Autonomous prefecture
Administrative divisions of China |
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History: before 1912, 1912–49, 1949–present Administrative division codes |
Autonomous prefectures are one type of Autonomous areas of China, existing at the prefectural level. Autonomous prefectures (自治州 pinyin: zìzhìzhōu) either have over 50% of the population with ethnic minorities or are historically resided by significant minorities. All autonomous prefectures are mostly dominated, in population, by the Han Chinese. The official name of an autonomous prefecture includes the most dominant minority in that region, sometimes two, rarely three. For example, a Kazakh (Kazak in official naming system) prefecture may be called Kazak Zizhizhou.
Like all other prefectural level divisions, autonomous prefectures are divided into county level divisions. There is one exception: Ili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture contains two prefectures of its own.
Under the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, autonomous prefectures cannot be abolished.
List of Autonomous prefectures
Province | Name | Simplified Chinese | Pinyin | Designated minority | Local name | Capital |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gansu | Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture | 临夏回族自治州 | Línxià Huízú Zìzhìzhōu | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese, xiaoerjin is a phonetic transcription) | Linxia |
Gansu | Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 甘南藏族自治州 | Gānnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - ཀན་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Kan-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul |
Hezuo |
Guizhou | Qiandongnan Miao and Dong Autonomous Prefecture | 黔东南苗族侗族自治州 | Qiándōngnán Miáozú Dòngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Miao and Dong | Hmong - Cheej Toob Naj Mioj Txhwj Toom Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb Dong - ? |
Kaili |
Guizhou | Qiannan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 黔南布依族苗族自治州 | Qiánnán Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Buyei and Miao | Buyei - ? Hmong - Cheej Naj Pwm Yi Txhwj Mioj Txwj Txim Tsim Tsawb |
Duyun |
Guizhou | Qianxinan Buyei and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 黔西南布依族苗族自治州 | Qiánxīnán Bùyīzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Buyei and Miao | Buyei - ? Hmong - Cheej Xyi Naj Pwm Yi Txhwj Mioj Txwj Txim Tsim Tsawb |
Xingyi |
Hubei | Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 恩施土家族苗族自治州 | Ēnshī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Tujia and Miao | Tujia - ? Hmong - EE Si Thws Ca Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb |
Enshi |
Hunan | Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 湘西土家族苗族自治州 | Xiāngxī Tǔjiāzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Tujia and Miao | Tujia - ? Hmong - Xyaa Xyi Thws Ca Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb |
Jishou |
Jilin | Yanbian Korean Autonomous Prefecture | 延边朝鲜族自治州 | Yánbiān Cháoxiǎnzú Zìzhìzhōu | Korean | Korean - 연변 조선족 자치주 Yeonbyeon Joseonjok Jachiju |
Yanji |
Qinghai | Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 海北藏族自治州 | Hǎiběi Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - མཚོ་བྱང་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Mtsho-byang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul |
Haiyan County |
Qinghai | Hainan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 海南藏族自治州 | Hǎinán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - མཚོ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Mtsho-lho Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul |
Gonghe County |
Qinghai | Huangnan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 黄南藏族自治州 | Huángnán Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - རྨ་ལྷོ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Rma-lho Bod-rigs rang skyong khul |
Tongren County |
