and Brighton Beach and 145th Street on weekday middays and evenings. The B now served the BMT Brighton Line in Brooklyn as the express (replacing the <Q>), instead of the West End Line, which it had served in some form since 1967 to combine two weekday-only services.[43][44][45][46]

21st century

From September 14, 2009 to October 3, 2011, B trains ran local in Brooklyn due to station renovations on the Brighton Line.[47][48][49]

In July 2019, the MTA introduced a proposal to end late evening service.[50] Instead, B service would end around 9:30 PM, which it previously did prior to July 2008.[51] In their proposal, the MTA noted that service often ended early on weeknights to accommodate planned work.[50] In March 2020, the B was temporarily suspended due to lack of ridership and train crew availability caused by the COVID-19 pandemic,[52][53] though full service was restored in June.[54][55]

Route

Service pattern

The following table shows the lines used by the B, with shaded boxes indicating the route at the specified times:[56]

Line From To Tracks Times
week­days rush hours
IND Concourse Line Bedford Park Boulevard 155th Street local    
145th Street all  
IND Eighth Avenue Line 135th Street 59th Street–Columbus Circle local
IND Sixth Avenue Line Seventh Avenue/53rd Street Broadway–Lafayette Street express
Chrystie Street Connection Grand Street all
Manhattan Bridge north
BMT Brighton Line DeKalb Avenue Brighton Beach express

Stations

For a more detailed station listing, see the articles on the lines listed above.[3]

Station service legend
Stops all times Stops all times
Stops all times except late nights Stops all times except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day Stops weekdays during the day
Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction Stops all times except rush hours in the peak direction
Stops rush hours only Stops rush hours only
Station closed Station closed
Stops rush hours in the peak direction only Stops weekdays in the peak direction only
Time period details
Disabled access Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
Disabled access ↑ Station is compliant with the Americans with Disabilities Act
in the indicated direction only
Disabled access ↓
Elevator access to mezzanine only
B service Stations Disabled access Subway transfers Connections/Other Notes
The Bronx
Concourse Line
Stops rush hours only Bedford Park Boulevard Disabled access D all times
Stops rush hours only Kingsbridge Road Disabled access D all times Some northbound a.m. rush hour trips terminate at this station
Stops rush hours only Fordham Road D all times Bx12 Select Bus Service
Stops rush hours only 182nd–183rd Streets D all except rush hours, peak direction Skipped by trains terminating at Kingsbridge Road
Stops rush hours only Tremont Avenue D all times
Stops rush hours only 174th–175th Streets D all except rush hours, peak direction
Stops rush hours only 170th Street D all except rush hours, peak direction
Stops rush hours only 167th Street D all except rush hours, peak direction
Stops rush hours only 161st Street–Yankee Stadium Disabled access D all except rush hours, peak direction
4 all times (IRT Jerome Avenue Line)
Bx6 Select Bus Service
Manhattan
Stops rush hours only 155th Street D all except rush hours, peak direction
Stops weekdays during the day 145th Street D all times
A all timesC all except late nights (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
Northern terminal for all midday and evening trains
Eighth Avenue Line
Stops weekdays during the day 135th Street C all except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day 125th Street Disabled access A all times ​​C all except late nightsD all times M60 Select Bus Service to LaGuardia Airport
Stops weekdays during the day 116th Street C all except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day Cathedral Parkway–110th Street C all except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day 103rd Street C all except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day 96th Street C all except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day 86th Street C all except late nights M86 Select Bus Service
Stops weekdays during the day 81st Street–Museum of Natural History C all except late nights M79 Select Bus Service
Stops weekdays during the day 72nd Street C all except late nights
Stops weekdays during the day 59th Street–Columbus Circle Disabled access A all times ​​C all except late nightsD all times
1 all times (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)
Sixth Avenue Line
Stops weekdays during the day Seventh Avenue/53rd Street D all times
E all times (IND Queens Boulevard Line)
Stops weekdays during the day 47th–50th Streets–Rockefeller Center Disabled access D all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the day
Stops weekdays during the day 42nd Street–Bryant Park Elevator access to mezzanine only D all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the day
7 all times <7> rush hours until 9:30 p.m., peak direction​ (IRT Flushing Line at Fifth Avenue)
Stops weekdays during the day 34th Street–Herald Square Disabled access D all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the day
N all timesQ all timesR all except late nightsW weekdays only (BMT Broadway Line)
M34 / M34A Select Bus Service
PATH at 33rd Street
Amtrak, LIRR, NJ Transit at Pennsylvania Station
Stops weekdays during the day West Fourth Street–Washington Square Disabled access D all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the day
A all timesC all except late nightsE all times (IND Eighth Avenue Line)
PATH at 9th Street
Stops weekdays during the day Broadway–Lafayette Street Disabled access D all timesF all times <F> two rush hour trains, peak directionM weekdays during the day
6 all times <6> weekdays until 8:45 p.m., peak direction​ (IRT Lexington Avenue Line at Bleecker Street)
Chrystie Street Branch
Stops weekdays during the day Grand Street D all times
Brooklyn
Brighton Line
Stops weekdays during the day DeKalb Avenue Disabled access N limited rush hour service in the reverse-peak directionQ all timesR all timesW limited rush hour service only
Stops weekdays during the day Atlantic Avenue–Barclays Center Disabled access Q all times
D all timesN all timesR all timesW limited rush hour service only (BMT Fourth Avenue Line)
2 all times3 all except late nights4 all times5 weekdays only (IRT Eastern Parkway Line)
LIRR Atlantic Branch at Atlantic Terminal
Stops weekdays during the day Seventh Avenue/Flatbush Avenue Q all times
Stops weekdays during the day Prospect Park Disabled access Q all times
S all times (BMT Franklin Avenue Line)
Stops weekdays during the day Church Avenue Q all times
Stops weekdays during the day Newkirk Plaza Q all times
Stops weekdays during the day Kings Highway Disabled access Q all times B82 Select Bus Service
Stops weekdays during the day Sheepshead Bay Q all times
Stops weekdays during the day Brighton Beach Q all times

