Laṇḍā scripts
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| Brahmic scripts |
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| The Brahmi script and its descendants |
The Laṇḍā scripts (also Lahnda, Landa), meaning "without a tail", is a Punjabi word used to refer to writing systems used in Punjab and nearby parts of North India.[1] It is distinct from the Lahnda language, which used to be called Western Punjabi.
Laṇḍā is a script that evolved from the Śāradā during the 10th century. It was widely used in the northern and north-western part of India in the area comprising Punjab, Sindh, Kashmir and some parts of Balochistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. It was used to write Punjabi, Hindustani, Sindhi, Saraiki, Balochi, Kashmiri, Pashto, and various Punjabi dialects like Pahari-Pothwari.
Variants
There are at least ten ancient scripts that were classified as Laṇḍā scripts. They were often used as the mercantile scripts of the Punjab region.
- Gurmukhī evolved from Laṇḍā.[2]
- Khojkī, an ecclesiastical script of the Isma'ili Khoja community, is within the Sindhi branch of the Landa family of scripts.[3]
- Mahājanī, a script previously used for the Punjabi and Mārwāṛī, is related to Laṇḍā.[4]
- Khudabadi, formerly used for Sindhi, is a Laṇḍā-based script.[5]
- Multani, former writing system of Saraiki, is a Laṇḍā-based script.[6]
References
- ^ 中西 亮(Nakanishi, Akira) (1980-01-01). Writing systems of the world: alphabets, syllabaries, pictograms. Rutland, Vt.; Tokyo, Japan: C.E. Tuttle Co. pp. 50-51. ISBN 0804812934.
- ^ Pandey, Anshuman. (2010). L2/10-011R A Roadmap for Scripts of the Landa Family
- ^ Pandey, Anshuman. (2011). L2/11-021 Final Proposal to Encode the Khojki Script
- ^ Pandey, Anshuman. (2011). L2/11-274 Proposal to Encode the Mahajani Script
- ^ Pandey, Anshuman. (2011). L2/11-022 Final Proposal to Encode the Khudawadi Script
- ^ Pandey, Anshuman. (2012). L2/12-316 Proposal to Encode the Multani Script
Further reading
- Pandey, Anshuman. (2010). L2/10-271R Proposal to Encode the Sindhi Script
- Pandey, Anshuman. (2010). L2/10-013R Preliminary Proposal to Encode the Landa Script
- Pandey, Anshuman. (2009). L2/09-424 Proposal to Encode the Takri Script