Qinghai | Golog Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 果洛藏族自治州 | Guǒluò Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - མགོ་ལོག་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Mgo-log Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul |
Maqên County |
Qinghai | Gyêgu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 玉树藏族自治州 | Yùshù Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - ཡུལ་ཤུལ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Yul-shul Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul |
Gyêgu County |
Qinghai | Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 海西蒙古族藏族自治州 | Hǎixī Měnggǔzú Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Mongol and Tibetan | Tibetan - མཚོ་ནུབ་སོག་རིགས་ཆ་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Mtsho-nub Sog-rigs dang Bod-rigs rang-skyong-khul |
Delingha |
Sichuan | Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture | 阿坝藏族羌族自治州 | Ābà Zàngzú Qiāngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan and Qiang | Tibetan - རྔ་བ་བོད་རིགས་ཆ་བ༹ང་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Rnga-ba Bod-rigs dang Chavang-rigs rang skyong khul |
Barkam County |
Sichuan | Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 甘孜藏族自治州 | Gānzī Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - དཀར་མཛེས་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Dkar-mdzes Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul |
Kangding County |
Sichuan | Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture | 凉山彝族自治州 | Liángshān Yízú Zìzhìzhōu | Yi | Yi - ꆃꎭꆈꌠꊨꏦꏱꅉꍏ Niepsha Nuosu Zytjiejux dde Zho |
Xichang |
Xinjiang | Kizilsu Kirghiz Autonomous Prefecture ? | 克孜勒苏柯尔克孜自治州 | Kèzīlèsū Kē'ěrkèzī Zìzhìzhōu | Kyrgyz | Kyrgyz - كىزىلسۋ كىزگىز اۆتونومييالى وبلاستى (Cyrillic: Кыргыз Кызылсу aвтономиялы oбласты) | Artux |
Xinjiang | Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture | 博尔塔拉蒙古自治州 | Bó'ěrtǎlā Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu | Mongol | (Mongolian in Cyrillic script: Борталын Монгол өөртөө засах тойрог) | Bortala |
Xinjiang | Changji Hui Autonomous Prefecture | 昌吉回族自治州 | Chāngjí Huízú Zìzhìzhōu | Hui | (The Hui speak Chinese) | Changji |
Xinjiang | Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture ? | 巴音郭楞蒙古自治州 | Bāyīnguōlèng Měnggǔ Zìzhìzhōu | Mongol | (Mongolian in Cyrillic script: Баянголын Монгол өөртөө засах тойрог) | Korla |
Xinjiang | Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture | 伊犁哈萨克自治州 | Yīlí Hāsàkè Zìzhìzhōu | Kazakh | Kazakh: ىله قازاق اۆتونومىيالى وبلىسى (Cyrillic: Іле Қазақ автономиялы облысы); Uyghur: Ili Ķazaķ aptonom oblasti | Yining |
Yunnan | Dehong Dai and Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture | 德宏傣族景颇族自治州 | Déhóng Dǎizú Jǐngpōzú Zìzhìzhōu | Dai and Jingpo | Tai Nüa - ᥖᥬᥳᥑᥨᥒᥰ Tai Lü - ᦺᦎᧉᦆᦳᧂ |
Luxi |
Yunnan | Nujiang Lisu Autonomous Prefecture | 怒江傈僳族自治州 | Nùjiāng Lìsùzú Zìzhìzhōu | Lisu | Lisu - Nolmut lisu shit jilqait guatshit zhou | Liuku Town, Lushui County |
Yunnan | Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture | 迪庆藏族自治州 | Díqìng Zàngzú Zìzhìzhōu | Tibetan | Tibetan - བདེ་ཆེན་བོད་རིགས་རང་སྐྱོང་ཁུལ་ Bde-chen Bod-rigs rang-skyong khul |
Shangri-La County |
Yunnan | Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture | 大理白族自治州 | Dàlǐ Báizú Zìzhìzhōu | Bai | Bai: Darl•lit Baif•cuf zirl•zirl•zox | Dali |
Yunnan | Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture | 楚雄彝族自治州 | Chǔxióng Yízú Zìzhìzhōu | Yi | ? | Chuxiong |
Yunnan | Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture | 红河哈尼族彝族自治州 | Hónghé Hānízú Yízú Zìzhìzhōu | Hani and Yi | ? | Mengzi County |
Yunnan | Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture | 文山壮族苗族自治州 | Wenshān Zhuàngzú Miáozú Zìzhìzhōu | Zhuang and Miao | Zhuang - ? Hmong -Veej Sa Tsuaam Txhwj Mioj Txhwj Txim Tsim Tsawb |
Wenshan County |
Yunnan | Xishuangbanna Dai Autonomous Prefecture | 西双版纳傣族自治州 | Xīshuāngbǎnnà Dǎizú Zìzhìzhōu | Dai | Tai Lü: ᦈᦹᧈᦈᦹᧈᦵᦋᦲᧁᦘᦱᦉᦱᦺᦑ᧑᧒ᦗᧃᦓᦱ | Jinghong |
Former autonomous prefectures of China
- Hainan Li-Miao autonomous prefecture(1952-1988) in Guangdong.
Qianjiang Tujia and Miao autonomous prefecture before 1997 in Sichuan.