References

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  17. ^ Harney, James (June 2, 1983). "TA eyes big Sixth Ave. beef-up". New York Daily News. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
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  35. ^ B Q All Times Service to Lexington Av/63 St, Roosevelt Island, 21 St/Queensbridge replaced by special shuttle February 22 to Fall '99. New York City Transit. February 1998.
  36. ^ "March 1, 1998 B C Routes are switching places above 145 St". New York City Transit. March 1998. Archived from the original on January 5, 2017. Retrieved October 23, 2016 – via Flickr.
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  38. ^ "Changes in B & C service". New York Daily News. February 24, 1998. Retrieved March 29, 2019.
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  40. ^ "Manhattan Bridge Service Changed B D Q <Q> W". Metropolitan Transportation Authority. July 2001. Retrieved March 29, 2019 – via The JoeKorner.
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  43. ^ "A Subway Map Remade, in Hopes of Matching Routes and Riders". The New York Times. February 20, 2004. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved June 9, 2014.
  44. ^ "B D M N Q R W Weekday Service Manhattan Bridge Map" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 2004. Archived from the original on February 5, 2004. Retrieved September 18, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  45. ^ "MTA NYC Transit Manhattan Bridge Information". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. February 5, 2004. Archived from the original on February 5, 2004. Retrieved September 18, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  46. ^ "More Service on the Manhattan Bridge B D M N Q R W New Subway Service! February 22, 2004". The JoeKorNer. New York City Transit. 2003. Archived from the original on July 15, 2014. Retrieved August 5, 2010.
  47. ^ "B Train Timetable" (PDF). mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. January 18, 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 31, 2010. Retrieved October 30, 2016.
  48. ^ "B Express Service Returns to the Brighton Line". mta.info. Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 30, 2011. Retrieved March 31, 2019.
  49. ^ "Brighton Line Station Rehabilitation" (PDF). The Bulletin. 52 (10). Electric Railroaders' Association: 18. October 2009.
  50. ^ a b "July 2019 NYC Transit/MTA Bus Committee Meeting" (PDF). mta.info. July 22, 2019. p. 207. Retrieved July 24, 2019.
  51. ^ "MTA | Press Release | NYC Transit | Service Adjustments on BMW Lines". www.mta.info. July 24, 2008. Retrieved July 25, 2019.
  52. ^ Guse, Clayton (March 24, 2020). "Coronavirus forces MTA to implement big cuts to NYC's mass transit". nydailynews.com. Retrieved June 9, 2020.
  53. ^ Martinez, Jose (April 28, 2020). "Subway Service Slowly Gets Back On Track As Transit Workers Return". The City. Retrieved April 29, 2020.
  54. ^ Bascome, Erik (June 2, 2020). "Full service on MTA buses, subways set to return by June 8". silive. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
  55. ^ Siff, Andrew (June 5, 2020). "MTA Resumes Regular Weekday Service; Overnight 4-Hour Closure Stays". NBC New York. Retrieved June 8, 2020.
  56. ^ "Subway Service Guide" (PDF). Metropolitan Transportation Authority. September 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.